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09220633062 ‫ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﻲ ﻛﻼﺱ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻲ ﺁﻧﻼﻳﻦ ﺭﻳﺎﺿﻲ‬

 ‫ﺑﺴﻢ ﷲ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ‬

‫ﺩﺑ ‬
‫ﺭﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻏﺐ ﻧﻮﺍﺯ ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ ﮔﻼﻥ‬
‫ﭼﺎﮑ‬

‫‪@azad_math‬‬

‫‪www.riazisara.ir‬‬ ‫{‪Y€‡ʓZËdËZ‡Y {¸¿Y‬‬

 ‫ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﻗﺪﺭ ﻣﻄﻠﻖ ‪ :‬ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﻗﺪﺭ ﻣﻄﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﻡ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﻴﺸﻮﺩ‪:‬‬

‫‪­x , x t 0‬‬
‫) ‪f (x‬‬ ‫®‬
‫‪¯x , x  0‬‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ‪ :‬ﺍﮔﺮ ‪ 2<x<3‬ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺕ |‪ | x  3|  | 2x  1|  | 3x  5‬ﺭﺍ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺣﻞ(‬

‫)‪­x  3 Ÿ x  3  0 Ÿ| x  3 | (x  3‬‬

‫‪°‬‬
‫‪2  x  3 Ÿ ®2x  1 ! 0 Ÿ| 2x  1| 2x  1‬‬
‫ ‪°‬‬
‫)‪u( 3‬‬
‫ ‪o6 ! 3x ! 9‬‬‫‪5‬‬
‫)‪o1 ! 3x  5 ! 4 Ÿ (3x  5‬‬
‫¯‬
‫‪(x  3)  (2x  1)  (3x  5) 2x  9‬‬

‫‪ 0<x<4‬ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ‪A | x |  | x 1|  | x  2|  | x  3|  | x  4| :‬‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ‪ :‬ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺭﺍ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﺍﮔﺮ ﻛﻪ‬

‫ﺗﺬﻛﺮ ‪ :‬ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﻗﺪﺭ ﻣﻄﻠﻖ ﻫﻤﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺕ ﻧﺎﻣﻨﻔﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫‪www.riazisara.ir‬‬ ‫{‪Y€‡ʓZËdËZ‡Y {¸¿Y‬‬

 : ‫ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻲ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻗﺪﺭ ﻣﻄﻠﻖ‬

1) | x |t 0
2) |  x | | x |
3) x 2 | x |
4) | x |d a o a d x d a
5) | x |t a o x d a x t a
6) | x |2 | x 2 | x 2
­| x  y || x |  | y |, xy  0
7) | x  y |d| x |  | y |Ÿ ®
¯| x  y | | x |  | y |, xy t 0
a !0
8) | x | a o x ra
9) | x | | y |o x r y
a b | a b |
10) max ^a , b ` 
2 2
a b | a b |
11) min ^a, b ` 
2 2

: ‫ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻧﺎﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺪﺭ ﻣﻄﻠﻖ‬: ‫ﻧﻜﺘﻪ‬

a b b a
(a, b ) Ÿ| x  | ‫( ﺑﻪ ﻗﺪﺭ ﻣﻄﻠﻖ‬a,b) ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺑﺎﺯﻩ‬
2 2
a b b a
x a x !b | x  |! ‫ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺪﺭ ﻣﻄﻠﻖ‬x>b‫ﻳﺎ‬x<a ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺑﺎﺯﻩ‬
2 2

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‫ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻻﺕ ﻗﺪﺭ ﻣﻄﻠﻘﻲ ‪ :‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺣﻞ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻻﺕ ﻗﺪﺭ ﻣﻄﻠﻘﻲ ﻣﻴﺘﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻲ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻗﺪﺭﻣﻄﻠﻖ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﺮﺩ ﻳﺎ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺵ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻛﺮﺩ‪:‬‬

‫‪(1‬ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺭﻳﺸﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺍﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺯﻩ ﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﻣﻴﻜﻨﻴﻢ‪.‬‬

‫‪(2‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﺑﺎﺯﻩ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻋﻼﻣﺖ ﻣﻴﻜﻨﻴﻢ‪.‬‬

‫‪(3‬ﺑﻴﻦ ﺟﻮﺍﺏ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺍﻣﺪﻩ ﻫﺮ ﺑﺎﺯﻩ ﺍﺷﺘﺮﺍﻙ ﻣﻴﮕﻴﺮﻳﻢ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺟﻮﺍﺏ ﻫﺎ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﺎﻉ ﻣﻴﮕﻴﺮﻳﻢ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ‪ :‬ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﻪ ‪ 2x  | x  1| 3‬ﭼﻨﺪ ﺭﻳﺸﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ؟‬

‫ﺣﻞ( ﻳﻚ ﺭﻳﺸﻪ‬

‫­‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫‪°x t 1 Ÿ 2x  x  1 3 o 3x 4 o x‬‬
‫®‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪°¯x  1 Ÿ 2x  x  1 3 o x 2‬‬

‫‪2‬‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ‪:‬ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﻪ | ‪ | x  2 | | x‬ﭼﻨﺪ ﺭﻳﺸﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ؟‬

‫ﺣﻞ(‪ 4‬ﺭﻳﺸﻪ‬

‫‪2‬‬
‫‪­°x 2  x  2 0 Ÿ (x  2)(x  1) 0‬‬
‫‪x  1 rx Ÿ ® 2‬‬
‫‪°̄x  x  2 0 Ÿ (x  2)(x  1) 0‬‬

‫‪www.riazisara.ir‬‬ ‫{‪Y€‡ʓZËdËZ‡Y {¸¿Y‬‬

 ‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ‪ :‬ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻻﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺣﻞ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ؟‬

‫‪| x  1|  | x  3 | 8‬‬
‫‪|x 2| 4‬‬
‫‪| x  3 | 2‬‬
‫‪| x |  | x  1| 1‬‬
‫‪| x  1|  | x  2 | 1‬‬
‫‪|| x  5 | 10 | 4‬‬
‫‪| x 2  16 |  x 2  16‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬
‫‪| 2x  5 | x  2‬‬

‫ﻧﻜﺘﻪ ‪ :‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺣﻞ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﻪ | ) ‪ | f (x ) | | g (x‬ﻛﺎﻓﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻜﺘﻪ ) ‪ f (x ) r g (x‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻴﻜﻨﻴﻢ‪.‬‬

‫ﻧﺎﻣﻌﺎﺩﻻﺕ ﻗﺪﺭﻣﻄﻠﻘﻲ ‪:‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺣﻞ ﻛﺎﻓﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺎ ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻲ ﻫﺎ ﻗﺪﺭ ﻣﻄﻠﻖ ﺭﺍ ﺣﺬﻑ ﻣﻴﻜﻨﻴﻢ ﻭ ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ‬
‫ﻋﻼﻣﺖ ﺟﻮﺍﺏ ﻫﺎﺭﺍ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺍﻭﺭﻳﻢ‪.‬‬

‫ﻧﻜﺘﻪ ‪:‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﻞ ﻧﺎﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﻪ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻴﺘﻮﺍﻧﻴﻢ ﻃﺮﻓﻴﻦ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺯﻭﺝ ﺑﺮﺳﺎﻧﻴﻢ ﻛﻪ ﻫﺮﺩﻭ ﻫﻢ ﻋﻼﻣﺖ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪www.riazisara.ir‬‬ ‫{‪Y€‡ʓZËdËZ‡Y {¸¿Y‬‬

 .‫ﻧﺎﻣﻌﺎﺩﻻﺕ ﺭﺍ ﺣﻞ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‬: ‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ‬

| 2x  5 | 3
solve o 3  2x  5  3 o 2  2x  8 o 1  x  4

| 3x  5 || 2x  1| 2
solve :
5
1)x t : 3x  5 t 0, 2x  1 ! 0 Ÿ 3x  5  2x  1  2 Ÿ x  4
3
1 5 6
2)  d x d : 3x  5  0, 2x  1 ! 0 Ÿ 5  3x  2x  1  2 Ÿ 6  5x Ÿ x !
2 3 5
1
3)x d  : 3x  5  0, 2x  1  0 Ÿ 5  3x  1  2x  2 Ÿ 8  x
2
§5 · §6 5· §6 ·
¨ d x  4 ¸ ¨  x d ¸ Ÿ x  ¨ , 4¸
©3 ¹ ©5 3¹ ©5 ¹
.‫ ﻧﺎﻣﻌﺎﺩﻻﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺣﻞ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‬:‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ‬
| 2x  3 | 3
| x  2 |! 4
| x |! 2x  1
1
x  | x |d x  3
2
x 2
| | 1
x 1
| x 2 || x  1 |
|| 2  x | 4 |t 2

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 ‫ﺭﺳﻢ ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﻗﺪﺭ ﻣﻄﻠﻖ‪ :‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻗﺪﺭ ﻣﻄﻠﻖ ﻣﻴﺘﻮﺍﻧﻴﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺭﺍﻩ ﻫﺎﻱ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪:‬‬

‫‪ (1‬ﺭﻳﺸﻪ ﺩﺭﻭﻥ ﻗﺪﺭ ﻣﻄﻠﻖ ﺭﺍ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪ (2‬ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺕ ﻗﺪﺭ ﻣﻄﻠﻖ ﺩﺍﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻋﻼﻣﺖ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ (3‬ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺿﺎﺑﻄﻪ ﺍﻱ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﻭ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﺗﺎﺑﻊ šʹ ‪ › ൌ ȁš െ ͳȁ ൅ ȁš െ ʹȁ ൅‬ﺭﺍ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪­ x  1  x  2  2x , x ! 2‬‬
‫‪°‬‬
‫) ‪f (x‬‬ ‫‪®x  1  2  x  2x ,1 d x d 2‬‬
‫‪°1  x  2  x  2x ,1  x‬‬
‫¯‬
‫‪­4x  3, x ! 2‬‬
‫‪°‬‬
‫) ‪o f (x‬‬ ‫‪®2x  1,1 d x d 2‬‬
‫‪°3, x  1‬‬
‫¯‬
‫ﺣﺎﻝ ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺿﺎﺑﻄﻪ ﺍﻱ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻴﻢ ﻣﻴﺘﻮﺍﻧﻴﻢ ﺍﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪:‬‬

‫‪www.riazisara.ir‬‬ ‫{‪Y€‡ʓZËdËZ‡Y {¸¿Y‬‬

 ‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﺗﻮﺍﺑﻊ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪y‬‬ ‫‪| 2x  1|  x‬‬

‫‪y‬‬ ‫|‪2x  | x  1‬‬
‫‪y‬‬ ‫| ‪| x  1|  | x  3‬‬
‫‪y‬‬ ‫| ‪| x  1|  | x  4‬‬
‫‪y‬‬ ‫| ‪| x |  | 2x |  | 3x |  | 4x‬‬
‫|‪|x 2‬‬
‫‪y‬‬
‫‪x 2‬‬
‫| ‪y x |x‬‬
‫ﺭﺳﻢ ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﻡ ‪ሻȁ‬ܠ‪ ൌ ȁ܎ሺ‬ܡ‪ :‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺭﺳﻢ ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﻡ ‪ › ൌ ȁˆሺšሻȁ‬ﻛﺎﻓﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﺗﺎﺑﻊ‬
‫‪ › ൌ ˆሺšሻ‬ﺭﺍ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺁﻥ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭ ﻛﻪ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ‪ x‬ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺣﺬﻑ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻗﺮﻳﻨﻪ ﺍﻥ ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻣﻴﻜﻨﻴﻢ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ‪ :‬ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ‪ › ൌ ȁš ଶ െ ͳȁ‬ﺭﺍ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪www.riazisara.ir‬‬ ‫{‪Y€‡ʓZËdËZ‡Y {¸¿Y‬‬

 ‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ‪ǣ‬ﺭﺳﻡ ﮐﻧﻳﺩ‪.‬‬

‫‪y‬‬ ‫| ‪|x‬‬
‫‪y‬‬ ‫|‪| 2x  1‬‬
‫‪y‬‬ ‫|‪|x 2 4‬‬
‫‪y‬‬ ‫| ‪|| x  2 | 2‬‬
‫‪y‬‬ ‫| ‪| x  2‬‬
‫‪y‬‬ ‫| ‪| x‬‬
‫‪y‬‬ ‫|‪|  x 2  1‬‬

‫ﻧﻜﺎﺕ ﺗﺴﺘﻲ ‪:‬‬

‫ﺭﺳﻢ ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ‪ȁ‬܊ ‪ െ‬ܠ‪ȁ ൅ ȁ‬܉ ‪ െ‬ܠ‪ ൌ ȁ‬ܡ ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﮔﻠﺪﺍﻧﻲ ‪:‬‬

‫‪(1‬ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﺭﻭﻱ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ‪ x‬ﻫﺎ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ „ ‪ š ൌ ƒǡ š ൌ‬ﺭﺍ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻣﻴﻜﻨﻴﻢ‪.‬‬

‫‪(2‬ﺭﻭﻱ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ‪ y‬ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ‪ ȁƒ െ „ȁ‬ﺑﺎﻻ ﻣﻴﺮﻭﻳﻢ‪.‬‬

‫‪ (3‬ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺍﻣﺪﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﭘﺎﺭﻩ ﺧﻂ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻢ ﻭﺻﻞ ﻣﻴﻜﻨﻴﻢ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﻭ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻧﻴﻢ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻴﺐ ﻫﺎﻱ ‪ +2‬ﻭ‬
‫‪ -2‬ﺭﺳﻢ ﻣﻴﻜﻨﻴﻢ ﺗﺎ ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻜﻞ ﮔﻠﺪﺍﻥ ﺷﻮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ‪ :‬ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ‪ › ൌ ȁš െ ͳȁ ൅ ȁš െ ʹȁ‬ﺭﺍ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪www.riazisara.ir‬‬ ‫{‪Y€‡ʓZËdËZ‡Y {¸¿Y‬‬

 ‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ‪ :‬ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪y‬‬ ‫‪|x‬‬ ‫| ‪ 1|  | x  2‬‬

‫‪y‬‬ ‫‪|x‬‬ ‫|‪2||x 2‬‬
‫‪y‬‬ ‫‪|x‬‬ ‫|‪|  | x  1‬‬
‫‪y‬‬ ‫‪|x‬‬ ‫|‪ 3|  | x  1‬‬
‫ﻧﻜﺎﺗﻲ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﮔﻠﺪﺍﻧﻲ‪:‬‬

‫‪R‬‬ ‫‪(1‬ﺑﺮﺩ ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﮔﻠﺪﺍﻧﻲ ‪>| a  b |, f :‬‬

‫‪ (2‬ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ‪|a-b|:‬‬

‫‪a b‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪(3‬ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ﺗﻘﺎﺭﻥ‬
‫‪2‬‬

‫‪(4‬‬

‫‪| x  a |  | x b | k‬‬
‫ﺩﻭ ﺭﻳﺸﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫| ‪k !| a  b‬‬
‫ﺑﻴﻨﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﺭﻳﺸﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫| ‪k | a b‬‬
‫ﻓﺎﻗﺪ ﺭﻳﺸﻪ‬ ‫| ‪k | a  b‬‬
‫‪ୟାୠേ୩‬‬
‫‪šൌ‬‬ ‫‪ (4‬ﺩﻭ ﺭﻳﺸﻪ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﻪ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺎ ‪:‬‬
‫‪ଶ‬‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ‪ :‬ﺭﻳﺸﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﻪ ‪ȁš െ ʹȁ ൅ ȁš െ ͵ȁ ൌ Ͷ‬‬

‫‪23r 4‬‬
‫‪| 3  2 | 4 Ÿ x‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪9‬‬
‫‪x‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪x‬‬
‫‪2‬‬

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 ‫ﺭﺳﻢ ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﻡ ‪ȁ‬܊ ‪ െ‬ܠ‪ȁ െ ȁ‬܉ ‪ െ‬ܠ‪ ൌ ȁ‬ܡ ﻣﻌﺮﻭﻑ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﺁﺑﺸﺎﺭﻱ‪:‬‬
‫‪(1‬ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ‪ x=a,x=b‬ﺭﺍ ﺭﻭﻱ ﻣﺤﻮﺭ ‪ x‬ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻣﻴﻜﻨﻴﻢ‪.‬‬
‫‪(2‬ﺳﭙﺲ ﺍﺯ ‪ x=b‬ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ |‪ |a-b‬ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ‪ x=a‬ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ |‪ |a-b‬ﺑﻪ ﺳﻤﺖ ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺣﺮﻛﺖ‬
‫ﻣﻴﻜﻨﻴﻢ‪.‬‬
‫‪(3‬ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﺎ ﭘﺎﺭﻩ ﺧﻂ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﻭﺳﻂ ﺭﺍ ﻭﺻﻞ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺑﺎ ﻧﻴﻢ ﺧﻄﻲ ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻜﻞ ﺳﺮﺳﺮﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻲ ﺍﻭﺭﻳﻢ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ‪ › ൌ ȁš െ ͳȁ െ ȁš െ ͵ȁ‬ﺭﺍ ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬

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 ‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ‪:‬ﺭﺳﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪y‬‬ ‫‪|x‬‬ ‫| ‪ 1|  | x  2‬‬
‫‪y‬‬ ‫‪|x‬‬ ‫|‪ 2 |  | x  1‬‬
‫‪y‬‬ ‫‪|x‬‬ ‫|‪|  | x  3‬‬
‫‪y‬‬ ‫‪|x‬‬ ‫|‪ 3|  | x  1‬‬
‫ﻧﻜﺎﺗﻲ ﺩﺭﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﺳﺮﺳﺮﻩ ‪:‬‬
‫‪R‬‬ ‫‪(1‬ﺑﺮﺩ ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ‪>  | a  b |,| a  b |@ :‬‬
‫‪(2‬ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﺩﺭ |‪ |a-b‬ﻭ ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ |‪ -|a-b‬ﺍﺳﺖ‬
‫‪ୟାୠ‬‬
‫‪ ሺ‬ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺛﻘﻞ ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪(3‬ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ‪ǡ Ͳሻ‬‬
‫‪ଶ‬‬
‫‪(4‬‬

‫‪| x  a |  | x b | k‬‬
‫ﺟﻭﺍﺏ ﻧﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬
‫| ‪| k |!| a  b‬‬
‫ﺑﻳﺷﻣﺎﺭ ﺟﻭﺍﺏ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫| ‪| k | | a b‬‬
‫ﻳﮏ ﺟﻭﺍﺏ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫| ‪| k || a  b‬‬

‫‪ୟାୠି୩‬‬ ‫‪ୟାୠା୩‬‬
‫‪:š ൌ‬ﺭﻳﺸﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﻪ‬ ‫‪ š ൌ‬ﻳﺎ‬
‫‪ଶ‬‬ ‫‪ଶ‬‬

‫‪1‬‬
‫ﺭﺍ ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫|‪| x  2 |  | x 3‬‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ‪ :‬ﺭﻳﺸﻪ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﻪ‬
‫‪2‬‬

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 ‫ﺗﺳﺕ ‪(1‬ﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﻪ ﺟﻭﺍﺏ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﻪ ‪ | 3x  5 | x  1‬ﮐﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﺳﺕ؟)ﺗﺎﻟﻳﻔﯽ(‬
‫‪{3،0}(4‬‬ ‫‪{2،3}(3‬‬ ‫‪{0،1}(2‬‬ ‫‪{1،3 }(1‬‬

‫ﺗﺳﺕ ‪ (2‬ﮐﻣﺗﺭﻳﻥ ﻣﻘﺩﺍﺭ ﺗﺎﺑﻊ |‪ y | x  5 |  | x  1‬ﮐﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﺳﺕ؟)ﻣﻳﮑﺭﻭ ﮔﺎﺝ(‬

‫‪6(4‬‬ ‫‪5(3‬‬ ‫‪4(2‬‬ ‫‪1(1‬‬

‫ﺗﺳﺕ‪(3‬ﺑﻳﺷﺗﺭﻳﻥ ﻣﻘﺩﺍﺭ ﺗﺎﺑﻊ |‪ y | x  2 |  | x  1‬ﮐﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﺳﺕ؟)ﻣﻳﮑﺭﻭ ﮔﺎﺝ(‬

‫‪3(4‬‬ ‫‪2(3‬‬ ‫‪1(2‬‬ ‫‪0(1‬‬

‫ﺗﺳﺕ‪(4‬ﺗﺎﺑﻊ | ‪ y | x  1|  | x  5‬ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﺛﺎﺑﺕ ‪ 7‬ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﭼﻧﺩ ﻧﻘﻁﻪ ﻣﺗﻘﺎﻁﻊ ﺍﺳﺕ؟)ﺗﺎﻟﻳﻔﯽ(‬

‫‪0(4‬‬ ‫‪1(3‬‬ ‫‪2(2‬‬ ‫‪3(1‬‬

‫ﺗﺳﺕ‪(5‬ﺭﻳﺷﻪ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﻪ ‪ x 2  2 | x | 3 0‬ﮐﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﺳﺕ؟)ﺗﺎﻟﻳﻔﯽ(‬

‫‪3(4‬ﻭ‪-3‬‬ ‫‪-1(3‬ﻭ‪2‬‬ ‫‪1(2‬ﻭ‪3‬‬ ‫‪1(1‬ﻭ‪-2‬‬

‫‪ y | x | x , y‬ﮐﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﺳﺕ؟)ﮐﻧﮑﻭﺭ ﺗﺞ‪(95‬‬ ‫ﺗﺳﺕ‪(6‬ﻣﺳﺎﺣﺕ ﻧﺎﺣﻳﻪ ﻣﺣﺩﻭﺩ ﺗﺎﺑﻊ | ‪2 | x‬‬

‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬
‫‪3(4‬‬ ‫‪(3‬‬ ‫‪(2‬‬ ‫‪2(1‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬

‫ﺗﺳﺕ ‪(7‬ﺍﮔﺭ)‪ max{|2x|,|x+1|}=f(x‬ﺍﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﻣﻳﻧﻳﻣﻡ )‪ f(x‬ﭼﻘﺩﺭ ﺍﺳﺕ؟)ﮐﻧﮑﻭﺭ ﺭﻳﺎﺿﯽ ‪(92‬‬

‫‪2‬‬
‫‪8(4‬‬ ‫‪7(3‬‬ ‫‪(2‬‬ ‫‪5(1‬‬
‫‪3‬‬

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 ‫ﺗﺳﺕ ‪(8‬ﻣﺟﻣﻭﻋﻪ ﺟﻭﺍﺏ ﻧﺎﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﻪ | ‪ | x  2 ||| x | 4‬ﺑﻪ ﺻﻭﺭﺕ )‪ (a,b‬ﻁﻭﻝ ﻭﺳﻁ ﺍﻳﻥ ﺑﺎﺯﻩ ﮐﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﺳﺕ؟)ﺭﻳﺎﺿﯽ‬
‫ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ‪(95‬‬
‫‪2(4‬‬ ‫‪1/5(2‬‬ ‫‪1(2‬‬ ‫‪0/5(1‬‬

‫ﺗﺳﺕ ‪(9‬ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﻪ ‪ | x  | x || 1‬ﭼﮕﻭﻧﻪ ﺍﺳﺕ؟)ﻣﻳﮑﺭﻭ ﮔﺎﺝ(‬

‫‪(4‬ﻳﮏ ﺭﻳﺷﻪ ﻣﺛﺑﺕ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫‪(3‬ﻳﮏ ﺭﻳﺷﻪ ﻣﻧﻔﯽ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫‪(2‬ﺩﻭﺭﻳﺷﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬ ‫‪(1‬ﺭﻳﺷﻪ ﻧﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬

‫ﺗﺳﺕ ‪(10‬ﻣﺟﻣﻭﻉ ﺭﻳﺷﻪ ﻫﺎی ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﻪ ‪ x 2  5 | x  1| 2x  5 0‬ﮐﺩﺍﻡ ﺍﺳﺕ؟ )ﻣﻳﮑﺭﻭ ﮔﺎﺝ(‬
‫‪0(4‬‬ ‫‪4(3‬‬ ‫‪5(2‬‬ ‫‪10(1‬‬

‫‪1(1‬‬
‫‪4(2‬‬
‫‪4(3‬‬
‫‪2(4‬‬
‫‪4(5‬‬
‫‪3(6‬‬
‫‪2(7‬‬
‫‪3(8‬‬
‫‪3(9‬‬
‫‪3(10‬‬

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