REFRESHER COURSE

ON SHO CERTIFICATE MODULE 1

SAFETY AND HEALTH OFFICER ENRICHMENT PROGRAM (SHEP)
 LEARNING OBJECTIVES
At the end of this session participants will
be able to :
Explain and recall key subject matters
learned in Module 1.
Determine how they are related to OSH-MS

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 CONTENTS OF MODULE 1

1. Historical Perspective 11.First Aid

2. Incident Prevention 12.Documentation
3. Policy, Organisation and 13.Incident Investigation
Arrangement 14.Performance Measurement
4. Risk Management 15.Auditing
5. Promotion, 16.Management Review
Communication and 17.OSH-MS
Training
6. Programmes
7. Procurement and
Contractor Management
8. IT in OSH
9. PPE
10. ERP

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 FAMOUS PERSONS IN OSH

 Herbert W. Heinrich (1930’s),

– Developed Domino Theory and promoted
control of workers behaviour.

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 Heinrich’s
Five Stage Sequence
Ancestry/social
environment

Fault of a
person

Unsafe
act/condition

Accident

Injury
5
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 Frank Bird (1970) developed Loss Control
Theory.
Suggested that underlying cause of
accidents are lack of management
controls and poor management
decisions.
Problem:
– Not so popular: blames management
(responsibility and control).

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 Bird’s Loss Causation Model (1974)

7
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 In 80’s Behavioural Based Safety (BBS)
was introduced;

Based on Heinrich’s findings.

Work by recognizing safe work habits
and offering rewards and punishment.
Problem:
– Focuses on workers and not on hazard or
management
– Reward and punishment system have
flaws

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 Lord Robens, Chairman of Royal Safety Commission

Lord Robens recommended

– Self regulation
Report resulted in the Health and Safety
of Workers At Work Act in the UK in 1974
Similar legislation was enacted in
Australia in 1984
Enacted in Malaysia in 1994 after the
1991 Bright Sparkler accident in Sungai
Buloh

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 Features of “Robens style” legislation:
– General duties of care by:
• Employer, employee, manufacturer, designer,
supplier
– Consultation with employees through
Safety and Health Committees
– Safety and Health Officer as advisor and
coordinator
– Improvement and prohibition notices

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