NUCLEUS

 Nucleus was discovered by

Rutherford in alpha ray scattering
Experiment
 It is Measured in the order of
−15
10 m and Atomic size in the
order of 10−10 m
 One atomic mass unit referred as
one Twelfth mass of C-12 isotope
−27
 1 U=1.66 x 10 Kg
 Size of Nucleus
1/ 3
 R=R O A
−15
 RO =1.2 x 10
 Volume and Mass of Nucleus
 VαA
 mα A
 Density of Nucleus
M 17 3
 ρ= =3 x 10 Kg/m
V
 Mass Defect

∆ m=[ Z M p+ ( A−Z ) M n ]− M NUCLEUS

∆ m=[ Z ( M p + M e ) + ( A−Z ) M n ] −M ATOM
 Binding Energy
 Energy required to split into
Nucleons
 It is Numerically Equal to mass
Defect
 Binding Energy per Nucleon -
Eb
A
 It decides the Stability of the
Nucleus
 Iron – 8.8 MeV/Nucleon – Most
stable isotope
 Uranium – 7.7 MeV/Nucleon –
Unstable