3 Quantum phenomena

AQA Physics Exam-style questions

Question Answer Marks Guidance

1ai Diffraction (experiments) 
 1

1 a ii Easier to obtain electrons (to accelerate) 1

OR easier to get λ same size as scattering object 
From AQA Physics A PA01 Particles, Radiation and Quantum Phenomena mark scheme June 2004
(Question 6)
1bi h
(Use of λ  )
mv

6.63 ´ 10–34 3
mv   10–10 
1.2
mv  5.5  10–24  kg m s–1  (or N s)
1 b ii 5.5 ´ 10–24 2 Note that this is
v  assuming that the
9.11 ´ 10–31 electron is not
relativistic.
v  6.1  106 m s–1 
1 b iii 1 Must see working or
(Use of E  mv2) equation.
2 2
If no working, then
1
E  9.11  10–31  (6.1  106)2  max 1 mark.
2
E  1.6(9)  10–17 J 
Total 9
From AQA Physics A PHYA1 Particles, Quantum Phenomena and Electricity mark scheme January 2009
(Question 4)
2a The 5.5 eV electron does not have enough energy to excite an 5.5 eV is less than
(orbital) electron/atom  the energy level gap
2
between the ground
The 9.0 eV electron provides enough energy to excite an (orbital)
state and the first
electron/atom 
excited state
2b Energy  9.0  1.6  10–19   1.44  10–18 (J)  2
2c E  1.44  10–18 – 1.6  10–19  1.28  10–18 (J)  First step is to
calculate the energy
6.63  10 –34
 f  1.28  10 –18
 that has gone into
3
18 the excited electron
1.28  10
f   1.9  10 Hz  = (9-1) eV in Joules
15
34
6.63  10
Total 7
From AQA Physics A PHYA1 Particles, Quantum Phenomena and Electricity mark scheme June 2009
(Question 2)

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 3 Quantum phenomena
AQA Physics Exam-style questions

Question Answer Marks Guidance

3ai An electron in an atom/atom is at a higher level than the ground 1 The electron being
state part of the atom, not
a free electron.
or electron jumped/moved up to another/higher level 
3 a ii Electrons (or electric current) flow through the tube 
and collide with orbiting/atomic electrons or mercury atoms  3
raising the electrons to a higher level (in the mercury atoms) 
3 a iii Photons emitted from mercury atoms are in the ultraviolet
(spectrum) or are high-energy photons 
These photons are absorbed by the powder coating 3
or the powder coating changes frequency/wavelength 
and the powder coating emits photons in the visible spectrum 
3bi (Use of E = hf) Energy gained by
−18 ) −18 ) photon = - energy
∆𝐸 = 𝐸𝑓 − 𝐸𝑖 = (−0.59 × 10 − (−0.26 × 10 J
lost by electron
0.26  10–18 – 0.59  10–18  -6.63  10–34  f  3
18
0.33  10
f   5.0  10 Hz 
14
34
6.63  10
3 b ii One arrow between n  3 and n  2 in correct direction  2
Total 12
From AQA Physics A PHYA1 Particles, Quantum Phenomena and Electricity mark scheme January 2010
(Question 2)
4a The minimum frequency (of radiation)  The threshold
frequency is
required to eject photoelectrons  2
characteristic of the
material
4bi (Use of ɸ  hf0 gives) ɸ  6.63  10–34  4.85  1014 
2
 3.22  10–19 (J) 
4 b ii æ 3.22 ´ 10–19 ö
ɸ ç=  2.01 (eV) 
–19 ÷
1
è 1.60 ´ 10 ø
4c Line parallel to given line 
2
with half the value of the x-intercept 
4d Statement: Increase the light intensity/brightness 
Explanation (any two):
More incident photons (per second) 
3
One photon interacts with one electron 
More emitted electrons (per second) 
Greater rate of flow charge 
Total 10

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 3 Quantum phenomena
AQA Physics Exam-style questions

Question Answer Marks Guidance

From AQA Physics A PA01 Particles, Radiation and Quantum Phenomena mark scheme June 2003
(Question 4)
5ai Minimum energy required 
to remove electron from metal (surface) or cadmium or the 2
material 
5 a ii Photons have energy dependent on frequency
or energy of photons constant 
One-to-one interaction between photon and electron  4
Max KE  photon energy – work function, in words or symbols

More energy required to remove deeper electrons 
5b Theory makes predictions that are tested by repeatable
experiments/checked by other scientists/peer reviewed 
2
or new evidence is obtained that is repeatable/checked by other
scientists/peer reviewed 
Total 8
From AQA Physics A PHYA1 Particles, Quantum Phenomena and Electricity mark scheme June 2012
(Question 4 parts a(i),a(ii) and b)

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