GOVERNMENT PROPERTY

NOT FOR SALE DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

DIVISION OF SAN JOSE DEL MONTE CITY
San Ignacio St., Poblacion, City of San Jose del Monte 3023
11

Mathematics
Quarter 1– Module1:
Circle and Its Standard Equation
(STEM_PC11AG-Ia-2&3)
 11

Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 1:
Circle and Its Standard Equation
(STEM_PC11AG-Ia-2&3)
 FOREWORD

Learning can be both fun and interactive. So we present to you this Learning Material
that will provide a valuable understanding of the topic being presented. As a 21st century
learner, this material can be your stepping stone in achieving proficiency in the subject matter.
The elements serve as guides in your learning journey. The contents of these learning
materials, carefully prepared and developed by dedicated teachers from various schools in
the City of San Jose del Monte, provide a deeper understanding.
Treat this module like a friend and it will connect you with the wonderful world of
learning. If you are excited to have fun while learning, this module is for you.
 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to
help you master Circle and Its Standard Equation. The scope of this module
permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language used
recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged
to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read
them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

The module is composed of two lessons:

 Define a circle (STEM_PC11AG-Ia-2)

 Determine the standard form of a circle (STEM_PC11AG-Ia-3)

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Define circle;
2. Determine the standard form of the equation of a circle; and,
3. Identify the center and radius of the circle.

What I Know

PRE-ASSESSMENT
Direction: Choose the letter corresponding to the correct answer. Write your
answers on a separate sheet.

1. What conic section is defined as a set of points that are equidistant from a
fixed point?
a. circle b. ellipse c. parabola d. hyperbola

2. Which of the following refers to the segment from the center to any point in the
circle?
a. chord b. line c. radius d. segment

3. What is the standard form of the equation of a circle whose center is at the
origin with radius r?
a. x2 = 4y² b. x2 + y2 = r2 c. x2 = - 4y2 d. x2 – y2 = r2

4. What are the standard equation of a circle with center (ℎ, 𝑘) and radius 𝑟?
 a. (𝑦 − 𝑘)2 − (𝑥 − ℎ)2 = 𝑟 c. (𝑦 − 𝑘)2 − (𝑥 − ℎ)2 = 𝑟 2
b. (𝑥 − ℎ)2 + (𝑦 − 𝑘 )2 = 𝑟 d. (𝑥 − ℎ)2 + (𝑦 − 𝑘 )2 = 𝑟 2

5. Which of the following equations of a circle has a center of (3,-2)?

a. (𝑥 + 3)² + (𝑦 + 2)² = 9 c. (𝑥 − 3)² + (𝑦 + 2)² = 9
b. (𝑥 − 3)² + (𝑦 − 2)² = 9 d. (𝑥 + 3)² + (𝑦 − 2)² = 9

6. What is the length of the radius of a circle whose standard equation is

𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 25?
a. 25 b. 12.5 c. 10 d. 5

7. Find the standard equation of a circle whose center is at the origin and whose
radius is 4.
a. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 16 c. 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 = 16
b. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 4 d. 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 = 4

8. Which equation of the circle has its center at the origin?

a. 𝑥² + (𝑦 − 1)² = 8 c. (𝑥 + 1)² + (𝑦 + 1)² = 9
b. (𝑥 - 8)² + 𝑦² = 25 d. 𝑥² + 𝑦² = 15

9. If the center is (-9, 6) and the radius is 7, which of the following is the equation
of the circle?
a. (𝑥 + 9)² + (𝑦 − 6)² = 49 c. (𝑥 + 9)² + (𝑦 − 6)² = 7
b. (𝑥 − 9)² + (𝑦 + 6)² = 49 d. (𝑥 − 9)² + (𝑦 + 6)² = 7

10. Identify the center of the circle whose equation is (𝑥 − 4)2 + (𝑦 + 3)2 = 12.
a. (4, 3) b. (−4, 3) c. (4, −3) d. (−4, −3)

11. What is the distance between the points (0, 0) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (−3, 4).
a. 5 b. 6 c. 7 d. 8

12. A circle has its center at (2, 5) and a radius of 3 units. What is its standard
equation?
a. (𝑥 + 2)2 + (𝑦 + 5)2 = 3 c. (𝑥 − 2)2 + (𝑦 − 5)2 = 3
b. (𝑥 + 2)2 + (𝑦 + 5)2 = 9 d. (𝑥 − 2)2 + (𝑦 − 5)2 = 9

13.What is the possible standard equation of the given graph?

a. (𝑥 − 3)2 + (𝑦 − 2)2 = 4
b. (𝑥 + 3)2 + (𝑦 + 2)2 = 4
c. (𝑥 + 5)2 + (𝑦 − 1)2 = 9
d. (𝑥 − 2)2 + (𝑦 + 5)2 = 9

14. Which of the following is TRUE about the equation (𝑥 + 1)² + (𝑦 - 2)² = 64?
a. center is (1, 2) c. diameter is 18
b. radius is 8 d. circle is tangent to x-axis
 15. The diameter is 10 and the center is at the origin, which equation of the circle
best describes the given?
a. 𝑥² + 𝑦² = 100 b. 𝑥² + 𝑦² = 25 c. 𝑥² + 𝑦² = 10 d. 𝑥² + 𝑦² = 5

What’s In

Social distancing is one

of the protocols during the Covid-
19 pandemic. In order to get the
approval of the IATF, the
organizer of a certain conference
designed a seating arrangement
where the speaker will be on the
same distance among the
participants for a good
interaction and that there is at
Speaker
least one meter distance
between the participants. The
organizer came out with this seat
plan. Do you think this will get
the approval of the IATF? Is the
speaker equidistant to each
participant?

Since the speaker needs to be equidistant among the participants, a circular

formation is applicable. The speaker will be at the center and his distance to each
participant will be the same.
In the diagram, the speaker represents the center of the circle. Drawing a line
from the speaker to any participant may represent a radius. We can, therefore, say that
the radius has the same length.

Now, let us consider this definition:

𝑃(𝑥, 𝑦)
CIRCLE – It is a closed figure whose points are
equidistant from a fixed point. The fixed point is the center of center
radius

the circle. The segment from the center to any point in the
circle is the radius.
 What’s New

Now, study the given figures and try to identify the center and the length of its
radius.

Center : ____________

Length of the radius : _______________

Center : ________________

Length of the radius : _______________

Center : _______________
Length of the radius : _______________

Center : ______________

Length of the radius : ______________

If you will analyze the figures given, there are two cases we need to consider
in graphing and writing the standard equations of a circle. These are

 Circle with center at the origin (0, 0)

 Circle with center at any point on the plane (h,k)

 What is It

Do you know that the standard equation of a circle was derived from the
distance formula? Look at this

√(𝑥2 − 𝑥1 )2 + (𝑦2 − 𝑦1 )2 = 𝑑 (distance formula)

𝑃2 (𝑥, 𝑦) (𝑥2 − 𝑥1 )2 + (𝑦2 − 𝑦1 )2 = 𝑑 2 (squaring both sides)

r
(𝑥 − ℎ)2 + (𝑦 − 𝑘)2 = 𝑑 2 (since 𝑃1 represents the
𝑃1 (ℎ, 𝑘) center of the circle, replace 𝑥1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦1 with ℎ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑘
respectively)
(𝑥 − ℎ)2 + (𝑦 − 𝑘)2 = 𝑟 2 (replaced 𝑑 with 𝑟)

If the center of the circle is at the origin, then the equation is

(x − h)2 + (y − k)2 = r 2
(x − 0)2 + (y − 0)2 = r 2
x2 + y2 = r2

Keep this on your mind

Standard equation of a circle with
𝑥2 + 𝑦2 = 𝑟2
center at the origin

Standard equation of a circle with

(𝑥 − ℎ)2 + (𝑦 − 𝑘)2 = 𝑟 2
center at any point (h, k)

Standard equation of a circle with center at the origin (0, 0)

center : origin (0, 0)

length of the radius: 3 units

Therefore, the standard equation of the circle is

𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = (3)2

𝒙 𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 = 𝟗
 center : origin (0, 0)
length of the radius : 4 units
Therefore, the standard equation of the circle is

𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = (4)2
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 16

Standard equation of a circle with center at (h, k)

center: ( 2, 1) h=2 k=1

length of the radius: 4 units

Therefore, the standard equation of the circle is

(𝑥 − 2)2 + (𝑦 − 1)2 = (4)2

(𝑥 − 2)2 + (𝑦 − 1)2 = 16

center: ( -4, -3)

length of the radius: 2 units

Therefore, the standard equation of the circle is

(𝑥 − (−4))2 + (𝑦 − (−3))2 = (2)2

(𝑥 + 4)2 + (𝑦 + 3)2 = 4

What’s More
Now that you already learned the standard equations of a circle, another skill
that you should know is how to graph circles on a Cartesian plane. As you go to the
next page, you will see the steps to follow in it.

Be ready to have the following materials: graphing paper, pencil, ruler,

compass (if available) before you turn to the next page and follow the steps given.
 Steps in Graphing Circles on a Cartesian Plane

First, draw your x and y axis

on a graphing paper

Second, locate the center

of the circle

Consider
Third, form the center, center at (1,1)
measure the length of the
radius using the grid on the
graphing paper (you may
decide on the ratio for each
grid especially if you need a
large measure)

Consider a
You may use radius of 3units
points that are
collinear to the
center as guide

Lastly, draw the circle using your

compass. If compass is not
available, you may use any string
attached to the tip of the pen.

Now that you know how to graph a circle in a cartesian plane, let us check
your understanding through the activity on the next page.
Practice Exercise 1
Direction: Write the standard equation of the circle with the given conditions and sketch
its graph. Use a separate sheet of graphing paper for your answer.

1. Center (0,0); r = 6
2. Center (0,0); r =√3
3. Center (3, -4); r = 8
4. Center (-5, -1); r = 2√2
5. Center (-10,3); r = √5
 What I Have Learned

Direction: Choose from the wheel the answer being described in each number.
Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. It is a set of all points in a plane

that are equidistant from a
√10
given point C in the plane. 11
2. It refers to the distance from
the center of the circle to any
point. x² +y² = r² circle

3. It is the standard equation of

the circle when its center is in
the origin.
√13
4. This refers to the standard
equation of the circle when its
center is not at the origin is.
5. This is a line segment that has its endpoints on the circle.
6. This is the radius of the equation x² + y² = 121.
7. This refers to the center of the equation (𝑥 -3)² + (𝑦 + 9)² = 5.
8. This is the radius of the equation (𝑥 − 3)² + (𝑦 − 2)² = 13
9. This refers to the distance from P(-1, 3) to Q(2,4).
10. This will be the radius if the diameter of the circle is 26 cm.
 What I Can Do

Activity 1
Direction: Identify the center and the length of the radius of the circle whose equation
is given below. Copy the table on a separate sheet of paper and write your answer.

Standard Equation Center Length of radius

1. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 64
2. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 50
3. (𝑥 + 2)2 + 𝑦 2 = 100
4. (𝑥 − 5)2 + (𝑦 − 1)2 = 36
5. (𝑥 + 2)2 + (𝑦 + 7)2 = 24

Activity 2
Direction: Determine the standard form of the equation of the circle given its center
and radius. Write your answer on the same sheet you use for Activity 1.
1. Center (0,0), radius 5

a. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 25 b. 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 = 25 c. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 5 d. 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 = 5

2. Center (0,0), radius; 7

a. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 7 b. 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 = 7 c. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 49 d. 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 = 49

3. Center (0,0), radius 2√3

a. 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 = 12 b. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 12 c. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 6 d. 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 = 6

4. Center (-2,7), radius 4

a. (𝑥 − 2)2 + (𝑦 − 7)2 = 16 c. (𝑥 − 2)2 + (𝑦 − 7)2 = 4
b. (𝑥 + 2)2 + (𝑦 − 7)2 = 16 d. (𝑥 + 2)2 + (𝑦 + 7)2 = 4

5. Center (-8,-5), radius; 3

a. (𝑥 − 8)2 + (𝑦 − 5)2 = 9 c. (𝑥 + 8)2 + (𝑦 + 5)2 = 9
b. (𝑥 + 8)2 + (𝑦 − 5)2 = 9 d. (𝑥 − 8)2 + (𝑦 − 5)2 = 9
Activity 3

Direction: Find the equation of the circle from the given.

1. center at the origin with point (3, -2)
2. center at the origin with point (-5,-2)
3. center (3, -4) tangent to x-axis
4. center (-3, 6) tangent to y-axis
5. has a diameter with endpoints A (5, 1) and B (-3, -2)
 Post Assessment

Post Assessment
Direction: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate
sheet of paper.
1. Which of the following is a line that has endpoints on the circle?
a. chord b. diameter c. secant d. tangent
2. Which of the following is TRUE about the equation (𝑥 + 2)² + (𝑦 − 3)² = 36?
a. center is (-2, 3) c. diameter is 18
b. radius is 36 d. the circle is tangent to y - axis
3. What is the equation of the circle with an area of 36𝜋 and center at (9,0)?
a. 𝑥² + (𝑦 − 9)² = 6 c. (𝑥 − 9)² + 𝑦² = 36
b. 𝑥² + (𝑦 + 9)² = 6 d. (𝑥 + 9)² + 𝑦² = 36
4. If the diameter has endpoints at (5, -5) and (1, 3), what must be the center of the
circle?
a. (3, -1) b. (3, -2) c. (2, -1) d. (2, -2)
5. The following are equations of circle, which has a center of (-1,7)?
a. (𝑥 + 1)² + (𝑦 + 7)² = 9 c. (𝑥 − 1)² + (𝑦 + 7)² = 9
b. (𝑥 − 1)² + (𝑦 − 7)² = 9 d. (𝑥 + 1)² + (𝑦 − 7)² = 9
6. Which equation of the circle has its center at the origin?
a. 𝑥² + (𝑦 − 4)² = 8 c. (𝑥 + 4)² + (𝑦 + 1)² = 81
b. (𝑥 + 3)² + 𝑦² = 25 d. 𝑥² + 𝑦² = 17
7. If the center is (9, -6) and the radius is 5, which of the following is the equation of
the circle?
a. (𝑥 + 9)² + (𝑦 − 6)² = 25 c. (𝑥 + 9)² + (𝑦 − 6)² = 5
b. (𝑥 − 9)² + (𝑦 + 6)² = 25 d. (𝑥 − 9)² + (𝑦 + 6)² = 5
8. What is the radius if the center of the circle is (-7, 1) and tangent to origin?
a. 5 b. 5√2 c. 4 d. 4√3
9. The diameter is 18 and the center is at the origin, which equation of the circle best
describe the given?
a. 𝑥² + 𝑦² = 81 b. 𝑥² + 𝑦² = 18 c. 𝑥² + 𝑦² = 9 d. 𝑥² + 𝑦² = 6
10. Which of the following is congruent to 𝑥² + 𝑦²= 25 and translated 5 units down
and 4 units to the left?
a. (𝑥 − 4)² + (𝑦 − 5)² = 25 c. (𝑥 + 5)² + (𝑦 + 4)² = 25
b. (𝑥 + 4)² + (𝑦 + 5)² = 25 d. (𝑥 − 5)² + (𝑦 − 4)² = 25
11. If the diameter has endpoints at (-9, -2) and (-3, 4), what must be the area of the
circle?
a. 3𝜋 b. 9𝜋 c. 18𝜋 d. 27𝜋
12. How long is the diameter in question number 11?
a. 6√5 b. 6√2 c. 5√4 d. 5√2
13. Which statement is TRUE about the equation (𝑥 + 5)² + (𝑦 − 3)² = 8?
a. center is (5, -3) c. area is 8𝜋
b. radius is a rational number d. circle is tangent to y-axis
14. If the diameter has endpoints at (-6, -1) and (-8, 5), what must be the equation of
the circle?
a. (𝑥 − 1)² + (𝑦 − 2)² = 34 c. (𝑥 − 7)² + (𝑦 − 2)² = 10
b. (𝑥 + 1)² + (𝑦 − 2)² = 34 d. (𝑥 + 7)² + (𝑦 − 2)² = 10
15. Which of the following circles is located in the first quadrant?
a. (𝑥 + 3)² + (𝑦 + 1)² = 6 c. (𝑥 − 3)² + (𝑦 + 6)² = 8
b. (𝑥 + 6)² + (𝑦 − 10)² = 11 d. (𝑥 − 8)² + (𝑦 − 11)² = 21
 Additional Activities

Direction: Refer to the figures then match each graph with its corresponding
standard equation.

3 6
4

5
7

a. 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 = 𝟕
1
𝑏. 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 = 𝟑
2 𝑐. (𝒙 − 𝟐)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝟑)𝟐 = 𝟗

3
𝑑. (𝒙 + 𝟑)𝟐 + (𝒚 + 𝟐)𝟐 = 𝟒
4
𝑒. (𝒙 + 𝟔)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝟐)𝟐 = 𝟓
5
𝑓. (𝒙 − 𝟓)𝟐 + (𝒚 − 𝟑)𝟐 = 𝟑
6
𝑔. (𝒙 − 𝟔)𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 = 𝟔
7
 Direction: Complete the table. Refer to the illustrations below.

Circular Object Center Length of radius Standard equation

Button
Sliced Pineapple
Sliced oranges
Egg yolk
Wall clock
Pizza
Glass window
 Answer Key

What I Know What’s new What I Have Assessment

Learned 1.B 11.C
1.A 11.A a. c: (0,0) 1.circle 2.A 12.B
2.C 12.D r=3 2.radius 3.C 13.C
3.B 13.A b. c: (0, 0) 3. x²+y²=r² 4.A 14.D
4.D 14.B 4. (x-h)²+(y-k)²=r² 5.D 15.D
r=4
5.C 15.B 5. diameter 6.D
c. c: (2,1) 7.B
6.11
6.D r=4 7.( 3, -9) 8.B
7.A d. c: (-4, -3) 9.A
8. √13
8.D r=2 9. √10 10.B
9.A 10. 13
10.C

What I Can Do
What’s more
Standard Equation Center Length of radius
1. x²+y²=36 1. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 64 (0,0) 8
2. x²+y²=3 2. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 50 (0, 0) 5√ 2
3. (x-3)²+(y+4)²=64 3. (𝑥 + 2)2 + (𝑦 − 3)2 = 100 (-2, 3) 10
4. (x+5)²+(y+1)²=8 4. (𝑥 − 5)2 + (𝑦 − 1)2 = 36 (5, 1 ) 6
5. (x+10)²+(y-3)²=5 5. (𝑥 + 2)2 + (𝑦 + 7)2 =24 (-2, -7) 2√6

B. 1. A 2. C 3.B 4.B 5.C

Additional Activities
C.
1. E 6. G
1. x²+y²=13
2. C 7. F
2. x²+y²=29
3. A
4. B 3. (x-3)²+(y+4)²=16
5. D 4. (x+3)²+(y-6)²=9
1
5. (x-1)²+(y- )²=73
2

Circular Object Center Length of radius Standard equation

Button ( - 7, 9) 4 (𝑥 + 7)2 + (𝑦 − 9)2 = 16
Sliced Pineapple ( 7, 8 ) 5 (𝑥 − 7)2 + (𝑦 − 8)2 = 25
Sliced oranges (-11, 0 ) 3 (𝑥 + 11)2 + 𝑦 2 = 9
Egg yolk ( 0, 0 ) 2 𝑥2 + 𝑦2 = 4
Wall clock (-11, - 10 ) 3.5 (𝑥 + 11) + (𝑦 + 10)2 = 12.25
2

Pizza ( 9, - 5 ) 4 (𝑥 − 9)2 + (𝑦 + 5)2 = 16

Glass window ( 0, - 11 ) 5 𝑥 2 + (𝑦 + 11)2 = 25

20
References
Department of Education. Bureau of Learning Resources. Precalculus
Learner’s Material. Philippines: Lexicon Press Inc., 2016

Department of Education. Bureau of Learning Resources. Precalculus

Teacher’s Guide. Philippines: Lexicon Press Inc., 2016

Department of Education. Curriculum and instruction Strand. K to 12 Most

Essential Learning Competencies with Corresponding CG Codes. 2020

20
 This material was contextualized and localized by the
Learning Resource Management Section (LRMS)
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF SAN JOSE DEL MONTE

MERLINA P. CRUZ PhD, CESO VI

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Office of the Schools Division Superintendent

ERICSON S. SABACAN EdD, CESO VI

Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

ROLANDO T. SOTELO DEM

Chief Education Supervisor
Curriculum and Implementation Division

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Education Program Supervisor, LRMS

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Education Program Supervisor, Mathematics

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Public School District Supervisor, District 9

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Secondary School Principal III

JOY M. BRIGOLA
Paradise Farms National High School
Writer

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Sapang Palay National High School
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