Feed Resources for Livestock in Pakistan

• Fodder/crop residues 51%

• Range land 38%
• Postharvest grazing 3%
• Cereal byproducts 6%
• Oilcakes 2%
Feed Resources

• Fodders: Rabi and Kharif

• Crop Residues Stubbles/Stovers/Straws/Tops
• Agro Industrial byproducts
• Range lands
• Postharvest grazing
• (Rice, Wheat, cotton, sugarcane etc)
 Fodder crops of Pakistan

Rabi (Winter) fodder crops:

The crops sown in winter and harvested in spring
• Berseem (Rajka: Potohar; shatala: Sheikhupura)
• Lucerne (Alfalfa)
• Oat
• Barley
• Sarsoon/ Mustard
• Sugarcane tops
• Wheat
• Maize

3
Berseem
First cut of Berseem with sarsoon and oats
First cut of Berseem with sarsoon
First cut of Berseem dominated by sarsoon
First cut of Berseem dominated by sarsoon
First cut of Berseem dominated by sarsoon
Lucerne Fodder
Can you differentiate between lucerne and berseem
Lucerne Field full of weeds
Lucerne Fodder attacked by cascuta
Lucerne Fodder attacked by cascuta
Lucerne Fodder attacked by weeds
Lucerne caterpillar attack
Lucerne caterpillar
Oat Fodder
Oat Fodder
Sugarcane Fodder
Sugarcane Fodder
Sarson Fodder
Tara Meera (Mustard plant)
Chickpea plant
Kharif (Summer) fodder crops
In Pakistan Kharif season starts on April 16th and lasts until
October 15th
Crops sown from April 16-Oct 15 are called Kharif crops
• Maize
• Maizenta
• Sorghum
• Sada Bahar
• Millet
• Multi cut Bajra
• Mott grass
• Guara
• Cowpeas
• Moth
• Jantar
27
Maize Fodder
Maize Fodder
Maize Fodder
Sorghum Fodder
Sorghum Fodder
Sorghum Fodder
Millet
Millet
Millet
Millet
Mott Grass
Mott Grass
Mott Grass
Mott Grass
Swank
Swank
Guara Fodder
Guara Fodder
Guara Fodder
Soybean
Soybean
Soybean
Soybean
Cow Peas
Cow Peas
Cow Peas
Moth
Moth
Rice bean
Rice bean
JanterFodder
JanterFodder
JanterFodder
Acacia Ampliceps
Moringa
Lemon Grass
Crop Residues
• Wheat Straw
• Paddy straw
• Maize Stovers (after picking corn cobs)
• Sugarcane tops
• Tender cotton plants after picking cotton
• Hulls of all pulses
• Rice Hulls
• Rice Husk
• Bhoosa from berseem (after threshing berseem seeds)
• Guara straw (Missa in Mianwali area)
• Vines from groundnut, potatoes, etc.
• Beet pulp
• Citrus pulp
• Baggase
• Sugar Industry: Molasses
• Leaves of carrots, cabbage, cauliflower, corn cobs, etc
Cotton plant after cotton picking
Paddy Straw fresh
Paddy Straw fresh: closer view
 Seasonal availability of fodder in Pakistan
25
Fodder/Animal/d (kg)

20

15

10

0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Months

70
Study Questions
• What are challenges for animal nutritionists?
• What is the current situation of feed resources for livestock
• What is horizontal and vertical increase in livestock products
• What are draw backs of horizontal increase of livestock products
• How can we can switch from horizontal to vertical expansion
• What are fodder crops of Pakistan
• What are crop residues? Can we get more nutrients from them? If yes,
How?
• Agro-industrial byproducts: their advantages and limitations
• Rangelands: advantages and limitations
• What should be the strategy for developing countries like Pakistan for
competing in the Global market economy in the livestock business?