ESTIMATION

&
COSTING
For Civil Engineers
Class -1

For Civil Engineers

 What is Civil Engineering???

Civil engineering is a professional

engineering discipline that deals with the design, construction and
maintenance of the physical and naturally built environment,
including public works such as roads, bridges, canals, dams,
airports, sewerage systems, pipelines, structural components of
buildings, and railways.
 What is Estimation & Costing?
Estimation is the process of calculating the approximate cost and
quantity of material for any project. It is always the most important
part for any project. As all the other processes, from the issuing of
Tender to preparing of design, quantity of material to final
completion of project all the things directly or indirectly
dependent on the funds we have.

In short, Construction estimators work to make the final report on

project, regarding time and cost of particular construction projects.
 Why do we need Estimation & Costing?
It helps us to decide whether rate of proposed project match
meets our funds available for the project
Avoids unwanted loss incurred in project
Helps in inviting tender and quotation to arrange contract
Gives an idea about time and its schedule of work required for
completion of project.
Thus for a project in Civil, Costing and estimation plays a crucial
role in it.
 What requirements we need to do
Estimation & Costing?
Estimation and costing in Civil deals with calculating the quantities
and its expected expenditure to be incurred from particular
project.

(1) Final plan or drawings of the project. (DRAWING)

(2) Exact details about workmanship and materials to be used in
project. (SPECIFICATION)
(3) Standard schedule of rates for the present Year.(RATES)
Land
Measurement
 Formula of Square Feet and Kani:
 17280 Square Feet = 1 Kani
 1619 Square Meter = 1 Kani
 40000 Square Links = 1 Kani
 7680 Square Hat = 1 Kani
 1936 Bargogoz = 1 Kani
 40 Acore = 1 Kani
Land Formula of Square Link, Acore
Measurement and Shotok:
1 Chain = 100 Link, So 1 Square
Chain = 100*1000 =100,000
Square Link = 1 Acore
1 Acore Or 100 Shotok = 1,00,000
Square Link
1 Shotok = 1,000 Square Link
100 Link = 66 Feet
Formula of Square Feet and
Acore:
1 Chain = 66 Feet
10 Square Chain = (66*660) or 1
Acore = 43560 Square Feet
1 Acore or 100 Shotok = 43200
Square Feet
Formula of Kani and Gonda as
Square Link:
1 Kani Or 20 Gonda = 40,000 Square
Link
1 Gonda Or 4 Kora = 2000 Square Link
1 Kora Or 3 Kanti = 500 Square Link
1 Kranti Or 20 Til = 160.66 Square Link
1 Til = 8.33 Square Link
 45 ft
From Figure –
Land Length – 45 ft
Land Width – 30 ft
So, Land Area = (45 ft * 30 ft) = 1350 sft 30 ft

Land in Decimal =(1350/435.6) = 3 Decimal

Land in Katha =(1350/720) = 1.875 Katha (Follow BNBC)
Land
Calculations From Figure –
So, Land Area = 0.5 * (30 ft * 60 ft) = 900 sft (variable)

Another process – c=80 ft

S = (a+b+c)/2 = (60+30+80)/2 = 85 ft a=60 ft
Area = √s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c) = √85(85-60)(85-30)(85-80)
=764.4 sft
Land in Decimal =(764.4/435.6) = 1.75 Decimal
Land in Katha =(764.4/720) = 1 Katha (Follow BNBC) b=30 ft
 From Figure –
Land Length (a) =(45+60)/2 = 52.5 ft 45 ft
Land Width (b) =(40 + 30)/2 = 35 ft
So, Land Area = (52.5 ft * 35 ft) = 1837.5 sft a
40 ft
30 ft
Land in Decimal =(1837.5/435.6) = 4.21 Decimal b
Land in Katha =(1837.5/720) = 2.55 Katha (Follow BNBC)

Land 60 ft
Calculations From Figure – (Another process )
S(a) = (40+65+45)/2 = 75 ft 45 ft
Area (a) = √s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c) = √75(75-40)(75-65)(75-45)
=887.41 sft a
S(b) = (60+65+30)/2 = 77.5 ft 40 ft
30 ft
Area (b) = √s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c) 65 ft
= √77.5(77.5-60)(77.5-65)(77.5-30) =897.37 sft b
Total Land Area = (887.41+897.37) = 1784.78 sft
Land in Decimal =(1784.78/435.6) = 4.09 Decimal
Land in Katha =(1784.78/720) = 2.47 Katha (Follow BNBC) 60 ft
 FAR Calculations using BNBC 2008…
Bangladesh Construction Act. 1952 (Act. No II of 1953)
 FAR Calculations using BNBC 2008…
Bangladesh Construction Act. 1952 (Act. No II of 1953)

Floor Area Ratio Calculation:- (Residential Building)

The formula of FAR= ( Total area of Floor / Area of Land (After deduction space for the road)

Total Land Area = (62 ft * 40 ft) = 2480.00 sft. = 5.69 Decimal or 3.44 Katha. (1 Decimal = 435.6 sft. ; 1 Katha = 720 sft.)
Deduction of Road = (20 ft * 8.5 ft) = 170.00 sft. (To achieve road up to (6 m* 3.28) = 20 feet. Req.)
Area of Land for FAR = (2480-170) sft = 2310.00 sft.

FAR = 3.50 (from BNBC chart page.35)

M.B.A (Maximum Building Area) =( Ground * FAR )=( 2310*3.50 )= 8085.00 sft. Length – 62 ft
M.G.C (Maximum Ground Coverage) = (Ground * M.G.C% )= (2310 sft * 62.50% )= 1443.75 sft. Width – 40 ft
No. of story =( M.B.A / M.G.C )= 8085 / 1443.75 = 5.60 storied (without GF)

Say = GF+5.60 Nos. (6 Storied Building)

 FAR Calculations using BNBC 2008…
Bangladesh Construction Act. 1952 (Act. No II of 1953)
Floor Area Ratio Calculation:- (Hospital)
The formula of FAR= ( Total area of Floor / Area of Land (After deduction space for the road)

Total Land Area = (90 ft * 60 ft) = 5400.00 sft. = 12.39 Decimal or 7.50 Katha. (1 Decimal = 435.6 sft. ; 1 Katha = 720 sft.)
Deduction of Road = (20 ft * 8.5 ft) = 170.00 sft. (To achieve road up to (6 * 3.28) = 20 feet. Req.)
Area of Land for FAR = (5400-170) sft = 5230.00 sft.

FAR = 3.25 (from BNBC chart page.38)

M.B.A (Maximum Building Area) =( Ground * FAR )=( 5230*3.25 )= 16,997.50 sft. Length – 90 ft
M.G.C (Maximum Ground Coverage) = (Ground * M.G.C% )= (5230 sft * 60% )= 3138.00 sft. Width – 60 ft
No. of story =( M.B.A / M.G.C )= 16997.5 / 3138.00 = 5.41 storied (without GF)

Say = GF+5.41 Nos. (6 Storied Building)

 FAR Calculations using BNBC 2008…
Bangladesh Construction Act. 1952 (Act. No II of 1953)
Floor Area Ratio Calculation:- (Industrial Factory)
The formula of FAR= ( Total area of Floor / Area of Land (After deduction space for the road)

Total Land Area = (120 ft * 75 ft) = 9000.00 sft. = 20.66 Decimal or 12.50 Katha. (1 Decimal = 435.6 sft. ; 1 Katha = 720 sft.)
Deduction of Road = (30 ft * 8.5 ft) = 255.00 sft. (To achieve road up to (9 * 3.28) = 30 feet. Req.)
Area of Land for FAR = (9000-255) sft = 8745.00 sft.

FAR = 3.25 (from BNBC chart page.41)

M.B.A (Maximum Building Area) =( Ground * FAR )=( 8745*3.25 )= 28,421.25 sft. Length – 120 ft
M.G.C (Maximum Ground Coverage) = (Ground * M.G.C% )= (8745 sft * 62.5% )= 5465.625 sft. Width – 75 ft
No. of story =( M.B.A / M.G.C )= 28,421.25 / 5465.625 = 5.20 storied (without GF)

Say = GF+5.20 Nos. (6 Storied Building)

 FAR Calculations using BNBC 2008…
Bangladesh Construction Act. 1952 (Act. No II of 1953)
1 Katha Land Building project possible or not:- (Residential Building)
The formula of FAR= ( Total area of Floor / Area of Land (After deduction space for the road)

Total Land = 1 katha = 720 sft. = 1.65 Decimal = √720 = 26.83 ft (1 Decimal = 435.6 sft. ; 1 Katha = 720 sft.)
Deduction of Set back:-
Length = (26 .83 ft – 5 ft) = 21.83 ft.
Width = (26.83 – 3’- 5’) = 18.83 ft Back-1.0 m (3’)

Side-0.8 m (2.5’)

Side-0.8 m (2.5’)
Area of Land = (21.83 ft * 18.83 ft) = 411.05 sft.
FAR = 3.15 (from BNBC chart page.35)
M.B.A (Maximum Building Area) =( Land * FAR )=( 411.05*3.15 )= 1294.8075 sft. Length – 21.83 ft
M.G.C (Maximum Ground Coverage) = (Land * M.G.C% )= (411.05 sft * 67.5% ) Width – 18.83 ft
= 277.458 sft.
No. of story =( M.B.A / M.G.C )= 1294.8075 / 277.458 = 4.66 storied (without GF)

Per Floor Area = (M.B.A/Story) = (1294.8075/5) = 258.96 sft. ~ 259 sft Front-1.5 m (5’)
Say = GF+5 Floor (6 Storied Building)
 FAR Calculations using BNBC 2008…
Bangladesh Construction Act. 1952 (Act. No II of 1953)
 FAR Calculations using BNBC 2008…
Bangladesh Construction Act. 1952 (Act. No II of 1953)

Floor Area Ratio Calculation:- (Using Set Back)

The formula of FAR= Total area of Floor / Area of Land (After deduction space for the road)

Existing Road = 6.10 m wide

Proposed Road = 7.62 m wide
Total Land Area = (19.15 m * 12.19 m) = 233.49 sqm. or 3.50 Katha. (1 sqm = 10.7639 sft. ; 1 Katha = 720 sft.)
Surrender for Road = 0.76 m
Surrender for Land Area =(0.76*12.19) = 9.26 sqm.
Net Land Area = (233.49-9.26) = 224.23 sqm.

Basic FAR = 3.50 [(7.62- 6.10) = 1.52*3.28 = 5 ft] [ Note – 1ft = 0.o5 FAR ; So, 5 ft = 0.25 FAR]
 FAR Calculations using BNBC 2008…
Bangladesh Construction Act. 1952 (Act. No II of 1953)
Floor Area Ratio Calculation:- (Using Set Back)
The formula of FAR= ( Total area of Floor / Area of Land (After deduction space for the road)

So, Allowable FAR = ( 3.50 + 0.25) = 3.75 FAR

M.B.A (Maximum Building Area) =( Ground * FAR )=( 224.23*3.75 )= 840.86 sqm.
M.G.C (Maximum Ground Coverage) = (Ground * M.G.C% )= (224.23 sqm * 62.5% )= 140.14 sqm.
No. of story =( M.B.A / M.G.C )= 840.86 / 140.14 = 6.00 storied (without Ground Floor)
Total Floor = GF+ 6 Floor = 7 story Building

Note:-
Per Floor Area = (M.B.A/Story) = (840.86/7) = 120 sqm. Or 1291 sft.
Total Floor = GF+ 7 Floor = 8 story Building

When Unit Size 60 sqm to 90 sqm 1 Car parking (for every 4 units) 1 Motor Cycle (for every 5 units)
Thank you
For learning with us.