PROFED 5 ● Code states what professionals

should do
Teaching as a Profession
B. The Historical Development of
Professional Teaching as a
● Implies who possess skill and
competence / expertise Profession in the Philippines
Two Elements of Profession:
● Competence Presidential Decree 1006
● Code of Ethics ● The first document that
Other Elements of a profession are: professionalized teaching.
1. Initial Professional Education ● Issued by the President
● Begin their professional lives by Ferdinand E. Marcos
completing a university program in ● 1976 with PD 1006 Known as the
their chosen field. Decree
2. Accreditation Professionalizing Teaching
● University programs are approved
by a regulatory body like the 1994, R.A 7836
Commission on Higher Education ● Known as the ‘’Philippine Teachers
(Ched) Professionalization Act of 1994,
3. Licensing was passed to ‘’promote quality
● Is mandatory, not voluntary and is
education by proper supervision and
administered by a government regulation of the licensure
authority. examination and professionalization
of the practice of the teaching
● In the Philippines, this government
profession.’’ (Section 2)
authority is the Professional
Regulation Commission (PRC)
Pre-Hispanic period
4. Professional Development
● There was no established formal
● An ongoing professional
schooling
education that maintains or
● No formal preparation for teachers,
improves professional knowledge
too
and skills after they begin
● Mothers and Tribal Leaders served
professional practice.
as teachers at home and in the
● Continuing Professional
community.
Development mandated by R.A
10912, known as the CPD Act of
Spanish Period
2016
● The Virtue of Educational Decree
5. Professional Societies
of 1863 free public school system
● Professionals see themselves as
was established.
part of a community of like-minded
● There was one school for boys and
individuals who put their professional
another school for girls in every
standards above.
municipality.
6. Code of Ethics
● Spanish missionaries served as
● To ensure that its
teachers
practitioners behave
● The same decree provided for a
responsibly
normal school run by the Jesuits to
educate male teachers in Manila
 ● Spanish who started training Philippine NormalSchool or (PNS)
teachers in normal schools. in
Paz Ramos Manila
● Dean of Education of the ● PNS is formally opened in
University of the Philippines, September 1901 PNS offered:
Diliman, claims: ● Two-year general secondary
● ‘’The foundation of teacher education education program
in the Philippines were laid by the In 1928, it became:
Spanish government during the mid- ● Junior college, offered a two year
eighteenth century. It is said to program to graduates of secondary
have begun on August 4, 1765, schools.
when King Charles of Spain issued In 1949, the Philippine Normal School
a Royal Decree requiring each renamed the PNS to:
village to have a ‘’maestro.’’ On ● PNS to PNC or Philippine Normal
November 28, 1772, another Royal College
Decree specified the qualifications of
teachers. However, it was not until Philippine Normal College offered:
1863 that there was a specific ● Four-year Bachelor of
attempt to systematize and update Science in
the education of Filipino teachers. Elementary Education

Spanish rule, schools during the Lesson 2: Teaching as a Vocation and

Spanish era were closed for a time by Mission
Aguinaldo’s government.
Teaching as a vocation
American Regime
Vocation
American soldiers ● served as the ● Comes from the Latin word ‘’vocare’’
first teachers. which means a ‘’call’’
For Christians,
● In 1901, the Philippine ● The caller is God
Commission enacted into law Act ● Abraham was first called by God, to
74 which created the Department of become the father of a great nation,
Public Instruction, laid the the nation of God’s chosen people.
foundations of the public school ● Moses was called while in Egypt in
system and offered free primary order to free them from slavery.
education for Filipinos. ● Mary who was also called by the
● 600 teachers from USA, they were God to become the mother of the
called Thomasites savior, Jesus Christ
● Universities financed by the Jesus Christ
Phil. ● The greatest teacher
Government, they were called For Muslims is
as
● The caller is Allah
‘’pensionados’’
● Muhammad the last prophet called
by Allah, to spread the teachings of
Act 74 of 1901
Allah.
● Provided for the
establishment of

Teaching as a Mission
● The word missions comes from the
Latin word ‘’mission’’ which means
‘’to send’’
● Webster New Collegiate Dictionary
defines mission as ‘’task assigned’’
You are sent to accomplish an
assigned task.
● ‘’Once a teacher, forever student.’’
Basic r’s
● Reading, ‘riting, ‘rithmetic, right
conduct
Alfred North Whitehead
● Is it to help the child to become ‘’the
man of culture and of expertise?’’
Bertrand Russell
● To provide opportunities for the
child’s growth and to remove
hampering. influences’’ ‘’put it?’’
Dr. Josette T. Biyo
● The first Asian teacher to win the
Intel Excellence in Teaching Award.
The Pwede na Mentality: Enemy
Excellent
Mission Preparation and
Accomplishment
● The striving for excellent
accomplishment sometimes brings
us to our ‘’pwede na’’ mentality,
which is inimical to excellence.
The Demands of Society from the
Teacher as a Professional and as a
Person
Dallas Public Schools Accountability
System:
● Learning gains realized by students
during a year in the classroom of an
effective teacher.
● Conversely, depressed achievement
results resisted improvement
● ‘’Having a better teacher not only has
a substantial impact on students’ test
scores at the end of the school year
but also increases their chances of
attending college and their as adults’’
(Hammond, D., 2000)
● LET – Licensure Examination for
Teachers
● The teacher is a ‘’license
professional who possesses dignity
and reputation with high moral
values as well as technical and
professional competence.. he/she
adheres to, observes and practices
as set of ethical and moral
principles, standards and values’’
The Demands from the Teacher as a
Professional
● The code of ethics for Professional
Teachers spells out the demands of
the state, community, higher
authorities and officials and
parents from teachers.
● PPST – Philippine Professional
Standards for Teachers
of
The four models of Effective Teaching:
A. Robert Marzano’s Causal Teacher
Evaluation model of four domains:
1.Classroom strategies and behaviors
o Involve routine events such as
communicating learning goals
and feedback.
2. Planning and Preparing
o Planning and preparing for
lessons.
o For use of technology
3. Reflection on Teaching
o Evaluating personal
performance such as
identifying areas of
pedagogical strengths and
weaknesses
4.Collegiality and Professionalism
o Promoting positive interactions
with colleagues, students and
parents.
B. Charlotte Danielson Framework for in the Philippines need to possess
Teaching the following characteristics:
1. Planning and Preparation ● Recognize the mastery of content
2. The classroom Environment knowledge and its
3. Instruction interconnectedness within and across
4. Professional Responsibilities curriculum.
● Provide learning environments that
C. James Stronge are safe, secure, fair and supportive
●TEPES - Teacher Effectiveness ● Establish learning environments that
Performance Evaluation System are responsive to learner diversity
● Interact with the national curriculum
James Stronge Seven performance requirements
Standards: ● Apply a variety of assessment tools
1. Professional Knowledge and strategies in monitoring,
evaluating, documenting and
2. Instructional Planning
reporting learners needs, progress
3. Instructional Delivery
and achievement.
4. Assessment of/for Learning
● Establish school-community
5. The Learning Environment
partnerships aimed at enriching the
6. Professionalism - maintains a
learning environment, as well as the
commitment to professional ethics,
community engagement in the
communicates effectively and takes
educative process
responsibly.
● Value personal growth and
7. Student Progress - the work of the
professional development and exhibit
teacher results in acceptable, high personal regard for the
measurable, and appropriate student profession by maintaining qualities
academic progress. that uphold the dignity of teaching
such as caring, attitude, respect and
The McREL model (Mid-Continent integrity.
Research for Education and Learning):
Professionalism: The Hallmark of a
1. Teachers demonstrate leadership Professional
2. Teachers establish a respectful
environment for a diverse population Professionalism is both a professional and
of students a personal trait.
3. Teachers know the content they teach
4. Teachers facilitate learning for their The code of ethics for Public School
students adopted in:
5. Teachers reflect on their practices ● Section 7 R.A 4670 explains
professional conduct:
NCBTS- National Competency-Based ‘’It behooves every teacher to assume and
Teacher Standards maintain a professional attitude to his work
● Give the teacher (7) competencies and in dealing with his associates in the
in (7) seven domains, (37) profession. It should be his self-imposed
domains, (37) strands and (148) duty to constantly improve himself
professionally.’’
performance indicators for four (4)
‘’Criticism, when necessary, should
career stages. According to the
clearly reflect friendly motivation and sincere
PPST, quality teachers
desire to uphold the standard and dignity of Article 1. Scope and Limitations
the profession.’’ Section 1. The Philippine Constitution
‘’ In dealing with his pupils or students, provides that all educational
the teacher should ever strive to be institutions shall offer quality
professionally correct, friendly, and education for all Filipino citizens, a
sympathetic.’’ vision that requires professionally
competent teachers committed to is
The Demands of Society from the
full realization. The provisions of this
Teacher as a Person:
Code shall apply, therefore, to all
teachers in all schools in the
Twelve (12) characteristics of an effective
Philippines.
teacher (Walker, Robert, J.)
1. Prepared
Section 2. This Code covers all public
2. Positive
and private school teachers in all
3. Hold High Expectations
educational institutions at the
4. Creative
preschool, primary, elementary,
5. Fair
and secondary levels whether
6. Display a personal touch
academic, vocational, special,
7. Cultivate a sense of belonging
technical, or non-formal. The term
8. Compassionate
‘’teacher’’ shall include industrial art
9. Have a sense of humor
or vocation teachers and other
10. Respect student
persons performing supervisory
11. Forgiving
and/or administrative functions in
12. Admit mistakes
all schools at the aforesaid levels.
Whether on full-time or part-time
Professionalism - is something demanded
basis.
of teachers both as professionals and as
persons.
The Code of Ethics for Professional
Article Xl. Teachers: Relationship with the
Section 1. A teacher shall live with dignity at
Secondary and Tertiary Stakeholders.
all times
Section 2. A teacher shall place premium Article 2. The Teacher and the State
upon self-respect and self-discipline as the Section 1. The schools are the
principle of personal behavior in all nurseries of the citizens of the state.
relationships with others and in all Each teacher is a trustee of the
situations. cultural and educational heritage
of the nation and is under obligation
Section 3. A teacher maintains at all times a to transmit to learners such heritage
dignified personality which could serve as as well as to elevate national
model worthy of emulation by learners, morality, promote national pride,
peers, and others. cultivate love of country, instill
allegiance to the Constitution and
Section 4. A teacher shall always recognize
respect for all duly constituted
the almighty God or being as a guide of his
authorities, and promote
own destiny and of the destinies of men and
obedience to the laws of the state.
nations
Section 2. Every teacher or school
official shall actively help carry out
The Code of Ethics for Professional
Teachers
 the declared policies of the state, and
shall take on oath to this effect.
Section 3. In the interest of the State of
the Filipino people as much as of his
own, every teacher shall be
physically, mentally and morally
fit.
Section 4. Every teacher shall possess
and actualize full commitment and
devotion to duty. Section 5. A
teacher shall not engage in the
promotion of any political, religious,
or other partisan interest, and shall
not, directly, or indirectly, solicit,
require, collect, or receive any
money, service, other valuable
material from any person or entity
for such purposes. Section 6.
Every teacher shall vote and shall
exercise all other constitutional
rights and responsibilities.
Section 7. A teacher shall not use his
position or official authority of
influence to coerce any other
person to follow any political
course of action.
Section 8. Every teacher shall enjoy
academic freedom and shall have
the privilege of sharing the product
of his researchers and investigations,
provided that, if the results are
inimical to the declared policies of
the State, they shall be drawn to the
proper authorities for appropriate
remedial action.
Cambridge Dictionary
● Defines a ‘’nursery/nurseries’’ as a
place where the babies and young
children are cared for.
Pursuant to Section 22 (Medical
Examination and Treatment) R.A 4670
● Known as the Magna
Carta to Public
School teachers
● Should undergo annual physical
examination free of charge not less
than once a year.
Article 3: The Teacher and The
Community
Section 1. A teacher is a facilitator of
learning and of the development of
the youth; he shall, therefore, render
the best service by providing an
environment conducive to such
learning and growth.
Section 2. Every teacher shall provide
leadership and initiative to actively
participate in community
movements for moral, social,
educational, economic and civic
betterment. Section 3. Every
teacher shall merit reasonable
social recognition for which
purpose he shall behave with honor
and dignity at all times and refrain
from such activities as gambling,
smoking, drunkenness, and other
excesses, much less illicit
relations.
Section 4. Every teacher shall live for
and with the community and shall,
therefore, study and understand
local customs and traditions in
order to have sympathetic attitude,
therefore, refrain from disparaging
the community. Section 5. Every
teacher shall help the school keep
the people in the community
informed about the school’s work
and accomplishments as well as its
needs and problems.
Section 6. Every teacher is an
intellectual leader in the community,
 especially in the barangay, and shall
welcome the opportunity to provide
such leadership when needed, to
extend counseling services, as
appropriate, and to actively be
involved in matters affecting the
welfare of the people.
Section 7. Every teacher shall maintain
harmonious and pleasant personal
and official relations with other
professionals, with government
officials, and with the people,
individually or collectively.
Section 8. A teacher possesses
freedom to attend church and
worships as appropriate but shall
not use his positions and influence
to proselyte others.
Article IX. The Teacher and Parents
Section 1. A teacher shall establish and
maintain cordial relations with
parents, and shall conduct himself to
merit their confidence and respect.
Section 2. A teacher shall inform
parents, through proper authorities,
of the progress and deficiencies of
learners under him, exercising
utmost candor and tact in pointing
out the learner's deficiencies and
in seeking parent’s cooperation for
the proper guidance and
improvement of the learners.
Section 3. A teacher shall hear parent’s
complaints with sympathy and
understanding, and shall discourage
unfair criticism.
Article VIII: The Teachers and Learners
Section 1. A teacher has a right and
duty to determine the academic
marks and the promotions of learners
in the subject or grades he handles,
provided that such determination
shall be in accordance with generally
accepted procedures of evaluation
and measurement. In case of any
complaint, teachers concerned shall
immediately take appropriate actions,
observing due process.
Section 2. A teacher shall recognize that
the interest and welfare of learners
are of first and foremost concern and
shall deal justifiably and impartially
with each of them.
Section 3. Under no circumstance shall
a teacher be prejudiced or
discriminate against a learner.
Section 4. A teacher shall not accept
favours or gifts from learners, their
parents or others in their behalf in
exchange for requested concessions,
especially if undeserved.
Section 5. A teacher shall not accept,
directly or indirectly, any
remuneration from tutorials other
what is authorized for such service.
Section 6. A teacher shall base the
evaluation of the learner’s work only
in merit and quality of academic
performance.
Section 7. In a situation where mutual
attraction and subsequent love
develop between teacher and
learner, the teacher shall exercise
utmost professional discretion to
avoid scandal, gossip and
preferential treatment of the learner.
Section 8. A teacher shall not inflict
corporal punishment on offending
learners nor make deductions from
their scholastic ratings as a
 punishment for acts which are clearly
not manifestation of poor scholarship.
Section 9. A teacher shall ensure that
conditions contribute to the maximum
development of learners are
adequate, and shall extend needed
assistance in preventing or solving
learner’s problems and difficulties.
Article V: The Teacher and the
Teaching Community
Section 1. Teachers shall, at all times,
be imbued with the spirit of
professional loyalty, mutual
confidence, and faith in one another,
self-sacrifice for the common good;
and full cooperation with colleagues.
When the best interest of the
learners, the school, or the
profession is at stake in any
controversy, teachers shall support
one another.
Section 2. A teacher is not entitled to
claim credit or work not of his own,
and shall give due credit for the work
of others which he may use.
Section 3. Before leaving his position, a
teacher shall organize for whoever
assumes the position such records
and other data as are necessary to
carry on the work.
Section 4. A teacher shall hold inviolate
all confidential information
concerning associates and the
school, and shall not divulge to
anyone documents which have not
been officially released, or remove
records from files without permission.
Section 5. It shall be the responsibility of
every teacher to seek correctives for
what may appear to be an
unprofessional and unethical conduct
of any associate. However, this may
be done only if there
incontrovertible evidence for such
conduct.
Section 6. A teacher may submit to the
proper authorities any justifiable
criticism against an associate,
preferably in writing, without violating
the right of the individual concerned.
Section 7. A teacher may apply for a
vacant position for which he is
qualified; provided that he respects
the system of selection on the basis
of merit and competence; provided,
further, that all qualified candidates
are given the opportunity to be
considered.
Article VI: The Teacher and Higher
Authorities in the Philippines
Section 1. Every teacher shall make it
his duty to make an honest effort to
understand and support the
legitimate policies of the school and
the administration regardless of
personal feeling or private opinion
and shall faithfully carry them out.
Section 2. A teacher shall not make any
false accusations or charges against
superiors, especially under
anonymity. However, if there are valid
charges, he should present such
under oath to competent authority.
Section 3. A teacher shall transact all
official business through channels
except when special conditions
warrant a different procedure, such
as when special conditions are
advocated but are opposed by
immediate superiors, in which case,
the teacher shall appeal directly to
the appropriate higher authority.
Section 4. Every teacher, individually or
as part of a group, has a right to seek
redress against injustice to the
administration and to the extent
is
possible, shall raise grievances within
acceptable democratic prossesses.
In doing so, they shall avoid
jeopardizing the interest and the
welfare of learners whose right to
learn must be respected.

Section 5. Every teacher has a right to
invoke the principle that
appointments, promotions, and
transfer of teachers are made only on
the basis of merit and needed in the
interest of the service.
Section 6. A teacher who accepts a
position assumes a contractual
obligation to live up to his contract,
assuming full knowledge of
employment terms and conditions.
Article IV: The Teacher and the
Profession
Section 1. Every teacher shall actively
insure that teaching is the noblest
profession, and shall manifest
genuine enthusiasm and pride in
teaching as a noble calling.
Section 2. Every teacher shall uphold
the highest possible standards of
quality education, shall make the best
preparations for the career of
teaching, and shall be at his best at
all times and in the practice of his
profession.
Section 3. Every teacher shall
participate in the Continuing
Professional Education (CPE)
program of the Professional
Regulation Commission, and shall
pursue such other studies as will
improve his efficiency, enhance the
prestige of the profession, and
strengthen his competence, virtues,
and productivity in order to be
nationally and internationally
competitive.
Section 4. Every teacher shall help, if
duly authorized, to seek support from
the school, but shall not make
improper misrepresentations through
personal advertisements and other
questionable means.
Section 5. Every teacher shall use the
teaching profession in a manner that
makes it dignified means for earning
a decent living.
Article XI: The Teacher as a Person
Section 1. A teacher is, above all, a
human being endowed with life for
which it is the highest obligation to
live with dignity at all times whether in
school, in the home, or elsewhere.
Section 2. A teacher shall place
premium upon self-discipline as the
primary principle of personal behavior
in all relationships with others and in
all situations.
Section 3. A teacher shall maintain at all
times a dignified personality which
could serve as a model worthy of
emulation by learners, peers and all
others.
Section 4. A teacher shall always
recognize the Almighty God as guide
of his own destiny and of the
destinies of men and nations.
Article X: The Teacher and Business
Section 1. A teacher has the right
to engage, directly or indirectly, in
legitimate income generation;
provided that it does not relate to or
adversely affect his work as a
teacher.
Section 2. A teacher shall maintain a
good reputation with respect to the
financial matters such as in the
settlement of his debts and loans in
 arranging satisfactorily his private
financial affairs.
Section 3. No teacher shall act, directly
or indirectly, as agent of, or be
financially interested in, any
commercial venture which furnish
textbooks and other school
commodities in the purchase and
disposal of which he can exercise
official influence, except only when
his assignment is inherently, related
to such purchase and disposal;
provided they shall be in accordance
with the existing regulations.
The Rights and Privileges of Teachers in
the Philippines
1987 Philippine Constitution:
● It shall ‘’assign the highest budgetary
priority to education to ensure that
teaching will attract and retain its
rightful share of the best available
talents through adequate
remuneration and other means of job
satisfaction and fulfillment’’
Commonwealth Act 578
● Amended revised the Penal Code to
include teachers, professors, and
other persons charged with the
supervision of public or duly
recognized private schools , colleges
and universities, within the
term‘’persons in authority’’
R.A 4670
● Known as Magna Carta for Public
School Teachers, details the right
privileges and benefits of teachers
such as:
1. Consent for transfer
2. Safeguards in disciplinary procedure
3. No discrimination
4. Married couples to be employed in
the same locality
5. Academic freedom
6. Not more than 6 hours of actual
classroom teaching
7. Additional compensation for activities
outside normal duties
8. Salaries comparable to other
occupations to insure teachers a
reasonable standard of life for
themselves and their families
9. Salaries appropriated by local
governments not to be less than
those paid to teachers of the national
government
10. Cost of living allowance
11. Special hardship allowances
12. Medical examination free of charge
once a year during the teachers
professional life
13. Prohibition of unauthorized deduction
from teachers salaries
14. Study leave
15. Indefinite leave
16. Salary increase upon retirement and
17. Freedom to establish or join
organization of their choice
ACRONYMS
1. ALS – Alternative Learning System
2. SHA – Special Hardship Allowance
3. CA – Commonwealth Act
4. CHED - Commission on Higher
Education
5. PRC - Professional Regulation
Commission
6. CPD - Continuing Professional
Development
7. PF- Professional Fees
8. TESDA - Technical Education and
Skills Development Authority
9. LET - Licensure Examination for
Teachers
10. PPST - Philippine Professional
Standards for Teachers
11. NCBTS - National Competency-
Based Teacher Standard
12. LPT - Licensed Professional
Teachers
13. RN - Registered Nurse
14. CPA - Certified Public Accountant
15. CEPT - Code of Ethics for
Professional Teacher
 16. TEFES - Teacher Effectiveness
Performance Evaluation System
17. NC - National Certificate
18. EDCOM - Educational Commission
19. PC - Philippine Commission
20. DPI - Department of Public Instruction
21. PNS - Philippine Normal School
22. PNC - Philippine Normal College
23. PD - Presidential Decree
24. BPT - Board of Professional Teacher
25. PQF - Philippine Qualifications
Framework
26. RA - Republic Act
27. NESC - New Elementary School
Curriculum
28. NSEC - New Secondary Education
Curriculum
29. BESRA - Basic Education Sector
Reform Agenda
30. RBEC - Revised Basic Education
Curriculum
31. NSAT - National Secondary
Assessment Test
32. NAT - National Achievement Test
33. SMART - Specific Measurable
Achievable Relevant Time-Bound
34. HOTS - Higher Order Thinking Skills
35. LOTS - Lower Order Thinking Skills
36. DepEd - Department of Education
37. PAGASA - Philippine Atmospheric
Geophysical Astronomical Services
Administration
38. MTB-MLE - Mother Tongue Based
Multilingual Education
39. OBE - Outcome Based Education
Based on the Quiz:
1. It is demanded of teachers both as
professional and as a person
Professionalism
2. It is the hallmark of a professionals
Professionalism
3. They are duly licensed professionals
who possess dignity and reputation
Teachers
4. R.A 7836, Otherwise known as
Philippine Teachers
Professionalization Act of 1994
5. It is also called a mission teaching
6. It refers to a call to do something like
to teach Vocation
7. The first Asian Teacher to win the
international Excellence in teaching
award Dr. Jossette T. Biyo
8. The greatest teacher Jesus Christ
9. The enemy of excellent mission
preparation and accomplishment
Pwede na mentality
10. During the Pre-Hispanic times men
were trained as maestro
11. The last prophet by allah called
Muhammad
12. The Normal School was run by the
Jesuits to educate male teachers in
Manila
13. During the Pre-Hispanic period, there
was no established formal schooling
in the country True
14. Soldiers that sewed as the first
teacher American Soldiers
15. King that issued a Royal Decree King
Charles
16. It is called the American soldiers who
teach many Filipinos Thomasites
17. Dean of College of Education of the
University of the Philippines Paz
Ramos
18. Offered by the Public School free
primary education
19. In recognition of the vital role of
teachers in Nation building teachers
were given an insentive
20. Universities financed by Phil.
Government pensionados
21. It was given mandatory by R.A 7836
PPST