ESTRADA, ZUHARRA JANE C.

BS CRIMINOLOGY 1A

English 101 - Purposive Communication

Lesson 1:

1. Engaging: Putting Things in the Right Perspective

1. Why do people communicate?

Communication is a means of connecting and relating to others. It's a method of gathering and
communicating information and feelings about something or oneself. We interact in order to become
acquainted with something or someone. We communicate to keep in touch with friends and to learn
new things that will help us improve. We also communicate to be relaxed and unconcerned about
something, at least for me. Why? Because being able to speak allows us to form relationships that
allow us to forget about negative events and simply enjoy the present time. Communication aids in
the dissemination of knowledge and information. In human life, communication is crucial. It facilitates
not just the exchange of information and expertise but also the development of interpersonal ties.

2. What might happen to the world if communication does not exist?

The world would be in anarchy if communication had not improved. Communication is crucial because
it allows us to express ourselves verbally or in writing. Without it, our modern culture will quickly
descend into the Dark Ages. Imagine a time before people learnt to talk and write; this is what we
would face if all communication suddenly vanished. Apart from our inability to express ourselves,
everything around us will gradually crumble: firms will close, stocks will plummet, the government
will lose its ability to wield power, and everyone will become feral once more. There would be no
society if there was no communication.

3. Why do miscommunication and misunderstanding happen?

Misunderstandings occur when there is a significant communication gap between the sender and the
recipient. When you transmit a message, it goes through several steps and loses its original meaning.
Keep in mind how teamwork and communication genuinely function to avoid any misunderstandings.
Because of the various hurdles that prevent both people from speaking, miscommunication and
misunderstanding exist. People are unable to import their messages to one another because of
barriers such as noise or linguistic differences, resulting in misunderstanding. It can also happen
because we don't comprehend what they're saying or how they're talking about it, or because
communication isn't working properly. There would be no misunderstanding or misinterpretation if
we listened, read, or watched with the aim of grasping the intended message. On the basis of our own
knowledge, we frequently interrupt what others are saying.

2. Comment on the similarities and differences of the elements/components and the process or
interaction of the elements/components of the types of communication model. Relate each of these
types of model to a real-life situation.

The communication process is generally separated into three models: linear, interactive, and
transactional, each of which provides a unique perspective. In the linear model, the transmitter and
receiver are connected. It is a one-way road. The book uses radio and television broadcasting as
examples. Two people are communicating with each other at the same time under the transactional
model.

Similarities:

Linear and Interactive:

Both the linear and interactive models have one thing in common: the discourse is carried by both
senders.

Linear and transactional:

In that they both move from sender to receiver; linear and transactional messaging are similar.

Interactive and transactional:

Because they are both two-way communication models, the interactive or convergence model is
analogous to the transactional model. On the other hand, the interactive paradigm is most commonly
used in new media, such as the Internet. People can leave comments on any type of mass
communication, such as videos, news, and so on, on this site. People can discuss their ideas and
opinions.

Transactional, interactive, and linear are all terms used to describe how a system works.

Finally, each of the three models contributes to our understanding of how people communicate.

Differences:

A one-way communication system is a linear model that focuses on transmitting a message to a

recipient without receiving a response. The phrase "interactive communication" refers to two-way
communication in which a message is sent and followed by a response. At any given time, people are
conversing with one another about any topic. Linear and interactive models are the two main types of
models. According to linear models, language is merely a vehicle for conveying information. More
complex communication mechanisms are modeled using interactive models.
Shannon and Weaver Model

A face-to-face meeting, a phone call, a Skype call, a chat session, interactive training, or a gathering in
which you and your classmates share ideas and views.

Schramm’s Model of Communication

Making Use of the Telephone

Because you haven't spoken to your best friend in a while, you decide to call her on your way home
from work. You alternate informing one another about your weekend, summer plans, and the state of
your respective families. You promise to call back as soon as possible once you hang up. Without
realizing it, you've engaged in a two-way communication system known as the Osgood-Schramm model.

Aristotle’s Model of Communication

A politician (the speaker) gives a speech in a market square during an election campaign (the occasion).
His goal is to win the votes of the folks in attendance (the audience) as well as those who may be
watching the speech on television. People will vote for a politician if they believe in his or her views (the
effect). At the same time, the way he conveys his tale is crucial to influencing his audience.

As he presents his party's positions, the politician will most likely be familiar with his audience. In some
circumstances, it would be more suitable to undertake preliminary research on the audience to
determine their likely perspectives or attitudes.

Helical Model of Communication

When a child is born, he or she will cry to let his or her parents know that he or she is alive.

Westly and Maclean Model of Communication

Many public relations firms may issue press releases to a daily newspaper on behalf of their customers.
In this case, due to space constraints, the selected Press release will be published. Readers can then
make direct comments to the client or to the daily news in the newspaper. If readers leave comments in
the daily newspaper, the information will be transmitted to the appropriate public relations firm.

Berlo’s Model of Communication

Television viewing is an example of David Barlo's SMCR communication model in action. You take a seat
on the sofa and turn on the television. Hundreds of advertisements attack you, ranging from hair care
products to the latest hybrid vehicles. Another term for it is Berlo's model of communication example
scenario.
3. In the components of speech communication, comment on effect of each type of speaker to
audience. Reflect your own ability as a speaker in your present condition. What type of speaker are
you? What would you need to improve to become a better or much better speaker?

Types of Speaker Effects of Each Type of Speaker to

the Audience

1. The Moving Target The more you move around, the less the audience
will pay attention to what you're saying because
it could be interpreted as anxiousness and thus
constitute a distraction. Make sure you're not
moving too much. Make use of your movements
to back up your claims. Using particular points,
identify locations inside the room and move with
purpose. Don't become a statue as well. It's
amazing to be able to use the stage and walk
about. Movements can sometimes be just as
potent when used in small dosages.

2. The Great Scientist Difficult words may draw the audience's attention
away from the main message. It can be
worthwhile to consider the target audience.
Simplicity is a critical component of good
communication. The whole point of
communication is lost if others don't understand
what you're trying to say. The easier it is to
comprehend, connect, and remember, the
shorter and simpler the words are. Writing clearly
and simply can be construed as intelligence, and
it is more likely to be such.

3. The Comedian Audiences value a good speaker, but they

especially value one who can be amusing. If you
can start by making the audience laugh, you'll
have an excellent chance of connecting with
them. They will grow to like you and be
interested in the subject. When you have no
hesitation and feel one with the audience, doing
anything becomes a lot easier.
4. The Musician Bringing superfluous items into a speech can
distract the audience and draw their attention
away from the important points you're making.
Because such behavior conveys insincerity,
detachment, shiftiness, and arrogance, a speaker
may lose his audience.

5. The Near-sighted Note Nibbler Because there is no eye-to-eye engagement, the

audience will lose interest in the speech you are
giving. Instead of staring at his notes the entire
time, a speaker should make meaningful motions,
engage in eye contact, and own the stage to help
him enhance his claims and persuade the
audience. They have a lot of meaning and can
assist one in grasping what the other is trying to
say.

6. The Preening Peacock Many mannerisms are key symptoms of anxiety,

and they will make people uncomfortable,
perplexed, and undermine what you're trying to
say. Mannerisms are something most people pick
up and mold over time without even realizing it,
but if you know what to look for, you can change
it, and it's also a skill you can work on.

7. The Fumbler When you start picking up notes that fall during a
speech, you'll make tiny gestures that will
gradually distract the audience. You'd be seen as
uneasy and insecure by your listeners. It may
draw attention away from your message and call
your credibility into question.

I'm the type of speaker that is terrified of being on stage in front of an audience. Because of my
anxiousness and lack of confidence, no matter how much I practice and memorize my speech, I still
forget what I need to say when I'm in front of people. As a result, instead of making eye contact with
the audience, I wind myself staring at my notes. When I don't have any notes with me, I end up
standing in front of everyone, wishing the ground would swallow me up so I wouldn't have to deal
with the unpleasant situation. I'm one of those near-sighted note nibbler speakers, which is
supposedly not a good thing. To improve as a speaker, I must overcome my fear and have more faith
in myself than ever before. To begin, we must believe in ourselves in order to persuade others to
believe in us. Everything should begin with us and only us. It's also crucial to have self-assurance.
When you speak with a powerful aura, the audience is more likely to trust your remarks since your
personality makes you appear trustworthy. It's not enough to memorize and practice. Before you can
do anything else, you must first understand your own speech. Your personal understanding and
awareness of your own speech makes it easier for you to communicate yourself clearly and in a logical
manner.

4. In this type of listeners as enumerated in the components of speech communication, what type of
listener are you? Do you're listening attitude differ according to the type of speaker that you listen to?
Explain.

I'm a hesitant reactor when it comes to listening. I'm not good at making my own snot, but I am a
really good listener. As a gesture of respect, I listen and focus on someone speaking, and if necessary,
I ask questions or articulate my ideas regarding the subject matter in order to initiate a dialogue with
the speaker. My listening attitude, on the other hand, varies depending on the speaker I'm listening
to. It is much better if the speaker makes a decent argument and speaks with a feeling of direction.
Because it makes no sense to listen to and pay attention to someone who is speaking. People would
always spend their time on something useful, after all.
5. FIRMING

1. Illustrate the communication process through a diaphragm.

Transmitting ENVIRONMENT

MESSAGE CHANNEL

ENCODING Receiving

INTERFERENCE
SOURCE RECEIVER

Responding Decoding
FEEDBACK

CONTEXT

The source of communication is the one who will generate ideas. This will now take the shape of a
message. Following that, the messages will be transmitted to the receiver via a channel or medium.
The message will now be interpreted by the receiver, who will then provide feedback to the sender.
Interference, perhaps, is depicted in the diagram's center because it can occur at any point during the
communication process. Outside of the diagram, context and surroundings can be found, which will
vary depending on the communication and might influence how individuals interpret the message
being sent from the sender to the receiver. The main processes of communication, as well as the
aspects of communication, include encoding, transmitting, receiving, decoding, and responding.

2. Identify possible communication blocks in the following situations:

A. A written letter of Complaint

• Psychological Barrier - Any disagreement of point of view on the subject that generates his or her
rage or complaint is referred to as a complaint.

• Cultural Barrier - Because there are practices that the opposing party or complainants find
unacceptable.
B. Interaction between a nurse and a patient in pain

• Communication is essential for understanding one another, sharing ideas, and expressing one's
opinions, as everyone knows. It also improves relationships and plays an important role in the
development of everything. However, there are some situations in which we are unable to understand
or interact with others. Every time we travel somewhere, there are always barriers that arise during a
particular dialogue. A nurse and a patient are a good example of this. Nurses' lack of attention as a result
of overworked schedules and insufficient time to complete tasks is a possible impediment. Age and
gender might sometimes be a stumbling block. And, in particular, language difficulties that might lead to
misunderstandings or misinterpretations, which can lead to confrontations. These issues may have an
impact on the nurse's nursing practices toward the patient, which in turn may have an impact on the
patient's health. As a result, we can address these difficulties by listening to and understanding each
other's perspectives. When we are about to speak, we must first construct ourselves in order to fully
grasp communication in life and achieve good rapport.

C. A song with Figurative Language

• Linguistic/Syntactic Barrier - Words from the song have varying meanings or comprehension for the
reader, and the order in which they are presented is important.

• Psychological Barrier - When the reader will literally understand the terms used in figurative language,
this will be important.

6. Concretizing

1. Least various channels So which personnel of your university connect with you. Which channels do
you find most effective? Why?

These are the channels which school personnel may connects with me. These are the following;

- Teachers

- Classmates

- School Employees

- Social Media

- Mobile Phone

To be efficient in communicating, you must have correct information from a reliable source. As a
result, I will select the instructors. Teachers provide accurate and dependable information. Teachers
are the most effective medium since the knowledge is direct and each question is answered
immediately.
2. Through a slogan, state how the knowledge of the communication process aids people in
communicating effectively.

" Listen and Understand; Effective Communication Will Follow "

Every day, the sender and receiver begin the communication process by sharing their thoughts or
facts. From our work lives to social gatherings and everything in between, communication is a need in
our daily lives. In order to obtain the correct and accurate information, avoid misunderstandings, and
maintain a close and happy relationship despite our cultural differences and languages, we must listen
and comprehend. As a result, barriers may be avoided, and we will be able to communicate more
easily. We won't be able to reply if we don't understand, and responding involves communicating. So,
in order to communicate, you must first listen and understand.

7. Introspecting

In this lesson, I learned that in order to be an effective ethical communicator, I must be able to send
and receive communications in a clear, valid, and reliable manner, and I must not assume that the
message being transmitted was delivered correctly and appropriately to the receiver. I should also
make eye contact with the listener and use a clear tone of voice to convey the idea. To be an ethical
communicator, I should pay close attention to the person speaking in order to show respect and
accurately understand the message being delivered by the speaker. I should also clarify things if I am
confused.