KALIMPONG

The Nest of Smiles

KALIMPONG
The Nest of Smiles

Presented by
Dr. Vishwanath, I.A.S.
District Magistrate, Kalimpong
 Printed in Darpan Publication Pvt Ltd.
Sevoke Road, 2nd Mile, Siliguri
and
Published by Dr. Vishwanath, I.A.S.
District Magistrate, Kalimpong

On behalf of the Kalimpong District Administration,

Government of West Bengal.

Released on 14th February 2018

on the auspicious occasion of the
1ST ANNIVERSARY OF THE KALIMPONG DISTRICT FORMATION
by the Honourable Chief Minister of West Bangal,
Miss Mamata Banerjee.

Special Thanks to
Shri Sandip C Jain
for Content & Concept

Design by
Bickey Pradhan

No part of this book may either be reproduced, transmitted or used for

any purpose without the written permission of the Author.
 KALIMPONG The Nest of Smiles

Kalimpong with its enchanting beauty, glorious views, richness of heritage, diversity of
culture and intriguing past awaits all its visitors and tourists with open arms, beckoning them
to come and fall in love with the splendors that it offers.

The lush green Hills, the varied flora and fauna and the superlative view of the Himalayan
range entices thousands of tourists who visit Kalimpong each tourist season. One of the
prettiest destinations in the region, Kalimpong offers its visitors a complete package and a
holiday of a life time. Besides offering many delightful tourists spots, within the town and
across the district, Kalimpong also presents before its visitors a complete tourist bouquet
where there is something for every category of visitor. Trekking, mountain biking, rafting,
paragliding, angling and camping are new additions to Kalimpong's charm.

The world famous orchid nurseries of Kalimpong and the pretty heritage bungalows that dot
the town and surroundings are a special attraction so too are the various picnic and excursion
spots which are sure to provide a relaxed pleasurable holiday.

With the up gradation of Kalimpong into a District, Kalimpong is now set to emerge into a
major destination in the National and International tourist map, and I on behalf of the
District Administration, Government of West Bengal and the people of Kalimpong invite
you to come and enjoy all that Kalimpong offers.

Dr. Vishwanath, I.A.S.

District Magistrate, Kalimpong
TOURIST SPOTS OF KALIMPONG

Map & Graphics by - Panicker Hari Shanker, IAS, ADM, Kalimpong


T
T he tag of “God's own country” may lie with
Kerala in the tourist maps, but visitors to
this serene and breathtakingly beautiful
little town will beg to differ. With lush green valleys, a
panoramic view of the Eastern Himalayan ranges, the
snow-clad Kanchenjunga kissing the blue sky, the mild
weather and the relaxed atmosphere, Kalimpong
undoubtedly is a place where tourists can have a holiday of a
lifetime. Far from the maddening crowds, away from the
hustle and bustle of city life, Kalimpong offers its visitors a
vacation unlike any other.
The name of the town itself suggests a place
synonymous with fun and laughter, relaxation and peace,
gaiety and harmony. The word Kalimpong in the Lepcha
KALIMPONG
language (Lepchas are the original inhabitants of the region)
roughly translates into “Ridges where we play”. It is believed that
in the early stages of the development of the town, tribesmen
used to assemble in the beautiful town for recreation. Now, after
centuries of development and refinement of its infrastructure,
the town is without doubt one of the most likeable tourist
destinations in North East India.
Historically a part of the Sikkimese Empire, Kalimpong
was later overrun by the Bhutanese before finally being annexed
by the British in 1865. First mapped and developed by the then
British government, Kalimpong has come a long, long way with
all civic and modern amenities required of a major hill station in
place.
P.C - Nirpen Ghatani
01
The Bhutanese rulers may have left a 150 years ago, but their
imprint still remains. Their colourful cultural influence is a
magnet for those fascinated by Bhutanese culture and
architecture. In fact, Kalimpong has had this wonderful ability
to soak in all the positive attributes of its past masters. It has
managed to turn itself into a town, small though it may be,
that flaunts its past glory: the colonial bungalows rub
shoulders with traditional Nepalese, Bhutanese, Tibetan and
Lepcha architecture. Swaddling these cottages and bungalows
are picture postcard hills with the majestic Kanchenjunga
towering over the other major Himalayan peaks and providing
a panoramic backdrop. On a clear day, an almost 360° view of
the snowline and the pine-draped hills can be had from almost
any part of the town.
Kalimpong is a holiday destination for people who are
looking for a break from the stressful life of the cities. The
quaint surroundings, the lush green hills, the terraced
agricultural fields, the relaxed lifestyle and the crisp mountain
air is what tourists actually find pleasure in. It is easily
accessible at a mere 60 km from Siliguri. Bagdogra airport
connects you to all major cities in the country. Moreover, since
it is located in the centre of the Darjeeling-Sikkim region,
Kalimpong is the ideal place to station oneself in during a tour
of the region. Darjeeling, Gangtok, Siliguri, Pelling,
Lolaygoan, Rishab and Lava are all within a driving time of 2-3
hours with accommodations widely available to suit all
budgets.
Within Kalimpong, Deolo Hill (5850 feet) offers an
unparalleled view of the surrounding valleys and hills of
South, West and East Sikkim, the mighty Teesta and Relli
rivers meandering along and the towering snowline. The
monasteries within the town are a goldmine on the literature,
culture, tradition and history of the region. One of the
monasteries here, the Tongsa Gumpa constructed in 1692, is
believed to be the oldest in the region. The Relli River, 11 km
from town, is another place where visitors can enjoy a picnic
or a short hike.
Kalimpong's true joy lies in its embrace of the
diversity of it's local cultures, traditions and heritage. The
Maruni Dance, the Saurathi Dance, The Mask Dance, The
Yak Dance and other traditional dance forms along with
traditional musicians who play the Naumati Baja, the nine
traditional musical instruments played during auspicious
occasions, are some of Kalimpong's special attractions.
Kalimpong's plant nurseries, world-renowned for
their variety and quality are a delight for all plant lovers. An
incredible selection of orchids, flowers, climbers and indoor
plants greet visitors to these nurseries, tempting many to
come back just to spend some more time in this floral
paradise.
Kalimpong is still a sleepy little town, largely
untouched by the aggressive commercialization that has crept
into adjacent towns. It still retains its rustic charm despite
being one of the major towns of the region.
“Educating young minds” may well be Kalimpong's
forte. Boasting some of the oldest and most sought after
schools in North East India, Kalimpong is host to thousands
of students from across the country as well as from Nepal,
Bhutan, Bangladesh and even Thailand. Many leaders in their
respective professions across the country (and abroad) have
spent their formative years here.
Adventure tourism too is slowly making an entry into
the town with trekking, rafting and rock climbing being
offered. The town lies at a moderate elevation of 1200 meters
and offers some spectacular mid-altitude treks in the region.
One need not be a seasoned trekker to enjoy them as most are
modest treks that can be undertaken by a novice.
The colonial past of the town can best be enjoyed by
visiting some of the fabulous bungalows constructed by the
British. Kalimpong has scores of colonial bungalows dotting
its residential areas. The cottages of Dr. Grahams Homes (the
biggest and the oldest school of the town) are a prime
example. The 127-year old Macfarlane Church that looms
over the Kalimpong skyline is another masterpiece of
Scottish architecture.
Kalimpong stands tall among all the other hill stations
of the region only because it has always dared to be different.
Come enjoy the difference!
01
 ETYMOLOGY
H
H
istorians and scholars have put forward various meanings of the word Kalimpong. Mr. K. P. Tamsang who
wrote the highly informative book, The Unknown and Untold Reality About The Lepcha's opines that the
original name is 'Kalenpung' which in the Lepcha language means “Hillock of Assemblage”. He suggests that
this name was distorted in the course of time into 'Kaleebung' and later into Kalimpong. Another meaning of Kalimpong is
“Ridges where we play”. The Tibetan translation of the word, Kalimpong, is “The Stockade of King Ministers” from the two
Tibetan words 'Kalon' meaning Kings and Ministers and 'Pong' meaning Stockade. Some Tibetan Scholars translate 'Pong' as
assembly, in which case Kalimpong would mean “Assembly of Kings and Ministers”. The hill people also call Kalimpong as
'Kalibong” or the Black Spurs. However, the meaning that has found the most favour is “Ridges where we play”. It is said that
Lepcha tribesmen used to organize field sports here when not engaged in agricultural pursuits hence the name.

P.C - Kalimpong KODAK

01
 EARLY HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT
TT
he earliest recorded history of Kalimpong is
small and hazy. It was only after the Anglo-
Bhutan War in 1864 that the history of
Kalimpong was recorded. Prior to this, some records are
available on the history of Kalimpong but these records are
very contradictory and are almost impossible to authenticate.
It was only after the Treaty of Sinchula on 11th November
1865 that Kalimpong came to be a place of some importance
and prominence.
In spite of the different theories put forward by the
various scholars and historians, one thing about the history of
Kalimpong is certain: that it was a part of the Sikkimese or
'Donzong' kingdom which basically was inhabited by three
major communities - the Lepchas (who called themselves the
'Rong' or the Ravine folk), the Bhutias and the Limbus
(Tshongs). The first Chogyal (Divine Ruler) of Sikkim is
believed by scholars, to have brought a consolidated rule over
the whole of Sikkim which also included the area now known
to be Kalimpong.
One of the later rulers, Tensung Namgyel (born in
1664 and enthroned in 1670) married three times. The first
wife, a Tibetan, bore him a daughter, Pende Amo. The second
wife, a Sikkimese, bore him a son Chador Namgyel, and the
third wife was the daughter of a Limbu king. Chador
Namgyel, (born in 1686) succeeded his father in 1700, as a
mere child of 14 years. This offended his half sister Pende
Amo, who not only was older but was also the first child of the
royal family. She executed an invasion by the Bhutanese who
overran the kingdom with the child king having to flee to
Tibet.
In 1706, Chador Namgyel, now a young man,
returned to Sikkim and the Bhutanese were forced to evacuate
all of the kingdom west of the river Teesta, though the
Bhutanese still maintained their position at the fort of
Damsong and retained the area of the kingdom east of the
mighty Teesta River. The area still under the Bhutanese rulers
01
 was basically the area of present day Kalimpong.
This area in these earlier times was known as Dalimkot and
Kalimpong was the name of a very small village which had as
its citizens two or three families with 8-9 cows. This village
was considered so insignificant that the Ashley Eden of the
Bengal Civil Service, made just a flying reference to the
village of Kalimpong, in his report to the Secretary to the
Government of India. Incidentally, as per the present
records available, this was the first time any official reference
was made about Kalimpong.
The next reference made about Kalimpong in history, was by
Surgeon Rennie, in his book Bhotan and the story of the
Dooar War. He too did not find it important enough to show
Kalimpong on the map in his book.
After the Anglo-Bhutan War of 1864 and the Treaty
of Sinchula which was signed the following year, the entire
area east of the Teesta River as well as the Doars was ceded
to British India and this ceded area was attached to the
Western Doars District. In the following year, this area was
transferred to the District of Darjeeling. It was only after this
that Kalimpong was set on the development track.
Some of the important reasons for the sudden
development of Kalimpong were:
1. Kalimpong become an important centre for
trade with Tibet due to the closeness of the town to the Jelepla
Pass which allowed access to Central Tibet.
2. The British government decided to open up
Kalimpong as an alternative Hill Station to Darjeeling.
3. The coming of the Scottish Missionaries who
did significant work for the development of
Kalimpong, and
4. T h e B r i t i s h G ove r n m e n t o p e n e d u p
Kalimpong for settlers from Nepal who came in large
numbers and with their hard work and skill made
Kalimpong what it is today.
Kalimpong offered easy access to the Chumbi Valley of
Tibet via the Jelepla Pass, which is about a 100 km away from
Kalimpong town. Hence trade with Tibet was channelized
through Kalimpong. Musk, wool, fur, food grains, etc, that were
carried on mules, were traded in Kalimpong. This sudden
economic prosperity of the town attracted the plainsmen and
others to flock into Kalimpong. The decision to develop
Kalimpong as a hill station too prompted, well-to-do families
from the plains and as well as British Officers to frequent and
build summer cottages in Kalimpong.
Caravan of Bullock Cart Near
Novelty Line 1922
01
Top : Old Silk Route- Mule Caravan
carrying Wool from
Tibet To Kalimpong

Middle : Wool Sorting & Packing,

Lachmandas Ramchandra
Wool Merchant

Bottom : Main Road Kalimpong

Facing Page: Nepali Lady

01
01
 Top : Pillow fight on horses at
Mela Ground Kalimpong

Middle : Finished Cane products

of Blind School

Bottom : Town hall Kalimpong

01
 The Scottish Missionaries too played a big part in the development of Kalimpong by starting various primary schools
and welfare centers in Kalimpong. The Scottish University Mission Institution was started in 1886 and in a few years time, the
Kalimpong Girls High School was established. In the year 1900, Rev. J. A. Graham, founded the present Dr. Graham's Homes,
which was aimed to be a school cum orphanage for destitute Anglo-Indian children. All these attracted people into Kalimpong
in large numbers and by 1907, it was no longer the same old Kalimpong. By 1911 it had an official population of 7880 people.
Kalimpong was made a sub-division in the year 1916.
The economic development of Kalimpong took a back seat following the Chinese aggression in 1962 after which trade
through Jelepla was closed. Today, Kalimpong relies mostly on the business generated by the educational institutes, tourism and
agriculture but it still retains its peaceful and relaxed way of life.
The 2011 census puts the population of Kalimpong sub-division at 2,51,642 while the population of the town is 49,403.
In 2017, the Honourable Chief Minister of West Bengal, out of genuine love and appreciation for Kalimpong,
upgraded Kalimpong into a district after which it has been put on the fast track to development.

01
 Chart Showing Time Taken By Road

Yuksum

Ranipool

01
 B
B
asing ones stay in Kalimpong while visiting the Sikkim-Darjeeling region is distinctly advantageous due to its
convenient location. Kalimpong is the most centrally located town in the region. Siliguri, Darjeeling, Gangtok,
Pelling, Lava and Lolaygoan are all equidistant from here. Travel time from Kalimpong to Darjeeling,
Gangtok or Pelling takes approximately 2 to 2 ½ hours. But if the visitor is based in, say, Darjeeling, then a trip to Gangtok
would take almost 4 ½ hours. About the same time would be taken to travel to Pelling or Lava or Lolaygoan as well. (See Chart).
Much time and energy is wasted traveling between destinations, leaving the guest tired and with little time for leisure or for
sightseeing.
In addition to being centrally located, Kalimpong has a much milder climate compared to Darjeeling and Gangtok
where the winters can be uncomfortably cold. Kalimpong boasts many fine hotels, lodges and homestays that offer excellent
service for all categories of travellers.

01
 GENERAL INFORMATION
Area 1056.5 Sq. Km

Population (Town) 49,403 (2011 Census)

Population (District) 2,51,642 (2011 Census)

Altitude (Bazaar) 1250 mts.

Climate Summer: Max – 27 C, Min – 16 C

Winter : Max – 17 C, Min – 5C

Tourist season Mid-February to June

October to mid-December

Languages spoken English, Nepali, Hindi

People Gorkhas, Lepchas, Tibetans, Marwaris, Bengalis and Biharis

STD Code 3552

Distance from major cities Siliguri – 68 kms, 2 ½ hours

and time taken by road Darjeeling – 55 kms, 2 ½ hours
Gangtok – 72 kms, 3 hours
Bagdogra – 80 kms, 3 hours
New Jalpaiguri – 75 kms, 3 hours

01

SS
ituated at a height of 1250 metres and between a
latitude of 26o 51' and 27o 12' and at a longitude
88o 53' E,Kalimpong has a mild and temperate
climate. This is it's distinct advantage over it's neighbouring
towns. Themaximum summer temperature is 27o C and the
minimum 16oC.Temperatures in winter hover between a high
of 17oC and a low of 5oC. The average annual rainfall is 220
cm.
Like the rest of India, Kalimpong has five distinct
seasons. Spring from March through April, summer in May
and June, monsoon from mid-June to September, autumn in
October and November and winter months stretch between
CLIMATE
December and February. The best season to visit Kalimpong
is during spring and autumn.
The typical rainy season is marked by heavy
downpours and long, persistent drizzles. An umbrella or a
rain jacket is a must however clear the sky may appear in the
morning.
The climate of Kalimpong during the spring and
autumn season is perfect for a relaxed and cool holiday. The
mild sunshine, the cool breeze, clear skies and the moderate
temperature is ideal for short walks and excursions. Outdoor
life can best be enjoyed in this weather
01
 THE FLORA AND FAUNA OF KALIMPONG
O
O
f the sixteen hotspot zones in the world,
two of them fall in India – the Western
Ghats and the Eastern Himalayas.
Kalimpong is a precious part of the Eastern Himalayas and
boasts a rich bio-diversity. The Neora Valley National Park
(88 sq. km), on the north-eastern face of the district with its
dense subtropical and impenetrable temperate forest, is a
national asset. There are six natural subtropical forests
beginning at different zones:
 Mongpong (from Tiger Bridge), continuing to
Lish, Guling and Nazoke
 Chunabhatti, stretching to Nimbong.
 Pubung-Mangzing stretching to Gitdabling,
 Dalimkot-Gourbathan, extending to Samsing
and above
 Kumai, taking its route to Rongo and above and
 Jholung Paren to Todey, via Godak.
The Tarkhola and the forests along the eastern
flank of river Teesta are connected to Neora Valley
through Munsong, Damsang-Algarah and Paktham-
Lahba. The second connectivity of forests begin at
Chunabhatti (Bagrakote)-Pubung and continues through
Nimbong, Pemling, Lolaygaon and Lahba to join Neora
Valley. The forests of Ambiok-Dalimkot (Gourbathan),
Samsing, Kumai, Rongo, Paaren-Godak and Todey Tangta
skirt the national park on the south-eastern flank.
01
 At the foot of Kalimpong, along the river banks of saprophytic herbs of the humus soil of the deep forest,
Relli and Teesta, the rain forests can be observed containing Balanophora and Monotropa are available in this forest. The
the species Acacia (Khair), Meliosma Pinnata (Dabdabe), notable names of vegetational wealth include Rhododendron
Albizia (Siris) and Dalbergia (sissoo). The lofty sal trees and spp, Tsuga dumosa, Taxus buccata, Helwingia himalaica, Paris
the intermixed species of Terminalia, Largerstroemia Polyphylla, Polygonatum spp, Arasaema spp. Smilax spp, etc.,
parviflora, and Dillenia from the sal forest lie in the lower hills. and they form the integral part of this upper forest.
The tropical mixed forests in this zone show the presence of
Tetrameles (Maina), Beilschmiedia (Tarsing), Macarange
(Malata), along with the undergrowths. The subtropical
forests, mostly deciduous, extending to an altitude of 1800m,
are home to species like Gynocardia odrata (Gante),
Callicarpa (Guenlo), Duabanga (Lampate), Terminalia (Saj),
Phyllanthus (Amala), Cinamomum (Tejpat), Engelhardia
(Mauwa) and Ficus (Khaniun). The beauty of these forests
has been enhanced by the magnificent and lofty climbers like
Entada (Pangra), Tinospora (Gurjo, Combretum (Thakauli),
Mucuna (Kaoso & Baldengra), Cissus (Charchare).
The popular bio-diversity and typical Himalayan flora
is exhibited by the evergreen temperate forests. The
temperate ranges cover the forests of Algarah, Charkhola-
Lolaygaon, Damsang, Thosum, Todey Tangta and continue
above to the Rachela peak, the tri-junction of Sikkim, Bhutan
and Kalimpong. Floristically, this climatic border is marked by
the presence of certain species like Leucoceptrum canum
(Ghurpis), Edgeworthia gardneri (Argeli), Rapidophora
(Kanchirno), Thunbergia, Agapetes, etc. There are about About 300 species of orchids have been reported in
seven species of Rhododendrons in the Neora Valley, some this part of the Himalayas. Some of the popular orchids
of them forming a pure (monoculture) forest at the peak of available here are Paphiopedilium, Pleone, Orchis,
Rachela. Species like Rhododendron arboreum, Magnolia Herminium, Oberonia, Liparis, Coelogyne, Dendrobium,
campbellii, Alcimandra cathcartii, Abutilon indicum, Cymbidium, etc. along with the common ground orchids like
Mussaenda treutlerii and others can be seen along the ridges Habenaria, Satyrium, etc.
of Labha, Gumbadara, Jhandi, Damsang, Todey Tangta and The faunal diversity of this region is another
above and they are popular with explorers. The evergreen interesting asset. There is record of about 130 mammals, 550
patches of Pinus, Thuja and Cryptomeria can be seen along birds, 125 freshwater fish, 51 reptiles, 25 amphibians, 43
the roadsides of Labha and Kafer. moths and 24 butterflies in the district of Darjeeling. The
The common trees of this temperate forests are wildlife of Kalimpong is enriched by the presence of
Quercus lamellose (Oak), Betula alnoides (Birch), Acer spp. endangered species like the red panda and munal pheasant,
(Maple), Alnus napalensis (Alder), Lyonia, Castanopsis, Himalayan black bear, clouded leopard tiger, Himalayan tahr,
Lithocarpus, Sorbus, Llex, etc. The upper ridges of this zone goral, gaur and pangolin at widely different altitudes. The
are often dominated by the thickets of Arundinaria maling forest belts host the Siberian weasel, today cat, Asiatic black
and allied spp. Neora Valley is host to a number of plants of bear, common India leopard, barking bear, Indian bison,
tremendous botanical value. The highly endangered moupan hare and Himalayan squirrels.
 TOURISM
K
K
alimpong is one of the most sort
after tourist destinations in the State
of West Bengal. The beautiful
views that it commands along with the rich flora and
fauna of this District, is a magnet for travelers from
across the world. It's very interesting history and the
diversity and richness of its culture and heritage
makes Kalimpong a must visit destination.
The District is endowed with many
wonderful tourist spots, most of which are still not
too well known in the tourist maps. The remoteness
of the interiors of the District and the mesmerizing
beauty of the county-side offer the visitors a visual
and mental treat. The lush green country side and the
terraced valleys all around make Kalimpong a
favourite with all those who visit it.
Unlike Darjeeling, which was developed as a tourist
resort since its establishment, Kalimpong was a
comparative late comer into the Tourist Maps. The
English initially developed Kalimpong more as an
agricultural region but in 1913, after an application by
a certain Mr. Korb, the then Government started to
permit the building of tourist infrastructures in the
town and the surrounding areas.
Over the years many beautiful tourist spots, both in
the town as well as in the District, have come up for
tourists to enjoy the breathtaking beauty of the place.
Coupled with the richness and diversity of its culture
and heritage these tourist spots are sure to win the
hearts of every visitor to Kalimpong.
 HERITAGE TOURS
E
E
ver since the days when the Trade route to
Tibet passed through Kalimpong, this town
has been a meeting ground for various
cultures, communities and religions. It has been known the
world over for its transcultural encounters. Missionaries,
in the region.
Its rich cultural and religious heritage allows visitors to
Kalimpong the unique opportunity not just to experience
firsthand the uniqueness of the cultural diversity in this part
of the world but also to learn and appreciate them.
Traders, Educationalists, Scholars and Explorers from across
the World frequented Kalimpong and many made it their
home, each leaving behind a legacy and footprint which still is
amply visible. All these make Kalimpong a place like no other

Kalimpong Teesta Bridge

 T he Gurkha community as such includes
various tribes like the Rai, Limbu, Gurung,
Newar, Tamangs, Chettris, Kami, Damai,
Sarki, Sherpa, Yolmo, Magar and Bhujel to name a few and
each of these tribes has a distinct culture, tradition and history.
pockets of Kalimpong. The richness and diversity of local
culture and tradition can best be enjoyed by visitors to
Kalimpong. The Lepchas, the indigenous tribe of the region,
have a very unique and rich cultural and traditional heritage
and Kalimpong is the place where it can be seen and enjoyed at
Each have different Dance forms, fooding habits, traditional the fullest.
attires and Folk songs etc. all these can be enjoyed in different
 RELIGIOUS TOURS
K
K
alimpong is unique for its religious heritage.
This can best be amplified by the fact that
the oldest Church, Hindu temple and
Mosque in Kalimpong are a stone-throw distance from each
other. These religions have co-existed peacefully since
Hindu Temples and Mosques that dot the skyline of
Kalimpong and its surrounding are a treasure trove of the rich
history and heritage of Kalimpong. Visitors to Kalimpong can
avail this distinctive opportunity to experience the glorious
past that these religions have had in this region and their own
Kalimpong took shape and each one thrives and blossoms in contributions towards making Kalimpong what it is today.
its own unique way. The various Churches, Monasteries, Visitors are invited to experience this uniqueness.
 VILLAGE ECO-TOURISM
C overed by an extensive layer of forests,
cultivated hillside and tea and cinchona
plantations and endowed by a very rich bio
diversity, Kalimpong District at an average elevation of 1,200
meters is an inviting hideout for eco travellers. This small but
picture-book hill district in the lower Eastern Himalayas is a
delight for every tourist who wishes to spend a relaxed holiday
away for the busy city life.
The gushing streams rushing down the hill sides or
through the whispering woods. The winding mountain paths
cutting through lush green sloping hills make Kalimpong one
of the popular eco green tourism destinations in North East
India. The unique vista that the country side of Kalimpong
offers coupled by the rich culture and heritage of this frontier
district now makes Kalimpong a very favourable Eco Tourism
destination for Domestic as well as International tourists.
The varied cultures that tourists could encounter and
enjoy, makes Kalimpong a very exciting Eco- tourism
destination. Staying with local families belonging to different
tribes give the tourists an opportunity to experience and
understand different cultures and at the same time enjoy
traditional hospitality.
Several new Village Eco- tourism hot spots have come
up in the Kalimpong District and each offers its own unique
flavor. Some of the better known Eco- tourism destinations in
the Kalimpong District are Ramdhura, Rishab, Gumbadara,
Samthar, Samalbong, Lolaygoan, Kolbong, Sillery Village,
Pedong, Gorubathan and Munsong.
 PARAGLIDING
A
A
comparatively new addition to tourism in
Kalimpong is the sport of Paragliding.
Soaring through the clear blue skies and
cutting through the crisp cool air while having a fantastic view
of the valleys below is an experience never to be forgotten.
Deolo Hill while the landing points are at several spots in the
valley below depending on the wind conditions and package
offered by the Paragliding companies. A birds-eye view of
Kalimpong town and the surrounding areas while gliding
above it, is a thrill worth cherishing for a life span.
The take off point for Para gliders in Kalimpong is atop the

01
MOUNTAIN BIKING IN KALIMPONG
TT
he lush
g r e e n
valleys and
the scenic villages in and
around Kalimpong can
b e s t b e e n j oy e d a n d
experienced on Mountain
Bikes which are available
with a few private travel
operators in Kalimpong.
The freedom and thrill
that a mountain bike offers
the visitors is unparallel
and it allows visitors to be
up close to the real
Kalimpong. There are
various mountain trails
and beaten tracks around
Kalimpong which are ideal
for mountain biking. The
more adventurous could
also bike from Kalimpong
to Lava or Pedong or the
various smaller villages
and hamlets that dot the
country site. Mountain
biking in the moderate
altitudes of Kalimpong
could be an experience of
a life time for the visitors.

01

TT
eesta River at Kalimpong has become one of
the most popular hotspots for River Rafting in
Eastern India. The starting points are mainly
at Mellie, Labbarbottey and Beni. The earlier very swift
flowing Teesta River has now been tamed to a certain extent
by the Dams that have been built on it and hence rafting here
RIVER RAFTING
is comparatively very safe and can be undertaken by every
visitors. Several Rafting companies operate in the town and
visitors to Kalimpong are highly recommended a rafting trip.
Tourists could also combine rafting with camping and angling.
The valley and the landscape around the rivers create an
amazing scene which is a visual delight for the visitors.
P.C - Nirpen Ghatani
01
 TREKKING IN KALIMPONG
T rekking in Kalimpong is in its nascent stage.
The Kalimpong District lying at an average
altitude of 1200 meters does not offer any
high altitude treks for the hard core trekkers. For the average
visitors Kalimpong offers wonderful mid altitude treks which
could be a life time experience for them. Trekking through
terraced and lush green country sides or on narrow jungle
paths, the visitors have the opportunity to embrace nature in
the best possible way . The treks that Kalimpong offers are
idea for the average tourist who wants a pleasant trekking
experience without the usual pains and exhaustions associated
with high-altitude trekking.
Kalimpong offers various one day treks which any tourist
could undertake without any difficulty. These treks promise to
provide the tourists not just a pleasant trekking experience but
also the opportunity to know the land and its people up close
and personal. These mild treks offer tourists the prospect to
interact with the simple yet culturally very rich village folks
and to experience their lifestyle or fooding habits.
These mid altitude treks also give the visitors the idea chance
to enjoy the rich flora and fauna of the region. The
Kalimpong district can boast of one of the richest bio-
diversity in the region and these treks are the ideal way to enjoy
this diversity. Longer treks could also be enjoyed by the more
experienced trekkers in the Neora Valley region where
amazing views and dense forests could make the trekker fall in
love with this paradise on Earth.
P.C - Sidhartha Sood
 BIRDING AROUND KALIMPONG
A
A couple of hours drive can take you to one of
the worlds best birding areas.The Lava-
Neora Valley National Park and Kaffer is one
of the three protected areas in Darjeeling district, and
probably the most undisturbed patch of forest in West
Bengal. It is unique and ecologically important as it includes a
relatively inaccessible patch of late-successional forest with
rich diversity and a wide range of environmental gradients.
The Neora Valley National Park has four main habitat types:
Sub-tropical Mixed Broadleaf Forest, Lower Temperate
Fire- tailed Myzornis
Evergreen Forest, Upper Temperate Mixed Broadleaf Forest
and Rhododendron Forest.
A total of 258 bird species have been sighted. At least
six Threatened species and twelve Near threatened species
are found in this site. Lava-Neora Valley covers two biomes:
Biome-7 (Sino-Himalayan Temperate Forest) from about
1,800 m to 3,600 m, and Biome-8 (Sino Himalayan
Subtropical Forest) from about 1,000 m to 2,000 m.
Pic & write up by- Peter Lobo
01
 Some of the most wanted birds in a birds list which
are found in this area are Satyr Tragopan, Wards Trogon,
Slender-Billed Babbler, Fire_tailed Myzornis etc. Another
interesting night bird know as the Hodgsons Frogmouth is
found between Kalimpong town and Chiteray.There had
been reports of Bengal Tiger Panthera tigris from the area
during 1997 and a Tiger Census was conducted in 1998 which
came out with positive results. Recently, a tiger have been seen
Wards Dragon
Goulds Shortwing
and photographed in Neora Valley in 2015. Evidences reflect
that Tigers occur as high as 10,000 ft. in the Neora Valley
National Park. In addition to this, Red Panda Ailurus fulgens,
Leopard Panthera pardus, Wild Dog Cuon alpinus, Asiatic
Black Bear Ursus thibetanus and lesser cats occur in the area.
Today this areas are considered as one of the top most
birdwatching areas in the word.
Satyr Tragopan
Hodgsons Frogmouth
01
 PLACES OF INTEREST
WITHIN
KALIMPONG TOWN

Zang Dhok Palri Phodang Monastery

S ituated within the army cantonment area ,the

Zang Dhok Palri Phodang Monastery or Durpin
Gompa ,as it is popularly known ,is the largest
and most beautiful monastery in Kalimpong. Durpin Gompa
was consecrated by His Holiness The Dalai Lama in 1976, who
also presented the monastery 'The Kangyur' (the Translated
Photography by: Samten Kabo

Words in 108 volumes supposed to have been spoken by the

Buddha himself). Located at a height of 1372 meters at the
summit of Durpin Hill ,the monastery commands a majestic
360° view that includes a stunning view of the Kanchanjunga
range ,Kalimpong town and the surrounding hills and valleys

01
01
Jelepla Viewpoint

L
L
the Zang Dhok Palri
Phodang monastery
ocate
d just
below

on the eastern side ,

Je l e p l a v i e w p o i n t
offers an magnificent
vista of the snow
ranges ,picturesque
sunsets ,the Teesta
and Relli rivers and
the surrounding
va l l e y b e l o w .T h e
viewpoint derives its
name from Jele pla
Pa s s w h i ch c a n b e
seen from here on a
clear day ,as well as
views of Black Rock
and Chola.

01

II
t is one of the two hills that the town of
Kalimpong stands between. Kalimpong is
situated on a ridge connecting the two hills,
Durpin and Deolo. The hill is 1,704 metres (5,590 feet) and is
the highest point of Kalimpong town. The hill is located
north east of the town. Three water reservoirs, two of which
serve as the primary drinking water source to the town are
present atop this hill. The town of Kalimpong, the
surrounding villages of Relli valley, Teesta River and its valleys
all can be viewed from this point.
Durpin Hill
On a clear day, the snow-clad mountains of West Sikkim are also
visible from this hill. At the summit of this hill, there is a park built
for recreational purposes which feature exotic flowers. The park is a
popular picnic spot for tourists as well as locals. Overall Deolo
provides a panoramic 360 degree view of Kalimpong town and its
neighbouring hill. This beautiful nature park offers one of the best
views of Mt. Kanchenjungha and River Teesta. Delo has been
converted into a nature park by the Government and there are
Government accommodation options within the park as well as
luxurious private accommodation options outside the park.
P.C - Samten Kabo
01
 Morgan House

M
M
organ House or the Singhamari is one of the oldest colonial bungalows that was built after the British
opened up Kalimpong as a hill resort .It is currently under the West Bengal Tourist Development
Corporation and is one of the better hotels of Kalimpong .It is also a very beautiful example of Kalimpong's
colonial era bungalows.

01
 Nature Interpretation Centre – Ecological Museum

TT
he Ecological Museum which is situated just outside Kalimpong town ,is one of its kind in this region .Set up by
the Forest Department ,photographs and samples of wild animals and the flora and fauna of this region are
exhibited here

P.C - Bickey Pradhan

01
 Rishi Bankim Chandra Park

A
A
short stop from the Ecological Museum ,lies the small and beautiful park covered by flowers ,orchids and
pine trees .Relax and enjoy the cool surroundings . On the lower side of the park is Kalimpong Degree
College.

P.C - Bickey Pradhan

01
 St. Teresa's Church

T
T
his is the largest Roman Catholic Church in Kalimpong and it is run by the Catholic Fathers .Built by local
craftsmen ,the religious personalities in the paintings that decorate the wall have a distinct Tibetan/Chinese
touch

P.C - Bickey Pradhan

01
 Teesta View Point

SS
ituated about 3 km away from the town along the Kalimpong–Teesta highway, this small view point has a glorious
view of the Teesta river and the adjoining valleys. On a clear day, the snow-clad mountains of West Sikkim are a
treat to view from here.

P.C - Bickey Pradhan

01
 Dharmodaya Vihar

D
D
harmodaya Vihar is a Nepalese Buddhist
temple situated just outside town .In the
year 1944 when the Rana rulers expelled all
Theravada Bhikkhus (monks) from Nepal ,they traveled to
was established in 1949 for the benefit of local people as well
as Bhikkhus and scholars .A beautiful marble statue of Lord
Buddha ,a gift from the Burmese monks ,was also installed
here .In 1952 the foundation of the Vihar (temple) was laid
Sar nath along with a larg e number of devotees .T he out and it was constructed in the style of the Sayambhu
Dharmodaya Shabha was subsequently formed there and Stupa of K athmandu though in a much smaller size .
Elza Villa in Kalimpong was purchased and turned into their Dharmodaya Vihar has become a very important center for
center for furthering the teachings of Theravada Buddhis .A scholars of Buddhism from all over the world.
library containing rare books on Buddhism and other subjects

P.C - Bickey Pradhan

01
 Dr. Graham's Homes

O
O
ne of the main reasons
for Kalimpong to have
become such a large
and important town within such a short
span of time ,is due to the Christian
missionaries .One of the earliest Scottish
missionaries to come to Kalimpong was
Dr .J .A .Graham .He spent his early
years in Kalimpong preaching
C h r i s t i a n i t y ,b u t s o o n t u r n e d h i s
a t t e n t i o n t owa r d s e s t a b l i s h i n g a n
orphanage/school for Anglo-Indian
children .In 1900, he established the St.
Andrews Colonial Homes .The first
cottage to house these children was built
o n t h e s l o p e s o f T i r p a i H i l l .B u t
gradually the entire surrounding area was
converted into a township which had its
own cottages ,farm ,chapel ,workshop,
hospital ,bakery ,playground ,poultry ,
staff quarters ,hostels ,etc .The present
area of the school is over 400 acres .This
orphanage cum school was renamed Dr.
Graham's Homes.
In the initial years ,only Anglo-
Indian children were admitted to the
school ,but ,today ,children from all
communities and religions are admitted.
A walking tour of the school is a
fascinating experience as one is awed by
the sheer beauty of the place and the
P.C.- Nripen Ghatani

magnificent view of the entire town on

one side and the Teesta river and Teesta
valley on the other .The school chapel is
a glorious example of old European
architecture.
01

SI
t is one of the two hills that the town of
Kalimpong stands between. Kalimpong is
situated on a ridge connecting the two hills,
Durpin and Deolo. The hill is 1,704 metres (5,590 feet) and is
the highest point of Kalimpong town. The hill is located
north east of the town. Three water reservoirs, two of which
serve as the primary drinking water source to the town are
present atop this hill. The town of Kalimpong, the
surrounding villages of Relli valley, Teesta River and its valleys
all can be viewed from this point.
Deolo Lake / Deolo View Point
On a clear day, the snow-clad mountains of West Sikkim
are also visible from this hill. At the summit of this hill, there is a
park built for recreational purposes which feature exotic flowers.
The park is a popular picnic spot for tourists as well as locals.
Overall Deolo provides a panoramic 360 degree view of
Kalimpong town and its neighbouring hill. This beautiful nature
park offers one of the best views of Mt. Kanchenjungha and River
Teesta. Delo has been converted into a nature park by the
Government and there are Government accommodation options
within the park as well as luxurious private accommodation options
outside the park.
01
 Macfarlane Church

M
M
acFarlane Church is one of the most
symbolic heritage structure that there is in
Kalimpong. Built in the year 1891 by Rev.
William Sutherland with the help of the locals it was named
after the Scottish Missionary Rev. William MacFarlane. In
The modest structure that was first constructed in 1891 was
later reconstructed to the grand structure it is today.
In the early times sermons were read out in 10
different languages to spread the word of Christianity. These
languages were Bodo, Nepali, Bengali, Hindi, English,
1870 Rev. William Macfarlane, a missionary from Scotland, Chinese, Lepcha, Sanskrit, Urdu and Tibetan.
came to Darjeeling via Gaya. Later he made Kalimpong his Situated just above the Main Road of the town,
area of service and Rev. MacFarlane and he worked towards MacFarlane Church is a must visit for every tourist to
establishing the earliest Schools and Churches in Kalimpong. Kalimpong.

01

TT
his beautiful temple is one of the most
splendid Hindu temples in Northern India .It
was built by the followers of the Shir Krishna
Pranami Dhar ma which was founded by the revered
Nijanandaacharya Shri Devchandraji Maharaj .The temple is
situated about a kilometer from the center of the town and is
spread over two acres .This temple has been built in memory
of Guruji Shri Mangaldasji Maharaj ,who was born in the Ilam
district of Nepal and after arriving in Kalimpong in the year
1940 worked tirelessly with the poor and needy of Kalimpong
Mangal Dham
and helped build schools ,hospital ,orphanages and temples.
On the ground floor of this temple lies the “Samadhi”
of Guruji Shri Mangaldasji. The prayer hall is on the upper
floor where the idols of Raj Shyamji, the Revered Prannathji
and Guru Mangaldasji are found side by side. The walls of the
prayer hall have pictures of Shri Devchandraji meeting Lord
Krishna ,Revered Prannathji blessing the brave Bundela
Chatrasal Maharaj and other scenes from the holy Krishna
Leela.
P.C - Nirpen Ghatani
01

TT
he exact year of the construction of Tongsa
Gumba is not certain as no definite records
are available ,but there is no doubt that this is
the oldest monastery in the entire region .The monastery was
constructed by the Bhutanese in the last quarter of the 17th
century .Many scholars are of the view that it was completed
in the year 1692 at about the same time Damsong Fort .
Surgeon Rennie mentions a monastery in Kalimpong by the
Tongsa Gumba
name of Tusso Cimpa where only three monks resided in his
book ,Bhotan And The Story Of The Dooar War published
in .1865 Most likely ,he was referring to this monastery .
Prayers are offered by the monks twice a day and the visitors
are even allowed into the prayer room while the monks chant
their prayers amidst the sound of conches ,drums and long
trumpets
P.C - Bickey Pradhan
01
 Lepcha Museum

sS
ituated about a kilometer from town within a Lepcha village ,this museum has various cultural and historical
artifacts of the Lepcha tribe .Various articles of worship ,original Lepcha musical instruments and many others
articles can be found here

P.C - Bickey Pradhan

01
 Kali Mandir

t
T
his famous Hindu temple is situated approximately 2 km from town on the road to St. Augustine's School and St.
Teresa's Church. Puja is offered here twice daily amidst the chanting of holy verses and devotional songs.

P.C - Bickey Pradhan

01
 Tharpa Choling Monastery

T
T his small monastery is situated about 1 ½ km from the town on the way to Dr. Graham's Homes. It belongs to
the Yellow Hat Sect of Buddhism or the Gelupa Sect that the present Dalai Lama belongs to. It was built in the
year 1926. Young monks are trained at this monastery. The Buddhist cremation ground is adjacent to the
monastery

P.C - Nirpen Ghatani

01
01
 Kalimpong Bazaar

B
B
eing a small and crowded town ,Kalimpong
bazaar is best explored on foot .Although the
residential areas are scattered over a distance
of 4-5 km ,the bazaar is largely contained within an area of
approximately 1 km which lie along the 2 main roads – Rishi
Road and R. C. Mintri Road. Rishi Road lies between the Police
Station and the Kalimpong Handicrafts Centre and is more
commonly known as Main Road. The bazaar is the seat of the
saddle: to the north is the Deolo hill and in south lies Durpin
hill ,the two highest points of K alimpong .Shops and
establishments have cropped up haphazardly over the years on
either side of these roads .Walking down Main Road one can
shop for Chinese leather shoes ,handicrafts, hand beaten
silver, Chinese lanterns, 'Yata' or Bhutanese handwoven cloths,
Thankas, Tibetan paintings and assorted bric-a-brac. You can
purchase readymade garments and textiles, hardware, buy
footwear, get your passport photo made, buy books and
magazines and stationer y ,go see a doctor and get your
prescription filled ,get your teeth pulled at a dentist ,shop for
electronics ,buy g roceries ,get your umbrella or torch
repaired ,listen to the gainays busking on the footpath ,pick up
a roadside snack ,or even go to a restaurant ,all within 200
metres .Compact living indeed !
E n g l i s h ,H i n d i ,N e p a l i a n d B e n g a l i i s w i d e l y
understood .An exploration of the inner town ,especially the
Haat Bazaar or farmer's market on Wednesdays and Saturdays
)that has been around for over a century( is a fascinating
experience .On market days ,one can see men and women in
their traditional clothes selling their wares with a charming
s m i l e .I t e m s t e n d t o b e r e a s o n a b l y p r i c e d h e r e a n d
shopkeepers are mostly averse to sustained hagglin g. There
are many small restaurants where visitors may stop for a
P.C - Bickey Pradhan

traditional meal .Kalimpong bazaar closes early ,by 7:30 p.m,.

hence visitors are advised to finish dinner early .

01
 EXCURSION SPOTS AROUND KALIMPONG
Rikkisum

SS
ituated at a distance of 22 km en route to Lava, Rikkisum offers an unsurpassed view of the snow peaks and the
valley below. Nature lovers would be remiss to skip a trip here. The mighty Kanchenjunga can be viewed from a
unique angle from here. Surgeon Rennie mentions in his book, Bhotan and the Story Of The Dooar War which
he wrote after the Anglo-Bhutan War of 1864, that a little monastery existed at a place called Rinchinsoong and which had a
glorious view of the Himalayan range and the Damsang fort. The narrow road which leads towards the ruins of the bungalow
at the summit is heavily forested with many varieties of orchids, ferns and other flowering plants along this path. The hilltop
offer a majestic 360° view of the snow-capped mountains and lush carpeted hills all around.

P.C - B.D.O Kalimpong - 2

01
 Gumba Dara

L ocated 8 km from Lava en

route to Kaffer, is the
Gumba Dara monastery
that tourists, especially with an interest in
Buddhism, must visit. One can spend the
day in isolation meditating in the company
of lamas, far away from the noise and
pollution of the civilized world. The lush
green fields and terraced slopes make it a
lovely retreat.

01
 Lolaygaon

LL
ocated forty five kilometers from Kalimpong Town this place of scenic beauty can be reached by bus or taxi in
two and a half hours. Located in the Gram panchayat of Kaffer-Kankebong it is a delight to tourists with its
Wildlife, Jungle walks through the forests, a hanging bridge inside the dense forest, and a breathtaking view of
Kalimpong Town. An amazing view of Kanchenjunga can be enjoyed from here. Tourists can have view of sun-rise and sun-set
from the observatory here. A significant attraction is The Canopy Walk. There is a 180-meters long hanging wooden tree-top
bridge that goes through the dense jungle. Several households cater to the tourism sector by providing home stay facility to
tourists. Apart from that, there are several hotels for lodging and eateries of all kind offering local cuisine for a reasonable price.

P.C - Bickey Pradhan

01
 Samthar

SS
amthar lies on a plateau at an elevation of 1400 mts, with a remarkable view of the snowline. This sleepy hamlet
is inhabited mostly by Lepchas and Tamangs. It can be reached by jeep from Kalimpong, or one could trek via
Kaffer or Suruk. From Samthar, one may also visit the picturesque though extremely remote Lepcha villages of
Yongri and Pongbu and experience their lifestyle firsthand.

P.C - Riyang Lepcha

01
 Lava

L
L ocated at an elevation of 2000 meters, Lava is approximately 35 km from Kalimpong and is fast becoming a
major tourist destination. The lush forests of Lava are ideal for nature treks, bird watching, and plant and wildlife
exploration. The Sherpa View Point here provides an excellent view of the snow-crested mountains of Bhutan
and Tibet. The monastery at Lava is a place of much interest to scholars and academics. Trekking routes to Gitdubling, Neora
Valley, Rachela and Gumbadara all originate from Lava.
A visit to the pretty Samebyong Organic Tea Estate 6 km away is recommended.

P.C - B.D.O Kalimpong -2

01
 Tar Khola

TT
ar Khola lies on the highway to Gangtok and is an hour's drive or a half-day trek via the remote village of Sangsay. Hundreds
of butterflies can be seen on this notable trek through lush fields and thick woods. Tar Khola is an ideal spot for a
picnicking, rafting and paragliding.

P.C - Bickey Pradhan

01
 Beni

B
B
eni sits at the confluence of the rivers Teesta and Rungeet and offers beautiful picnicking spots along the banks
of the Teesta. A large fair is held at Beni on the 14th of January every year. River rafting along the Teesta
originates from Beni.

P.C - Bickey Pradhan

01
 Pedong

P
P
edong is a small town situated about 22 km from Kalimpong en route to the Jelepla Pass. The monastery at
Pedong was constructed in 1837 and is still standing. The Catholic Mission was established 45 years later, in 1882.
The mission has grown in size and now has under it several schools and churches. A view of the ruins of the old
Bhutanese fort of Damsong is a short trek from town. St. George's School, the well-known Anglo Indian Higher Secondary
school, is on the lower side of Pedong town.

P.C - B.D.O Kalimpong -2

01
 Damsong Fort

tT he ruins of Damsong Fort can still be seen a short way from the town of Pedong. Damsong was a very
important fort for the Bhutanese before the Anglo-Bhutanese War of 1864. At that time, Kalimpong was an
insignificant hamlet and it was Damsong that was regarded as the important village.
The Bhutanese rulers kept a very strong and efficient fighting force at Damsong to control any aggression by the enemy
troops of Sikkim and also for administrating the area under its control. The origin of the fort is disputed: The scholar, K.P.
Tamsang is of the view that Damsong fort was constructed by the great Lepcha King Gaeboo Achok Pano, while other scholars
contend the fort was constructed by Bhutanese rulers. The fort was destroyed after the Anglo-Bhutanese War of 1864 and only
the ruins remain.

P.C - B.D.O Kalimpong -2

01
 Pitamchin

SS
ituated at the border of WestBengal and the state of Sikkim at Lingsay Gram Pachayat under Kalimpong II
Block it is another hill top that provides breath taking view of the mesmerizing Kanchenjunga.It offers a one
eighty degree view of the whole range till Nathula pass. The nearest town from where it can be explored is
Pedong. Another point offering some ethereal view of the majestic mountains is the Mulkhadka Lake or the Wishing Lake
which is about 8.5 kms from here.

Pic & write up by - Subarna Majumdar, B.D.O, Algarah

 Silleri Pic & write up by - Subarna

sS
illerigaon ,a small village under the Cinchona Plantation area under Kashyong Gram Panchayat of Kalimpong II
block is a picturesque point covered by pine trees at a height of 6000 ft and offering magnificent view of the
Kanchenjunga ,the widespread cinchona plantation of Burmaik, the long and winding Teesta river and the tall hills
of Sikkim on the other side from Ramitey view point .It also offers the adventurous tourists a chance to trek the nearest peaks
like Ecchey gaon,Tinchulay and the historic Damsang Fort. One can also explore the warm hospitality of the local people here
by experiencing the stays at the comfortable homestays.

Pic & write up by - Subarna Majumdar, B.D.O, Algarah

 Dhoksing Falls

tT he Dhoksing waterfalls is one of the tallest waterfalls of the region around 150 ft high.It is situated in the picturesque
Jhusing village of the Lingey Gram Panchayat under Kalimpong II Block. Another beautiful falls situated nearby is the
Servang Falls that is 200 ft high and the sound of the falling water can be heard from afar. The combined view of the mighty
mountains and the huge falls makes this place a must visit for the wander thirsts.

Pic & write up by - Subarna Majumdar, B.D.O, Algarah

 Changey Falls

TT
his wild
a n d
gushing
warefalls if located about
17 kms from the popular
tourist town of Lava.It is
the tallest waterfalls of this
region.On a clear day the
white peaks of the
Kanchenjunga adorning
this beautiful falls looks
magical.It is situated in the
pine coverd hamlet called
Kolakham and is also in the
vicinity of the famous
Neora valley where if luck
favours one can spot red
pandas . This place is also
known for the sighting of
some rare birds like White
C a p p e d Wa t e r
Redstart,Blue Fronted
Redstart, Verditer Fly
catcher ,the Indian Robin
and the like.It is also
considered to be a bird
watchers paradise.

Pic & write up by - Subarna Majumdar, B.D.O, Algarah

 Rishyap

R
R
ishyap is a small pine wrapped village and hill station under Kagey Gram Panchayat of Kalimpong II Block. It is
located at around 8500 ft above sea level.However its highest peak is Tiffin Dara which is about 1.25 kms trek
from Rishap village. From an altitude of 9500 ft it offers the closest view of the Kanchenjunga and the whole
range. The panoramic view of the Pedong valley along with the majestic Himalayas makes this place a perfect tourist spot en
route Lava.

Pic & write up by - Subarna Majumdar, B.D.O, Algarah

 Kagey

II
t is one of the Gram Panchayats under Kalimpong II Block. At an average height of 5100 ft. It offers some of the
heavenly sights of the 3rd highest peak Mt Kanchenjunga and mountain springs viz: Mudung and Gerok Khola and
terrace farming of the popular cash crops like cardamom apart from the farming of staple food grains like paddy. It
can be approached from the nearest town of Pedong.

Pic & write up by - Subarna Majumdar, B.D.O, Algarah

TOURIST SPOTS IN THE GORUBATHAN AREA
G
G
orubathan located in the south-east of Kalimpong District. Gorubathan, located 75 km from the town of
Kalimpong, is one of the three Blocks in the District of Kalimpong. This Block is demarcated by the River
Jaldhaka and Bhutan to the East, Sikkim to the North, Kalimpong to the West and the vast plains of Jalpaiguri
District to the South.
Gorubathan is fast becoming a popular center for tourism. It holds vast potential in the field of Eco Tourism due to its
natural resources like abundant flora and faunas, virgin forest, organic tea gardens and medicinal plantations. Due to its unique
topographical position, it is easily accessible to visitors.
It has several many places of interest for visitors. A holiday in the Gorubathan region can truly be a memorable one.
Chyakung Dara, Lungshel
This place is considered the birth place of Gyabo Aachyok, the
legendary Lepcha King. This beautiful and scenic village is atop a
hillock surrounded by steep ridges. 20 km from Gorubathan, is
accessible via a jeep able road from Gorubathan.
Lungshel village is mostly habituated by indigenous Lepchas from
time immemorial and they still preserve their rich culture and heritage.
Typical Lepcha Houses here are a special attraction.

Dalim Fort
The Dalim Fort is a historical place of interest for tourist. It was a last
bastion of Bhutanese army before the area was annexed into the
British India Empire in 1865. The British Army defeated the
Bhutanese forces stationed at the Dalim Fort in1864 before this area
could fall into their hands. The ruins of fort can still be seen to this
day. The view from the vicinity of the fort is a fabulous one.

Gorubathan Tar
It is about 2kms away from Gorubathan Bazaar situated at the top of
a small flat toped hillock overlooking Gorubathan. One can have
beautiful scenic views of sunrise and sunset from here. Home Stays
are also available here for Tourists.

Suntalay Busty
One of the most enchantingly scenic places, with a cool climate, this
village is ideal for seekers of solitude and mental peace. Lots of
natural view points, diverse floras and faunas and the nearby
Samabeong Organic Tea Garden attracts any visitors and mesmerize
them. It is connected by a jeep able road from Gorubathan, a distance
of 20kms, on the way to Jhandi Eco-huts.

Jhandi
Jhandi is a well known tourist spot in the Gorubathan Block offering
glorious sun rise and sun set views, wide angle view of Mount
Kanchenjunga and the Nathula Range as well as the Dooars. It is
about 16 km from Gorubathan. Throughout the year it is cold and
misty here. The rich wildlife here also makes it one of the most
picturesque destinations for tourists. Home-stays and private eco huts
are also available here for tourists.
Bindu
Bindu is a small picturesque village at an altitude of 600m on the
Indo-Bhutan Border and one of the best destinations for tourists. It
is the last Indian village before Bhutan on the bank of River Jaldhaka.
The journey to Bindu via Chalsa-Khunia-Jhalong is a fascinating one
through Chapramari Forest. It is 64 km from Mahanda Reserve
Forest and 99 km from Siliguri. Tourist may also visit Bhutan by
taking the requisite permission.

Dalgaon View Points

Dalgaon View point is a 4km drive from Jaldhaka Village and about
42km from New Mal Junction via Chalsa and Khunia More
(Champramari forest). Bhutan is visible from here along with wide
and beautiful landscape of the Doors valley and Rivers. The oldest
Cinchona Plantation of India, which is a little distance away, still
produces Quinine in the same old traditional method.

Rocky Island, Samsing

Rocky Island in the Samsing Hill is definitely one of the best tourist
spots in North Bengal. The entire route about 26 Km from Mal
Bazar function is charming with lush tea garden, mountains and
small brooks. The Rocky Island adventure camp is the perfect place
for adventure enthusiasts. Accommodation is available in the form
of tents to provide the real feel of camping.

Samabeong
Samabeong is one of the most scenic places in the entire region. It is
8 Km from Lava and 31 KM from Gorubathan. Tea Estate of
Samabeong was established in the year 1887 by the British.
Samabeong Tea Garden is situated at an altitude of 6500 ft with lush
green plantations covering gentle slopes of the hills. The natural
beauty of Samabeong is mesmerizing and various types of birds and
butterflies are also an attraction of Samabeong. Here a very pretty
lodge known as “Last Mile” is ideally located at the hilltop for
accommodation of the visitors.

Tangta River & Monastery

Located 4km above the Tangta River side picnic spot and 64km from
Mal Bazaar, it offers majestic view of the neighboring country of
Bhutan and Indo-Bhutan Border valley. At the same time tourist may
also enjoy the scenic beauty of Tangta River site.
 Paanch Pokhri, Gorubathan

P
aanch Pokhari is a beautiful cluster of natural lakes situated at a height of 3500 feet above the Ambiok Forest and
6 Km away from Gorubathan. Activities like trekking and climbing may be initiated here. Tourists may also visit
the nearby Dalim Fort and Sansarey Dara.

T
T
he Lepchas are the original inhabitants of this
land. It is believed that they had a large
kingdom south of Mount Kanchenjunga and
it included Sikkim, Kalimpong and extended down to the
plains. The Lepchas are also called the Rongs, meaning
Sons of the Snowy Peaks. According to the Lepchas, the first
and the foremost primogenitors of this race were
Fodongthing and Nazaongnyo and they were created by the
Supreme Being from the snow of the peak of Mount
Kanchenjunga. Hence the Lepchas call themselves the
Rongs. The Lepchas ruled over this land for a very long time
till their ruler Gaeboo Achok Pano was murdered. It was
only after his murder that this fierce and powerful race was
subdued and the Bhutanese started their rule over this land.
The language of the Lepchas is an ancient one and it has
developed independently in the passage of time. After the
entry of the Bhutanese rulers and the influx of Tibetan
LEPCHAS
refugees and Nepalese migrants, the Lepcha language was, to
a small extent, influenced by those languages.
The Lepcha language is a monosyllabic one and it
consists of approximately 6600 words.
The Lepcha script has been in use for a very long time.
The Lepchas say that there are ten divisions of Lepchas each
claiming descent from the ten sons of Fodongthing and
Nazaongnyo. These ten divisions are called the Rong Kati or
the ten Lepchas and the traditional laws and rules by which
the Lepchas abide is called the Rongkati Tyum. As per the
Lepcha laws, the son belongs to the father's clan while the
daughter belongs to the mother's clan. The daughter inherits
the mother's clan's property from generation to generation
and has no right over the property of the father. Even if a
family has no male heir, the daughter has no right over the
father's property. In such a case, the property is inherited by
the nearest male relative of the father.

TT
he name “Bhutia” and “Bhotiya” also spelt as
Bhotia is derived from the Tibetan word
'Bodpa', 'Bod' meaning 'Tibet' and suffix 'pa'
meaning 'inhabitants'. The English word 'Tibet' appears to be
derived from the Mongolian word 'Thubot', which is the
Mongolian name for the northern portion of the Tibetan
plateau. The Sanskrit form of the word 'Bod' was 'Bhot' and
the Sanskrit speaking races of India, had accordingly
addressed the inhabitants of this region as
“BHUTIA/BHOTIYA”. The different tribes of Tibetan
origin who inhabit Sikkim and North Bengal is known under
the generic name “Bhutia”, while those in habiting Himachal
Pradesh and Uttarakhand are spelt as Bhotiya or Bhotia.
The Bhutias of North Bengal are a varied group of
ethno linguistic Tibetan people whose ancestors migrated at
BHUTIA
different period of time, commencing as early as the 6th
century, from Tibet to south of the Himalayas which included
the erstwhile Great Nation of Sikkim, which then included
the area of present day Darjeeling and Kalimpong districts,
some area of Bhutan (formerly known as Lho Mon) and part
of Nepal; the migration was more prominent in the 15th and
16th century, an era where religious persecution forced many
to move to safer havens.
The Bhutia tribe of West Bengal has been accorded
Scheduled Tribe status vide Constitution (Scheduled Tribe)
order, 1950. “Bhutia” of North Bengal includes the subtribes,
Denzongpa, Dukpa, Kagatey, Singshaba, Tibetan, Yolmo,
and Walungpa. Though the Bhutias use Tibetan Script, each
subtribe has their own form of dialect.
In the pre independence period, the economy of
Bhutias was mainly agrarian; the principal crops being paddy,
wheat, barley, millet, corn and potato. Their literacy state was
low and the most common occupation being petty farming
and livestock rearing; post independence, profound changes
are taking place.
The Bhutias follow the Vajrayana vehicle of Tibetan
Buddhism; the different tribes within the Bhutia have
allegiance to different schools, namely Nyingma, Kagyu,
Sakya and Gelug. Though the Christian calendar is followed,
yet the Bhutias have not discarded the traditional system of
reckoning time i.e. the Lunar Calendar, since traditional
Lamaist astrology and divination is calculated on its basis.
Bhutias celebrate either the 'Royal New Year' known as 'Losar'
or the 'Cultivators New Year' which is also known as 'Sonam
Pic & write up by- W.B. Bhutia Development Board
Losar' or' Losoong'. Losar marks the beginning of Lunar
Calendar and generally falls during the month of February.
Though an endogamous group, with the winds of
modernization, inter-ethnic marriages are also accepted but
not preferred. Marriage by negotiation is the general practice
but love marriage and marriage by elopement are not unusual.
Bhutia women enjoy a much higher status than their
counterparts from other communities.
The traditional attire of both male and female are
called Bakhus. Though the bakhu including the honzu (loose
01
 blouse with long sleeves worn underneath the bakhu)
worn by the womenfolk amongst all Bhutia sub tribes are
similar, the bakhu worn by the men folk, have slight
differences. The marital status of a married woman is
indicated by the pangden (a multi colored rectangular cloth)
tied on top of the bakhu at the waist. The traditional
ornaments of the womenfolk consist of handcrafted pendent
made of either gold or silver and studded with precious
stones, necklace consisting of gzi (banded or etched agate)
and precious stones, and bracelet/bangles.
The food habits of the Bhutias are simple and do not
include much spices. Bhutia are traditionally non-vegetarians.
The Bhutias have a common tea preparation which is known
as Tibetan tea or Soja or Ghurghur tea / butter tea (the term
commonly used by Indians from the plains). This form of tea
preparation is not only common amongst the Bhutias of
Darjeeling district but extends to all population tracing
ancestral allegiance to the Tibetan Civilization.
The traditional sport of the Bhutias is field Archery
and Khuru (a form of dart) which is played during the winter
months, November to March.
Pic & write up by- W.B. Bhutia Development Board
01
 SHERPAS
TT
he Sherpas are an ethnic
group of devout Buddhists
whose traditional home lies
in the Khumbu valley beneath Mount
Everest. Because of their reputation
as climbers, the Sherpas are one of the
best known ethnic groups in the world.
The Sherpas are strong, congenial and
hardworking people of mongoloid stock.
They have their own language and their
most important festival is Losar, which is
the celebration of the New Year. The
men wear Tshoa with Tetong, while women
wear Angi with Samjhar. The Sherpas living
in the rural areas of Kalimpong depend
on agriculture for their livelihood while
those residing in the urban areas are adept
at business and run their own enterprises.
Education has been a boon for the
Sherpa people and it is not uncommon to
find Sherpa men and women in the higher
echelons of society.

01

A
A
considerable number of Rais are present in
Kalimpong. The origin of this race is not
certain and hence we can only make
inferences on the migration of this community. Some scholars
believe that the Rais too are the aboriginal tribe of this region
as no folklore or stories point to any outside homeland. The
majority of this community work in the cinchona plantations
or tea estates of the district. The rest are farmers. A good
number serve in the Indian Armed Forces where they have
earned much fame for their bravery and loyalty. Literacy rates
are very low at 35%. Their rituals of marriage, death and
RAI
childbirth are unique and elaborate and are usually performed
by the Mangpa (Rai priests).
The Rais are mostly Shaminists but many follow
Hinduism now and celebrate Dasain and Tihar (Durga Puja
& Diwali). However, there are two distinct festivals that they
celebrate at the start of the farming season and at the end of
the harvesting season. Another festival of the Rais is the
Yokuwa Puja. The Rais believe they are closely related to
the Lepchas and Limbus and a large number of inter-
community marriages take place between them. The Rais have
their own language and script.

TT
he Gurungs are one of the most dominant
communities in the Hills of Darjeeling with a
very rich culture and history of their own.
Gurung clans are divided in to two groups 'charjat' (four
castes) clan and 'solajat” sixteen castes clan. The charjat being
as Lama, Lamchane, Ghale and Ghotane and the solaja being
Bhaeze, Garbu, Kepze, Kulal, Koke, Kromze, Kroe, Lehge,
Morme, Nume, Panze, Plopo, Pom, Tele, Tenla and Thimze.
Animism and Bonism (nature worship) are the
dominant factors which have influenced the culture of the
tribal community of the Gurungs. Even after migrating from
Mongolia to Tibet and China and then to the south of the
Himalayans, the Gurungs have retained their cultural heritage.
Bonistic Mahabuddism is the religion of the
Gurungs. They are nature worshippers because they believe
that is the creator, the protector and the support of all human
beings. Gurungs worship mountains, rivers and big trees
because they believe that the nature Gods' live in these areas or
places. They also worship moon 'Iha' (snakes) 'Ihoo' and local
gods 'shildo-nado' who could be present in any form in and
around their village.
Gurungs have their own culture and traditions from
birth to death. They perform every ceremony in their own
peculiar way. The ceremonies are performed by the 'Klebri”,
'Poju' or 'Lama'. However the presence of the maternal uncle
'Ashyon' is all ceremonies and rites is mandatory. There is a
strong belief that any ceremony in the absence of the
GURUNGS
'Ashyon' has no spiritual and social values.
The 'Rodhi' concept is typical of the Gurungs only.
This is one of the attributes of the Gurung tribe which
manifests a distinctive culture. Rodhi started as a community
room where the youth assembled to promote healthy
fellowship. Every Gurung village has a 'rhodi ghar” (Rodhi
house) which is supervised by a 'rhodi ama” (Rodhi mother).
Over a period of time, the system has undergone changes and
the 'rhodi” concept has become somewhat different. 'Rodhi'
which was started by the youth has now become more formal.
Though it is still youth orientated where cultural activities are
encouraged by a 'Frang Kra” (head) who is nominated by the
community. The 'rodhi' now is also a place where young girls
are taught to weave 'rahri'. The problems of the village are
discussed and solutions suggested which is presided over by
the 'Frang Kra”. The tradition of 'Rodhi' is unique and no
other tribe or race has such a tradition.
Gurung has their own Loshar.Loshar means changes
of year. Loh orbarga named after anmal or birds. they count or
calculate the year or age with these symbols. Gurung celebrate
their loshar on 30th of December as they believe pous 15th is
the longest night and shortest day of the year and Sunchanges
its direction to north from this day.
Totomic symbol of Gurung is Sheep lived in a high
altitude around 12000 feet now descended to lower region
.Main source of income or livelihood was sheep herding.
Pic & write up by- W.B. Gurung Development Board
01

L
L
ike the Lepchas, the Limbus too are believed
to be the indigenous people of this region.
The Limbus are originally from Sikkim and
look upon Kalimpong as their own home due to the fact
that before the Bhutanese occupation of the Kalimpong,
Sikkim and Kalimpong were under one ruler. Certain
villages have large populations of the Limbus in Kalimpong.
As per the available data, there were approximately 1000
families in Kalimpong in the year 1994. A considerable
number of Limbus are engaged as labourers in the Tea
Gardens or cinchona plantations. Some are engaged in pig
farming.
LIMBUS
Limbus are known the world over for their bravery
and courage and a considerable number of Limbus serve in
the Armed Forces of India. The literacy rate of the Limbus is
low at 25%. The rituals of Limbus are unique and elaborate
like the Rais. Marriage is a costly affair through no dowry
system is practiced. The Limbu priests are called Phedangwa.
When an adult expires, those who can afford it, fire a gun in
honour of the departed soul. Limbus bury their dead with the
face left uncovered. The Limbus celebrate several festivals
that are based on the change of seasons. They have their own
language and script and it is taught at Class XII level in some
schools in Sikkim.
P.C - Nirpen Ghatani
01

TT
hey are Aryan in origin and resemble the
Brahmins and Chettris physically. They are
mainly Hindus though a small number have
converted to Christianity. The traditional occupation of the
DAMAIS
Damais is tailoring. The 'Nawamati Baja', i.e. the nine types of
musical instruments which are generally played during
auspicious occasions are traditionally played by the Damais.
Their mother tongue is Nepali and they wear the Daura Sural.
01
 KAMI

T
T
hey are the makers and
inheritors of the Khukri, Kami
are a very rich tribe of India
who are the Children of the Soil from the
Dravidian stock, Kamis have shaped and made
daily life easy and possible right from the Indus
Valley Civilization as they are considered the
founders of Indus Valley as well, they have
shaped the world with their skills, which is their
indigenous civilizational occupational trade
working as Blacksmith, Goldsmith, Silversmith
& Coppersmith most of the toreutics in the
Himalayan region like the ones in Potala Place,
Nepal, Bhutan and relating to Buddhism are
done by the Kami and also make tools of
agrarian society, kitchen, utensils, home decors,
ornaments etc. Most of the Kami speak the
lingua franca Nepali their indigenous language
(mother tongue) is in the verge of extinction
they follow Brahmanism and Christianity. In the
Vedic Era Kami was categorized as low caste
and are the Dalits of the country and in the
modern society they are Scheduled Caste in the
Constitution of India.
Pic & write up by - Mithilesh Baraily Kami

01

TT
he Sarki are a occupational tribe and can be
found across the Hills of Darjeeling. The
Sarkis are said to be no different in genetic and
ritual features than the Brahmins and Ksetris but due to their
occupation they are differentiated. It is believed that in earlier
times a group of Brahmins and Ksetris broke the strict
Brahaminical code by eating certain fooding items banned by
this order and in the process they were demoted in the existing
social order. This group of people took up the profession of
Tanning leather and mending leather items like shoes etc. This
is the historical occupation of Sarkis though in present times
they can be found in ever y moder n profession.
SARKI
They speak the common Nepali language or the language of
the residence and physically they are very similar to the
Brahmins and Ksetris. They too are divided into 68 septs.
Mangrati, Rokai, Bailkoti, Bisunkae, Dolal and Ramaethi are
some of the Sarki septs which are similar to the Brahmins and
Ksetris. The Sarki Tribe considers itself as one large extended
family and hence marriage within their own sept is strictly
f o r b i d d e n i n t h i s Tr i b e.
Sarkis are mostly Hindus by religion and worship Hindu
deities like Dakshin Kali, Bishnu Devi, Chun Devi, Nath,
Ganesh and Bagh Bhairav. Like other Nepali Hindus, they
celebrate Chait Dasai, Maghe Sankrati and Bara Dasai.

M
M
agars are said to be one of the oldest tribes
of Nepal and are spread over the entire
Darjeeling and Sikkim Hills as well as parts
of the North East of India. They are present in considerable
numbers in the Darjeeling Himalayas. The Magars are
basically divided into seven major clans or septs- Thapa, Ale,
Rana, Budathoki, Roka, Gharti and Pun. There are three
languages used by the Magars- Magarkura, Khamkura and
Kaike. Each language is a distinct one with its own identity.
The Kaike language is spoken only in the Dolpo region of
Nepal and nowhere else in the world. Generally Magarkura is
spoken by the Ale, Thapa and Ale Clans- the Khamkura is
spoken by the Budathoki, Gharti, Roka and Pun clans.
In earlier times the Magars were animists but over
MAGARS
now they are basically followers of Hinduism. They celebrate
all Hindu festivals like Maghe Sankranti, teej, Chait Dasain,
Dasai and Tihar etc.
The uniquely famous tradition of playing Bahilo
during the festival of Tihar is a tradition started by the Magar
King Balihang. In the tradition of Bahilo, groups of people
make rounds of houses in the neighbourhood, after darkness,
during the festival of Tihar (Diwali) and sing hymns and
songs. This now days is a tradition indulged in by the entire
Nepali community.
The Magars are also known for their bravely and valor
in the battle fields. They are in huge numbers in the British and
Indian Armies and have brought glory and fame and respect
for their tribe world-wide.
P.C - W.B. Mangar Development Board
01
 NEWARS
TT
he Newar are the creators of its historic heritage and civilization. Newars form a linguistic and cultural
community of primarily Indo-Aryan and Tibeto-Burman ethnicities following Hinduism and Buddhism ith
Nepali Bhasha as their common language. Newars have developed Newars have developed a division of labour
and a sophisticated urban civilization not seen elsewhere in the Himalayan foothills. Newars have continued their age-old
traditions and practices, and pride themselves as the true custodians of the religion, culture and civilization.

Pic & Write up by - W.B. Newar Development Board

01
 the Newars are regarded as an example of a nation
community with a relict identity, derived from an ethnically-diverse,
previously-existing polity. Newar community within it consists of
various strands of ethnic, racial, caste and religious heterogeneity, as
the Newars of today are the descendants of the diverse group of
people that have lived in Nepal Mandala since prehistoric times.
Indo-Aryan tribes like the Licchavis and Mallas those arrived at
different periods eventually merged with the local population by
adopting their language and customs. These immigrants however
retained their indict heritage and brought with them Sanskrit
languages social structure, Vedic religion and culture which have
profoundly altered the history of Newar culture.
Newars are known for their contributions to culture, art
and literature, trade, agriculture and cuisine.
As a result of the phonological process of dropping the last
consonant and lengthening the vowel, "Newā" for Newār or Newāl,
and "Nepā" for Nepāl are used in ordinary speech.
For about a thousand years, the Newar civilization in
Central Nepal preserved a microcosm of classical North Indian
culture in which Brahmanic and Buddhist elements enjoyed equal
status. It was a direct a result of years of migration of people from
north and south who brought with them not only their genetic and
racial diversity but also greatly moulded the dominant culture and
tradition of Newars.
Trade, industry and agriculture have been the mainstay of
the economy of the Newars. They are made up of social groups
associated with hereditary professions that provide ritual and
economic services. Merchants, craftsmen, artists, potters, weavers,
dyers, farmers and other castes all played their part in creating a
flourishing economic system. Elaborate cultural traditions which
required the use of varied objects and services also fueled the
economy. For centuries, Newar merchants have handled trade
between Tibet and India besides exporting locally manufactured
products to Tibet. Rice was another major export. Porters and pack
mules transported merchandise over mountain tracks that formed
the old trade routes. Since the 18th century, Newars have spread out
across Nepal and established trading towns dotting the mid hills.
They are known as jewellery makers and shopkeepers. Today, they
are engaged in modern industry, business and service sectors.
P.C - Anuraj Pradhan
 TAMANGS
TT
amang are one of the largest
communities in the Hills of Darjeeling.
The Tamangs are of Mongoloid stock as
can clearly be seen facial by their features and physique.
They are stocky and well built with medium or short
stature.
They have their own distinct culture, language
and religion. The most common belief is that the word
'Tamang' has been derived from a Tibetan word 'Tamag”
which means 'Ta' refers to 'horse' and 'Mag' refers to
'rider'. So Tamang are the 'horse-riders or soldiers riding
on horse. It is believed that after the Nepal-Tibet War
some of the horse-riding soldiers of King Tsrong
Tschong Gampo permanently settled in the Himalayan
Hills of Nepal who were later recognized as the
“Tamang” nationalities. Although this is the most
commonly accepted meaning of the word Tamang,
several scholars have put forward other interpretations
of the word.Tamangs have their own distinct religion.
They are the followers of Lama Buddhism or Lamaism.
They also have their own distinct language. Their mother
tongue is Tamang, which falls in Tibeto-Burman
language group. Their script is known as Sambhota, but
some organizations also have been using a script known
as Tamyig which is a modified version of the Sambhota
script.
Tamangs are basically divided into 12 tribes and
18 septs. Some of the common septs of the Tamangs are
Karamba, Karte,Gomden, Gaule, Ghesing, Chyaba,
Zimba, Thokar, Theeng, Pakhrin, Bomjon,Balam,
Moktan, Yonzon, Waiba, Singden etc.
Tamangs by nature are lovers of entertainment
and their most popular instrument is the Damphu.
Damphus are considered an important and essential
item in the lives of the Tamangs. Their melodious folk
P.C - Bickey Pradhan

songs named Tamang Celos are very popular with all

generation of music lovers. Some of their folk dances are
Damphu Naach, Dora Naach, Saraswati naach and
Doota naach.
01

BB
hujels are one of the aboriginal ethnic tribes
having its own distinct language, culture,
religion and strong ethnic identity. Bhujels are
of Mongoloid origin belonging to Kirata Domain.Bhujels
prefer to call themselves Puh-gal. Their language is called
Puhgal Ngur. This language comes under the Himalayan
branch of Tibeto – Burmese sub family of Sino Tibetan
family of languages.
The community is divided into a number of phrarties
termed as phryah-yo viz, Jarra, Gharti, Khawas, Pun and Bura.
BHUJEL
These phrarties are further divided into patrilineal clans called
gotas; eg. Gharti is divided into Kangel, Subja, Masal,
Daitane, Simale, Southokya, Bagele, Mainthokya, Kanchipre,
Okherbote, Bode, Pakhadera, Thain clans; Khawas is divided
into Bamcha, Deobal, Khan, Khuwan, Ruwan etc. clans; Jarra
is divided into Samyali, Prsyali, Daulangni, Thusirangne,
Brachungne, Parchungne, Kharchungne, Kalikotya,
Thautabya, Mathokya, Kanchokya, Manpungya, Padumya,
Golaglam, Balikpa, Onakpa, Mahispa clans; Pun is divided
into Umara, Astomu, manparel, Nimmer, Punthokya, Argeja
Pic & Write up by - W.B. Bhujel Development Board
01
 clans and Bura is divided to Thokyabura, Harulabura,
Raksebura, Nimpurbura etc. clans.These clans are exogamous.
The marriage is contacted only out of one's own clans/totem
group.
Traditionally Bhujels are the animist and follow
shamanism. Shamanism, spiritforces and ancestor worship
plays a central role in the world view of Bhujels. They worship
natural forces and their ancestors (gotapo tsakto). The Bhujels
have a traditional pantheon of natural deities. They worship
Gotapo/ sah-sopa tsakto (Kul/Vayu Puja), ancestral deity;
Wro-wo tsako (Naya Puja); Aitabare; Hyok-alo (Udhauli) and
Tyak-alo (Ubhauli) tsako etc.
Historically it is found that Bhujels were involved in
hunting, fishing, animal rearing, crop farming and craft.
Making different articles from bamboo split is one of the main
occupations of the Bhujels. Even today it has been followed
today as preferred occupation in the Bhujel community. From
time immemorial settlements of the Bhujels have been found
in the jungles or nearby jungles of the hilly regions. Some
Bhujels at present have been found involved in small business,
cottage and smal lindustry and different type of jobs.
Puhgal Parim and Brin – Iahno (Maghey Sakranti) are
the two most important festivals of Bhujels. Puhgal Parim is a
community festival celebrated collectively by Bhujels at a
certain location preferably near a Khola (stream). Neychiling
(Puja Thaan) is prepared and different natural deities are
worshipped.Pho-ro / tsya-wo and elderly persons perform
puja.The celebration begins from the day of Mangshire
Purney (fullmoon day in December). It is celebrated for five
days. Relatives, who are away, meet and wish or share
happiness during this puja.
Brin-lahno (Maghey Sakrati) (in the month of
January) is another very important festival of Bhujels. It marks
the beginning of New Year in Bhujel calendar (Wro-wo nek)
new year. It is celebrated with the feast of various roots and
Bhujels perform Gah-ttu Dance, Chutka Dance and
Pangdurya Dance.
Gah-tu dance is performed on Baisakhe Purne. Young
girls perform this dance to the song sung by aged women. The
dance is performed to show the glorious past of Chyo-ro and
Chyor-mo (Bhujel Raja and Rani).
Chutka song and dance is performed during festivals,
marriage ceremony and social gatherings. It is performed by
young men and women. The young women dance to the song
sung by young men. The song is accompanied by Rhin and
takyo.
Pangdurya dance is performed during October till
December as a mark of the winter harvest. There are two
groups in this performance. One group sings while other
dance.
Bhujels have their own traditional dresses. Bhujel
males traditionally wear Sur (shirt), Nairak (a piece of short,
Khaiyak (under cloth), Hadula (waist coat), and Lhupo
(headgear) gara (shawl like cloth).
Bhujel Female dress include Puhluk (Headgear), Ska
(blouse), Tsyumo (Sari), Panga (Peticoat) Gahlyak (cloth hung
from the shoulder), Teki (waist flap), Naira (waist band)

P.C - W.B. Bhujel Development Board

fruits. Different types of Goi (Yam) are inevitably served in
every household. Gandai tsako (Kholako puja) (worship of a
local big rivers and natural water bodies) is performed on this
day. Married daughters visit their parents/ relatives and
celebrate the occasion with lot of enthusiasm.
Bhujels have rich cultural heritage. Music and dance
are the integtral part of Bhujels. Rhin, Takyo Binayo,
Murchunga are the musical instrument used by Bhujels.
01
 KHAS
T he Khas are an ethnic group of four
sub-sects namely- Chettri, Bahun,
Thakuri and Sanyasi with a distinct
history, identity, culture, religion and language that
dates back to at least three thousand years. The Khasas
are said to have originated in the ancient land of
Kusadvipa near Kashyap Sagar. It is presumed that
the land in between the Caspian Sea and the Ural Sea
was the place of their origin.
Ancient classical texts and literature of India
and books and articles by modern scholars are
abundant with tales of the Great Khasa tribe, and give
ample proof of their being the aboriginal tribes or
'Sons. of the Soil' of India. Many references of the.
Khasa people. have. been found in the Mahabharata,
the va riou s P u ranas, t he Manu sm r u ti , the
Rajatarangini, and books and articles by modern writers
and historians from far and wide.
Robert Shafer, in his work, "Ethnography of
Ancient India", (Page 43, printed in Germany) also
gives a similar indication regarding the origin of the
Khasa. He describes as follows-"Their homeland was
within the Meru-Lake Manasa-sarovara region. They
were probably pushed out of there by some more
powerful people. Some migrated northwest down the
upper Indus; and then the Iranians drove on onto Iran,
but left some behind as the Sakas, Khambojas,
Pahlavas, and perhaps some Sogdians; the Dardic
branch remained in northwest India- the Dadaras,
Kasmiras and some of the Khasas (some having left
behind in the Himalayas of Nepal and Kumaon}".
Interestingly, there is mention of the Khasa, on many
other occasions in the whole text and the word Khasa
has been used as many as fourteen times... thus. giving
prom· ne ce to the. Khasas as. au ethnic. group of those
times,
 According to another report " The Nations of
India at the Battle between the Pandavas and
Kauravas", published in Journal of the Royal Asiatic
Society of Great Britain and Ireland, 1908 (page 331), the
following lines explain the origin of the Khasas - «From
beyond the Himalayas came the contingents of the
Yavanas, Sakas, KHASAS, Tusaras and Dadaras",
Unlike the Hindus, the Parsis, the Christians and
even Buddhists, the Khasa tribe do not have a written
scripture like the Rig Veda, the Zenda Vesta or the Bible,
to guide them through their Cultural Practises. It is
entirely based on Conventions, which over the last many
centuries could have undergone many evolutionary
changes. Their culture could have been influenced by
many factors like - history, the physical
geographical environment, socio-political environment
and lately economic influences as well.
This community exhibits some special practices
of totemism, naturalism, animism, taboo and bizarre
rituals which are exclusive traits of the Indian tribal. These
customs and rituals have been carried forward through
generations. There is no written text to guide the Khas tribe
through these rituals. Everything is based on convention.
Yes, the Khasa, also go to temples, and worship
gods like Durga, Shiva etc. But with them, either as their
ema n ations , or as separate div i ne en t i tie s, the
representatives of the polydaemonistic cults of the past
are objects of worship, both in temples and in domestic
ceremonies. The observations of E. T Atkinson, in the
very beginning of his book - "Notes on the History of
the Religion in the Himalayas of the N. W
Province”, where he starts by explaining the meaning of
Hinduism, fully applies to the
Khas tribe. He says in page 2, "We must. however
accept the term Hinduism as a convenient one, embracing all
those beliefs of the people of India which are neither of
Christian nor of Musal-man origin".
The Khas tribe speak the Khas-Kura, a dardic
Inda-European language, also called the
'Pisacha Language, or language of the demons,
later adopted as the national language of Nepal and
popularly known as Nepali language, and duly
enshrined in the eighth schedule of the Indian
Constitution. The first word that a Khas child learns is the
word "Arna' meaning mother.
Over 90% of the Khasa tribe are dependent on
agriculture for their livelihood and this may the reason
why a large percentage of Khas people live in Kahmpong a
predominantly agricultural area. But agriculture is not just a
means of livelihood for the Khasa tribe. It is a passion and a
deep rooted culture which they enjoy to the hilt There
are references in history, and books on ethnography,
sociology and anthropology, where the Khasa tribe are said
to ha e taught other communities ways of agri-farming.
However, this must though, be a reciprocal exchange of
ideas and skil] . And those were different times. There
was plenty of land, water and labour.
From all available evidences, it is quite clear that the
Khasa tribe are the real "Sons of the Soil" of India and they
migrated to different parts of India, and also c-learing the
confusion and stigma of their having migrated from
Nepal. Actually they seem to have migrated through
Nepal and not from Nepal. This fact is further established
by the present political developments in Nepal, where,
despite having a substantial Khasa population, there is no
scope of a Khasa Pradesh or Khasastan in the proposed
federal structure of Nepal.
13th Dalai Lama 14th Dalai Lama Alexandra David Neel Andrew Irvine Anita Desai

Angie Dickinson Chogyels Of Sikkim Cindy Crawford Dev Anand Devika Rani

01
 “Illustrious Visitors
Some Of Kalimpong's
“

Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru Dr. B.C. Roy Ms. Mamata Banerjee Indira Gandhi Kings Of Nepal

Pranab Mukherjee Padmaja Naidu Rabindra Nath Tagore Mother Teresa Kings Of Bhutan

01
 Nicholas Roerich George Mallory Edward Felix Norton General Bruce Prince Peter
Of Greece & Denmark

Prince Kin Maung Lat Princess Ashin Hteik Su Princess Beatrice Princess Hope Namgyel Rakhee Gulzar
Myat Phaya Lat

01
John Kenneth Galbraith Heinrich Harrer Edmund Hillary Kiran Desai Krishna Menon

Lady Mountbatten Lord Carmichael Dominuque Lappiere James Cameron Nargis

01
Rev. Macfarlane Richard Gere Sangharakshita Sarojini Naidu Shabana Azmi

Shirley Maclaine Sogyal Rimpoche Sunil Dutt Tenzing Norgay Zeenat Aman

01