Exercise 7C 3 0   5  15 

   =  
0 3  3  9 
4 0
1 a   3 0   5  15 
0 1    =  
0 3 2  6 
1 0
b   So vertices are (3,9), (15,9), (15,6)
0 3
2 0
c  
0 2
7 b Area of original triangle =
1
× 4 ×1 =2
5 0  2
d   det M = 9 so new area = 18
0 0.5 

2 a 4
b 3
c 4
d 2.5

3 a (0, 0)
b (0,0), (3,0), (3,4), (0,4)
(0,0), (3,0), (3,4), (0,4)
So area = 3 × 4 =12

 −2 0
4 a  
 0 1
 −3 0
b  
0 4
 2 0  2  4
 1  8 a    =  
− 0   0 −3   0   0 
c  2   2 0  4 8
 0 1    =  
 −   0 −3   0   0 
 2
 2 0  4  8 
   =  
 a 0   x   ax   0 −3   5   −15 
5    =   ; kax = k ( ax ) , so this
 0 a   kx   kax   2 0  2  4 
point lies on y = kx and the line is    =  
 0 −3   5   −15 
invariant.
So vertices are (4,0), (8,0), (8,-15), (4,-15)
6 a Stretch parallel to the x-axis, scale factor 2
and stretch parallel to the y-axis,
scale factor −3
b det M = −6 so the area has been
multiplied by 6. So k = 4.
 3 01  3
7 a    =  
 0 3   3  9 

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 8 b Area of original rectangle = 2 × 5 =
10 c det M = −6
det M = −6 so new area = 60 so original area = 320 ÷ 64 =
5
⇒ 2(k − 1) =
5
3 7
⇒k =− or
2 2

12 det M =−1× −1 − (− 2 × 2)
= 1 − −2 = 3
So area of P′ = 12 × 3 = 36

13 det M= 8 + k
1
Area of T = (4 − k )(k − 1)
2
1
⇒ (4 − k )(k − 1)(k + 8) =10
2
⇒ (4 − k )(k − 1)(k + 8) =
20
⇒ (k 2 − 5k + 4)(k + 8) =−20
9 a Enlargement, centre (0, 0), scale ⇒ k 3 + 3k 2 − 36k + 52 =
0
factor 2 5 ⇒ (k − 2)(k 2 + 5k − 26) =
0
b Area of original triangle
−5 ± 129
1 k 2 or=
⇒= k
= × (4 − a ) × 2 = 4 − a 2
2
⇒k= 2
det M = 20 ⇒ 4 − a = 3 for integer values of k.
⇒a= 7 or 1  1 1 
 2 − 2
 p 1  p 1
10 a M 2 =    14 a  
 p q  p q  1 1 
 
 p2 + p p+q   2 2 
= 2   1 1 
 p + pq p + q2 
 2 − 2 0 0
6 0 b    =  
b =
M2  ⇒ p =
2
+p 6  1 1 0 0
0 6  
⇒ ( p + 3)( p − 2) =0  2 2 

⇒ p= −3 or 2  1 1 
 − 
 2 2 7  0 
But
= also p + q 0 so p must be − 3  = 
 1 1   7   7 2 
because q > 0  
 2 2 
So p = −3, q = 3
 1 1   5 
 −  3   
 5 −1  2 1   8 0   2 2
 =  2
11 a M =
=      1 1   −2   1 
 2 −2  2 5   0 −8     
b Stretch parallel to the x-axis, scale factor  2 2   2
8; So vertices of T ′ are
and stretch parallel to the y-axis, scale  5 1 
factor −8. Or enlargement scale factor 8 ( 0, 0 ) , (0, 7 2),  , 
and  2 2
centre (0, 0) and reflection in the x-axis.

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 1 1  1 1 
14 c det M= × −− × 
2 2  2 2
1  1
= −−  = 1
2  2
1 5
d Area of T ′ = × 7 2 × 17.5
=
2 2
So area of T = 17.5

Challenge
a 0
 x '   7 0 x   7x 
b For any=x, y,   =    
 y '  0 0   y   0 
The y-coordinate is 0, so all points (x, y) map
onto the x-axis.

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