CHAPTER 3

➢ Expresses the idea that, the maintenance of peace

and order, the protection of life, liberty, and
property, and promotion of the general welfare are
essential for the enjoyment by all the people of the
blessings of democracy (Article II, Section 5)
➢It states that the State shall establish and maintain
one police force, which shall be national in scope
and civilian in character, to be administered and
controlled by a national police commission.
➢ RA 7160 otherwise known as the Local Government
Code 1991 was enacted into law, transferring control
and responsibility of delivering basic services to the
hands of local government units (LGU).
➢ This code establishes the system and defines powers
of provincial, city, municipal and barangay
governments in the Philippines.
➢ RA 6975 is also known as the Department of the Interior and
Local Government Act of 1990 (R.A. 6975, Section 1, 1990).
➢ It aims to bolster a system of coordination and cooperation
among the citizenry, local executives and the integrated law
enforcement and public safety agencies, in order to promote
peace and order, ensure public safety and further strengthen
local government capability (RA 6975, Section 2, 1990)
➢ This executive order created the
National Peace and Order Council
(NPOC); and the Local Peace and Order
Councils, in order to be fully
coordinated to effectively prevent and
suppress criminality and to maintain
public order and safety in the land.
➢ This executive order amended the
EO 309 of 1987 and created the
Barangay Peace and Order
Committees, to serve as the
implementing arm of the Local
Government Peace and Order Council
at the barangay level.
➢ This law paved the way for the
institutionalization of the proactive
Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management (DRRM).
➢ DRRM approach is the systematic
process of using administrative
directives, organizations, and
operational skills and capacities to
implement strategies, policies and
improved coping capacities in order to
lessen the adverse impacts of hazards
and the possibility of disaster.
➢ This law establishes the National
Council for Civil Aviation Security
(NCCAS) formerly known as National
Action Committee on Anti-Hijacking and
Anti-Terrorism (NACAHT) (EO 336, 2001,
Section 1).
➢ NCCAS serves as mechanism primarily
to contain threats of aviation-related
terrorism and secondarily to strengthen
law enforcement capabilities to
effectively address all forms of
terroristic acts against civil aviation.
 ➢ The Philippines subscribes to all
international conventions and
These principles where highlighted on initiatives against terrorism and
the Memorandum order No. 121 of 2000, as will participate in all endeavors
part of Government’s effort to modify and
improve policies that address crisis designed to strengthen
situations arising from terrorism. international cooperation in
order to prevent and neutralize
terroristic acts.
➢ The government must utilize
➢ The government must ensure
and exhaust all peaceful means that it fully maximizes the
in seeking a resolution to a National Peace and Order Council
crisis, this is to prevent or at (NPOC) through the Crisis
least minimize, the loss of life Management Committees.
and destruction of property.
➢ The government considers all
terrorist actions, regardless of
motivation, as criminal acts,
these acts are prosecuted and
penalized under the Revised Penal
Code and appropriate special
laws.
➢ The government must not fall to
blackmail or demands. Terrorists
must be prevented or be denied from
benefiting from the fruits of their
crime (MO 121, 2000, Section 1).
➢ All government personnel
responding to any crisis
situation shall at all times
respect human rights of people,
including those of suspects of
terrorist activities (MO 121, 2000,
Section 1).
➢ All terrorist-based crises are generally
police matters and shall be handled as
such unless the situation escalates
into that which requires a higher unit
of authority to carry out the
government’s Anti- Terrorism Policy.
➢ The government shall ensure the
prudent handling of information
➢ The safety of victims and civilians
to and from the media by
conducting advocacy steps to
effectively convey its position.
shall be the government’s primordial
concern in the resolution of a crisis.
In situations involving foreign
nationals, the government shall act in
accordance with its policies, and
maintain close contact and
coordination with the foreign
government/s concerned (MO 121,
2000, Section 1).
 These principles are indicated in the R.A. 11479 of 2020 or the Anti-Terrorism Act of 2020

The condemnation of terrorism as

The protection of life, liberty, inimical and dangerous to the
and property from terrorism; national security of the country and
to the welfare of the people; and

The treatment of any act of terrorism as a

crime against the Filipino people, against
humanity, and against the Laws of Nations.
 The Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010, lays
down the policies of the Philippine Government in dealing with natural
disasters. It is found in Republic Act 10121, 2010, Section 2, they are as follows:

1. Upholding the people’s constitutional rights to life and property by addressing

the root causes of vulnerabilities to disasters, strengthening the country’s
institutional capacity disaster risk reduction and management and building the
resilience of local communities to disasters.

2. Adherence to the universal norms, principles and standards of humanitarian

assistance and the global effort on risk reduction as an expression of country’s
commitment to overcome human sufferings.
3. Incorporation of internationally accepted principles of disaster risk
management in the creation and implementation of national, regional, local
sustainable development and poverty reduction strategies.
4. Creation of disaster risk reduction and management approach that is holistic,
comprehensive, integrated, and proactive in lessening the socioeconomic and
environmental impacts of disasters.

5. Development and implementation of a comprehensive National Disaster Risk

Reduction and Management Plan (NDRRMP) that aims to strengthen the capacity of
the national government and the local government units (LGUs), together with
partner stakeholders.
6. Adoption and implementation of a coherent, efficient and responsive disaster risk
reduction program incorporated in the development plan at various levels of
government adhering to the principles of good governance within the context of
poverty alleviation and environmental protection.

7. Mainstream disaster risk reduction and climate change in development processes

such as policy formulation, socio economic development planning, budgeting, and
governance.

8. Ensure that disaster risk reduction and climate change measures are gender
responsive, sensitive to indigenous knowledge systems, and respectful of human
rights.
9. Recognition of the local risk patterns across the country and strengthen the
➢ The Philippine National Police (PNP) is the
forefront of crisis situations, it plays an
essential and active role in crisis management
in the country. PNP accomplished this role by
organizing its own Incident Management
Committee (IMC) in support of the NPOC and
NDRRMC.
➢ The Secretary of the Interior and Local
Government (SILG) is designated as the Cabinet
- Officer Primarily Responsible (C-OPR) for
threats to peace and order. The SILG also act
as the Vice Chairman on Disaster
Preparedness, NDRRMC.
 ➢ According to the Revised Philippine National Police Operational Procedures (2013), there are two
types of incident to be handled. They are as follows:
Man-made Incidents
Natural/Disaster Incidents
These are incidents induced by man, to which
the PNP is tasked to respond in two different
situations.
❑ The PNP shall act as the first
a.) Managing an incident that can be resolved by the
responder in the affected area in order
responding policemen without Crisis Management
to provide area security and support to
Committee (CMC) involvement; example: Hostage
the conduct of search and rescue
taking of a father to his son.
operations to be spearheaded by the
b.) Managing an incident that entails CMC – directed
area Disaster Risk Reduction
operations, which in turn, require the
Management Committee (DRRMC)
implementation of special tasks by one or more of
the urgent services of the Philippine government.
 They are as follows:
Level 1 (Low)
The Revised Philippine National Police Level 2 (Moderate)
Operational Procedure (2013) posits Four
Alert Levels during Human-Induced (Man- Level 3 (High)
Made Nation Critical Incident. The
Appropriate man-made critical incident Level 4 (Extreme)
alert shall be disseminated to all concerned
offices through the PNP Operations Center
(NOC)
 The Revised Philippine National Police Operational Procedures (2013), introduced
Three levels/ Stages in Natural Disaster Management. They are as follow:
Level 1-Green/ Pre-Disaster Stage
a. Conduct of Risk Mapping and identification of disaster-prone areas;
b. Identification of staging areas, evacuation routes and evacuation centers;
c. Conduct of disaster drills (earthquake, fire, etc) simulation exercises trainings.
d. Holding of regular task Groups and sub-Task Group meetings together with
respective levels of the national disaster risk . Reduction and Management
councils.
e. Capability enhancement (Manpower, Machine, materials, Money and Methods.
f. Production and distribution of information Education Campaign materials,
and
g. Conduct of community organizational work for various purposes such as;
i. Sewage clean up
ii. De-clogging of water ways, canals, esteros.
iii. Clearing of squatters shanties and unauthorized occupants in disaster
prone areas; and
iv. Other community mobilization activities
Level 2 – Red/Disaster Response Stage
➢ It is when there is an official forecast of an incoming natural disaster in the
country and when an unexpected natural disaster suddenly occurs in the
country. This is where the Disaster Incident Management activities are done,
such as:
a. Activation of Disaster Incident Management Task Groups in areas expected to be
hit by the weather disturbance twenty-four (24) hours prior to the expected landfall
or occurrence;
b. Employment of alarm and warning systems as stipulated under DILG MC 2009-
165, such as the use of police sirens and other portable warning systems capable of
producing loud wailing sound;
c. Activation of the PNP Disaster incident Management Committee;
d. Coordination with NDRRMC to support its disaster response;
e. Activation of PNPSCDM National Disaster Operations Center (NDOC) to be co-
located at the NHQ PNP National Operations Center;
f. Activation of Command Post by Task Groups whose area is hit by the disaster;
g. Forced relocation/pre-emptive evacuation of residents in flood-prone areas in
coordination with corresponding LDRRC; and
h. Conduct of timely and rapid disaster response according to the needs in the
disaster/calamity area such as search & rescue operation, evacuation & relief
operation, emergency medical services, and security & traffic management
operation in support and coordination with NDRRMC.
Level 3- White/ Post-Disaster Stage
➢ It is when the Natural disaster is officially over, and Support to Recovery and
Rehabilitation Efforts are being done, these activities includes
a. Get reports from concerned Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council
the Damage Assessment and Needs Analysis of the affected areas;
b. Deployment of relief personnel for relief operations;
c. Provide security and traffic assistance to returning evacuees;
d. Submit After Disaster Response Report to C, PNP copy furnished DRRMC; and
e. De-activation of the PNP SCDM by the C, PNP through the Chairman/Task
Coordinator, PNP SCDM when the situation is already manageable in a disaster-
stricken area.