CHINH PHỤC ĐỒ THỊ DAO ĐỘNG CƠ

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BÀI 5: ĐỒ THỊ MỐI QUAN HỆ LI ĐỘ ‒ VẬN TỐC ‒ GIA TỐC

Câu 1: [MAPSTUDY] Một vật dao động điều hòa xung quanh vị v (cm/s)
trí cân bằng O với chu kì T. Hình bên là đồ thị mô tả mối quan hệ
giữa vận tốc tức thời v và li độ dao động x của vật. Khoảng thời 30
5
gian ngắn nhất giữa hai lần liên tiếp vật có gia tốc a = 1,8 m/s2 là O x (cm)
A. π/15 s. B. π/12 s.
C. π/9 s. D. π/18 s.

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Câu 2: [MAPSTUDY] Một chất điểm dao động điều hòa trên đường a (m/s2)
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thẳng quanh vị trí cân bằng O. Hình bên là đồ thị mô tả mối quan hệ giữa
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gia tốc tức thời a và vận tốc tức thời v của vật. Tốc độ trung bình của 2
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chất điểm trong một chu kì là 40
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A. 45,61 cm/s. O v (cm/s)
B. 50,93 cm/s.
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C. 38,57 cm/s.
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D. 30,04 cm/s.
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Câu 3: [MAPSTUDY] Một chất điểm dao động điều hòa trên mặt phẳng a
nằm ngang với biên độ A và tần số góc ω thay đổi được. Khi ω = ω1 và (1)

khi ω = ω2 thì đồ thị biểu diễn sự phụ thuộc của gia tốc a theo li độ x
(2)
của chất điểm có dạng tương ứng là đường (1) và đường (2) (như hình x
vẽ bên). Tỉ số ω2 / ω1 có giá trị là O

A. 1/ 9 B. 1 / 3
C. 3. D. 9.

ffffz Bài làm

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Câu 4: [MAPSTUDY] Hai chất điểm (1) và (2) có khối lượng lần lượt là a
m.........................................................................................................................................................................
và 3 m , đang dao động điều hòa với cơ năng tương ứng là W1 và W2 (2)

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. Hình bên là đồ thị biểu diễn sự phụ thuộc của gia tốc tức thời a theo
vận tốc tức thời v của mỗi chất điểm trên cùng một hệ trục tọa độ. Tỉ số v
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/ W2 gần nhất với giá trị nào sau đây? O
W.........................................................................................................................................................................
(1)
1

A. 0,15. B. 0,50.
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C. 5,70. D. 0,75.
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ffffz Bài làm
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Câu 5: [MAPSTUDY] Một vật dao động điều hòa xung quanh vị trí v (cm/s)
cân bằng O, có gia tốc ở vị trí biên là a . Hình bên là đồ thị mô tả
mối quan hệ giữa vận tốc tức thời v và li độ dao động x của vật. 25
Giá trị của a là
O 6 x (cm)
5 6 5 3
A.  m/s. B.  m/s.
3 2
3 7 4 10
C.  m/s. D.  m/s.
2 3

ffffz Bài làm

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Câu 6: [MAPSTUDY] Hai con lắc lò xo (1) và (2) có các lò xo giống hệt nhau,
dao động điều hòa theo phương thẳng đứng, tại cùng một nơi có gia tốc rơi (2)
tự do g. Lần lượt chuẩn hóa đồ thị mô tả mối quan hệ giữa gia tốc a (ứng với
các đường thẳng đứng) và li độ dao động x (ứng với các đường nằm ngang) (1)
của hai con lắc, ta thu được các đường thẳng như hình vẽ bên. Biết rằng, đối
với con lắc (1), tại vị trí cao nhất của quỹ đạo dao động, lực đàn hồi bằng 0.
Tỉ số giữa lực đàn hồi cực đại của con lắc (1) và của con lắc (2) là
29 15 49 35
A. . B. . C. . D. .
35 49 15 29

ffffz Bài làm

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HỌC ONLINE VẬT LÝ THẦY VNA – TẠI MAPSTUDY – Trang 62

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Câu 7: [MAPSTUDY] Hai chất điểm (1) và (2) có cùng khối lượng, đang dao (1)
động điều hòa với lực kéo về cực đại tương ứng là F1 = 2,4 N và F2 . Hình bên
(2)
là đồ thị biểu diễn sự phụ thuộc của vận tốc tức thời v (ứng với các đường
thẳng đứng) theo li độ dao động x (ứng với các đường nằm ngang) của mỗi
chất điểm trên cùng một mặt phẳng hình vẽ. Giá trị của F2 là
A. 2,0 N. B. 1,2 N.
C. 1,6 N. D. 1,8 N.

ffffz Bài làm

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HỌC ONLINE VẬT LÝ THẦY VNA – TẠI MAPSTUDY – Trang 63

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Câu 8: [MAPSTUDY] Một vật dao động điều hòa xung quanh vị trí a (m/s2)
cân bằng O với chu kì T. Hình bên là đồ thị mô tả mối quan hệ giữa
vận tốc tức thời v và gia tốc tức thời a của vật. Giá trị của T là
A. 0,96 s. 1 v (cm/s)
B. 1,46 s. O 30
C. 1,12 s.
D. 1,32 s.

ffffz Bài làm

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HỌC ONLINE VẬT LÝ THẦY VNA – TẠI MAPSTUDY – Trang 64

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 CHINH PHỤC ĐỒ THỊ DAO ĐỘNG CƠ
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Câu 9: [MAPSTUDY] Một chất điểm chuyển động tròn đều với tốc a (m/s2)
độ v, hình chiếu của chất điểm lên đường kính của đường tròn đó
dao động điều hòa có đồ thị biểu diễn sự phụ thuộc của gia tốc tức 2,4
thời a theo li độ x như hình vẽ bên. Giá trị của v là 5 x (cm)
A. 60 cm/s. O
B. 30 cm/s.
C. 60π cm/s.
D. 30π cm/s.

ffffz Bài làm

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HỌC ONLINE VẬT LÝ THẦY VNA – TẠI MAPSTUDY – Trang 65

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Câu 10: [MAPSTUDY] Hai chất điểm (1) và (2) có khối lượng lần lượt F
là m và 2,5m; đang dao động điều hòa với chu kì là T1 và T2 . Hình bên (2)
là đồ thị biểu diễn sự phụ thuộc của lực kéo về F theo vận tốc tức
thời v của mỗi chất điểm trên cùng một hệ trục tọa độ. Hệ thức nào v
sau đây là đúng? O (1)
A. T1 = 2T2 . B. T2 = 2T1 .
C. T1 = 4T2 . D. T2 = 4T1 .

ffffz Bài làm

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HỌC ONLINE VẬT LÝ THẦY VNA – TẠI MAPSTUDY – Trang 66

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