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Mathematics
Quarter 1– Module 2:
Circle and Its Standard Equation
(STEM_PC11AG-Ia-2&3)
11
Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 2:
Circle and Its Standard Equation
(STEM_PC11AG-Ia-2&3)
FOREWORD
Learning can be both fun and interactive. So we present to you this Learning Material
that will provide valuable understanding of the topic being presented. As a 21st century
learner, this material can be your stepping stone in achieving proficiency in the subject matter.
The elements serve as guides in your learning journey. The contents of this learning
materials, carefully prepared and developed by dedicated teachers from various schools in
the City of San Jose del Monte, provide deeper understanding.
Treat this module like a friend and it will connect you with the wonderful world of
learning. If you are excited to have fun while learning, this module is for you.
What I Need to Know
This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to
help you master Circle and Its Standard Equation. The scope of this module
permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language used
recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged
to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read
them cab be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.
What I Know
Direction: Choose the letter corresponding to the correct answer. Write your
answers on a separate sheet.
1. What conic section is defined as set of points that are equidistant from a fixed
point?
a. circle b. ellipse c. parabola d. hyperbola
2. Which of the following refers to the segment from the center to any point in the
circle?
a. chord b. line c. radius d. segment
3. What is the standard form of equation of a circle whose center is at the origin
with radius r?
a. x2 = 4y² b. x2 + y2 = r2 c. x2 = - 4y2 d. x2 – y2 = r2
4. What is the standard equation of a circle with center (ℎ, 𝑘) and radius 𝑟?
a. (𝑦 − 𝑘)2 − (𝑥 − ℎ)2 = 𝑟 c. (𝑦 − 𝑘)2 − (𝑥 − ℎ)2 = 𝑟 2
b. (𝑥 − ℎ)2 + (𝑦 − 𝑘 )2 = 𝑟 d. (𝑥 − ℎ)2 + (𝑦 − 𝑘 )2 = 𝑟 2
7. Find the standard equation of a circle whose center is at the origin and whose
radius is 4.
a. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 16 c. 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 = 16
b. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 4 d. 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 = 4
9. If the center is (-9, 6) and the radius is 7, which of the following is the equation
of the circle?
10. Identify the center of the circle whose equation is (𝑥 − 4)2 + (𝑦 + 3)2 = 12.
11. What is the distance between the points (0, 0) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (−3, 4).
a. 5 b. 6 c. 7 d. 8
12. A circle has its center at (2, 5) and a radius of of 3 units. What is its standard
equation?
a. (𝑥 − 3)2 + (𝑦 − 2)2 = 4
b. (𝑥 + 3)2 + (𝑦 + 2)2 = 4
c. (𝑥 + 5)2 + (𝑦 − 1)2 = 9
d. (𝑥 − 2)2 + (𝑦 + 5)2 = 9
14. Which of the following is TRUE about the equation (𝑥 + 1)² + (𝑦 - 2)² = 64?
a. center is (1, 2) c. diameter is 18
b. radius is 8 d. circle is tangent to x – axis
15. The diameter is 10 and the center is at the origin, which equation of the circle
best describe the given?
a. 𝑥² + 𝑦² = 100 b. 𝑥² + 𝑦² = 25 c. 𝑥² + 𝑦² = 10 d. 𝑥² + 𝑦² = 5
What’s In
Since the speaker needs to be equidistant among the participants, a circular formation is
applicable. The speaker will be at the center and his distance to each participant will be the same.
In the diagram, the speaker represents the center of the circle. Drawing a line from the
speaker to any participant may represent a radius. We can, therefore, say that the radius have
the same length.
CIRCLE – It is a closed figure whose points are equidistant from a fixed point. The fixed
point is the center of the circle. The segment from the center to any point in the circle is
the radius.
𝑃(𝑥, 𝑦)
center
radius
What’s New
Now, study the given figures and try to identify the center and the length of its
radius.
Center : ____________
Length of the radius : _______________
Center : ________________
Center : _______________
Center : ______________
If you will analyze the figures given, there are two cases we need to consider
in graphing and writing the standard equations of a circle. These are
Do you know that the standard equation of a circle was derived from the
distance formula? Look at this
𝑃2 (𝑥, 𝑦)
(𝑥2 − 𝑥1 )2 + (𝑦2 − 𝑦1 )2 = 𝑑 2 (squaring both sides)
r
( 𝑥 − ℎ )2 + (𝑦 − 𝑘 )2 = 𝑑 2 (since 𝑃1 represents the
𝑃1 (ℎ, 𝑘) center of the circle, replace 𝑥1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦1 with ℎ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑘
respectively)
(𝑥 − ℎ )2 + (𝑦 − 𝑘 ) 2 = 𝑟 2 (replaced 𝑑 with 𝑟)
(x − h)2 + (y − k)2 = r 2
(x − 0)2 + (y − 0)2 = r 2
x2 + y2 = r2
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = (3)2
𝒙 𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 = 𝟗
center : origin (0, 0)
length of the radius : 4 units
Therefore, the standard equation of the circle is
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = (4)2
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 16
(𝑥 − 2)2 + (𝑦 − 1)2 = 16
(𝑥 + 4)2 + (𝑦 + 3)2 = 4
What’s More
Now that you already learned the standard equations of a circle, another skill
that you should know is how to graph circles on a Cartesian plane.
Be ready with the following material: graphing paper, pencil, ruler, compass (if
available)
Second, locate
the center of the
circle
Consider
Third, form the center, center at (1,1)
measure the length of the
radius using the grid on the
graphing paper (you may
decide on the ratio for each
grid especially if you need a
large measure)
Consider a
You may use radius of 3units
points that are
collinear to the
center as guide
1. Center (0,0); r = 6
2. Center (0,0); r =√3
3. Center (3, -4); r = 8
4. Center (-5, -1); r = 2√2
5. Center (-10,3); r = √5
What I Have Learned
What I Can Do
A. Identify the center and the length of the radius of the circle whose equation is
given below.
a. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 25 b. 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 = 25 c. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 5 d. 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 = 5
Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter
on a separate sheet of paper.
2. Which of the following is TRUE about the equation (𝑥 + 2)² + (𝑦 − 3)² = 36?
a. center is (-2, 3) c. diameter is 18
b. radius is 36 d. circle is tangent to y - axis
3. What is the equation of the circle with an area of 36𝜋 and center at (9,0)?
a. 𝑥² + (𝑦 − 9)² = 6 c. (𝑥 − 9)² + 𝑦² = 36
b. 𝑥² + (𝑦 + 9)² = 6 d. (𝑥 + 9)² + 𝑦² = 36
4. If the diameter has endpoints at (5, -5) and (1, 3), what must be the center of the
circle?
a. (3 , -1) b. (3, -2) c. (2, -1) d. (2, -2)
7. If the center is (9, -6) and the radius is 5, which of the following is the equation of
the circle?
a. (𝑥 + 9)² + (𝑦 − 6)² = 25 c. (𝑥 + 9)² + (𝑦 − 6)² = 5
b. (𝑥 − 9)² + (𝑦 + 6)² = 25 d. (𝑥 − 9)² + (𝑦 + 6)² = 5
8. What is the radius if the center of the circle is (-7, 1) and tangent to origin?
a. 5 b. 5√2 c. 4 d. 4√3
9. The diameter is 18 and the center is at the origin, which equation of the circle best
describe the given?
a. 𝑥² + 𝑦² = 81 b. 𝑥² + 𝑦² = 18 c. 𝑥² + 𝑦² = 9 d. 𝑥² + 𝑦² = 6
10. Which of the following is congruent to 𝑥² + 𝑦²= 25 and translated 5 units down
and 4 units to the left?
a. (𝑥 − 4)² + (𝑦 − 5)² = 25 c. (𝑥 + 5)² + (𝑦 + 4)² = 25
b. (𝑥 + 4)² + (𝑦 + 5)² = 25 d. (𝑥 − 5)² + (𝑦 − 4)² = 25
11. If the diameter has endpoints at (-9, -2) and (-3, 4), what must be the area of the
circle?
a. 3𝜋 b. 9𝜋 c. 18𝜋 d. 27𝜋
14. If the diameter has endpoints at (-6, -1) and (-8, 5), what must be the equation of
the circle?
a. (𝑥 − 1)² + (𝑦 − 2)² = 34 c. (𝑥 − 7)² + (𝑦 − 2)² = 10
b. (𝑥 + 1)² + (𝑦 − 2)² = 34 d. (𝑥 + 7)² + (𝑦 − 2)² = 10
i. Refer to the figures then match each graph with its corresponding
standard equation.
3 6
4
5
7
a. 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 = 𝟕
1
𝑏. 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 = 𝟑
2
𝑐. (𝒙 − 𝟐)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝟑)𝟐 = 𝟗
3
𝑑. (𝒙 + 𝟑)𝟐 + (𝒚 + 𝟐)𝟐 = 𝟒
4
𝑒. (𝒙 + 𝟔)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝟐)𝟐 = 𝟓
5
6 𝑓. (𝒙 − 𝟓)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝟑)𝟐 = 𝟑
𝑔. (𝒙 − 𝟔)𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 = 𝟔
7
Circular Object Center Length of radius Standard equation
Button
Sliced Pineapple
Sliced oranges
Egg yolk
Wall clock
Pizza
Glass window
20
This material was contextualized and localized by the
Learning Resource Management Section (LRMS)
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF SAN JOSE DEL MONTE
CORAZON P. LOJA
Education Program Supervisor, Mathematics
ANNIE C. JOAQUIN
Secondary School Principal III
JOY M. BRIGOLA
Paradise Farms National High School
Writer
NAME
School
Layout Artist
KHARLYN P. BANZON
Sapang Palay National High School
Cover Art Designer
20
KAY MARK C. ORIO
Sapang Palay National High School
Content Editor
20
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