Class 10 Maths Most Repeated Questions in CBSE Exams For 2024 Exam

124
MOST REPEATED
QUESTIONS
IN CBSE EXAMS (CHAPTERWISE)
10 MATHS
th This book contains the most often
repeated questions and are a must
do for the board exam
2020 These are questions you need to know for sure.


 Do them again and again.

 Complete answer and solutions for every question.
 Covers the most important questions chapter wise.
 Good for quick revision of important questions.
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Most Repeated Questions in CBSE Exams
Real Numbers
1) Show that of the numbers n, n+2 and n+4, only one of them is divisible by 3.
2012/2013/2014/2015/2016 [2 marks]
Let n be any positive integer. Then,
n=3q or 3q +1 or 3q+2.
If n=3q , then n= 3q is divisible by 3, n+2 = 3q+2 is not divisible by 3 and also
n+4 = 3q+4=3(q+1) is not divisible by 3.
If n =3q+1, then n=3q+1 not divisible by 3, n+2=3q+1=3(q+1) is divisible by 3 and
n+2=3q+1+4=3(q+1)+2 is not divisible by 3.
If n=3q+2, then n=3q+2 is not divisible by 3, n+2=3q+2+2=3(q+1)+1 is not
divisible by 3 and n+4 = 3q+2+4= 3(q+2) is divisible by 3.
The only one, out of n, n+2 and n+4, is divisible by 3.
2) Use Euclid's division lemma to show that the square of any positive integer is
either of the form 3m or 3m+1 for some integer m.
2010/2011/2012/2013/2014/2016 [3 marks]
Let α be a positive integer. Then, it can be expressed as 3q or 3q+1 or 3q+2.
Now, we have to show that the square of each of these can be written in the form 3m
or 3m+1.
If α =3q, we have: α2 = (3q)2=3×3q2
=3m, where m=3q2.
If α=3q+1, then α2=(3q+1)2=9q2++6q+1=3(3q2+2q)+1
=3m+1. Where m=3q2+2q.
If α=3q+2, then α2 =(3q+2)2
=9q2 +12q+4
=3(3q2+4q+1)+1
=3m+1, where m=3q2+4q+1.
Thus, α2 is either of the form 3m or 3m+1.
3) Use Euclid's division lemma to show that the cube of any positive integer is of
the form 9m, 9m+1 or 9m+8.
2010/2011/2012/2014/2015/2016 [3 marks]
Let α be any positive integer. Then, it is of the form 3p, 3p+1 or 3p+2. Now we have
to show that the cube of each of these can be expressed in the form 9m, 9m+1 or
9m+8.
Most Repeated Questions in Board Exams 1 www.studysmartcbse.com

If α = 3p, then α3=(3p)3=9(3p3) = 9m, where m=3p3.
If α = 3p+1, then α3 =(3p+1)3 = (3p)3+3(3p)2.1+3(3p).12+13
=27p3 + 27p2+9p+1.
=9(3p3 +3p2+p)+1
=9m+1, where m=3p3+3p2+p.
If α=3p+2, then α3 =(3p+2)3
=(3p)3 + 3(3p)2 .2+3(3p).22+23
=27p3 + 54p2+36p+8.
=9(3p3 +6p2+4p)+8
=9m+8, where m=3p3+6p2+4p.
Thus, α3 is either of the form 9m, 9m+1 or 9m+8 for some integer m.
4) The traffic lights at three different road crossings change after every 48 seconds
72 seconds and 108 seconds respectively. If they all change simultaneously at 8:00
hours, then at what time will they again change simultaneously?
2014/2015/2016 [3 marks]
48=2×2×2×2×3
72=2×2×2×3×3
108=2×2×3×3×3
So, LCM (48,72,108) = 2×2×2×2×3×3×3=432.
Now, 432 seconds = 7 minutes and 12 seconds.
Hence, they will again simultaneously change at 8:07:12 hours.
5) Prove that √ is an irrational number.

2013/2014/2015/2016 [3 marks]
If possible , let √ be rational number.
Let √ = , where a and b are co-prime and b≠0.
So, 3 a2/b2 or 3b2 = a2. ….. (1)

Also a2 is divisible by 3 a is divisible by 3. ……(2)
Let a=3c, where c is an integer.
a2=9c2
3b2=9c2 [substituting a = 3c in (1)]
Or b2=3c2.
b2 is divisible by 3 and hence b is divisible by 3. …….(3)
From (2) and (3), we conclude that 3 is common factor of and b.
But, we assumed that a and b are co-prime. Hence, a contradiction.
√ is not a rational number, i.e., it is an irrational number.

6) Find the smallest positive rational number by which should be multiplied so
that its decimal expansion terminates after 2 places of decimal.
2014/2015/2016 [3 marks]
We have :
For terminating decimal expression , 7 should be removed from the denominator.

Further, for decimal expansion to terminate after 2 places of decimal, there should
be 22.52 in the denominator.
So, smallest positive rational number to obtain a decimal expansion terminating
after 2 decimal places is = .
[Note that by multiplying will also give a decimal expansion
terminating after 2 decimal places. But smallest positive rational number is ]
Polynomials
7) If α and β are zeroes of a quadratic polynomial 4x2 + 4x +1, then form a quadratic
polynomial whose zeroes are 2α and 2β.
2014/2016 (3 marks)
α and β are zeroes of polynomial 4x2+ 4x +1.
4 1
So,       1......(1) and   ....(2)
4 4
2  2  2(   )  2(1)
Now, [From (1)]
 2
1
2  2  4  4   1
And 4 [From (2)]
So, the required polynomial is x2 -(-2)x+1=x2+2x+1.

8) If one zero of the polynomial 2x2 - 5x -(2k+1) is twice the other, find both the
zeroes of the polynomial and the value of the k.
2015/2016 (3 marks)
Let one zero of 2x2-5x-(2k+1) be α.

So the other zero is 2α.
5 5 5 5
So we have:   2     3     .
2 2 2 6

5 5
So zeroes are and
6 3
5 5 c
Now product of zeroes =  
6 3 a
25  (2k  1) 25
    (2k  1)
18 2 9
 25  18 k  9
 34 17
 18 k  34  k  
18 9
5 5 17
Hence the zeroes are and and the value of k is  .
6 3 9
9) What should be added in the polynomial x3 - 2x2 - 3x -4 so it is completely
divisible by x2 -x ? 2015/2016 (3marks)
We divide x 2  2 x 2  3 x  4 by x 2  x .
x 2  x x 3  2 x 2  3x  4 x  1
x3  x 2
 
 x 2  3x  4
 x2  x
 
 4x  4
Hence remainder is  4 x  4 so  ( 4 x  4) must be added for the polynomial
becoming divisible by x 2  x .
10) Find all the zeroes of the polynomial 2x4 - 9x3 + 5x2 + 3x -1, if two of its
zeroes are 2  3and 2  3
2014/2015 (4 marks)
2  3 and 2  3 are zeroes of the polynomial, i.e, x 2  4 x  4  3 or

x 2  4 x  1 is a factor of the given polynomial. Now, we have:
x 2  4 x  1 2 x 4  9 x 3  5 x 2  3x  1 2 x 2  x  1
2 x 4  8x3  2 x 2
  

 x 3  3x 2  3x  1
 x3  4 x 2  x
  
 x2  4x 1
 x2  4x 1
  
0
Hence , we have:
2 x 4  9 x3  5x 2  3x  1  ( x 2  4 x  1)(2 x 2  x  1)
Now, 2x2  x 1  2x2  2x  x 1
 2 x( x  1)  1( x  1)
 ( x  1)(2 x  1)
1
Now, x 1  0  x  1 and 2 x  1  0  x   .
2
Thus all the zeroes of the given polynomial are
1
2  3 ,2  3 ,1 and  .
2
11) If α and β are zeroes of the polynomial 2x2 - 7x + 5, then find the value of
2 2
 .
 
2015/2016(3 marks)
α and β are zeroes of 2x2-7x+5.
 (7) 7 5
So,     and  
2 2 2
 2  2  3   3 (   )3  3 (   )
  
   
3
7 5 7 343 105
   3  
Now,   
2 2 2
 8 4
5 5
2 2
(343  210 ) 2 133
  
8 5 20

Pair of Linear Equations in two variables
12) Find whether the lines representing the following pair of linear equations
intersect at a point, are parallel or coincident:
x + y = 7.
x+ y=6
2015/2016 [3 marks]
We have:
a1 = , b1 = , and c1 = -7.
a2 = , b2 = , and c2 = -6.
= = 1; = × = and = =
Since, ≠ , so lines will intersect at a point.
13) Check graphically, whether the pair of equations x + 3y = 6; 2x – 3y =12 is

consistent. If so, then solve them graphically.
2013/2015/2016 [3 marks]
For the graph of equation x + 3y = 6, i.e., y
= :
When x = -3, y = 3;
when x = 0, y = 2;
when x = 3, y = 1.
Thus, the table is:
x -3 0 3
y 3 2 1
For the graph of equation
2x – 3y = 12,
i.e., y =
When x = 3, y = -2;

When x = 0, y = -4;
When x = 6, y = 0.
Thus, the table is:

x 3 0 6
y -2 -4 0
The graph of the given equation is as shown above
From the graph, since the two lines are intersecting, so the pair of equations is
consistent.
Since the lines intersect at (6, 0), the solution of the pair of equations is x = 6 and
y =0.
14) A part of monthly hostel charges is fixed and the remaining depends on the
number of days one has taken food in the mess. When Swati takes food for days,
she has to pay Rs.3000 as hostel charges, whereas Mansi who takes food for
days pays Rs. 3500 as hostel charges. Find the fixed charges and the cost of food
per day.
2014/2016 [3 marks]
Let the fixed charges be Rs. x and the cost of food per day be Rs. y. So, according to
given conditions, we get
x + 20y = 3000 …(1)
and x + 25y = 3500 ….(2)
From eqn. (1), x = 3000 – 20y. Substituting x = 3000 – 20y in eqn. (2) we get
3000 – 20y + 25y =3500 y= = 100.
Putting y = 100 in eqn. (1), we get x + 20 100 = 3000
x + 2000 = 3000 x =3000 – 2000 = 1000

Thus, fixed charges are Rs.1000 and cost of food per day is Rs.100.
15) A lending library has a fixed charge for the first two days and an additional
charge for each day thereafter. Abdul paid Rs.30 for a book kept for 6 days, while
Kaira paidRs.45 for a book kept for 9 days. Find the fixed charge and the charge for
each extra day.
2015/2016 [ 1 mark]
Let the fixed charge be Rs.x and additional charge per day be Rs.y.
So, as per given conditions,
x + (6 – 2)y = 30 x + 4y = 30 …(1)
x + (9 – 2)y = 45 x + 7y = 45 ...(2)
Subtracting (1) form (2) we get
7 – 4y = 45 – 30

3y = 15
y= = 5.
Putting y = 5 in (1), we get

x + 4 × 5 = 30
x = 30 – 20 = 10.
Thus, fixed charge is RS. 10 and additional charge is Rs.5 per day.
16) A man has certain notes of denominations Rs. 20 and Rs.5 which amount to
Rs.380.If the number of notes of each kind are interchanged, they amount to
Rs.60 less than before. Find the number of notes of each denomination.
2014/2015/2016 [3 marks]
Let the number of notes of Rs. 20 be x and that of Rs.5 be y. So, as per given
conditions, we have:
20x + 5y = 380 4x + y = 76 …(1)
And 20y + 5x = 380 – 60 5x + 20y = 320
x + 4y = 64 …(2)
Multiplying eqn. (1) by (4), we get
16x + 4y = 304
Subtracting eqn. (2) from eqn. (3), we get
16x – x = 304 – 64 15x = 240 x= = 16.
Putting x = 16 in eqn. (1), we get 4 × 16 + y = 76 y = 76 – 64 = 12.

Thus, there are 16 notes of Rs.20 and 12 notes of Rs.5.
17) Solve the following pair of linear equations for x and y:
+ = 2.
ax – by = a2 – b2
2010/2012/2013 [3 marks]
The given system of equation is:
+ =2 bx + ay – 2ab = 0 …..(1)
and ax – by = a2 - b2 ax – by – (a2 – b2) = 0. .…(2)

By cross-multiplication, we get
( ) ( )( )
= ( ) ( )
= ( )
( )
= ( )
=

= =
( ) ( ) ( )
( )
= ( )
=
( )
= =
x = a, y = b.
Hence the solution of the given system of equations is x= a, y=b
18) Solve the following pair of equations by reducing them to a pair of linear
equations
= 4 and = 15.
2013/2015 [3 marks]
We have:
=5 - = 5. …(1)
and = 15 + = 15. …(2)
Putting = u and = vin equations (1) and (2) for reducing them to linear equations,
we get
7u – 2v = 5 …(2)
8u + 7v = 15…(4)
Multiplying eqn. (3) by 7 and eqn. (4) by 2 and adding, we get
49u – 14v = 35
16u + 14v = 30
65u = 65 u=1
Putting u = 1 in eqn. (3), we get
7 × 1 – 2v = 5 v= = = 1.
Therefore, =u=1 y = 1 and = v = 1 x = 1.

19) Solve for x and y:
+ = 10.
- = 4.
2015/2016 [3 marks]
We have: + = 10.
and - = 4.
Let u = and v =
So, we have: u + v =10 …(1)

And u–v=4 …(2)
Adding (1) and (2) we get
2u = 14 u= u = 7.
Putting u = 7 in (1), we get
7 + v = 10 v = 10 – 7 = 3.
Now, u=7 = 7.
7x + 7 = 1 7x = -6 x=
Also, v=3 = 3.
3y + 3 =1 3y = -2 y= .
20) Solve for x and y:
+ = 2; - = 1.
2010/2012/2016 [3 marks]
Putting u = and v = , the given equation can be written as
5u + v = 2 …(1)
and 6u – 3v =1 …(2)

Multiplying eqn. (1) by 3, we get
15u + 3v = 6 …(3)
Adding eqns. (2) and (3) we get
21u = 7 u=
= x–1=3 x = 4.
Putting u = in (1), we get
+v=2 v=2- =
= y–2=3
y=5
Quadratic Equations
21. Solve the given equation for :
2011/2012/2014 [3 marks]
⇒
( ) ( )
⇒ ( ) ( )
⇒ ( )
⇒ ( )
⇒ ( ) ( )
⇒( )( )
⇒( ) ( )
So,

22) A two digit number is such that the product of the digits is 18. When 63 is
subtracted from the number, the digits interchange their places. Find the number.
2011/2015/2015 [3 Marks]
Let units digit be x. then tens digits =
Number = .
On interchanging the digits, the number becomes
Therefore,
⇒ ( ) ( ) 0
⇒( )( )
neglecting the negative value of x as the digits is positive,
Hence, the number =
23) A certain group of students uses the internet services for a monthly charge of
Rs. 4800. If 4 more students join the group, each person would pay Rs.200 less.
Find the number of students in the group in the beginning.
2014/2015 (4 Marks)
Let the number of students in the group in the beginning be x.
So, share of each student for using internet services in a month =Rs.
As per given condition,
( )( )
Or – 200 + – 800 = 4800
Or = 800
Or
Or
Or
√( ) ( )

√


√
 =
i.e. x = 8 or x = -12.
Since number of students cannot be negative,
Therefore number of students in the beginning = 8.
24) If the equation ( ) ( ) of x has equal roots,

prove that
( ).
2012/2014 (3 marks)
( ) ( ) , It has equal roots.
 ( ) *( ) +* +
4 ( )( )( )
 
 ( ).
25) -4 is a root of the quadratic and the quadratic equation

has equal roots. Find the values of p and k.
2012/2015 ( 3 marks)
√ .
Arithmetic Progression
26) Which term of the AP: 120, 116, 112…. is its first negative term?
2012/2015 [2 marks)
Let nth term of the APbe zero. Then, ⇒ ( )
So ( )( )
Or
Or

The first negative term of the AP is (n+1)th term = term.
27) The ratio of the 5th and 3rd terms of AP Find the ratio of the 15th and 7th
terms.
2014/2015 (4 Marks)
13:1
28) In an AP, 6th term is half the 4th term and 3rd term is 15. How many terms are
needed to give a sum that is equal to 66?
2012/2014/2015 (4 Marks)
( )⇒ ………………(1)
Also, ……………….(2)
From ( ) ( ), ⇒
Putting, ( ),
( )
Now , ( ) ( )( )]
⇒ ( )
⇒ 2
⇒ ( )( ) ⇒
So, terms needed are
In this case, the sum of thto 11th terms will be zero.
So, only 5 terms are needed for the purpose.
29) In a garden bed, there are roseplants in the first row, are in the nd, in
3rd row and so on. There are 5 plants in the last row. How many rows are there of
rose plants? Also, find the total number of rose plants in the garden.
2012/2014/2015 (4Marks)

The number of rose plants in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd ……, last rows are 23, 21, 19…..,
( )
⇒ ( )( )
⇒ .
Total number of rose plants in the flower bed
, ( ) -
i.e. ( ) .
30) The sum of first six terms of an AP is . The ratio of 10th term to its th term is
. Calculate the first term and the th term of AP.
Let the first term be a and common difference be d. Then,
, ( ) -
⇒ ( )
According to the equation,
⇒a=d.
Putting ( ) ⇒
Therefore .
31) The houses of a row are numbered consecutively from 1 to 49. Show that there is
a value of x such that the sum of the numbers of houses preceding the house
numbered x is equal to the sum of the number of houses following it. Find the value
of x.
Here, we are given that
{ ( )+ *( ) ( ) ( ) +
⇒ . /* ( ) + . /* ( ) ( ) }

⇒ ( )( ) ( )( )
⇒ ( )( ) ( )( )
⇒ ⇒
⇒ √
Thus, value of is
32) If the sum of the first terms of an AP is and the sum of first n terms is
m then show that the sum of its first( ) terms is ( )
Let the AP be,
So, , ( ) -
⇒ ( ) - ( )
Also, , ( ) -
⇒ , ( ) - …….(2)
Subtracting ( )from ( ), We have:
( ) ,( ) ( )- ( )
⇒ ( )
So, , ( ) -
( ) ( )
Thus, it shows that the sum of the first ( ) terms of the AP is – ( )

Triangles
33. ABCD is a trapezium, in which AB is parallel to DC and its diagonals intersect
each other at point O. show that
2014/2016 (2 Marks)
In the figure, ABCD is a trapezium with AB DC .
Construction: Through O, draw EF  DC (see figure).
Now, in ADC, EO DC, by BPT, we get:
-------------(1)
Also, since AB DC and EO DC, we have:
EO AB.
So, in DAB, we have:
(By BPT)
 ------(2)
From (1) and (2) we get:
 (Proved)
34. In ABC, X is the middle point of AB. If XY BC, then prove that Y is the middle
point of AC.
2015/2016 (3 Marks)
In figure, X is the mid-point of AB and XY BC.
From BPT,
 (X is the mid-point of AB)
 
So, Y is the mid-point of AC.

35. In the figure, AD is median of ABC and E is the mid-point of AD. If BE is
produced to meet AC at F, then prove that
2015/2016(3 Marks)
In the figure,
Draw DG BF.
In ADG, we have:
AE = ED (Given)
EF DG (DG BF)
So, by BPT,
 (AE = ED)
 AF = FG -----(1)
Similarly, in CBF, we have:

BD = DC
And DG BF
So, by BPT,
 (CD = BD)
 CG = FG ------(2)
From (1) and (2),
AF = FG = CG
Also, AC = AF + FG + GC
So, AF =

36. The diagonals of a quadrilateral ABCD intersect each other at the point O, such
that Show that ABCD is a trapezium.
2014/2016 (3 Marks)
Through O, draw a parallel EF to DC. (See figure)
So, in ADC, we get
(By BPT) ------(1)
Again, (Given)
So, ------(2)
From (1) and (2), we get
Hence, OE AB (By converse of BPT) ----- (3)
Also, OE DC (By construction) ------ (4)
From (3) and (4), AB DC

Hence ABCD is a trapezium.
37. In the given figure, ABCD is a trapezium with AB DC, E and F are the points on
non-parallel sides AD and BC respectively such that EF AB. Prove that
2011/2012/2013/2014/2016 (3 Marks)
Given AB CD (Given)
And EF AB (Given)
 AB DC EF.

Join AC. It intersects EF at O.
In ADC, OE CD as EF CD.
Therefore, (By BPT) ……….(1)
In ACB, OF AB as EF AB.
Therefore, (By BPT) ………..(2)
From (1) and (2), we have:
38. In the given figure ABC is an equilateral Triangle, whose each side measures
units. P and Q are two points on BC produced such that PB = BC = CQ.
Prove that:
( ) ( )
2015/2016 (3 Marks)
InPAB, PB = AB
So, APB = PAB
Also, ABP = 180 - 60 = 120
So, APB = PAB = ( )
Similarly, QAC = QCA = 30
So, PAQ = PAB + BAC + QAC
Now, in PQA and PAB, we have:
APQ = APB (Each )
PAQ = PBA (Each )

And PQA = PAB (Each )
So, PQA PAB (By AAA similarity creation)
Hence, (Proved)
(b)
PQ = 3
So, from
(Proved)
39. In the figure, if A = D, then prove that AE
2014/2015/2016 (3 Marks)
In AEC and DEC, we have:
A = D (Given)
And AEF = DEC (Vertically opposite angles)
So, AEF DEC (By AA similarity

criterion)
Therefore,
 AE DC = DE AF, Proved.
40. In the given figure, ABC DEF, AP bisects CAB and DQ bisects FDE.
Prove that:
(a)

(b)  
2015/2016 (3 Marks)
(a) ABC DEF (Given)
So, CAB = FDE and B = E ……..(1)
Now, CAB = FDE  CAB = FDE.
 PAB = QDE ………(2)
So, APB DQE [From (1) and (2), AA

similarity criterion]
(b)
Now, ABC DEF

So, (Because , Proved above) ….(1)
Also, since CAB = FDE, so CAB = FDE.
 CAP = FDQ ……..(2)

From (1) and (2),
CAP FDQ (By SAS similarity criterion)
41. If ABC DEF and AX, DY are respectively the medians of ABC and DEF.
Then prove that:
(i) ABX DEY
(ii) ACXDFY
(iii)
2014/2015 (4 Marks)
ABC DEF (Given)

So,
 
And 3 (Corresponding sides are proportional and
 
corresponding
angles are equal)
From

(X and Y are mid points of BC and EF)
 ……..(2)
(i)
Now, in ABX and DEY, we have:
[From (2)]
And B = E [From (1)]
So, ABX DEY (By SAS similarity criterion), proved.

(ii)
Again,
  ……….(3)
And C = F [From (1)]
So, ACX DFY (By SAS), Proved.

(iii)
From (i) above,
 Proved.
42. In the figure, BED = BDE and E is the middle point of BC. Prove that
2014 /2015/ 2016 (4 Marks)
Construction: On AB, take a point G such that CG DF.
In BDE, E = D (Given) …….(1)

So, BD = BE …….(2)

From BCG, we have:
DE GC
So,
But BD = BE [From (2)]

So, EC = DG
 BE = DG (E is mid-point of BC) ……(3)
Now, CG FD (By construction)
So, ACG AFD
So,
 . [From (3)], Proved.
43 In the figure,   
( )
2014/2015/2016 (4 Marks)
AB  BD and XY  BD (ABD = 90 , XYD = 90 )
 AB XY
So, BAX = YXD

Hence, DXY DAB (By AA similarity criterion)
So, ……(1)
Also, by AA similarity criterion,
BXY BCD
So, ……..(2)
From (1), 
So, from (2), we have:
 cb – bc = ac
 ab = ac + bc
 ab = c(a + b), proved
44. In the parallelogram ABCD, middle point of CD is M. A line segment BM is

drawn which cuts AC at L and meets AD extended at E. Prove that EL = 2BL.
2014/2015/2016 (4 Marks)
In EDM and BCM, we have

DM = CM (Given)
DME = BME (Vertically opposite angles)
DEM = CBM (Alternate interior angles, DEBC)
So, EDM = BCM (By AAS congruence criterion)
 DE = BC (CPCT)
So, DE = AD (Because BC = AD)
Now, in AEL and CBL, we have:
ELA = BLC (Vertically opposite angles)
DEL = CBL (Vertically interior angles)

So, AEL CBL (By AA similarity criterion)
(Corresponding sides are proportional)
 (Since AD = DE)
 (BC = AD)
2BL = EL EL = 2BL, proved.
45. Prove that if two sides and a median bisecting the third side of a triangle are
respectively proportional to the corresponding sides and the median of another
triangle, then the two triangles are similar.
2012/2013/2014/2016 ( 4 Marks)
Produce AD to E such that AD = DE and PM to N such that PM = MN.
Join CE and RN.
Now, ABD ECD (SAS)
And PQM NRM (SAS)

So, AB = CE and PQ = RN (By CPCT)
Now, in ACE and PRN,
 (∵AB = CE and PQ = RN)
So, ACE PRN (By SSS similarity criterion)
So, CAD =  RPM …….(1)
Again, in BAD and QPM,
BAD = CED (∵ABD ECD)
QPM = RNM (∵PQM NRM)
AEC = PNR (∵AEC PNR)
Therefore, BAD = QPM ……….(2)
Adding (1) and (2), A = P.
Now, in ABC and PQR,
 
So, ABC PQR (By SAS similarity criterian)

46. Prove that the area of the equilateral triangle described on the side of a square is
half the area of the equilateral triangle described on its diagonal.
2010/2011/2015/2016 (3 Marks)
Given: A square ABCD. Equilateral s BCE and ACF have been drawn on side BC
and diagonal AC respectively.
To prove: ( ) ( )
Proof:   [Being equilateral, so similar by AAA criterion of

similarity]
( )
 ( )
( )

( )
[Diagonal = √  √ ]
(√ )
( )
 ( )
 ( ) ( )
47. Prove that the ratio of the areas of two similar triangles is equal to the square of
the ratio of their corresponding medians
2012/2013/2015/2016 (3 Marks)
Given: ABC DEF and AM and DN are medians of two triangles.
( )
To prove: ( )
. /
Proof: ABC DEF (Given)

( )
 ( )
. / …..(1)
And .
Also, B = E.
Now,

So, we have:
and B = E.
So, ABM DEN (By SAS similarity criterion)
 …..(2)
So, from (1) and (2),
( )
( )
( )
( )
48. In a ABC, DE BC. If AD: DB = 3: 5, then find ( )
2014/2015/2016 (4 Marks)
In the figure, DE BC

 
So, 3 (Alternate angles)
 
So, DFE CFB (AA similarity creation)
( )
So, ( )
. / …………(1)
Now, we are given
………….(2)
 1+
  ………….(3)
So, from (2) and (3),
 ………..(4)
Now, from DE BC, we also have:
D = B and E = C (Corresponding angles)
So, ADE ABC
So, from (4), we get

Putting in (1), we get
( )
( )
. / .
49. Prove that the ratio of the areas of two similar triangles is equal to the square of
the ratio of their corresponding sides. 2012/2013/2015/2016 (4 Marks)
Given: Two s ABC and DEF such that ABC DEF.

( )
To prove:
( )
Construction: Draw AL  BC and DM  EF.

Proof: Since similar triangles are equiangular and their corresponding sides are
proportional, therefore
ABC DEF
 A = D, B = E, C =F
And ……….(1)
Now, in s ALB and DME, we have:
ALB = DME [∵Each = 90 ]
And B = E [From (1)]
 By AA criterion of similarly, we have:

 
 ………(2)
From (1) and (2), we get
……..(3)
( )
Now, ( )
[From (3), ]
But, 

( )
Hence, ( )
50. In an isosceles triangle, if the length of its sides are AB = 5cm, AC = 5cm and BC
= 6cm, then find the length of its altitude drawn from A on BC.
2014/2015/2016 (1 Mark)
AD  BC
So, ABD ACD (RHS)
 BD = CD = = 3 cm
From right triangle ABD, we have:

 
Thus, AD = 4 cm.
51. Prove that in an equilateral triangle, three times of the square of one of the sides
is equal to four times of the square of one of its altitudes.
2013/2015/2016 (2 Marks)
ABC is an equilateral triangle.

So, AB = BC = CA
Also, AD  BC
So, AD divides BC into two equal parts,
i.e. BD = DC
Now, in rt. ADC,

= . /
Or =
Or = (∵AB = BC = AC)
Or
Or
Or 3
i.e. three times the square of a side of an equilateral triangle is equal to four times
the square of its altitude.
52. In the figure, in ABC, AD  BC. Prove that .
2013/2015/2016 (2 Marks)
In rt. ADB,
 ………(1)
In rt. ADC,
= ( )
= ( ) ……….(2)
From (1) and (2),
( )
53. The perpendicular from A on the side BC of aABC intersects BC at D such that
DB = 3CD. Prove that .
2013/2015/2016 (2 Marks)
BD = 3CD  BD – CD = 2 CD
Also, BC = BD + CD = 4CD ……..(1)

Now,
So,
 2( ) – 2( ) = 2( )
 2( ) – 2( ) = 2(BD + CD)(BD - CD)
 2( ) – 2( )= ( ) [∵BC = 4CD from (1)]
 2( ) = 2( )+B
54. In an equilateral triangle ABC , D is a point on side BC such that 3BD = BC.
Prove that .
2010/2011/2013/2016 (2 Marks)
Let ABC be an equilateral triangle and let D be a point on BC such that
Draw AE  BC. Join AD.
In s AEB and AEC, we have:
AEB = AEC (∵ Each = 90 )
And AE = AE (common)
 By RHS congruence criterion, we have:
AEB AEC
 BE = EC (CPCT)
Now, we have:
BD = BC, DC = BC – BD BC – BC =
So, DE = DC – EC = BC – …….(1)
And BE = EC = BC ……..(2)
In rt. AED,
……..(3)

And in rt. AEB,
………(4)
From (3) and (4),
= . / . / [Using (1) and (2)]
  (∵AB = BC)
55. D and E are points on the sides CA and CB respectively of ABC, right angled at
C. Prove that
2012/2013/2015/2016 (2 Marks)
We have:
And
 +
( ) ( )
________________________________________________________
56. Prove that the equilateral triangles described on the two sides of a right angled
triangle are together equal to the equilateral triangle described on the hypotenuse in
terms of their areas.
2010/2011/2012/2015/2016 (2 Marks)
Given: A right angled ABC with right angle at B. Equilateral s PAB, QBC and
RAC are described on the sides AB, BC and CA respectively.
To prove: ar (PAB) + ar (QBC) = ar (RAC).

Proof: Since s PAB, QBC and RAC are equilateral, therefore they are equiangular
and hence similar.
( ) ( )
 + +
( ) ( )
[∵ABC is right angled with B=  ]

( ) ( )

( )
 ( ) ( ) ( )
57. As shown in the figure, a 26m long ladder is placed at A. If it is placed along wall
PQ, it reaches a height of 24m, whereas it reaches a height of 10m, if it is placed
against wall RS. Find the distance between the walls.
2014/2015/2016 (2 Marks)
From ABQ,
 ( ) ( ) 
  √
From ASC,
 ( ) ( ) 
  √
So, distance between the walls
= QS
= AQ+ AS = 10 + 24 = 34 m.

58. In aABC, from any interior point O, OD  BC, OE  AC and OF  AB are
drawn. Prove that:
(i)
(ii) A
2014/2015/2016 (4 Marks)
Join OA, OB and OC.
(i) ……..(1)
……..(2)
and ……..(3)
Adding (1), (2) and (3), we get:
 ………(4)
(ii) Similarly, we can find that:
……..(5)
So, from (4) and (5), we get:
59. ABC is right angled at C. If BC = a, CA = b, AB = c and p is length of

perpendicular drawn from C on AB, then prove that:
(i) cp = ab
(ii)
2014/2015/2016 (2 Marks)

In the figure, we have:
CP  PB and CP =
(i) Area of ABC =
Also, Area of ABC =
So, we have:
 Proved.
(ii)
 . / [From ]
  
 Proved.
60. Prove that in a right triangle, the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of
the squares of the other two sides or state and prove Pythagoras theorem.
2010/2011/2012/2013/2014/2016 (2 Marks)
Given: A right angled ABC, in which B =
To prove:
Construction: From B, draw BD  AC
Proof: In s ADB and ABC, we have:
ADB = ABC [∵Each = ]

And A = A [Common]
 By AA similarity criterion, we have:
ADB ABC
 [∵ Corresponding sides are proportional]
 …….(1)
In s BDC and ABC, we have:
CDB = ABC [∵ Each = ]
And C = C [Common]
So, by AA similarity criterion, we have:
BDC ABC
 [∵ Corresponding sides are proportional]
 …….(2)
Adding (1) and (2) we get
 ( )
61. In the figure, BL and CM are the medians of a triangle right angled at A. Prove
that:
( )
2010/2011/2013/2015/2016 (2 Marks)
Given that M is the mid-point of AB and L is the mid-point of AC.
In rt. ABC,
……(1)
In rt. ABL,
……(2)

In rt. AMC,
……(3)
Adding (2) and (3) and subtracting (1) from the result, we get
= . / +. / (∵AM = MB and AL = LC)
[From (1)]
 4( )-4
Or 4( )=5
Coordinate Geometry
62.Using the distance formula, show that the points ( ), ( ), and ( )

are collinear.
2014/2015 [3 Marks]
√( ) ( √ ) √
√( ) ( √ ) √
√( ) ( ) √ √
Now, √ √ = √ .
Therefore, A, B, and C are collinear.
63. The co-ordinates of the vertices of a quadrilateral ABCD are ( ),

( ) ( ), and ( ). Prove that the quadrilateral ABCD is a rhombus.
2014/2015 [4 Marks]
We have:
√( ) ( ) √ √ ,
√( ) ( ) √ ,
√( ) ( ) √
√
and √( ) ( ) √ √ .
Thus, √ .
Hence, ABCD is a rhombus.

64. Prove that the points ( ), ( ), and ( ) are the vertices of an isosceles
right angled triangle. Find the length of the hypotenuse and also find its area.
2014/2015 [4 Marks]
Let points ( ), ( ), and ( ) represent A, B, and C respectively.

So, √( ) ( ) √ √ √ units.
√( ) ( ) √( ) units.
and √( ) ( ) √ √ √ units.
Since
and , so A, B, and C are vertices of an isosceles triangle.
Hypotenuse = BC = 10 units.
, ( ) ( ) ( )-sq. units.
, -sq. units.
sq. units.
Introduction to Trigonometry
( )
65. If √ sin θ is = cos θ, find the value of
2015/2016 (1 Mark)
√ sin θ = cos θ = .
√
tan θ = …….(1)
√
( ) ( )
Now we have: =
(Dividing numerator and denominator by cos θ)
( √
( ) √ √ ) ( √ ) √
= =
√
=
√
= .
( √ )
√ √
√
= = .
√

66. If sin θ = 0˚< θ <90˚, find the value of ×
2015/2016 (3 Mark)
sin θ = .
So, if AB = 12x and AC =13x.

13x 12x
Then, BC2 = AC2 – AB2
=(13x)2 – (12x)2
= 169x2 – 144x2 = 25x2
θ
BC = √ = 5x C B
So, the value of .
. / . / . /
= × = ×
. /
= × × = = .
67. If 3 tan A = 4, then prove that:
(i) √ = (ii) √ =
√ √
2015/2016 (4 Mark)
3 tan A = 4 tan A = .
So, if BC = 4x, then AB=3x.
Hence, AC2 = AB2 + BC2 C
=(3x)2 + (4x)2 = 9x2 + 16x2 = 25x2
AC = √ = 5x.
4x
So, we have: sec A = = = ,
cosec A = = = ,
A B
sin A = = = , 3x

cos A = = = ,
Thus, we have:
( )
(i)L.H.S = √ =√ =√ =√ = =R.H.S
( ) √
( )
(ii)L.H.S = √ =√ =√ =√ = =R.H.S
( ) √
68. If cos θ = , find the value of . /.

2015/2016 [4 marks]
cos θ = .
So, if BC = 3x, then AC = 5x.

A
Hence, AB2 = AC2 - BC2
=(5x)2- (3x)2 = 16x2
AB = √ = 4x.
So, we have: cosec θ = = =
secθ = = = θ
C B
tanθ = = =
cot θ = = =
. /
Now, = = = = × = .

69. If cos (A + B) = = sin (A – B), then find A and B, when it is given that A+B and
A – B are acute angles.
2014/2015/2016 [4 marks]
cos (A + B) = A + B = 60˚ …..(1)
sin (A – B) = A – B = 30˚ .….(2)
Adding eqns. (1) and (2),
2A = 90˚ A= = 45˚.
Putting A = 45˚ in eqn. (1) , we get
45˚+ B = 60˚ B = 60˚- 45˚ = 15˚.
70. Find the value of tan (65˚- θ) – cot (25˚+ θ).

2014/2015/2016 [1 mark]
tan (65˚- θ) – cot (25+θ)
= tan (65˚ - θ) – cot [90˚-(65˚-θ)]
= tan (65˚ - θ) – tan (65˚- θ) = 0.
71. Find the value of × - × .

2014/2015/2016 [1 mark]
( )
- .
( ) ( )
= × - ×
= × - × = ×1 - × 1.
= - = = .
72. If A + B = 90˚, then prove that:
√ =tan A.
2011/2012/2013/2014/2015/2016 [1 mark]
Given A + B =90 ˚, B =90˚ - A
tan B = tan (90˚ - A) = cot A,

cot B = cot (90˚ - A) = tan A,
sin B = sin (90˚ - A) = cos A,
sec B = sec (90˚ - A) = cosec A,
L.H.S = √
=√ [cot A = andsin A = ]
=√ = tan A = R.H.S Hence proved.
73. Evaluate: (sin2 15˚+ sin2 75˚) +√ ( tan 13˚. tan 60˚.tan 27˚.cot 20˚.cot 70˚.tan
77˚.tan 63˚)
2015/2016[2 mark]
We have:
(sin2 15˚ +sin2 75˚) + √ (tan 13˚. tan 60˚. tan 27˚.cot 20˚.cot 70˚.tan 77˚.tan 63˚)
= (sin2 15˚ +cos2 15˚) + √ (tan 13˚.tan 60˚.tan 27˚.tan 70˚.cot 70˚. cot 13˚.cot 27˚)
= (1) + √ (tan 13˚. cot 13˚.tan 60˚.tan 27˚.cot 27˚.tan 70˚.cot 70˚) [cot (90˚ - = tan -
= 1 + √ (1 × √ × 1 × 1) = 1+3 =4. 0 1
74. Evaluate:
( )
2014/2015/2016[3 marks]
( )
=
( )
( ) ( )
=
( ( )
(√ )
=
( )
= = = = .

75. Show that: =
2013/2015/2016[3 marks]
We have: =
+ = =
Now, L.H.S = +
=
( )( )
= = = 2 sec θ.
=2× = = R.H.S
76. Prove that (sin θ + cosec θ)2 + (cos θ + sec θ)2 = 7 + tan2 θ +cot2 θ
2010/2011/2012/ 2013/2016[3 marks]
LHS = sin2 θ + cosec2 θ + 2 sin θ cosec θ + cos2 θ + sec2 θ + 2 cos θ sec θ
= sin2 θ + cos2 θ + cosec2 θ + sec2 θ +4
= 1 + 1 + cot2 θ + tan2 θ + 4
= 7 + cot2 θ + tan2 θ = RHS. Hence, proved.
77. Prove that (cosec θ - cot θ)2 =
2010/2011/2012/ 2013/2015/2016[3 marks]

LHS = (cosec θ – cotθ)2
=. / =. /
( ) ( )
= =
( )
= = =RHS. Hence, proved.
( )( )
78. If m sin θ + n cos θ = p and m cos θ – n sin θ = q, then prove that m2 + n2 = p2+q2.
2010/2011/2012/ 2013/2015/2016[3 marks]
We have: RHS = p2+q2
=(m sin θ + n cos θ)2 + (m cos θ – n sin θ)2
=(m2 sin2 θ + n2 cos2 θ +2mn sin θ cos θ) +(m2 cos2 θ + n2 sin2 θ – 2mn sin θ cos θ)

= m2 (sin2 θ + cos2 θ) + n2 (sin2 θ + cos2 θ)
= m2 + n2 =LHS. Hence, proved.
79. If m = cos A – sin A and n = cos A + sin A, then show that
= =
2014/2015/2016[4 marks]
We have: =
( ) ( )
=
( )( )
( ) ( )
=
= , proved.
Now, =
= = = RHS. Hence, proved.
80. If x = tan A + sin A and y =tan A -sin A, prove that: . / -. / = 1.
2014/2015/2016[4 marks]
LHS =. / -. /
=. / -. /
=. / -. / =. / – tan2 A.
= sec2 A – tan2 A = 1 + tan2 A - tan2 A = 1 = RHS. Hence, proved.
81. Prove that: + =2(2cosec2 A – 1) = 2. /.

2014/2015/2016[4 marks]
LHS = +

( ) ( )
=
( )( )
( )
= =
= = 2(2cosec2A – 1). Hence, proved.
Now, 2(2cosec2 A – 1)
=22 3
= 22 3 = 22 3 =2 2 3 . Hence, proved.
82. Prove that: =

2011/2012/ 2013/2015/2016[4 marks]
( )
LHS = [ cosec2 A – cot2 A = 1]
( ) ( )( )
=
( )( )
=
( )
= cot A + cosec A
= + = =RHS. Hence, proved.
83. If tan θ + sin θ = m and tan θ – sin θ = n, show that m2 – n2 = 4√
2010/2011/ 2013/2015/2016[4 marks]

We have:
LHS = m2 – n2 = (m + n)(m – n)
= 2 tan θ. 2 sin θ = 4 tan θ sin θ
RHS = 4√ = 4√( )( )
= 4√ = 4√

= 4 sin θ √ = 4 sin θ √
= 4 sin θ √ = 4 sin θ tan θ
LHS = RHS m2 – n2 = 4√
84. If x = a sin θ and y = b tan θ, then prove that - = 1.
2012/ 2013/2015/2016[4 marks]
- = -
= - = cosec2 θ – cot2 θ = 1.
85. Prove that:
√ +√ = 2cosec θ.
2010/2011/ 2012/ 2013/2016[4 marks]
LHS = √ +√
( ) ( ) ( )
=√ +√
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( )
=√ +√ = +
√ √
( ) ( )
=
√
= = =
√
= = 2cosec θ = RHS. Hence, proved.
Some Applications of Trigonometry

86. From the top of a hill, the angles of depression of two consecutive kilometers
stones east are found to be 30° and 45°.Find the height of the hill?
2014/2015 [3 marks]

Let h be the height of hill AB and C and D is the positions of two consecutive
kilometers stones.
A
30°
45°
45° 30°
B x C 1 km D
Also, let BC = x
From rt. ABC,


 ……………..(1)
From rt. ABD

 √
 √3 × h = x + 1
 √ [From (1)]
 (√ )
√
 √
( √ )
87. A man observes the angle of elevation of a bird to be 30°. He then walks 100m
towards the bird which is stationary and finds that the angle of elevation is 60°.
Find the height at which the bird is sitting?
2014/2015 [3 Marks]
Let B be the position of the bird which is at a height h from the ground level.
Let C and D be the positions of the man.

B
30° 60°
C 100 m D y A
From rt. ABD,

 √
 √ ……………….(1)
From rt. ABC,


√
 √
 √ –
From eq. (1),
 ( √ )√
 √
 √
 √


So, bird is sitting at a height of 86.6 m.

88. The angle of elevation of the top of a hill from the foot of a tower is 60° and the
angle of elevation of the top of the tower from the foot of the hill is 30°. If the tower
is 50 m high, find the height of the hill?
2012/2015 [3 Marks]
Let AB be the hill and CD be the tower.

A
h
C
50 m
m
60° 30°
B D
We have:
From BCD, we get


√
 √
From ABD, we get
 =
 h/(50√3) = √3

89. There are two temples, one an each bank of a river, just opposite to each other.
One temple is 50m high. From top of this temple, the angles of depression of the top
and the foot of the other temple are 30° and 60° respectively. Find the width of the
river and the height of the other temple?
2014/2015 [4 Marks]
Let AB be the width of the river, AC and BD are the temples of heights 50 m and h m
respectively.

C
30°
60°
30°
E D
50 m
60°
A B
From rt. CED,



√
 √ ( ) ………………….(1)
From rt. ABC,



 √
 .
√
So, from equation (1),
 √ ( )
√
 ( )


 .
Hence, width of river = √ and height of the other temple .
90. A tower stands on a horizontal plane and is surrounded by a flagstaff. At a point

on the plane, 70 meters away from the tower, an observer notices that the angles of
elevation of the top and bottom of the flagstaff are respectively 60° and 45°. Find
the height of the flagstaff and that of the tower?
2014/2015 [4 Marks]

Let BC be the flagstaff of height fixed on a tower AB of height
60°
45°
D 70 m A
From rt. ABD,




From rt. ACD,


 √
 √
 (√ )


Thus, height of flagstaff is and height of tower is .

91. A boy 2 m tall is standing at some distance from a 30 m tall building. The angle
of elevation from his eyes to the top of the building increases from 30° to 60° as he
walks towards the building. Find the distance he walked towards the building?
2011/2015 [4 Marks]

Let AB be the building and ED be the boy. E and F are two positions of the eyes of
the boy.
Building
28 m
30° F 60° G
E
x 2m
D C B
Let
In rt. AFG,

 √
√
 √
In rt. AEG,
 √
[ From (1) ]
√
√
 √
√ √
 √
√
Thus, the distance the boy walked towards the building is .
Circles
92) In the figure, AB is a tangent to a circle with center O. Prove that BPQ= PRQ.
If BPQ=60˚, find RPQ.
R
A P B

2014/2015 (3 marks)
PQR=90˚ (Angle in semi circle)
RPB=90˚ (Radius is perpendicular to tangent)
So, RPQ+ BRQ=90˚ …..(1)
In △PQR,
PQR+ RPQ+ PRQ=180˚
So, 90˚+ RPQ+ PRQ=180˚
Also, RPQ+ PRQ=90˚ ……(2)
From eq. (1) and (2) we have
BPQ= PRQ
From eq. (1) , RPQ=90˚- BPQ
90˚-60˚=30˚
93) Two circles with centers at O and O' touch each other externally at T as shown:
R
12 cm
5 cm
T
Q
P
O O'
13 cm 3 cm
'
If PR=12 CM, PO=13 cm, O'Q =5 cm and SQ=3 cm, find the length of line segment
PQ.
2014/2015 [4 marks]
Join OR and O'S
In △ORP, ORP=90˚ (Radius is perpendicular to the tangent)
OR2=OP2-PR2
=(13)2 - (12)2
=169-144
=25
So, OR=√ =5 cm.

OT= 5 cm (Radii of the same circle)
Similarly, in △O'QS,
O'SQ=90˚

O'S2= O'Q2-QS2
So, =52 – 32 =16 cm.
So, O'S=√ = 4 cm.

O'T =4 cm (Radii of the same circle)
Thus, PQ=PO+OT+O'T+O'Q
(13+5+4+5) = 27 cm.
94) In the given figure, ABCD is a quadrilateral, in which ADC = 90˚, BC = 38 cm,
CD =28 cm and BP = 25 cm. Find the radius of the circle with center O.
38 cm B
C Q
25 cm
O
28 cm R P
D S A
2014/2015 (2 marks)
13)
AS=AP (Tangents from external point are equal)
BP=QB =25 cm (Tangents from external point are equal)
QC = CR = (38-25)cm = 13 cm. (Tangents from external point are equal)
RD=DS=(28-13)cm = 15 cm. (Tangents from external point are equal)
So. Radius of the circle =OS=RD= 15 cm. (OSDR is a square)
95) Prove that line segment joining the points of contact of two parallel tangents to
a circle is diameter of the circle. A P B
R O
C Q D
2011/2012/2014/2015 [2 marks]
To prove : POQ is a diameter.
Construction: Through O, draw OR||BA or OR||CD as AB and CD are parallel
tangents.

Proof: OPA=90˚( Radius is always perpendicular to tangent)
OR||BA (by construction)
OPA+ POR=180˚.
POR=180˚-90˚=90˚
Similarly, QOR=90˚
POR+ QOR=180˚.
POQ is straight line through the center O. So, PQ is a diameter.
96) Two tangents PA and PB are drawn to a circle with center O, such that
APB = 120˚. Prove that OP =AP+BP =2AP.
120˚
A
O P
2011/2012/2014/2015 (2 marks)
Let PA and PB be two tangents to the circle with center O (see figure)
Join OA and OB.
△OAP △OBP (RHS)
APO = BPO(CPCT)
= APB = ×120˚=60˚.
In right, △OAP,
= cos 60˚=
OP =2AP
=AP+BP(AP=BP).
97) If the isosceles triangle ABC of the figure given below, AB =AC, show that
BF=FC. A
E G
B F C
2011/2012/2014/2015 ( 2 marks)
From the figure, AB = AC (Given)
Also, AE=AG (Tangents from the external points are equal)
So, AB - AE = AC – AG
BE=CG …..(1)
But BE = BF and CG =CF (Tangents from external points are equal)
So, from eq. (1), BF = CF.
98) Prove that the parallelogram circumscribing a circle is rhombus.
A
B
D C
2014/2015 ( 2 marks)
: ABCD is a parallelogram touching the circle at M, N, P and Q. (see figure)
To prove: ABCD is rhombus. A B
Proof: AQ = AM (Tangents from external point)
DQ=DP (Tangents from external point)
Q
BN=MB (Tangents from external point) N
NC=PC (Tangents from external point)
Adding the above, we get
D C
AD + BC = AB + CD.
P
But AD=BC and AB =CD. (Opposite sides of ||gm)
AD=AB=BC=CD
It is a rhombus.
99) In the given figure, OP is equal to the diameter of the circle. Prove that ABP is
an equilateral triangle.
A
O P
B
2011/2012/2015 (3 marks)
let radius (OA) = r.
OP=2r.
Also, OAP=90˚ (Tangent is ⊥ to radius through the point of contact).
In right, △OAP,
Sin( OPA)= .
OPA=30˚
Similarly, from △OPB.
OPB=30˚
APB=30˚+30˚=60˚.
Since PA =PB (lengths of tangents from an external point are equal), therefore
PAB= PBA.
In △APB,
APB+ PAB+ PBA=180˚ (Angle sum property of triangle)
60˚+2 PAB=180˚
PAB=60˚
PBA=60˚
Since all angles are 60˚, therefore △ABP is equilateral.
100) PA and PB are the tangents of a circle which circumscribes an equilateral

△ABQ.
If PAB=60˚, as shown in the figure, prove that QP bisects AB at right angles.
A
60˚
Q P
B 60˚
2015 (4 marks)
} (△ABQ is equilateral)

So, PAQ= PAB+ QAB=60˚+60˚=120˚
Similarly PBQ=120˚ …….(1)
Now, in △PAQ and △PBQ,
PA=PB (Tangents from external point)
AQ=BQ (△ABQ equilateral)
PAQ = PBQ (Each=120˚, shown above)
△PAQ △PBQ (by SAS)
APQ = BPQ(CPCT)…..(2)
Let QP intersects AB at M.
Now, in △PAM and △PBM,
APM= BPM [From (2)]
PA=PB
PM=PM
So, △PAM △PBM (by SAS)
AM=BM (CPCT)…..(3)
and AMP = BMP (CPCT)
But AMP+ BMP = 180˚
AMP+ AMP = 180˚
2 AMP= 180˚
AMP= 90˚ ……(4)
From (3) and (4) we get that QP bisects AB at right angles.
101) Tangents PQ and PR are drawn to circle such that RPQ =30˚. A chord RS is
drawn parallel to the tangent PQ. Find RQS.
S O F
30˚
2015 (4 marks)
Draw QA⊥PQ intersecting RS at A.
So, S b u RS||P

Also, QA will pass through center O of the circle. Join OR.
So, ROQ+ RPQ = 180˚
ROQ+ = 180˚
ROQ = 150˚
But RSQ = ROQ.
So, RSQ =
Therefore, from △QSA,

S - -
Also we have:
PQR+ PRQ+ QPR=180˚
PQR+ PRQ+ =180˚ ( PQR= PRQ because PQ=PR)
2 PQR=150˚
PQR=
But P ( gl b w g d d )
So, AQR= AQP- PQR.
=90˚-75˚-15˚.
So, RQS= SQA+ AQR
=15˚+15˚=30˚
Areas Related To Circles

102) A chord of a circle of radius 10 cm subtends a right angle at the centre. Find the
area of the corresponding minor segment?
2014/2015 [3 Marks]
See figure.
Area of the minor segment AB

 Area of sector OAB – Area of OAB
 –
[ ]

[ ] , -

103) A round table cover has six equal designs as shown in the given figure. If the
radius of the cover is 28 cm, find the cost of making the designs at the rate of Rs.
0.35 per cm2?
2011/2015 [4 Marks]
Designs are equal ⇒ chords are equal and equal chords subtend equal angles at the
centre.
 Angles at the centre
 All the angles of OAB are of 60°.

(Angles opposite to the equal sides are equal.)
 OAB is an equilateral triangle.

Area of one design
= (S ) ( )
√
=, -
=[ ]
Area of 6 such designs =

Cost of making such designs at the rate of R .
= Rs.

104) A 21 m wide athletic track consists of two straight sections 150 m long joining
semi circular ends whose diameters are 84 m each (see figure). Find the area of the
track? (Use and √ )
2011/2015 [4 Marks]
Area of the track
 =
gl P RS – gl
, l du – l d (
) -
 ={ ( )} + * ( )
( ) +
 = ( ) , ( )( )-
 = ( )
 = ( )
 = .
105) In the given figure, ABCD is a rectangle of length 10√2 cm and breadth 5√2
cm. If APB is an isosceles triangle inscribed in the semicircle with diameter AB, find
the area of the shaded region?
2011/2015 [4 Marks]
Draw P ⊥
As P P so M is the mid – point of AB
SO,
 P √
Therefore,
 ( P ) P √ √
 l P ( √ )



So, area of the shaded region = l gl
 , -
Surface Areas and Volumes

106.A vessel is in the form of a hollow hemisphere mounted by a hollow cylinder.
The diameter of the hemisphere is 14 cm and the total height of the vessel is 13
cm. Find the inner surface area of the vessel. .T /
2011/2012/2015 [2 Marks]
Let h be the height and r be the base radius of the

cylinder.
So, cm
Therefore, inner surface area of the vessel
= Curved surface area of hemisphere
+ Curved surface area of cylinder
=
= , -
= , -
= cm = 572 cm2.
2
107. An hour glass is made using identical double glass cones of diameter of 10 cm
each. If total height is 24 cm, then find the surface area of the glass used in making
it.
2014/2015 [3 Marks]
Radius of base of each cone = cm = 5cm
and height of each cone = cm = 12 cm.
Let slant height of each cone bel.

So, from , we have:

 cm
So, curved surface area of one cone
cm2.
Surface area of base of one cone
( ) cm2.
Therefore, surface area of the glass used
( ) cm2
cm2.
108. Find the volume of an oil container, which is in the shape of a cylinder with
hemispherical ends. Total length of the oil container is 23 metres and radius is 3 m.
2014/2015 [3 Marks]
Volume of the container = Volume of cylinder + Volume of hemispheres
=
(Radii of cylinder and hemispheres are equal)
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 3 m3
( ) m3 = m3
m3 594m3
109. The barrel of a fountain pen, cylindrical in shape, is 7 cm long and 0.5 cm in
diameter. A full barrel of ink in the pen can be used for writing 275 words on an
average. How many words would be written using a bottle of ink containing one
fourth of a litre?
2014/2015 [4Marks]
Volume of the fountain pen =
= ( ) cm3
= cm3
= cm3 cm3.
Now, in cm3, number of words = 275
So, in litres, i.e., cm3, in number of words
words

110. Three cubes of a metal whose edges are in the ratio 3 : 4 : 5 are melted and
converted into a single cube whose diagonal is 12 cm. Find the edges of the three
cubes.
2012/2015 [2 Marks]
Let the side of the new cube be ‘a’.

So, √ √

Let the edges of the cubes be , , and .
Side of new cube 12 cm
Volume of three cubes Volume of single cube
 ( ) ( ) ( )


 ( )
 .
Edges of cubes are 6 cm, 8 cm, and 10 cm.
Statistics
111. The following frequency distribution shows the daily savings of 64 children in a
locality:
Daily 1-3 3-5 5-7 7-9 9-11 11-13 13-15

savings (in
Rs)
Number of 7 6 x 13 y 5 4
children
If mean savings is Rs 8 then find the missing frequencies x and y.
2014/2015/2016 (3 Marks)
Daily 1-3 3-5 5-7 7-9 9-11 11-13 13-15 Total

savings
(in Rs.)
Frequency 7 6 x 13 y 5 4 35+x+y=64
(f)
xi 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
fi xi 14 24 6x 104 10y 60 56 258+6x+10y

So, we have:
⇒ ………(1)
Also, =8.
⇒ ………….. (2)
From (1) …………… (3)

Subtracting (2) from (3), we get
So from (1), we get ⇒
112. In a locality, weekly expenditure of 40 families on fruits and vegetables (in

rupees) is given in the following frequency distribution:
Expenditure 500-700 700-900 900-1100 1100-1300 1300-1500

(in Rs.)
Number of 6 8 10 9 7
families
Find the mean weekly expenditure.
2014/2015/2016 (3 Marks)
Expenditure 500-700 700-900 900- 1100- 1300- total

(in Rs) 1100 1300 1500
frequency 6 8 10 9 7 40
600 800 1000 1200 1400
-2 -1 0 1 2
-12 -8 0 9 14 ∑
Here,
∑
So, mean= ∑
=
Thus, mean expenditure is Rs.

113.On the sports day of a school, 300 students participated. Their ages are given in
the following distribution:
Age (in 5-7 7-9- 9-11 11-13 13-15 15-17 17-19

years)
Number 67 33 41 95 36 13 15
of
students
Find the mean and mode of the data.
201/2015/2016 (4 Marks)
Age (in 5-7 7-9 9-11 11-13 13-15 15-17 17-19 Total
years)
Frequency 67 33 41 95 36 13 15 300
6 8 10 12 14 16 18
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
-201 -66 -41 0 36 26 26 ∑
Here, a
So, mean = =
For the mode, we have modal class=

( )
So, mode
114. Calculate the mode of the following distribution table:
Marks No. of students

25 or above 25 52
35 or above 35 47
45 or above 45 37
55 or above 55 17
65 or above 65 8
75 or above 75 2
85 or above 85 0
2015/2016 (4 Marks)

We first convert the given cumulative distribution to an ordinary cumulative
distribution as shown below:
Mark (Class) Frequency
25-35 5
35-45 10
45-55 20
55-65 9
65-75 6
75-85 2
Here, modal class is 45-55.
( )
Hence, mode
115. Find mode using an empirical relation, when it is given that mean and median
are 10.5 and 9.6 respectively.
2015/2016 (1 mark)
The empirical relation is
3 Median = Mode + 2 Mean
So, we have: 3
 28.8 = Mode + 21
 Mode = 28.8 – 21 = 7.8.
116. Given below is a frequency distribution table showing daily income of 100
workers of a factory:
Daily income 200-300 300-400 400-500 500-600 600-700

of workers
(in Rs )
Number of 12 18 35 20 15
workers
Convert this table to a cumulative frequency table of ‘more than type.
2014/2015/2016 (2 Marks)

Required cumulative frequency distribution table of more than type is as shown
below:
Daily income More More More More More More

of workers than or than or than or than or than or than or
(in Rs) equal equal to equal to equal to equal to equal to
to 200 300 400 500 600 700
Number of 100 88 70 35 15 0
workers
117. S0me students of class X donated for the welfare of old age persons. Their
contributions are shown in following distribution:
Amount (in 0-20 20-40 40-60 60-80 80-100

₹)
Number of 5 8 12 11 4
students
Find median and mode of their contributions.
2014/2015/2016 (3 Marks)
We have the following table:
Amount 0-20 20-40 40-60 60-80 80-100

(in ₹)
frequency 5 8 12 11 4
Cumulative 5 13 25 36 40
frequency
Here, . So
Therefore, median class is 40-60.

( )
So, median
Median
For mode, we have: Modal class 40-60.
( )
So, mode =
Mode

118. Find the unknown entries a, b, c, d, e and f in the following distribution of
height of students in a class:
Height (in cm) Frequency Less than type c.f.

150-155 12 a
155-160 b 25
160-165 10 c
165-170 d 43
170-175 e 48
175-180 2 f
Total 50
2013/2015 (3 Marks)
From the given table,
a = 12
b = 25 – 12 = 13
c = 25 + 10 = 35
d = 43 – c = 43 – 35 = 8
e = 48 – 43 = 5
f = 48 + 2 = 50.
119. If the median of the distribution given below is 28.5, find the values of x and y.
Class 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 Total

interval
Frequency 5 X 20 15 y 5 60
2010/2012/2014/2016 (4 Marks)
Let us prepare the following table:
Class interval Frequency Cumulative frequency

0-10 5 5
10-20
20-30 20
30-40 15
40-50
50-60 5
Total N= = 60
Here, N = 60 (given). So, = 30.
Now, the median 28.5 belongs to the 20-30.
 Median class is 20-30
Hence, Median = 4 5

 . /
 57 = 65 –

Again, N = 60
 (∵ )
Hence,
120. The frequency distribution of marks obtained by 36 students in a test is as

follows:
Marks 50-60 60-70 70-80 80-90 90-100

obtained
No. of 4 8 12 6 6
students
Draw cumulative curves of ‘less than type’ and ‘more than type’ on the same axes
and from them determine the median.
2015/2016 (4 Marks)
We first prepare ‘less than type’ and ‘more than type’ frequency distributions for the
given data as follows:
Less than type:
Marks obtained No. of students (frequency)

Less than 50 0
Less than 60 4
Less than 70 12
Less than 80 24
Less than 90 30
Less than 100 36
More than type:
Marks obtained No. of students (Frequency)

More than and equal to 50 36

Now, we draw the less than type ogive and more than type ogive corresponding to
these two distributions as explained in earlier questions on the same graph paper as
shown below:
Note that the point of the two ogives is P.
Draw PQ  x-axes.
We observe that coordinates of Q are (75, 0)
So, median is = 75.
121. The given distribution shows number of wickets taken by the bowlers in one-
day international cricket matches:
No. of wickets No. of bowlers

Less than 15 2
Less than 30 5
Less than 45 9
Less than 60 17
Less than 75 39
Less than 90 54
Less than 105 70
Less than 120 80
Draw a ‘less than type’ ogive from the above data. Find median from the curve.
Verify median by actual calculations.
2015/2016 (4 Marks)
Taking upper limits along the x-axis and cumulative frequencies (Number of
bowlers) along y-axis, we draw the less than type ogive as follows:

For finding the median, we draw a line through frequency , i.e., 40, parallel to x-
axis to intersect the ogive at P. then, we draw PQ  x-axis. The x- coordinate of q is
nearly 76. So, the median is 76 (approx.).
Verification: We convert the data into the following form:
Class 0-15 15-30 30-45 45-60 60-75 75-90 90- 105-

105 120
Frequencies 2 3 4 8 22 15 16 10
So,
Hence, median class is 75-90.

( )
So, median
= 75 + 1 = 76 (Verified)
Probability
122) Two coins are tossed simultaneously. Find the probability of getting:
(i) At least one head.

(ii) At most two tails.
2014/2016 (4 Marks)
On tossing two coins simultaneously, all possible outcomes are HH, HT, TH, TT.
i.e. Their number=4
(i) Let the event of getting at least one head be E1.

Then, outcomes favourable to E1 are HT, TH, HH.
⟹Their number = 3.
So, P (E1) =
(ii)Let the event of getting at most two tails be E2.
Then, outcomes favourable to E2 are HH, HT, TH, TT.
⟹ Their number=4
So, P(E2) =
123) A die is thrown once. Find the probability of getting:
(A) An even number

(B) A number greater than 3
(C) A number between 3 and 6
(D) A prime number
2014/2015 (4 Marks)
When a die is thrown once, the total possible outcomes are 1,2,3,4,5,6.
i.e., Their number=6.
(A) Let the event of getting an even number be E1. Then, outcomes favourable to E1.
Then, out comes favourable to E1 are 2,4,6.
⟹Their number =3
So, P(E1) =
(B) Let the event of getting a number greater than 3 be E2, Then, out comes
favourable to E2 are 4,5, 6.
⟹Their number = 3.
So, P(E2)=
(C) Let the event of getting a number between 3 and 6 be E3. Then, outcomes
favourable to E3 are 4, 5.
⟹ Their number= 2
So, P(E3)=
(D) Let the event of getting a prime number be E4, Then outcomes favourable to
E4. Then outcomes favourable to E4 are 2,3,5.
⟹Their number =3.

So, P(E4) = .
124) Two digits number are made using the digits 5 and 8 (repetition of digits is
allowed).
(A) Write the number.

(B) If a number among them is selected at random, what is the probability that
the number will be even?
(C) If a number among them is selected at random, what is the probability that
the sum of the digits of the number will be more than 12?
(D) If number among them is selected at random, what is the probability that
the sum of the digits of the number will be a multiple of 3?
2012/2015 (4 Marks)
(A) 55, 58, 85, 88
(B) P( number even)=
(C) Number whose sum of digits is more than 12 are 58, 85, and 88.
They are 3 in number.
So, required probability=
(D) In these numbers, no number has the sum of digits as a multiple of 3.
So, required probability

Class 10 Maths Most Repeated Questions in CBSE Exams For 2024 Exam

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Class 10 Maths Most Repeated Questions in CBSE Exams For 2024 Exam

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2020 These are questions you need to know for sure.

 Do them again and again.

Most Repeated Questions in Board Exams 1 www.studysmartcbse.com

5) Prove that √ is an irrational number.

If possible , let √ be rational number.

Let √ = , where a and b are co-prime and b≠0.

So, 3 a2/b2 or 3b2 = a2. ….. (1)

Most Repeated Questions in Board Exams 2 www.studysmartcbse.com

For terminating decimal expression , 7 should be removed from the denominator.

[Note that by multiplying will also give a decimal expansion

terminating after 2 decimal places. But smallest positive rational number is ]

α and β are zeroes of polynomial 4x2+ 4x +1.

So, the required polynomial is x2 -(-2)x+1=x2+2x+1.

Let one zero of 2x2-5x-(2k+1) be α.

Most Repeated Questions in Board Exams 3 www.studysmartcbse.com

2  3 and 2  3 are zeroes of the polynomial, i.e, x 2  4 x  4  3 or

Most Repeated Questions in Board Exams 4 www.studysmartcbse.com

Now, 2x2  x 1  2x2  2x  x 1

Most Repeated Questions in Board Exams 5 www.studysmartcbse.com

Since, ≠ , so lines will intersect at a point.

13) Check graphically, whether the pair of equations x + 3y = 6; 2x – 3y =12 is

Most Repeated Questions in Board Exams 6 www.studysmartcbse.com

Thus, the table is:

3000 – 20y + 25y =3500 y= = 100.

Putting y = 100 in eqn. (1), we get x + 20 100 = 3000

x + 2000 = 3000 x =3000 – 2000 = 1000

Most Repeated Questions in Board Exams 7 www.studysmartcbse.com

Putting y = 5 in (1), we get

20x + 5y = 380 4x + y = 76 …(1)

And 20y + 5x = 380 – 60 5x + 20y = 320

16x – x = 304 – 64 15x = 240 x= = 16.

Putting x = 16 in eqn. (1), we get 4 × 16 + y = 76 y = 76 – 64 = 12.

and ax – by = a2 - b2 ax – by – (a2 – b2) = 0. .…(2)

Most Repeated Questions in Board Exams 8 www.studysmartcbse.com

and = 15 + = 15. …(2)

Therefore, =u=1 y = 1 and = v = 1 x = 1.

Most Repeated Questions in Board Exams 9 www.studysmartcbse.com

So, we have: u + v =10 …(1)

Adding (1) and (2) we get

Putting u = 7 in (1), we get

20) Solve for x and y:

Putting u = and v = , the given equation can be written as

Most Repeated Questions in Board Exams 10 www.studysmartcbse.com

Putting u = in (1), we get

Most Repeated Questions in Board Exams 11 www.studysmartcbse.com

Let units digit be x. then tens digits =

On interchanging the digits, the number becomes

neglecting the negative value of x as the digits is positive,

Hence, the number =

As per given condition,

Or – 200 + – 800 = 4800

Most Repeated Questions in Board Exams 12 www.studysmartcbse.com

24) If the equation ( ) ( ) of x has equal roots,

25) -4 is a root of the quadratic and the quadratic equation

Let nth term of the APbe zero. Then, ⇒ ( )

Most Repeated Questions in Board Exams 13 www.studysmartcbse.com

So, terms needed are

In this case, the sum of thto 11th terms will be zero.

So, only 5 terms are needed for the purpose.

Most Repeated Questions in Board Exams 14 www.studysmartcbse.com

Total number of rose plants in the flower bed

Let the first term be a and common difference be d. Then,