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Mathematics
10 Quarter 2 – Module 6:
Solving Problems Involving Circles

Mathematics 10
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2 – Module 6: Solving Problems Involving Circles
First Edition, 2020

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What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written for the learners. After going
through this module, the learner is expected to solve problems
on circles (M10GE-IIf-2).

What I Know
Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your
answers on separate sheet/s of paper.
For items 1-2, refer to the given figure on the
A BC 26°
right. 1. In the given figure, what is the E
a. 32° b. 37° c. 63° d. 74°
2. If AB = 5, BC = 8, and AD = 15, find the
measure of ∠CAD? length of AE. a. 12 b. 13 c. 412d. 413
100° D

3. In ◉A, chord BC intersects chord DE at point F. If BF = 6, CF = 9 and

EF = 10, find the length of DF.
a. 5.4 b. 7.4 c. 12 d. 15 4. A circular pizza with a radius of 6 inches is
cut equally into 6 slices. What is the area of each slice of the pizza?
a. 4 in 2 b. 5 in2 c. 6 in2 d. 8 in2 5. A circular park with two
main pathways is shown in the figure below. The distance from Gate 1 to the
main road is 3 km, and the distance from gate 1 to the exit is 2 km. How far
is Gate 2 from the main road if the pathway connecting them is tangent to
the circle?
a. 2.2 km c. 3.87km b. 3.57km d. 4.24km Exit

Gate 2
Main
Gate 1
Road

Lesso Solving Problems

n 1 Involving Circles

In the previous module, you have learned the different theorems

related to secants, tangents, sectors, and segments of a circle. This module
will help you understand how these theorems can be applied in solving real-
life problems involving circles.

What's In
In the previous module, you learned the different theorems related to
angles and segments formed by secants, chords, and tangents. In this
module, find out how these theorems can help you in solving real-life
problems that involve circles.

Theorems on Tangent Line

1. If a line is a tangent to a circle, then it is perpendicular to the radius
drawn to the point of tangency.
2. If a line is perpendicular to a radius of a circle at its endpoint that is
on the circle, then the line is tangent to the circle.
3. If two segments from the same exterior point are tangent to a circle,
then the two segments are congruent.

Theorems on Angles Formed by Tangents and Secants of a Circle

In a circle or congruent circles, two minor arcs are congruent if and only
if their corresponding chords are congruent.
1. If two secants intersect in the exterior of a circle, then the measure of
the angle formed is one-half the positive difference of the measures of
the intercepted arcs.
2. If a secant and a tangent intersect in the exterior of a circle, then the
measure of the angle formed is one-half the positive difference of the
measures of the intercepted arcs.
3. If two tangents intersect in the exterior of a circle, then the measure of
the angle formed is one-half the positive difference of the measures of
the intercepted arcs.

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4. If two secants intersect in the interior of a circle, then the measure of
an angle formed is one-half the sum of the measures of the arcs
intercepted by the angle and its vertical angle.
5. If a secant and a tangent intersect at the point of tangency, then the
measure of each angle formed is one-half the measure of its
intercepted arc.

Theorems on Secant Segments, Tangent Segments, and External Secant

Segments
1. If two secant segments are drawn to a circle from an exterior point,
then the product of the lengths of one secant segment and its external
secant segment is equal to the product of the lengths of the other
secant segment and its external secant segment.
2. If a tangent segment and a secant segment are drawn to a circle from
an exterior point, then the square of the length of the tangent segment
is equal to the product of the lengths of the secant segment and its
external secant segment.

Theorem on Two Intersecting Chords

If two chords of a circle intersect, then the product of the measures of
the segments of one chord is equal to the product of the measures of the
segments of the other chord.
 What's New
Aside from your knowledge about the different theorems on the circle,
it is also important to know how you will apply these in solving real-life
problems. Here are some steps that you may follow.

Step 1: Read and analyze the problem.

Step 2: Illustrate the problem using a diagram then label it with the
given measurement(s).

Step 3: Determine which theorem can be applied in the given

problem. Step 4: Write an equation based on the theorem.

Step 5: Substitute the given measurement(s) then solve the

equation. Step 6: Conclude the answer to the problem.

What is It
Now, let us have some applications of the different theorems on circle.

Example 1: A circular garden is found inside the Sipnayan Park. There are
two pathways where visitors can walk along going to the circular garden from
the main entrance of the park. The pathways are both tangent to the garden
whose center is 60 m away from the main entrance. If the radius of the
circular garden is 20 meters, how long is each pathway?

Solutions:
Step 1: Illustrate the problem and label it with the given measurements.

Main
Distance (d) = 60m

Garden

Sipnayan Park Entrance Figure 1

Step 2: Determine the relationship between the segments formed and

identify the theorem that can be applied.
 Main
Entrance
Distance

(d) = 60m Figure 2

Garden

If a line is a tangent to a circle, then it is perpendicular to the

radius drawn to the point of tangency.

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Step 3: Write an equation based on the theorem.
In Figure 2, we can see that we have a right triangle formed.
Thus, we can apply the Pythagorean Theorem to solve for the length of
the pathway. That is, the sum of the squares of the legs of a right
triangle is equal to the square of its hypotenuse. In the figure:
p 2 + r 2 = d2
Step 4: Substitute the given measurements then, solve the
equation. p2 + r2 = d2
p2 + (20)2 = (60)2
p2 + 400 = 3600
p2 = 3600 – 400
p2 = 3200
√��2 = √3200
p = 40√2
p ≈ 56.57

Step 5: Conclude the answer to the problem.

Therefore, each pathway measures approximately 56.57
meters.

Example 2: The average height of the Galaxy Space Station is 600 km above
the Earth. An astronaut onboard the Galaxy Space Station sights along a
tangent line to Earth, viewing Neil Armstrong Space Center. If the diameter of
the Earth is approximately 12,800 km, how far is the astronaut from the
Space Center?
Galaxy Space
Solutions:
Step 1: Illustrate the problem Station height
a

and label with the given

2

km x
i

measurements
=

h=600
e

t
0

8
m
Neil Armstrong Space Center
 Figure 3
Step 2: Determine the relationship between the segments formed and
identify the theorem that can be applied.
If a tangent segment and a secant segment are drawn to a circle from
an exterior point, then the square of the length of the tangent segment is equal
to the product of the lengths of the secant segment and its external secant
segment.

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Step 3: Write an equation based on the theorem.
In figure 3, the distance from the Galaxy Space Station and Neil
Armstrong Space Center is the tangent segment denoted by x. The segment
connecting the diameter of the Earth and the height of the space station is
the secant segment, while the height of the space station is the external
secant segment. Thus, we can write the equation as follows:
x2 = (d + h)h

Step 4: Substitute the given measurements then, solve the

equation. x2 = (12800+600)600
x2 = (13400)600
x2 = 8040000
√��2 = √8040000
x ≈ 2835.49

Step 5: Conclude the answer to the problem.

Therefore, the astronaut in the Galaxy space station is
approximately 2835.49 kilometers from the space center.

Example 3: Newton-32 is a geo-satellite orbiting above Earth's equator and

has a viewing angle of Earth formed by the two tangents. The viewing angle
is about 18°. What is the measure of the arc of Earth that viewed from the
satellite?

Solutions:
Step 1: Illustrate the problem and label with the given
measurements F

H
18°
Earth Newton-32
satellite

G Figure 4

Step 2: Determine the relationship between the segments formed and identify
the theorem that can be applied.
If two tangents intersect in the exterior of a circle, then the measure of
the angle formed is one-half the positive difference of the measures of the
intercepted arcs.
Step 3: Write an equation based on the theorem.
From figure 4, we can write the equation as follows:
��
����° = ��(�������� − ������ )

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Step 4: Substitute the given measurements and solve the equation.

Let mFG = x and mFHG = 360°-x

18° =12[(360° − ��) − ��] Substitute the given measurements 18°
=12[(360° − 2��] Simplify
18° = 180° − �� Distributive Property
x = 162° Solve for x

Step 5: Conclude the answer to the problem.

Therefore, a 162° arc, can be viewed from the satellite.

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 What's More
Enrichment Activity 1
Match the given illustrations in Column A with the correct theorems in
Column B to find the missing lengths. Write your answers on separate
sheet/s of paper.
Column A Column B
b. If a secant and a tangent intersect in the
exterior of a circle, then the measure of the
angle formed is one-half the positive
1. 2. difference of the measures of the intercepted
arcs.
c. If two tangents intersect in the exterior of
a circle, then the measure of the angle
formed is one-half the positive difference of
the measures of the intercepted arcs.
d. If two chords of a circle intersect, then
3.
the product of the measures of the
segments of one chord is equal to the
product of the measures of the segments of
the other chord.
e. If two secant segments are drawn to a
circle from an exterior point, then the
4.
product of the lengths of one secant
segment and its external secant segment is
equal to the product of the lengths of the
other secant segment and its external
secant segment.
f. If a tangent segment and a secant
5. segment are drawn to a circle from an
a. If two secants intersect in the exterior of exterior point, then the square of the length
a circle, then the measure of the angle of the tangent segment is equal to the
formed is one-half the positive difference of product of the lengths of the secant
the measures of the intercepted arcs. segment and its external secant segment.

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Enrichment Activity 2
Solve the given problem by showing the step-by-step solutions. Write your
answers on separate sheet/s of paper.
 The sketch of Bubble-
Palooza
circular children’s park and
the different
pathways from the main road
is given at
the right. If the distance from
the main
road to Main Gate is 80 m and
the length
of the path from Main Gate to
the exit is 70
m, about how far from the main road is
Gate 2?

Step 1: Illustrate the problem and label it with the given measurements.

Step 2: Determine the relationship between the segments formed and identify
the theorem that can be applied.
___________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________.

Step 3: Write an equation based on the theorem.

___________________________________________________________________________

Step 4: Substitute the given measurements, then solve the equation.

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Step 5: Conclude the answer to the problem.
___________________________________________________________________________

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 What I Have Learned
This module focuses on solving real-life problems. Here
are some steps that you may follow.

Step 1: Read and analyze the problem.

Step 2: Illustrate the problem using a diagram and label it with the
given measurement(s).

Step 3: Determine which theorem can be applied in the given

problem. Step 4: Write an equation based on the theorem.

Step 5: Substitute the given measurement(s) then, solve the

equation. Step 6: Conclude the answer to the problem.

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What I Can Do
 Mark and John solve the given problem below by finding the value of x.
Their solutions are as follow: x 5
6 D

Mark x = 81 3 36 = 75 6x = 39 x = F
John 10
6.5
x(6) = 10(5) 6x = 50
(x+6)(6) = 15(5) 6x +
E

Who between them showed the correct solution in solving for the
value of x? Explain your answer.

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Assessment
Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your
answers on separate sheet/s of paper.
For items 1-2, refer to the given figure on the E
a. 41° b. 45° c. 65° d. 75°
right. 1. In the given figure, what is the 2. If AF = 6, and AD = 16, find the length of
AE.

measure of ∠CAD?
F
a. 2.25 b. 3.25 c. 4 d. 5
106° D
A BC 24°

3. In ◉Q, chords MN and PR intersect at point S. If MS = 12, NS = 4 and

PS = 6, find the length of RS.
a. 6 b. 7 c. 8 d. 9 4. A circular pizza with a radius of 4 inches is cut
equally into 8 slices. What is the area of each cut of the pizza?
a. ��2in2 b. in2 c. 2 in2 d. 4 in2 5. A circular park with two main
pathways is illustrated in the figure below. The distance from the main road
to the exit is 420 m, and the distance from gate 2 to the main road is 320 m.
How far is Gate 1 from the main road? a. 231.81 m c. 241.38 m
b. 233.41 m d. 243.81 m Exit
Gate 2
Main
Gate 1
Road

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egment and its external secant segment. s

Answer Key
d 5. a 1.
a 4.
c 3. Assessment
a 2. is equal to the product of the lengths of the other secant
secant segment and its external secant segment lengths of
 1.

Activity 2

e 5. d 4. f 3. a c 5.c 4. a 3. d 2. b 1. What's More

2. b 1.

Activity 1 's More What I Know

What

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References
Book:
Melvin M. Callanta, et.al. 2015. Mathematics – Grade 10
Learner's Module. Pasig City, Philippines 1600 REX Book Store.

Orines, F.B., et. al. 2014. Next Century Mathematics 10. Quezon City:
Phoenix Publishing House, Inc.

Website:
No author posted. No date posted. 2020.
https://docplayer.net/23872503-Solving-problems-involving-chords
radii-tangents-secants-and-arcs-within-the-same-circle-grade
ten.html December 3, 2020

No author posted. No date posted. 2020.

https://www.birdvilleschools.net/cms/lib/TX01000797/
Centricity/D omain/1114/Homework%20Helper%20Chapter
%2012.pdf December 3, 2020

CK-12. December 25, 2014.

https://www.ck12.org/book/ck-12-geometry-second
edition/section/9.6/ December 2, 2020

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