Professional Documents
Culture Documents
SENTENCES W IT H O N E CLAUSE___________________________
Exam ple I
_ was backed up for miles on the freeway.
(A) Yesterday
(B) In the morning
(C) Traffic
(D) Cars
Exam ple II
E ngineers_____ for work on the new space program.
(A) necessary
(B) are needed
(C) hopefully
(D) next month
In th is e x a m p le y o u s h o u ld n o t ic e im m ed ia te ly th a t th e s e n te n c e h as a su b je c t (engineers),
a n d th a t th e r e is n o verb . B e c a u se an sw er (B ), are needed, is a verb , it is th e b e st answer.
A n sw ers (A ), ( C ) , a n d (D ) are n o t verb s, so th e y are n o t co rr ec t.
STRUCTURE
SUBJECTS ANDVERBS
A sentence in English must have at least one subject and one verb.
1 1 Last w eek went fishing for trout at the nearby m ountain lake.
C 9 A schedu le o f the day’s events can be obtained at the front desk.
6. T he assigned text for history class it contains m ore than twenty chapters.
7. T he papers in the wastebasket should be em ptied into the trash can outside.
10. T he new m achine is processes 50 percent m ore than the previous m achine.
T h is s e n t e n c e c o n ta in s tw o o b je c ts o f p r e p o sitio n s. E xa m s is th e o b je c t o f th e p r e p o sitio n
after a n d boat is th e o b je c t o f th e p r e p o s itio n by.
STRUCTUREANDWRITTEN EXPRESSION
Exam ple
With his friend found the movie theater.
(A) has
(B) he
(C) later
(D) when
OBJECTS OF PREPOSITIONS
A preposition is followed by a noun or pronoun that is called an object o f the preposition.
If a word is an object o f a preposition, it is not th e subject.
^ 2. (in the last possible m om ent)(before takeoff) took his seat in the airplane.
_____ 3. At the neighb orh ood flower shop, flowers in quantities o f a dozen or a h a lf dozen
can be delivered for free.
_____ 4. The progressive reading m ethods at this school are given credit for the im proved
test scores.
_____ 5. For the last three years at various hospitals in the county has b een practicing
m edicine.
_____ 6. In the past a career in politics was n ot considered acceptable in som e circles.
_____ 7. Shopping in the downtown area o f the city it has improved a lot in recent years.
_____ 8. At the building site the carpenters with the m ost experience were given the m ost
intricate work.
STRUCTURE
-------- 9. For the fever and headache took two aspirin tablets.
-------- 10. T h e report with com plete docum entation was delivered at the conference.
Exam ple I
, George, is attending the lecture.
(A) Right now
(B) Happily
(C) Because of the time
(D) My friend
Exam ple II
, Sarah rarely misses her basketball shots.
(A) An excellent basketball player
(B) An excellent basketball player is
(C) Sarah is an excellent basketball player
(D) Her excellent basketball play
APPOSITIVES
An ap Positive is a noun that comes before or after another noun and is generally set off from the
noun ivith commas. If a word is an appositive, it is not th e subjcct. The following appositive
struct jres are both possible in English:
S, APP. v
Tom, a really good mechanic. Is fixing the car.
APP, S V
A really good mechanic, Tom Is fixing the car.
_____ 4. At long last, the ch ief executive officer, has decided to step down.
_____ 5. T onight’s supper, leftovers from last night, did not taste any better tonight than
last night.
_____ 6. T he only entrance to the closet, the door was kept locked at all times.
_____ 7. In the cold o f winter, a wall heating unit, would not turn on.
_____ 8. The new tile pattern, yellow flowers on a w hite background, really brightens up
the room.
_____ 9. The high-powered com puter the m ost powerful m achine o f its type, was finally
readied for use.
_____ 10. A longtim e friend and confident, the psychologist was often invited over for
Sunday dinner.
A p r e s e n t p a r tic ip le is an a d jectiv e w h e n it is n o t a c c o m p a n ie d by s o m e fo r m o f th e
v e rb be.
T h e man talking to his friend has a beard.
ADJECTIVE
Exam ple
The child playing in the yard is my son.
(A) now
(B) is
(C) he
(D) was
- ! " .. .'.
PRESENT PARTICIPLES
A present participle is the -ing form of the verb. T h e present particip le can be ( I) p art o f th e
verb o r (2 ) an adjective. It is part of the verb when it is accompanied by some form of the verb
be. It is an adjective when it is not accompanied by some form of the verb be.
.. • - . • . . . . . . . _. * *
1. The boy is standing in the comer.
2. The boy standing in the comer was naughty.
£ 1. The com panies (offering) the lowest prices will have the m ost customers.
ADJ.
I 2. Those travelers are (completing") their trip on Delta should report to Gate T hree.
VERB
_____ 3. T he artisans were dem onstrating various handicrafts at booths throughout the fair.
_____ 4. The fraternities are giving the wildest parties attract the m ost new pledges.
_____ 5. The first team winning four games is awarded the championship.
STRUCTURE AND WRITTEN EXPRESSION
6. T he speaker was trying to make his point was often interrupted vociferously.
7. T he fruits were rotting because o f the m oisture in the crates carrying them to
market.
8. Any students desiring official transcripts should com plete the appropriate form.
9. The advertisem ents were an n ou n cin g the half-day sale received a lot o f attention.
10. T he spices flavoring the meal were quite distinctive.
Exam ple
PAST PARTICIPLES
A past participle often ends In -ed, but there are also many Irregular past participles. For many
verbs, including -ed verbs, the simple past and the past participle are the same and can be easily
confused. The -ed form o f the verb can be ( I) the sim ple past, (2 ) the past p articip le of a
verb, o r (3) an adjective.
-------- 3. T he chapters were taught by the professor this m orning will be on next week's
exam.
-------- 4. The loaves o f bread were baked in a brick oven at a low temperature for many
hours.
-------- 5. T he ports were reached by the sailors were under the control o f a foreign
nation.
-------- 6. T hose suspected in the string o f robberies were arrested by the police.
-------- 8. The courses are listed on the second page o f the brochure have several
prerequisites.
-------- 9. All the tenants were invited to the In d epend en ce Day barbecue at the
apartm ent com plex.
-------- 10. Any bills paid by the first o f the m onth will be credited to your account by the
next day.
STRUCTURE AND WRITTEN EXPRESSION
_____ 1. For three weeks at the beginn in g o f the sem ester students with fewer than the
m axim um num ber o f units can add additional courses.
_____ 2. O n her lunch hour went to a nearby departm ent store to purchase a w edding
gift.
_____ 3. T h e fir trees were grown for the holiday season were harvested in November.
_____ 4. In the grove the overripe oranges were falling on the ground.
_____ 5. T h e papers being delivered at 4:00 will contain the announcem ent o f the
president’s resignation.
_____ 6. A specialty shop with various blends from around the world in the shopping
mall.
_____ 7. T h e portraits exhibited in the H ouston M useum last m onth are now o n display
in Dallas.
_____ 8. W ith a sudden jerk o f his hand threw the ball across the field to one o f the
other players.
_____ 9. Construction o f the housing developm ent it will be underway by the first o f the
m onth.
_____ 10. T hose applicants returning their com pleted forms at the earliest date have the
highest priority.
1. The North Platte River_ .from . tea plant are small and white.
Wyoming into Nebraska. (A) The
(A) it flowed (B) On the
(B) flows (C) Having flowers the
(C) flowing (D)' The flowers of the
(D) with flowing water
5. The tetracyclines. . antibiotics, are
. Biloxi received its name from a used to treat infections.
Sioux word meaning "first people.”
(A) are a family of
(A) The city of (B) being a family
(B) Located in (C) a family of
(C) It is in (D) their family is
(D) The tour included
6. Any possible academic assistance from
3. A pride of lions . _up to forty lions. taking stim ulants_____ marginal at best.
including one to three males, several
(A) it is
females, and cubs. there is
(B)
(A) can contain (C) is
(B) it contains (D) as
(C) contain
(D) containing
STRUCTURE I
8. The major c a u se_____ the pull of the 10. A computerized map of the freeways using
Moon on the Earth. information gathered by sensors
embedded in the pavem ent--------on a
(A) the ocean tides are local cable channel during rush hours.
(B) of ocean tides is
(C) of the tides in the ocean (A) airs
(D) the oceans’ tides (B) airing
(C) air
(D) to air