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Muscular and skeletal systems

1) Skeletal system
• axial skeleton
• appendicular skeleton

Function
1) Provide support and protection for the body.
2) Bone marrow supports the formation of blood cells.
There are two types of marrow:
Red bone marrow: where Red and white blood cells and platelets are produced.
Yellow bone marrow consists of stored fat.
3) Storage of minerals, such as calcium and phosphorus.
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Structure

Bones: a rigid body tissue that

makes up our body skeleton
Cartilages: a strong, flexible
connective tissue that protects
joints and bones
Ligaments: elastic band of tissue
that connects bone

Bone Structure
• Compact bone: a dense outer layer of for strength and protection.
Osteon: tube-like structure found in the compact bone that contains nerves and
blood vessels.
• Spongy bone Less-dense bone is found at the center of short and flat bones
and at the ends of long bones.
Has cavities that contain bone marrow.
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Bone formation and repair

Osteoblasts and osteoclasts are special cells that help your bones grow and develop.
Osteoblasts: form new bones and add growth to existing bone tissue.

Osteoclasts dissolve old and damaged bone tissue so it can be replaced with new,
healthier cells created by osteoblasts.

2) Muscular system
Three Types of Muscle

Involuntary Involuntary muscles voluntary muscles

muscles that present only in the that cause
exist in many heart. movement
hollow internal
The cells are arranged in consists
organs such as
a web that enables the of thousands of
the stomach,
heart to beat in a muscle fibers
and intestines
rhythm. wrapped together
Smooth muscle
Cardiac muscle appears Have striations
has no striation
striated (striped) with
(stripes).
light and dark bands.

Function of muscular system

1) Movement and Support.
2) Heat generation.
3) Blood circulation.