Ecfn Aus Ci 0100 Spe 01005 (C PDF)

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ECFN-AUS-CI-0100-SPE-01005 1
Rev: C
Date: 2018/04/11
Table of Contents
1 General 4
1.1 Scope 4
1.2 Work Included 4
1.3 Related Work 4
1.4 Work Excluded 5
2 Abbreviations / Definitions 5
2.1 Abbreviations 5
2.2 Definitions 5
3 Reference Documents 6
3.1 Design Criteria 6
3.2 Local Codes and Standards 6
3.3 American Codes and Standards 6
4 Quality and Submittals Standards 8
4.1 General 8
5 Products 9
5.1 Grouts and Bonding Agents 9
5.2 Waterstops 9
5.3 Joint Fillers 9
5.4 Joint Sealants 10
5.5 Curing Materials 10
5.6 Vapour Barrier 11
5.7 Floor Hardeners 11
5.8 Substitutions 11
6 Setting Out 12
6.1 Base Lines and Bench Marks 12
6.2 Detailed Set-Out 12
6.3 Approval of Set-Out 12
7 Subgrade Preparation 12
8 Formwork 13
8.1 General 13
8.2 Quality 13
8.3 Materials 13
8.4 Execution/Installation 14
9 Reinforcement 15
9.1 Materials 15
9.1.1 Reinforcing Steel 15
9.1.2 Miscellaneous Accessories 15
9.1.3 Wire Mesh 15
9.2 Detailing 15
9.3 Submittals 16
9.4 Shop Drawings 16
9.5 Fabrication 16
9.6 Delivery and Storage 16
9.7 Placement 17
10 Anchor Rods and Embedded Items 18
10.1 General 18
Rev: C
Date: 2018/04/11
10.2 Execution 18
10.3 Waterstops 19
11 Preparations Prior to Concreting 20
12 Placing and Compacting Concrete 20
12.1 Lean Concrete 20
12.2 Labour 20
12.3 Equipment 20
12.4 Placing Concrete 21
12.5 Concrete Pumping 22
13 Concrete Finishing 23
13.1 Floated Finish 23
13.2 Broom of Felt Finish 23
13.3 Trowelled Finish 23
13.4 Concrete Repairs 23
14 Curing 24
15 Form Removal 26
15.1 General 26
16 Jointing 26
16.1 Joint Preparation 26
16.2 Joint Sealants 27
17 Backfilling and Compaction 27
18 Quality Control 27
18.1 General 27
18.2 Inspection Classes 28
18.3 Concrete Testing 28
19 Verification and Acceptance 29
19.1 Verification 29
19.2 Acceptance 29
19.2.1 Repairs 29
19.2.2 Deviations 29
19.3 Rejection 29
19.4 Final Acceptance 29
Rev: C
Date: 2018/04/11
1 General
1.1 Scope
This specification, together with the design drawings, establishes the technical requirements for the
construction of all concrete work, including formwork, detailed structural excavation and backfilling,
pouring, curing and testing of concrete. The scope of work also includes the supply, detailing,
fabrication, placement, testing and delivery of reinforcing steel bars and wire fabric, and the
placement of anchor rods and embedded items. Unless noted otherwise herein, refer to the
standard specifications, codes and standards listed in section 3 for aspects related to this
specification.
1.2 Work Included
This specification applies to all operations associated with, but not necessarily limited to, the
following:
 Design, fabrication, erecting and removal of formwork
 Temporary foundation/supports for scaffolding and formwork if required
 Braces and shores
 Furnishing and installing miscellaneous concrete accessories such as water-stops, form parting
agents, curing compounds, expansion joint fillers, joint sealants, etc.
 Supply of component materials for reinforcing steel bars, wire fabric and miscellaneous items
 Detailing of reinforcing steel bars, wire fabric and miscellaneous items
 Fabrication of reinforcing steel bars, wire fabric and miscellaneous items
 Placement of reinforcing steel, anchor rods and embedded items
 Conveying, placing, consolidating, finishing and curing concrete
 Soil preparation, detailed excavation and local backfilling
 Quality Control, Inspection and Testing Plan
 Packaging and shipment
1.3 Related Work
ECFN-AUS-CI-0100-SPE-01002 Earthworks and Site Preparation Engineering Specification –

to be verified - by GMining
C ECFN-AUS-CI-0100-SPE-01003 Granular Material Engineering Specification – by GMining
ECFN-AUS-CI-0100-SPE-01006 Anchor Rods and Embedded Items Engineering Specification
Rev: C
Date: 2018/04/11
ECFN-AUS-ST-0100-SPE-01001 Supply Fabrication and Erection of Structural Steel
Engineering Specification
1.4 Work Excluded
 Site preparation and bulk earthworks
 Furnishing and delivering of ready-mix concrete
 Supply, detailing and fabrication of anchor rods and embedded items
2 Abbreviations / Definitions
2.1 Abbreviations
The abbreviations listed below, where used in this specification, have the following meaning:
ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials

ACI American Concrete Institute
AWS American Welding Society
CRSI Concrete Reinforcing Steel Institute
ISO International Organization for Standardization
2.2 Definitions
Approval: Approval from the Client
Approved: Approved by the Client
As directed: As directed by the Client
Client, Company Buyer, Purchasers, Owner, Engineer:

These are synonymous terms and shall mean the contractual party (and
its respective authorized agents) that is purchasing the goods or services
from the contractor.
Contractor, Seller, Supplier, Vendor:
These are synonymous terms and shall mean the contractual party that is
providing the goods or services to the Owner.
Rev: C
Date: 2018/04/11
3 Reference Documents
All work shall comply with the rules and provisions of the latest editions and amendments of the
listed American standards and reference documents. The contractor will seek approval from the
Client prior to substituting any other standard:
3.1 Design Criteria
ECFN-FDN-EN-0100-REP-00001 Site Conditions
3.2 Local Codes and Standards
NEC-SE-HM Estructuras de Hormigón Armado
3.3 American Codes and Standards
ACI 117 Tolerances for Concrete Construction and Materials
ACI 207.1R Guide to Mass Concrete
ACI 228 Non-destructive Testing of Concrete
ACI 301 Specifications for Structural Concrete
ACI 302.1R Guide for Concrete Floor and Slab Construction
ACI 304 Guide for Measuring, Mixing, and Placing Concrete
ACI 304.2R Placing Concrete by Pumping Methods
ACI 309R Guide for Consolidation of Concrete
ACI 311.4R Guide for Concrete Inspection
ACI 315 Details and Detailing of Concrete Reinforcement
ACI 318 Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete and Commentary
ACI 347R Guide to Formwork for Concrete
ACI SP-4 Formwork for Concrete
ACI SP-66 ACI Detailing Manual
ASTM A185 Standard Specification for Steel Welded Wire Reinforcement, Plain, for
Concrete
ASTM A615 Standard Specification for Deformed and Plain Carbon Steel Bars for Concrete
Reinforcement
Rev: C
Date: 2018/04/11
ASTM A704 Specification for Welded Steel Plain Bar or Rod Mats for Concrete
Reinforcement
ASTM A775 Standard Specification for Epoxy Coated Reinforcing Steel Bars
ASTM A1064 Standard Specification for Carbon-Steel Wire and Welded Wire
Reinforcement, Plain and Deformed, for Concrete
ASTM A641 Standard Specification for Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) Carbon Steel Wire
ASTM C31 Standard Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the
Field
ASTM C143 Standard Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-Cement Concrete
ASTM C33 Standard Specification for Concrete Aggregates
ASTM C39 Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete
Specimens
ASTM C138 Standard Test Method for Density (Unit Weight), Yield, and Air Content
(Gravimetric) of Concrete
ASTM C150 Standard Specification for Portland Cement
ASTM C156 Standard Test Method for Water Loss (from Mortar Specimen) Through Liquid
Membrane-Forming Curing Compounds for Concrete
ASTM C171 Standard Specifications for Sheet Materials for Curing Concrete
ASTM C192 Standard Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in
Laboratory
ASTM C260 Standard Specification for Air Entraining Admixtures for Concrete.
ASTM C309 Standard Specification for Liquid Membrane-Forming Compounds for Curing
Concrete
ASTM C494 Standard Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Concrete
ASTM C881 Standard Specification for Epoxy-Resin-Base Bonding Systems for Concrete
ASTM C920 Standard Specifications for Elastomeric Joint Sealants
ASTM C989 Standard Specification for Slag Cement for Use in Concrete and Mortars
ASTM C1059 Standard Specification for Latex Agents for Bonding Fresh to Hardened
Concrete
ASTM C1107 Standard Specification for Packaged Dry, Hydraulic-Cement Grout (Nonshrink)
ASTM D882 Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Thin Plastic Sheeting
Rev: C
Date: 2018/04/11
ASTM D1709 Standard Test Method for Impact Resistance of Plastic Film by the Free-
Falling Dart Method
ASTM D1751 Standard Specification for Preformed Expansion Joint Fillers for Concrete
Paving and Structural Construction (Non-extruding and Resilient Bituminous
Types)
ASTM D1752 Standard Specification for Preformed Sponge Rubber Cork and Recycled PVC
Expansion Joint Fillers for Concrete Paving and Structural Construction
ASTM D2628 Standard Specification for Preformed Polychloroprene Elastomeric Joint Seals
for Concrete Pavements
ASTM D2835 Standard Specification for Lubricant for Installation of Preformed Compression
in Concrete Pavements
ASTM D4397 Standard Specification for Polyethylene Sheeting for Construction, Industrial
and Agricultural Applications
ASTM E96 Standard Test Methods for Water Vapour Transmission of Materials
ASTM E1745 Standard Specification for Plastic Water Vapour Retarders Used in Contact
with Soil of Granular Fill under Concrete Slabs
AWS D1.4 Structural Welding Code – Reinforcing Steel
CRD-C-572 US Army Corps of Engineers Specifications for Polyvinylchloride Waterstops
CRSI Manual of Standard Practice, 28th Edition (2009) Quality & Submittals
Standards
4 Quality and Submittals Standards

4.1 General
The contractor shall retain a delivery ticket for each batch of concrete, and it shall be signed by the
contractor’s quality control agent and the construction manager’s representative, at the point of
delivery.
The concrete pour sequence shall be marked up on copies of the concrete layout drawings, including
pour date and time, concrete delivery ticket references, and test cylinder references.
Concrete delivery tickets and test results for concrete slump, temperature and strength shall be
retained as part of the concrete work record.
Standard Submittals – Engineering document requirements are summarized in the Vendor Drawing
and Data Requirements (VDDR).
Rev: C
Date: 2018/04/11
The contractor shall submit a detailed quality assurance plan for all aspects of the work specified in
this specification for Client’s approval. The work shall be carried out only as per approved QA/QC
plan.
5 Products
All products shall be selected to suit the project site conditions, particularly high humidity from
storage and application condition requirements.
5.1 Grouts and Bonding Agents
Grouts and bonding agents shall be as indicated on the design drawings and shall conform to the
requirements of ASTM C1107 and ASTM C1059, respectively. See Specification ECFN-AUS-CI-
0100-SPE-01007, Grouting Engineering Specification for additional information.
Epoxy resin for bonding tie bars and dowels into hardened concrete shall be of a type conforming to
the requirements of ASTM C881.
Strictly follow manufacturer’s requirements for supply, storage, mixing, surface preparation, placing
and curing of these products.
No substitution may be made without prior written approval from the Client.
Use one of the following bonding agents:

"Sikadur 32, Hi-Mod" by Sika Ltd. (structural)
"Sikatop Armatec 110” by Sika Ltd. (structural)
5.2 Waterstops
Waterstops shall conform to U.S. Corps of Engineers CRD-C-572 for polyvinylchloride waterstops,
for the sizes shown on the design drawings. Waterstops shall have a multi-ribbed cross section with
a central U-shaped or O-shaped bulb. They shall be formulated from virgin polyvinylchloride,
containing no reclaimed or recycled material.
Detailed information on all waterstops, their properties, installation and standard support must be
submitted to the Client for approval. Only approved waterstops shall be used in the work. Use
labyrinth type waterstops such as the following or approved equivalent.
"Durajoint PVC WaterStop" by Durajoint Concrete Accesories.
Manufacturer’s installation instructions shall be followed closely. Pre-formed junctions shall be used
where appropriate. All joints of sealing strips shall be welded by the appropriate device to the tensile
strength of at least 80% of the parent material.
5.3 Joint Fillers

Use one of the following premoulded expansion joint fillers.
Non-extruding and Resilient-Bituminous type, conforming to ASTM D 1751:
"Flexcell" by Knight-Celotex Fiberboard
Semi-Rigid PVC type, conforming to ASTM D 3515:
Rev: C
Date: 2018/04/11
"Rodofoam 300" by Tamms Industries
Use premoulded joint filler such as “TP-JOINT” by Nox-Crete
The contractor shall use one of the sealants described below for the service specified, unless shown
otherwise on the drawings.
5.4 Joint Sealants
Field-moulded joint sealants shall be either hot or cold applied materials which, upon curing, form an
impermeable barrier to water, debris or any specified chemicals. The cured materials shall be elastic,
cohesive, and remain adhered to the joint faces throughout the range of joint movement or service
temperatures. The sealants shall not be adversely affected by aging or weathering.
Sealants in horizontal joints, subject to pedestrian and vehicular traffic such as at roadways and
passageways, shall be one of the following:
 A two-component neoprene or polyurethane or a modified urethane coal tar compound, both

cold applied and self-levelling, with an allowable extension and compression of 12.5% and
conforming to ASTM C920 Type M, Grade P, Class 25, Use T. The manufacturer’s
recommended primers shall be used with these sealants.
 Silicone rubber sealant conforming to ASTM C920, Type S, Grade NS, Class 25, Use T. Backer
rods shall be used with silicone treatment.
Sealants in vertical joints in walls or horizontal joints not subject to traffic shall be either polysulfide or
polyurethane compounds, cold applied at a non-sag consistency conforming to ASTM C920, Type S
or M, Class 25, Use NT.
Pre-formed joint sealants shall conform to ASTM D2628 and shall have straight and parallel sides,
shall be of virgin crystallization-resistant neoprene, and shall be compatible with the concrete and
with the lubricant adhesive used for installation. The use of reclaimed neoprene is not permitted.
The joint sealer shall be flexible and pliable, and retain its elasticity at temperatures from -10ºC to +
50ºC.
A lubricant adhesive, conforming to ASTM D2835 and approved by the sealant manufacturer shall
be used in the installation. It shall be compatible with both the sealant and with the concrete and be
relatively unaffected by the normal moisture in the concrete. Adhesives shall be stored at
temperatures between 10ºC and 27ºC.
Use one of the following joint sealants:

"Deck-O-Seal" by W. R. MEADOWS, INC.
"Duoflex NS/SL " by Sika Ltd.
"Sikaflex 2c SL" by Sika Ltd.
“Loadflex Polyurea” by Sika Ltd.
5.5 Curing Materials
Liquid membrane-forming curing compounds shall conform to ASTM C 309, Type 1, Class B or
white-pigmented Type 2, Class B when tested at the rate of coverage recommended by the
manufacturer. The compound shall incorporate some type of fugitive dye to make it visible when
applied. Material shall be free of paraffin or petroleum. One of the following manufacturers are to be
used:
“Concure WB” by Fosroc
Rev: C
Date: 2018/04/11
“MasterKure CC 160WB” by Master Builders
“KURE-N-SEAL 30ES” by Master Builders
Sheet materials for curing concrete shall be a minimum of 8 mils thick waterproof paper, clear or
white polyethylene sheeting or polyethylene-coated burlap, and shall conform to ASTM C171. All
laps shall be sealed. The moisture loss per ASTM C156 shall not exceed 0.055 grams per square
centimetre of surface.
5.6 Vapour Barrier
Polyethylene sheets used as vapour barriers shall conform to ASTM D4397, Type E1 and shall be
made from virgin resins, with a vapour permeance of less than 0.7 metric perms (grams/sq. meter/24
hr./mm HG) tested in accordance with Method B (water method) of ASTM E96. Vapour barriers shall
be a minimum of 6 mils thick when placed under slabs on grade. The polyethylene sheet shall also
have the following properties, when tested in accordance with the noted ASTM standard.
 Tensile resistance ASTM D882 (Method A) 35 MPa
 Impact resistance ASTM D1709 (Method B) 950g
5.7 Floor Hardeners
Floor hardeners shall be as specified on the design drawings. Liquid floor hardeners shall be a
colorless chemical solution of magnesium or zinc fluorosilicate in combination with a wetting agent.
Floor hardeners, when specified on design drawings to minimize the dusting and increase the
abrasion resistance of new floors, shall be premixed, dry shake hardeners consisting of size-graded
hard quartz aggregate and cementations binder. A hardener with metallic aggregate may be
specified for impact resistance or in areas of severe abrasion.
5.8 Substitutions
Submit any proposed changes in materials or methods in writing to the structural Engineer for his
written approval prior to making such changes.
Rev: C
Date: 2018/04/11
6 Setting Out
6.1 Base Lines and Bench Marks
The Client shall establish base lines and bench marks, as shown on the drawings from which the
contractor shall complete the detailed set-out for the work.
If such base lines or bench marks are disturbed in any way by the contractor, they will be
re-established by the Client at the contractor's expense.
6.2 Detailed Set-Out
Detailed set-out shall be carried out by a qualified surveyor to establish all lines and levels and
grades necessary for the excavation and concrete work. Full records of all field work shall be kept in
accordance with good surveying practice, and field books shall be available for inspection by the
Client at any time.
6.3 Approval of Set-Out
The contractor shall be responsible for the accuracy of the detailed set-out. On completion of setting
out each portion of the work, the Client shall be notified, and approval to proceed with the work shall
be obtained.
The Client may elect to check the contractor's setting out, but approval to proceed (whether or not
the Client checks the set-out) shall not diminish the contractor's responsibility for the accuracy of the
work.
7 Subgrade Preparation
Excavation and subgrade preparation below all concrete work shall be carried out in accordance with
Specification ECFN-AUS-CI-0100-SPE-01002 – Earthworks and Site Preparation Engineering
Specification.
Rev: C
Date: 2018/04/11
8 Formwork
8.1 General
The work described in this section consists of the design; fabrication supply, erection and stripping of
formwork and false work for the construction of concrete structures, as specified herein and as
indicated on the drawings.
8.2 Quality
Formwork, including necessary scaffolding, braces, shores, etc., shall be designed and constructed
in accordance with ACI 347R and ACI SP-4. Forms and shores shall be constructed with sufficient
strength to withstand the pressure resulting from all construction loads. Tolerances shall be
maintained in accordance with ACI 117.
The formwork shall be designed by a qualified and experienced engineer to withstand the loads and
pressures resulting from the placement and vibration of the concrete. The formwork shall confine the
concrete to the correct shape and dimensions shown on the drawings, and shall be strong enough to
maintain the required tolerances. When directed by the Client, the contractor shall submit design
drawings and calculations for forms, braces, staging and shores prior to starting work as per the
VDDR.
Drawings and design calculations shall be prepared and submitted for review, when requested by
client, for any formwork for concrete pours exceeding two metres vertical height. Calculations shall
be prepared and signed off by a qualified engineer experienced in the design of similar formwork
elements. Review of formwork design by the Client does not diminish the Contractor’s responsibility
for integrity of the formwork.
Tolerances for finished concrete surfaces shall meet the tolerances nominated in ACI 117.
8.3 Materials
Plywood shall be exterior grade plywood, made with waterproof adhesive with sealed edges.
Plywood shall have a smooth finish on the face in contact with concrete and be of a type satisfactory
to the Client.
C Forming lumber shall be standard sheathing grade in accordance with ACI 347R and CPE INEN-
NEC-SE-MD 26-7 Estructuras de Madera.
Lumber for framing, bracing, supports and falsework shall be in accordance with ACI 347R and CPE
INEN-NEC-SE-MD 26-7 Estructuras de Madera.
Lumber grades shall be suitable for the superimposed loads and size of the concrete member and
comply with the approved design and shop drawings for formwork.
Hot rolled channel, angle, plate and bar shall be in accordance with ASTM A6 or better.
The form releasing agent shall be a non-staining compound, and shall be non-damaging to the
concrete. It shall be effective in preventing adhesion of concrete to forms and in providing clean, oil-
free and grease-free concrete surfaces suitable for proper bonding of protective coatings to concrete.
Rev: C
Date: 2018/04/11
The form-releasing agent must be compatible with the formwork material and concrete (including
admixtures).
The following materials may be used as a form releasing agent (or approved equal):
W.R. Meadows – “Sealtight Duogard”
National Concrete Accessories- “Rich-Cote”
If concrete is to remain exposed, the same form-releasing agent shall be used for all exposed
surfaces.
Materials other than specified shall not be used without prior approval from the Client.
8.4 Execution/Installation
To prevent adherence of the concrete, an approved form release agent shall be applied in
accordance with supplier instructions to the faces of formwork in contact with wet concrete.
No form release agent shall be in contact with construction joint surfaces, reinforcing steel or
embedded materials. Plywood or steel forms shall be used where a smooth form finish is required.
Forms shall be constructed such that the surface finishes are achieved.
Forms shall be tight enough to prevent the loss of cement from the concrete. Chamfer strips 20 x
20 mm (45 degrees) shall be placed in forms, to bevel the exterior corners of all surfaces that will be
permanently exposed. Internal corners shall be formed with a continuous 20 x 20 mm fillet.
Temporary openings in formwork shall be provided at the base of wall forms, and at other locations
where necessary, to facilitate inspection and clean out, prior to concrete placement.
Form facing material shall be such as to produce concrete with a smooth, hard, uniformly textured
surface. All surfaces of forms and embedded items shall be free of debris, hardened mortar or grout
from previous concreting.
The contractor shall prepare all subgrades prior to the installation of formwork, steel reinforcing and
the placing of concrete. Preparation shall include, but not be limited to:
 Drainage of water from the surface
 Placing of a layer of lean concrete, or other approved cover, on surfaces subject to

weathering, or to protect the soil bearing surface during the work
Foundations for formwork shall be of sufficient capacity to carry the maximum loads imposed during
any time in the construction program. Formwork shall be provided to the top face of sloping work
where the slope exceeds 15 degrees from the horizontal.
Prior to the placement of reinforcing steel or other embedded items, the formwork is to be inspected
and the Client’s approval given, to proceed. The contractor shall notify the Client in writing 48 hours
prior to the placing any reinforcement. Placing time must also be stated, so that the Client may
inspect the work and be present during the operations.
Rev: C
Date: 2018/04/11
9 Reinforcement
9.1 Materials
9.1.1 Reinforcing Steel
Reinforcing steel shall consist of new deformed bars conforming to ASTM A615, or ASTM A706 for
C
low alloy steel bars.
The reinforcing steel shall have yield strength of 420 MPa.
Reinforcing steel size shall be designed using the corresponding metric size. The governing sizes
shall be: 10M, 12M, 16M, 20M, 25M, 32M.
Table 1: Reinforcing bars properties
Metric Bar Size
Merian
Cross
Project Bar Diameter
Designation Section Area
Size (mm) 2
(mm )
Designation
10M 10.0 10.0 78.5

12M 12.0 12.0 113
16M 16.0 16.0 201
20M 20.0 20.0 314
25M 25.0 25.0 491
32M 32.0 32.0 804
9.1.2 Miscellaneous Accessories
Chairs, bar supports, spacers, bolsters and tie wire, appropriate for reinforcement, shall be the
proprietary type, fabricated from commercial, pre-galvanized, cold-drawn wire. Bar support legs shall
be turned up 3 mm.
For slabs on grade, concrete blocks or bricks shall be used in lieu of metal bar supports.
9.1.3 Wire Mesh
Welded wire mesh shall be fabricated from plain wire conforming to ASTM A1064 and have yield
strength of 450 MPa. The size of welded wire mesh shall be as indicated on the design drawings.
9.2 Detailing
Reinforcing steel detail and placing drawings and bills of material shall be produced in accordance
with ACI 315 unless noted otherwise on the design drawings.
The contractor shall submit all detail and placing drawings for review and approval before fabrication.
Rev: C
Date: 2018/04/11
9.3 Submittals
As a minimum, the following documents shall be submitted to Client for review prior to the start of
fabrication:
 Certified mill test reports on physical and chemical analysis for each heat of each size of
reinforcing steel delivered with each shipment
 Shop fabrication drawings (bar bending) for reinforcing steel
 Re-bar welding procedures, if applicable
9.4 Shop Drawings
Shop drawings for rebar and welded wire fabric shall clearly indicate the bar diameter and
dimensions, spacing, quantities and their locations as well as those for chairs, spacers, and
supports. Rebar shown shall be marked according to an identification code (tag number) permitting
correct placement.
The review of submittals shall not relieve the seller of the responsibility for compliance with design
drawings, specifications and codes, and for completeness and accuracy of all dimensions and
details.
9.5 Fabrication
Reinforcing steel shall be accurately fabricated to the dimensions shown on the detailed drawings,
within the tolerances stipulated in ACI 117.
Reinforcing steel bars shall be bent cold in the specified area. The bend radius shall be not less than
that given in ACI 318. Inspect each bar for any sign of fracture after bending. Field bending of
reinforcing steel is not permitted, except where authorized by the Client.
Only drawings endorsed “Approved for Construction” shall be used to prepare schedules.
Fabrication methods shall not damage or diminish the material properties of the reinforcement in any
way.
Welding of rebar, if required, shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of AWS D1.4
and ASTM A704. Prior to welding, welder’s qualifications, welding procedures, and inspection and
weld material control procedures shall be submitted to the Client for review and approval.
Dispatch clearly-identified bundles of reinforcing bars in conformity with bar schedules. Replace all
bars demonstrating fissures, crazing and excessive rust.
9.6 Delivery and Storage
Reinforcing steel shall be shipped in securely-tied and tagged bundles for each bar mark. Each tag
shall indicate the quantity, grade, size, piece mark and suitable identification to allow checking,
sorting and placing. Weatherproof tags that will remain legible for a minimum of one year shall be
used.
Reinforcing steel shall be supported on timber sleepers, so that they are kept well clear of the
ground, and so that the accumulation of mud, dirt, or other foreign material is prevented.
Rev: C
Date: 2018/04/11
Deliveries shall be scheduled sufficiently ahead of installation, so that inspection before installation
can be carried out.
9.7 Placement
Reinforcing shall be placed as indicated on the design drawings and in accordance with NEC-SE-HM
or ACI 301.
Metal bar supports shall not be used to support reinforcing steel in concrete placed against earth.
Use of steel rods driven into the subgrade to support reinforcing steel or other methods of support is
prohibited. Metal bar supports may, however, be used for elevated slabs.
Reinforcing steel shall be placed securely, in accordance with the approved detail and placing
drawings. Secure placement is attained when the reinforcing steel, individually and collectively,
experiences minimal movement in any direction when subjected to the loads that will be imposed
during the concrete placement activities. All rebar splices shall be located and installed as shown on
the design drawings. Any additional splices shall be provided only after approved by the Client.
Reinforcing steel shall be bent cold. Re-bending of hooks shall not be permitted. Bars may be
straightened, provided the bend is not less than 2 times the recommended minimum diameter (as
per ACI 318).
Ensure that all reinforcing elements are free of loose rust, scale, oil, dirt, loose mill scale, paint, loose
mortar, and structural defects. Loose mill scale, loose rust, and loose mortar is that which can be
removed by wiping by hand with a burlap cloth.
Mill scale, rust, or a combination of both remaining will be acceptable as being satisfactory without
cleaning or brushing, provided that upon wire brushing, the dimensions including height of
deformations and weights of a clean sample shall not be less than the applicable ACI Specification.
Ensure that reinforcing elements are unpainted and uncoated prior to their installation, unless
otherwise noted in the drawings.
At the time of concrete placement, the rebar shall be free from all deleterious materials, such as
mud, oil, flaky rust, excessive mill scale or from coatings, which may reduce the bond.
All reinforcing, including welded wire fabric, shall be placed and securely wired together. Use
minimum 1.6 mm diameter soft annealed tie wire, or equivalent, for tying reinforcing steel. Assure
that the ends of the tie wires are turned away from the adjacent concrete face prior to concrete
placement.
Welded wire fabric shall be spliced by overlapping continuous sheets in such a manner that the first
cross wire of the top sheet overlaps the next to last cross wire of the bottom sheet by 50 mm, or a
minimum distance of 300 mm. Welded wire fabric shall be supported and securely fastened in the
required position.
When dowels or other reinforcing steel projecting from previously placed concrete are exposed to the
weather for longer than three months, the exposed bars shall be protected with a thin coat of cement
mortar. The mortar shall be thoroughly removed before the subsequent concrete is placed.
Reinforcing steel shall not be bent after concrete has hardened.
Rev: C
Date: 2018/04/11
When field bending is authorized, bars shall be bent without heat, applying a slow and steady
pressure. Field bent bar shall meet the requirements of Section 9.1.
Bars which develop fissures, cracks, or other damage shall be replaced.
Clear distances between bars, except for columns, shall not be less than the nominal diameter of the
bar, or 25 mm, or one and one third times the maximum size of the coarse aggregate, or as specified
on the drawings. Bars placed in two or more layers shall have a minimum clearance between layers
of not less than 25 mm and shall be placed directly above and below each other.
Clear distance between bars for columns shall not be less than one and one half the nominal
diameter of the bar or 40 mm, or one and one half times the maximum size of the aggregate.
Protect reinforcing steel, where not otherwise shown on structural drawings, by the clear cover of
concrete over the reinforcement as follows.
 75mm for concrete cast against ground.
 50mm for formed concrete exposed to weather water and lean concrete.
 40mm for beams and columns not exposed to weather and water.
 30mm for top of slab wear allowance allowed.
Slab reinforcement shall be supported at maximum spacing of 600 mm in each direction.
Contractor shall obtain Client’s approval on final placement of reinforcing steel, anchor rods and
embedded steel before pouring of concrete. Concrete poured in violation may be rejected and
ordered to be removed at contractor’s expense.
10 Anchor Rods and Embedded Items

10.1 General
Anchor rods, pipe sleeves and other embedded items shall be fabricated and installed as shown on
the drawings and in accordance with specification ECFN-AUS-CI-0100-SPE-01006.
10.2 Execution
Anchor rods, curb angles, pipe sleeves, anchor plates and all other embedded items, shall be placed
by the contractor as specified here and as shown on the design drawings. They shall be free of
deleterious materials, such as dirt, grease and heavy scale. The contractor shall coordinate with
other trades when inserts placed by others are required. The contractor shall fill voids in sleeves with
readily removable material to prevent the entry of concrete, dirt, etc.
Anchor rods and other embedded items shall be accurately located in the concrete work, and placed
within the tolerances shown on the drawings, and as noted below, in accordance with ACI 117.
These tolerances shall be applied to all anchor rods, including those for equipment bases, unless
more stringent tolerances are noted on the design or equipment drawings.
Rev: C
Date: 2018/04/11
Steel templates shall be used to securely position all anchor rods. Templates shall be supported
independent from the reinforcing steel.
Unless shown otherwise, anchor rods shall be set perpendicular to the theoretical bearing concrete
surfaces and threads shall be protected from concrete, so that at the completion of pouring, the nuts
run freely on the threads. Polystyrene or pipe anchor rod sleeves shall be completely cleaned out
prior to erection of steelwork or equipment.
Anchor rod placement tolerances before and after completing concreting shall be as follows:
±3 mm centre-to-centre distance shown on drawing of any two anchor rods in a group
±6 mm centre-to-centre distance shown on drawing of any adjacent anchor rod groups
Post-installed anchors shall be used as specified on the drawings and shall be supplied by TAPCON,
or approved equal.
All embedded items shall be securely held in position and shall be checked by the contractor
immediately after the concrete is placed. Any change in position shall be corrected at this time. Care
shall be exercised so that the waterstops, if used, are not punctured or damaged.
After the concrete has hardened sufficiently, the exposed portion of anchor rods shall be cleaned of
all concrete and the threads chased. Threads shall then be carefully coated with anti-corrosion
grease and the washers and nuts installed.
Electrical conduits, where required, shall be securely fixed to within a tolerance of ±6 mm of that
indicated on the drawings. Any projection beyond the concrete surface shall be within +10 mm of
that indicated on the drawings. Conduits shall be securely capped and ends sealed to prevent any
ingress of concrete.
Pipework, where required, shall be securely fixed so that the locations of penetrations through
concrete surfaces are within ±10 mm of those shown on the drawings. Pipes shall be fixed to a
uniform grade within the concrete, to ensure they are free-draining and pipe ends shall be sealed to
prevent ingress of concrete.
10.3 Waterstops
Waterstops shall be accurately positioned as indicated on the drawings. Waterstops shall be jointed/
spliced, as required, to form a continuous water barrier. Splices / joints shall be made using
methods and equipment recommended by the manufacturer. Water-stops shall be cut and spliced at
changes in directions as necessary, to avoid buckling or distortion of the web or flange.
For ribbed PVC waterstops the jointing process shall provide a joint with a tensile strength of at least
80% of the un-jointed material with ribs and bulbs exactly matched up. If requested, the contractor
shall make a sample joint for approval before proceeding to make prototype joints.
Waterstops shall be protected from damage or displacement during construction and placing of
concrete.
Waterstops must be properly installed prior to placing of concrete so as to form a continuous

watertight diaphragm in each joint. Dislocation during concreting must be prevented by appropriate
measures.
Rev: C
Date: 2018/04/11
11 Preparations Prior to Concreting
Reinforcing steel, anchor rods and other embedded items shall be clean. Form releasing agent and
all other substances that would affect the bond shall be thoroughly removed.
Forms, reinforcing, and subgrade shall be thoroughly dampened, immediately prior to concrete
placement. However, the subgrade shall be free of pools of water or soft spots.
The subgrade material on which any concrete will be placed must be adequately compacted with
vibratory equipment suited to the conditions and per the requirements of specification ECFN-AUS-
CI-0100-SPE-01003 – Granular Material Engineering Specification. Follow geotechnical consultants’
recommendations for foundation supports.
Prior to the actual concrete placement, formwork shall have been completed. Rebar, inserts, anchor
rods, and all other embedded items shall have been set and secured in place. Water and debris
shall been removed, and the entire installation shall have been checked and approved. All placing
equipment shall be cleaned before depositing concrete.
12 Placing and Compacting Concrete

12.1 Lean Concrete
Where lean concrete is specified on the design drawings, it shall be deemed to be included in the
contract price. Where lean concrete is not shown on the design drawings, but is required to be
placed because of site conditions, it will be paid for at the scheduled rate.
Where unauthorised over-depth excavation is made, the deficiency shall be backfilled with lean
concrete or approved backfill at the Contractor's expense.
12.2 Labour
Concrete shall be placed by competent and experienced workers. The contractor shall ensure that
the workforce available at the time of pouring is adequate for the task, and includes competent rebar
and formwork labour to adjust and correct the reinforcement and/or forms during the course of the
pour if necessary.
12.3 Equipment
All walkways and barrow runs shall be supported without imposing loads on reinforcement or
embedded items and without displacing formwork. Equipment for chuting and conveying concrete
shall be designed and operated to deliver a continuous supply of concrete without segregation.
Vibration equipment shall be of adequate size and power for the section of concrete to be
compacted. Standby units shall be kept available in case of breakdown.
Concrete pumps shall be of adequate power and capacity to suit the site requirements. Delivery
pipes shall be laid out to minimise bends between the pump location and the point of delivery. Pipes
shall be sized to suit the required delivery rate, but shall not exceed 100 mm nominal bore unless
approved by the Client.
Rev: C
Date: 2018/04/11
All concreting equipment shall be properly maintained throughout the Project. Mortar build-up shall
be cleaned off equipment wherever it may cause blockages or segregation in subsequent pours.
Pump delivery lines, especially flexible lines, shall be inspected regularly and replaced when worn.
12.4 Placing Concrete
All concrete placements shall be controlled by the contractor, with concurrence and approval from
the Client for the limits of the placement involved. These limits shall coincide with the location of
construction joints shown on the drawings. Concrete shall be placed in daylight unless adequate
lighting is provided for night work, with the Client's approval. Client approval is considered solely as
an acknowledgement that the Contractor has met the requirements, and in no way relieves the
Contractor of the responsibility to complete the work in accordance with all drawings and
specifications, or of the responsibility to correct any defective workmanship, when required.
For a concrete element without a vapour barrier under it, dampen the sub-grade before placing the
concrete, without leaving standing water or dry areas.
Care shall be taken to avoid damage to concrete previously placed and to other work in the vicinity of
the planned pour.
Concrete shall be placed in a planned sequence continuously between construction joints or within
the limits of the pour, generally progressing in one direction, and where a slab is graded, in the rising
direction. Once the concrete placement has started, it shall carry on as a continuous operation until
its predetermined limit has been reached.
Concrete shall be conveyed or pumped as close as possible to its required final position without
separation or segregation, in accordance with ACI 304R and ACI 304.2R. Vibrators shall not be used
to move concrete laterally into position.
Concrete shall be deposited, as nearly as practical, in its final position, to avoid segregation due to
re-handling. Do not deposit concrete when the point of discharge exceeds a vertical drop of 1.8 m.
Larger drops shall be achieved with chutes, baffles, pipes or other approved means. Concrete, which
has partially hardened or has been contaminated by foreign matter, shall not be deposited, and shall
be disposed of as per approved project procedure.
Conveying equipment shall be of the size and design required to ensure a practically continuous flow
of homogeneous concrete at the deposition obtained, but under no circumstances shall concrete be
conveyed through any chute or pipe made of aluminium or aluminium alloy.
Preparations shall be completed and concrete delivery properly scheduled so that concrete can be
promptly placed, consolidated, and finished at the fastest rate. The contractor shall have adequate
equipment, including spares, available on site.
Fresh concrete shall be protected with tarpaulins or other suitable means from damage due to rain.
If possible, concrete shall not be placed under rain conditions. Protection shall be maintained after
placement and finishing until the concrete has achieved sufficient set to prevent washout of any
mortar.
Concrete shall be deposited continuously or in layers of sufficient thickness to a maximum of

450 mm, so that no concrete is deposited on concrete that has hardened enough to cause plane of
weakness or seams in the section. Place concrete in one continuous operation from one end of the
structure toward the other. Position grade stakes on 3 m centers maximum in each direction when
placing interior slabs and on 6 m centers maximum for exterior slabs.
Rev: C
Date: 2018/04/11
Concrete in vertical elements shall be placed in layers not exceeding 600 mm deep, such that each
layer can be fully compacted and made continuous with the previous layer with no cold joints.
Place concrete for vertical members, such as walls and columns, to a level approximately 25 mm
above the soffit of the deepest beams, girders, tops of walls, or other superimposed construction,
and then strike off to the true level after settlement has taken place.
Concrete shall be consolidated by vibration or other suitable means and thoroughly worked around
the reinforcing bars, embedded items, and into corners, to eliminate all voids or stone pockets which
cause honeycombing or weak areas. Concrete shall be consolidated in accordance with the
requirements of this specification and ACI 309R.
All concrete shall be consolidated by mechanical, internal-type vibrators, supplemented by hand

spading as necessary. The contractor shall assure that spare vibrators are available prior to starting
the placement. The vibrators used shall be the largest practical size for the work and shall operate
at a minimum of 6000 pulsations per minute while submerged in the concrete. The vibrator
frequency shall be periodically measured to assure conformance. Vibrators shall not be used to
transport the concrete; they shall be inserted vertically at spacing recommended by the manufacturer
but not more than 450 mm apart, and then withdrawn after the appropriate vibration time. Vibration
times shall be monitored to ensure complete consolidation without segregation. The duration of
each insertion shall be long enough to consolidate the concrete (generally 5 to 10 seconds), but not
so long as to cause segregation. External vibrators may be used, with prior approval from the Client,
only on the exterior surface of forms when internal vibrators do not provide adequate consolidation.
The contractor shall prevent accumulation of hardened mortar on forms or reinforcing when placing
concrete, especially in thin sections or walls of considerable height, by depositing the concrete
through openings in the side of the forms, by using a tremie, or by other approved means.
Unless specially authorized in writing by the Client, concrete shall not be placed in water nor shall
water be allowed to rise over, drop on, or flow through freshly placed concrete before it has acquired
final set. In an emergency, or where conditions require the deposition of concrete in or through
water, the concrete shall be placed using tremies. Sump pipes and drains shall be filled by grouting
under pressure or as otherwise approved by the Client, after the concrete has thoroughly hardened.
Placement of concrete in elements supported by previously placed concrete items, such as columns
or walls, shall not be started until the previously placed concrete is no longer plastic and has been in
place for at least 2 hours.
Surplus concrete shall be deposited, and the concrete trucks washed, only in the areas designated
by the Client.
The contractor shall take test cylinders during the process of the work to determine the time to strip
forms or when a structure or foundation may be put to use. The test cylinders shall be stored in an
area adjacent to the concrete being sampled and all curing and testing will be in accordance with
C ASTM C39.
12.5 Concrete Pumping
Adequate means of communication shall be provided between the pump operator and the placing
crew. Feed to the pump shall be maintained at a steady rate. Initial slurry and cleaning water shall
not be allowed to enter the forms. Also, no grout, mortar or concrete used to slick the pump line shall
be allowed to be incorporated in the work, unless prior approval from the Client is obtained. Any
Rev: C
Date: 2018/04/11
concrete wasted in clearing blockages or on completion shall be disposed of as directed by the
Client.
13 Concrete Finishing
Concrete finishing shall be accurately performed to the notes shown on the detailed drawings.
Concrete floor slabs shall be screeded to the proper configurations and elevations, machine floated,
and finished to obtain a hard and uniform surface free from sharp edges, voids and machine marks.
Unless otherwise indicated, finishing tolerances shall be as specified in ACI 301.
A sealing agent and a hardener as specified shall be applied onto the slabs as indicated on the
structural standard included with the drawings.
Finishes for reinforced concrete elevated or grade slabs shall be as follows:
13.1 Floated Finish
After the concrete has been placed, consolidated, struck off, and levelled, the concrete shall not be
worked further until ready for floating. Floating with a hand float or with a bladed power trowel
equipped with float shoes, or with a powered disc float shall begin when the water sheen has
disappeared and when the surface has stiffened sufficiently to permit the operation. During or after
the first floating, planeness of surface shall be checked with a 3-m straightedge applied at not less
than two different angles. All high spots shall be cut down and all low spots filled during this
procedure to produce a surface within Class B tolerance throughout. The slab shall then be
refloated immediately to a uniform sandy texture.
13.2 Broom of Felt Finish
Immediately after the concrete has received a float finish as specified above, it shall be given a
coarse transverse scored texture by drawing a broom or burlap belt across the surface.
13.3 Trowelled Finish
The surface shall first be float-finished as specified. It shall next be power trowelled, and finally hand
trowelled. The first trowelling after power floating shall produce a smooth surface which is relatively
free of defects but which may still show some trowel marks. Additional trowelling shall be done by
hand after the surface has hardened sufficiently. The final trowelling shall be done when a ringing
sound is produced as the trowel is moved over the surface. The surface shall be thoroughly
consolidated by the hand trowelling operations. The finished surface shall be essentially free of
trowel marks, uniform in texture and appearance and shall be plane to a Class A tolerance, except
tolerance for concrete on metal deck shall be Class B. On surfaces intended to support floor
coverings, any defects of sufficient magnitude to show through the floor covering shall be removed
by grinding.
13.4 Concrete Repairs
Repairing of surface defects and hand rubbing will be required on exposed surfaces only where
patching of honeycomb is necessary, or where workmanship produces surface defects exceeding
Rev: C
Date: 2018/04/11
those noted above. Offsets caused by displaced or misplaced form sections, by loose knots in
forms, or by otherwise defective form lumber will be considered as abrupt surface defects.
 Smooth form finish where concrete surfaces will be exposed to public view: patch tie holes
and defects; remove fins exceeding 3 mm in height.
 Rough form finish for all other surfaces: patch tie holes and defects, chip or rub off fins
exceeding 12 mm in height, leave surfaces with the texture imparted by the forms.
Concrete surfaces, both above and below the backfill lines, shall have all the metal form ties
removed not less than 19 mm back from the faces of the concrete. The holes shall be cleaned and
wire brushed to remove laitance, form oil, curing compound, and other foreign material. They shall
be scrubbed with a thin grout of cement and water, and filled with a dry-packed mortar composed of
one part Portland cement and 2½ parts sand. Sand shall pass a 1 mm sieve and must be clean and
free of materials which might cause discoloration. No more water than necessary for proper placing
shall be used. Mortar patches shall either be kept moist for 7 days or sprayed with curing compound
immediately after patching is completed.
Dusting freshly placed concrete surfaces with cement or a mixture of sand and cement before or
during the finishing operations is prohibited.
Unless specified otherwise, the top of column piers, small equipment foundations, flat bottom tank
foundations, and similar foundations to receive grout shall be scored, and all laitance, grease, dirt, or
other deleterious materials removed.
14 Curing
Concrete curing shall be in accordance with ACI 308.
Cure and protect fresh concrete against moisture loss immediately after placement.
Concrete surface shall be kept continuously wet during curing.
Allow curing for at least 7 days except for high early-strength concrete for which the curing period
shall be at least 3 days. The duration of the curing period shall in all cases be subject to review.
Exercise great care in the curing and protection of all concrete. Requirements for curing and
protection shall include, but not be limited, to the following:
Protection from bad weather, running water and any other damage during construction.
Immediately after placing and finishing, protect exposed concrete from moisture loss by using one of
the above-mentioned curing agents in accordance with following:
1. When tarpaulins are used, overlap sides and ends by a minimum of 100 mm and keep them
moist during entire curing period.
2. When sheets of or polyethylene film are used, overlap sides and ends by at least 100 mm and
fasten them to adjacent surfaces by means of adhesive tape to totally seal in surfaces during
hardening.
Rev: C
Date: 2018/04/11
3. Lay out a pressurized liquid membrane by means of approved spraying or distribution
equipment, in two uniform layers at a rate of 2.5 litres per 10 square meters of surface area. Follow
the fabricator's recommendations with respect to agitation during application. Do not use a liquid
membrane for the curing of surfaces that shall have a finish bound to the concrete or a floor
hardener unless a compatibility certificate and performance records of at least five years are
provided.
5. Before reusing cover sheets, inspect and repair holes and tears with glued additional pieces.
6. The curing process shall last for 7 days or until the concrete has reached 70% of the specified
compressive strength (fc), whichever is less. In order to verify the effectiveness of the curing process,
determine concrete strength by testing test cylinders from the field, cured in the same fashion as the
placed concrete.
Rev: C
Date: 2018/04/11
15 Form Removal
15.1 General
Removal of formwork shall be carried out in a planned logical sequence, and shall ensure gradual
load transfer to the new concrete work with no resultant damage to the structure and in such a
manner as to ensure the complete safety of the structure. Additional form removal information shall
be included in the detailed drawing notes.
In no case shall the supporting forms or shoring be removed, until the members have acquired
sufficient strength to safely support their weight and any superimposed loads. Forms and shores of
load-carrying structural elements shall not be removed until the concrete has attained a minimum of
80% of the specified 28-day strength, unless specified on drawings.
Forms from non-load-bearing concrete elements shall be removed after the concrete has attained
sufficient strength so as not to be damaged by the form removal operations, but not sooner than 8
hours after completion of the placement.
16 Jointing
16.1 Joint Preparation
All construction, control and isolation joints shall be as located and detailed on the design drawings.
Client approval shall be obtained to add, relocate, or delete construction joints prior to form erection.
In the event that construction joints cannot be located as shown on the drawings, they shall be
located to least impair the strength of the section. Any additional unplanned construction joints
required due to interruption of concrete supply or any other reason shall be approved by the client
prior to their construction.
The Client may require concrete adjacent to unplanned construction joints to be broken back to a
more suitable alignment. No extra will be paid for costs associated with such additional work,
including breaking back, if ordered.
Construction joints shall be prepared such that the surface mortar is removed by mechanical or other
means, such as “green cutting” with a surface retarder, water blasting, etc., to expose the coarse
aggregate. A sound, fundamentally uniform profile, 6 mm maximum amplitude, shall be created free
of undercut and cracked coarse aggregate, which is without pockets or irregularities that could trap
air when the fresh concrete is placed. All laitance, loose mortar, curing compound, and other
substances that can adversely affect bond shall be removed.
Prior to the placement of the adjoining concrete, the face of the joint shall be saturated and all
standing water shall be removed.
Exposed faces of joints which are to act as control joints shall not be scabbled or roughened, but
shall be cleaned by compressed air or water. A bond-breaker shall be included where shown in the
drawings.
Joints with waterstops shall be located as shown on the drawings. The water stop material shall be
in the longest practical length to limit the number of splices.
Rev: C
Date: 2018/04/11
At horizontal construction joints on exposed surfaces, forms shall be constructed with strips to
produce a straight joint at the exposed surface, unless directed otherwise.
16.2 Joint Sealants
Joint rebates shall be formed and sealed in accordance with the details shown on the drawings,
using the sealant materials noted on the design drawings.
Joint sealant shall not be applied prior to the minimum concrete age nominated by the manufacturer,
unless specific advice is obtained from the manufacturer as to additional priming or other measures
that may be available to expedite this operation.
Sealant rebates shall be cleaned using compressed air and shall be dry. A bond-breaker tape or
bead shall be placed in the base of the rebate, and the sides shall be primed in accordance with the
sealant manufacturer’s recommendations.
Sealant shall be mixed, applied and finished in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions and
any excess material shall be cleaned off adjacent work. Trafficking of the area shall not be permitted
until the recommended cure time has elapsed.
17 Backfilling and Compaction

Backfilling and compaction around concrete elements shall be carried out in accordance with
Engineering Specification ECFN-AUS-CI-0100-SPE-01002 – Earthworks and Site Preparation
Engineering Specification, using the materials and compaction levels as noted on the design
drawings. Care shall be taken to ensure that concrete members have attained required strength to
allow backfilling operations around them.
18 Quality Control
18.1 General
A quality control (QC) plan shall be submitted for approval prior to commencement of work as per the
VDDR. The QC plan shall identify all work activities requiring inspection. The minimum
requirements of the plan shall address the hold /witness points for significant milestones including:
 Testing of materials
 Installation of formwork
 Placing of reinforcing steel and embedded items
 Pouring of concrete
 Finishing and curing
 Jointing
 Removal of formwork
 Testing and inspection
Rev: C
Date: 2018/04/11
The quality control and evaluation of the concrete work shall be the responsibility of the contractor.
The contractor shall appoint a full time qualified, dedicated concrete work quality control engineer to
ensure that all work conforms to the project requirements.
18.2 Inspection Classes
All structures, unless noted otherwise on the design drawings, shall require inspection as defined in
ACI 311.4R.
The contractor shall supervise and inspect the concrete work so as to fulfill the provisions of this
specification. This applies to inspection of materials and products, false work and formwork,
reinforcement and embedded items, and concreting operations. Where inspection reveals non-
conformity, appropriate measures corresponding to the contractor’s approved quality manual shall be
taken to ensure that the structure remains fit for its intended purpose.
18.3 Concrete Testing
Concrete testing for slump, air content, temperature, compressive strength and density shall be as
required in standards ACI 301 and ACI 318. The requirements for curing, protecting and transporting
concrete test specimens shall be as per ASTM C31. All samples shall be taken at the truck
discharge except for pumped concrete where the samples shall be taken at the pump line discharge.
Frequency of testing and acceptance criteria to be per ACI 318.
Non-destructive methods for testing concrete shall be in accordance with ACI 301 and ACI 228.1.
The compressive strength of concrete (f’c) shall be taken as 25MPa.
With each concrete pour, the contractor must advise the laboratory and the engineer at least twenty-
four (24) hours in advance in order to ensure that a representative of the laboratory is present during
the pouring operations.
The laboratory shall be authorized to perform any verification considered necessary at any time. The
contractor must facilitate this task by providing safe and adequate access, assistance and
cooperation and even interrupt his work in progress if need be, in order to allow the laboratory to
perform any necessary inspections and testing.
The inspection and testing performed by the laboratory cannot replace the quality control performed
by the contractor, who can in no way evade his contractual responsibilities in this regard.
Inspection documentation shall be in accordance with the specifications. Periodic progress reports
shall be provided, which shall summarize the degree and type of inspections performed for the
reporting period.
Rev: C
Date: 2018/04/11
19 Verification and Acceptance
19.1 Verification
The quality control plan shall ensure that contractor meets the performance criteria of the work as
established in this specification, and the plan shall provide for verification of compliance as described
here.
19.2 Acceptance
19.2.1 Repairs
Minor cosmetic repairs are acceptable, provided the structural adequacy and appearance of the
product is not impaired. No repairs of a structural nature shall be undertaken without prior written
approval from the engineer.
19.2.2 Deviations
Design deviations will be permitted only after receipt of the engineer’s written approval. Proposed
deviations shall be equivalent to the basic intent of the design and at the Contractor’s expense.
Requests for deviations shall be supported by design calculations and drawings.
19.3 Rejection
All construction not meeting the required standard of quality and workmanship shall be rejected
unless, in the opinion of the engineer, suitable repair work can be performed within the work
schedule.
Cost of replacement or repair shall be entirely borne by the contractor.
All remedial work must be carried out to the satisfaction of the engineer.
19.4 Final Acceptance
Final inspection and acceptance of the work, after removal of all formwork and falsework, shall be
made by the engineer to verify conformance with drawings and specifications.
DOCUMENT END
Rev: C
Date: 2018/04/11

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1.2 Work Included

 Design, fabrication, erecting and removal of formwork

 Temporary foundation/supports for scaffolding and formwork if required

 Braces and shores

 Detailing of reinforcing steel bars, wire fabric and miscellaneous items

 Fabrication of reinforcing steel bars, wire fabric and miscellaneous items

 Placement of reinforcing steel, anchor rods and embedded items

 Conveying, placing, consolidating, finishing and curing concrete

 Soil preparation, detailed excavation and local backfilling

 Quality Control, Inspection and Testing Plan

 Packaging and shipment

1.3 Related Work

ECFN-AUS-CI-0100-SPE-01002 Earthworks and Site Preparation Engineering Specification –

C ECFN-AUS-CI-0100-SPE-01003 Granular Material Engineering Specification – by GMining

ECFN-AUS-CI-0100-SPE-01006 Anchor Rods and Embedded Items Engineering Specification

1.4 Work Excluded

 Site preparation and bulk earthworks

 Furnishing and delivering of ready-mix concrete

 Supply, detailing and fabrication of anchor rods and embedded items

ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials

Client, Company Buyer, Purchasers, Owner, Engineer:

3.1 Design Criteria

ECFN-FDN-EN-0100-REP-00001 Site Conditions

3.2 Local Codes and Standards

NEC-SE-HM Estructuras de Hormigón Armado

3.3 American Codes and Standards

ACI 117 Tolerances for Concrete Construction and Materials

ACI 207.1R Guide to Mass Concrete

ACI 228 Non-destructive Testing of Concrete

ACI 301 Specifications for Structural Concrete

ACI 302.1R Guide for Concrete Floor and Slab Construction

ACI 304 Guide for Measuring, Mixing, and Placing Concrete

ACI 304.2R Placing Concrete by Pumping Methods

ACI 309R Guide for Consolidation of Concrete

ACI 311.4R Guide for Concrete Inspection

ACI 315 Details and Detailing of Concrete Reinforcement

ACI 347R Guide to Formwork for Concrete

ACI SP-4 Formwork for Concrete

ACI SP-66 ACI Detailing Manual

ASTM C143 Standard Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-Cement Concrete

ASTM C33 Standard Specification for Concrete Aggregates

ASTM C150 Standard Specification for Portland Cement

ASTM C494 Standard Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Concrete

ASTM C920 Standard Specifications for Elastomeric Joint Sealants

AWS D1.4 Structural Welding Code – Reinforcing Steel

CRD-C-572 US Army Corps of Engineers Specifications for Polyvinylchloride Waterstops

4 Quality and Submittals Standards

5.1 Grouts and Bonding Agents

Use one of the following bonding agents:

5.3 Joint Fillers

5.4 Joint Sealants

 A two-component neoprene or polyurethane or a modified urethane coal tar compound, both

Use one of the following joint sealants:

5.5 Curing Materials

5.6 Vapour Barrier

 Tensile resistance ASTM D882 (Method A) 35 MPa

 Impact resistance ASTM D1709 (Method B) 950g

5.7 Floor Hardeners

6.2 Detailed Set-Out

6.3 Approval of Set-Out

W.R. Meadows – “Sealtight Duogard”

National Concrete Accessories- “Rich-Cote”