AVIGNA TUTORIALS

By Avantika Singh & Aditya Mahajan

Class-10 (2022-2023)
English
Assignment-4
…………………………………..
Passage-1
1. Detachment is not physically renouncing our possessions, profession, home and family as
many of us think, I is the ability to let go of all the desires, habits, emotions, thoughts, speech
and behaviour patterns that are negative or detrimental to our well-being in any way. Detachment
and discrimination are interdependent: they mutually strengthen each other and empower us. The
more we are able to discriminate, the more we are able to segregate our harmful desires and
discard them. The more mental trash we discard this way, the more we empower our faculty of
discrimination.
2. There is a simple technique we can all practise to strengthen our discrimination and
detachment and get rid unnecessary desires. This will generate the awareness we need to control
our senses and mind and make them stop churning out desires every moment. To practise this
technique, we should select a quiet place when we have some leisure time.
3. Sit down with a few sheets of paper and pen or a computer and make two lists. In the first list,
understand and write down your most important goal or agenda in this life. Then meticulously
add all the other goals that you would like to achieve. While you make this list, you shouldn't
think only about yourself. Include what you would like to contribute to the welfare of your
dependents, children and their forthcoming generations.
4. Once you complete this, set it aside and begin the second list. List all your desires here. They
may be big or small, important or insignificant, right or wrong, demonic or divine. Just remove
the lid on the Pandora's Box and allow them all to spill out freely. Don't try to censor or edit the
list of desires at this stage. Complete the list first. After you have made an exhaustive list, go
over it to see which of these desires are truly necessary, conducive to your meditation, helpful
and favourable to you and beneficial to others.
5. If you have been serious and honest in doing this exercise, you will have long lists of goals
and desires and many of them may be selfish or detrimental to your goal of meditation,
visualisation, self-realisation, peace, happiness and bliss. This exercise will help you develop
frankness and honesty with yourself. You will touch your true feelings and bring many of your
hidden ambitions and desires into the open.
Based on your understanding of the passage, answer the questions given below.
a. Why does the writer say that detachment is empowering?
i. It helps us to physically renounce our possessions
ii. It strengthens our sense of discrimination.
iii. It help us get detached from family and relations.
iv. It makes us let go of our desires.
b. Select the option that does not correspond to the following relationship below.
Detachment and discrimination are interdependent.
i. Both have a symbiotic relationship.
ii. Both complement each other.
iii. Both are locked in an inequitable equation.
iv. It is a reciprocal relationship.
c. Select the option that displays what the writer projects, with reference to the following.
Just remove the lid on the Pandora’s Box and allow them all to spill out freely.
i. Encouragement
ii. Caution
iii. Provocation
iv. Honesty
d. Complete the following with a word or phrase from paragraph 1.
Opinion Reason
Isolate something
e. The writer correlates detachment and discrimination and says that we should make
serious efforts to strengthen them (Paragraph 2). State the most important outcome of this
process.
f. Based on your reading of the text, list 2 reasons why the writer implies that human mind
is full of trash.
i. ……………………….
ii. ……………………….
g. What advantage does the writer says we will earn if we meticulous in making the lists of
goals we wish to achieve in our lives?
h. The writer asks us to pen down our personal goals in the second list and labels it the
Pandora’s Box. (Para 4).
Select the point of comparison between the two.
1. Both aid in survival
2. Both contained all kinds of life experiences
3. Both contained demonic wishes
4. Both contained divine desires
(i) Only 2
(ii) 1 and 2
(iii) 3 and 4
(iv) All of these
i. Supply 1 point to justify the following.
Awareness puts a lid on our mind which keeps churning out desires every moment.
j. Evaluate the INAPPROPRIATE outcome after the completion of both the lists.
i. They may be censored
ii. They are conducive to our meditation.
iii. They are beneficial to others.
iv. They contain that are truly necessary.
PASSAGE-2
1. When we think of countries that are the major consumers of water resources we tend to
think of the water used in our homes, such as water used for bathing and lawn sprinklers.
However, studies have shown that home water use is only the tip of the iceberg and a
large majority of the water consumed is hidden from plain view. The chart showing the
largest water consuming countries of the world is thus an eye opener.
2. As India is an agricultural country, the most important crops of India are rice, wheat and
sugarcane. Significantly these crops are the most water-consuming crops. Rice, a major
crop export, consumes about 3,500 litres of water for a kilogram of grain produced.
Punjab which is the 3rd largest producer of rice in India is completely dependent on
groundwater for the production of its rice and consumes two to three times more water
than Bihar and West Bengal to produce a kilogram of rice.

3. Sugarcane is another water-guzzling crop in India, which is a very popular crop among
farmers in Maharashtra because they are assured of marketing by sugar mills. The
primary source of water for growing this crop is groundwater, whereas states like Bihar
which is more suitable for the production of sugarcane produces only 4% of the country's
total sugar cane output.
4. Thus, measures need to be taken to ensure that crop production patterns within the
country, across different states, are aligned to regional water availability. Also,
Agriculture policies should be put in place to limit the export of water-intensive crops.
Emphasis should also be placed on the adoption of water- efficient technologies,
management systems, farmer education, and advisory services to improve water
consumption in agriculture.
5. Crops in India are irrigated by several methods. Some farmers take to flooding the whole
field. Others resort to channelling water between rows of plants while others resort to
 watering using large sprinklers. But the better method is to let water drop into plants
using drip irrigation,. Hence, India should consider investing in scaling up micro-
irrigation to make India's agriculture more water-efficient. Drip irrigation is the most
efficient and appropriate irrigation system. Instead of wetting the whole field surface,
water is applied only to the plant root zone. The P.T.O Government of India's ‘Per Drop
More Crop' component under the Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana promotes the
use of drip and sprinkler irrigation by farmers.
Based on your understanding of the passage, answer the questions given below.
a. Infer one reason for the following based on information in paragraph 1.
A large majority of the water consumption is hidden from plain view.
b. Select the appropriate option to fill in the blanks.
From the passage 1, we can infer that the states of Bihar and West Bengal consume two to
these time less water for producing rice than Punjab because………………… and
………………
1. Punjab exports more rice in comparison
2. Their climatic requirements are more suitable
3. They use drip irrigation
4. Punjab relies heavily on groundwater
i. 1 and 3
ii. 2 and 3
iii. 1 and 4
iv. 2 and 4
c. Complete the following analogy correctly with a word/phrase from paragraph 4.
More the efficiency in using water-technology,……………….the consumption of
groundwater.
d. Select the correct option to complete the following sentence:
If India………………and………….its irrigation methods or systems at a micro-level, its
agriculture will become more water-efficient.
i. Channels, organises
ii. Aligns, channels
iii. Invests, scales-up
iv. Organises, adopts
e. Select the chart that appropriately represents the countries that consume 6 time less
water in comparison to china.
 f. Fill in the blanks be selecting the correct option.
The fact that Bihar which is more suitable for the production of sugarcane produces only 4%
of this crop in comparison to Maharashtra, can be explained by the Maharashtra
government’s strategy of………………..
i. Better crop production patterns
ii. Efficient government policies.
iii. Advanced irrigation methods
iv. Assured marketing by sugar mills.
g. Substitute the word ‘water-intensive’ with a word similar in the following sentence
from para 3.
Agriculture policies should be put in place to limit the export of water-intensive crops.
h. List any two examples of major changes in policies across different states in the
country as referred to in Para 4.
i. ……………….
j. ……………….
i. List one reason why the researches recommend that India should consider
investing in scaling up micro-irrigation to make India’s agriculture more water-
efficient.
j.Select the option that titles paragraphs 1-5 appropriately, with reference to information
in the text.
 Set (i). Set (ii)
1. Consumption of water in the world 1. Consumption of water in the world
2. Indian agricultural exports 2. Agrarian economy
3. Sugarcane 3. Marketing of sugarcane
4. Improving water consumption 4. Water conservation methods
5. Irrigation methods 5. Calling for foreign investments
Set (iii) Set (iv)
1. Consumption of water in the world i. Consumption of water in the
2. India and its crops world.
3. Comparing rice and sugarcane ii. Cropping seasons.
4. Improving agriculture policies iii. Popularity of sugarcane
5. Change at micro-level iv. Crop-growing patterns
v. PM Krishi Sinchayee Yojana

GRAMMAR
a. Fill in the blank by choosing the correct option to complete the blank.
The story of English in India……….between the conception of the language as an idea and
as an object to data.
i. Will toggle
ii. Have toggled
iii. Had toggled
iv. Toggles
b. Read the conversation between a man and his nephew. Complete the sentence by
reporting the dialogue.
Uncle: Let us go and see the Great Apollo Circus this weekend.
Nephew: The ticket is on you because you lost all the games in cards yesterday.
Uncle invited his nephew to see the Great Apollo Circus coming weekend but the nephew
reminded him since he……………on him.
c. Select the correct option to fill in the blank for the given line, from a short story.
But he was tired and weak with hunger and he……………..not rise, exhausted by the strange
exercise.
i. Could
ii. Would
iii. Need
iv. Dare
d. Select the option that identifies the error and supplies the correction for the
following line, from a news report. The proximate cause of the Leicester clashes was
ostensibly tension after an Indian-Pakistan match.
 Option no. Error Correction
i. Of For
ii. Was Has been
iii. Tension Tension
iv. An The

e. Complete the given narrative, by filling in the blank with the correct option.
In the letter, the student has written that he………………….by some senior students who
threatened him with dire consequences, if he complains.
i. Is being bullied
ii. Has been bullied
iii. Was bullying
iv. Will have bullied
f. Fill in the blank by using the correct form of the word in the bracket, for the given
porting of a letter:
Dear Sir,
I would like to bring to your notice the unsanitary conditions in our colony. Rubbish and
garbage……………. (lie) in heaps everyone.
g. Report the dialogue between a student and a teacher, by completing the blanks in
the sentence given below.
Student: I’m so stressed before my board exams.
Teacher: Don’t worry. We have arranged counselling sessions to be-stress you.
When a student admitted that he was quite stressed before his board exams, his teacher told
him…………. Because the school……………
h. Identify the error in the given sentence, from a newspaper report and supply the
correction.
I expect the authorities to take action on the issue at the earliest or we would have to rise it on
social media.
Use the given format for many response.
Error Correction

i. Fill up the blank to complete the sentence with the correct options.
Rosemary often……………….to work by bus, but she…………….to work by taxi
yesterday.
i. Got, went
ii. Went, went
iii. Gets, got
 iv. Has been going, reached
j. Fill in the blank by choosing the correct option, to complete the slogan.
We……………….fight against injustice.
i. Could
ii. Shall
iii. Will
iv. Would
k. Select the correct option to complete the narration of the dialogue between two
people.
A: Do you enjoy having a cup of tea in the morning?
B: No, my preference for a cup of strong filtered coffee has remained rock-solid for years.
A man ‘A’ asked his friend B° if he enjoyed having his morning tea. His friend B admitted that
…………….
(i) her preference for a cup of strong filtered coffee has remained rock-solid for years.
(ii) their preference for a cup of strong filtered coffee have remained rock-solid for
years.
(iii) his preference for a cup of strong filtered coffee has remained rock-solid for years
(iv) their preference for a cup of strong filtered coffee will remain rock-solid for years.
(l) Identify the error on a traffic signboard and supply the correction, for the following
instruction.
Over speed is a knife that cut a life.
Use the given format for your response.
ERROR CORRECTION