FUNDA  Made when there is no patient confined in bed

BED MAKING while a patient is in the shower or sitting up in a

chair
BED MAKING  Assess if patient can get out of bed
 Technique of preparing different types of bed  No heart disease, easy fatiguability, or shortness
of breath
FANFOLD
 Folding the edge of the sheet used in the bed 6-8 TYPES OF UNOCCUPIED BED
inches outward 1) OPEN BED
 Top covers are folded so the patient can easily
MITERED CORNER get in the bed
 A means of anchoring sheet on mattresses
2) CLOSED BED
TOE PLEAT  Top sheet, blanket, & bedspread are drawn up
 A fold made in the top bed clothes to provide to the head of mattress & under the pillow
additional space for patient’s toes  Done when there’s a waiting case (or patient to
 Done to avoid foot drop be admitted)

FOOT DROP 3) POST-OPERATIVE

 Plantar flexion of the foot with permanent  Blanket & bedspread at on the side only
contracture of the calf muscle & tendon  Done for post-operative patient (OR to
 Painful & happens when blanket of patient is too recovery room) because patient is still groggy
tight  Patient can easily be lifted up

HOSPITAL BED KINDS OF LINENS

 Usually abut 26-28 inches (65-70 cm) above to floor
 Wrong side of the linen should not be in contact with
PURPOSE OF BED MAKING the patient
1) To promote client’s comfort
2) To provide a clean environment for the clients A) BLANKET
3) To provide a smooth, wrinkle-free bed foundation,  Used to warm the patient
thus minimizing sources of skin irritation
 To prevent DECUBITUS B) TOP SHEET
ULCER/PRESSURE ULCER/SKIN  Use to cover the patient & made up of thermal
ULCER/BED SORE – damage to the cotton material to provide warmth
skin/tissue
4) To conserve the client’s energy & maintain current C) COTTON DRAW SHEET
healthy status  Piece of cloth used to absorb moisture
5) To prevent/avoid microorganisms to come in
contact with the patient which could cause D) RUBBER SHEET
tribulations  Made of rubber
 Used to protect the bottom sheet from of
COMMON TYPES OF BED patient’s excretions
1) OCCUPIED BED  To prevent patient from getting bedsore
 Made when the patient is not able or not
permitted to get out of bed E) BOTTOM SHEET
 First linen to apply to the patient’s bed
2) UNOCCUPIED BED  Used to cover the bed after mattress cover
 SKILLS IN BED MAKING
A) STRIPPING THE BED
GUIDELINES IN BED MAKING RATIONAL 1) Place chair at the foot of the bed
1) Wash hands thoroughly before & after handling 2) Lock the bed
clients bed linen 3) Remove pillowcase from pillow. Place pillow
 To help control nosocomial infections – on chair
hospital-acquired infection 4) Loosen all bed linens starting at center of
head of bed, raising the mattress with one
2) Hold soiled linens away from the body hand, & draw out bed clothes with the other
 To avoid contact with the nurse’s clothes & 5) Remove sheet separately. Fold each linen
cross-infection with soiled part inside. Wrap them all in a
sheet & place on lower bar of the bed
3) Linen for one client is never placed on another 6) Roll rubber sheet & place on chair
client’s bed 7) Remove mattress cover
 To avoid transporting microorganisms from 8) Soiled linen is never shaken in air
one patient to another 9) When stripping & making a bed, conserve
time & energy by stripping & making up
4) Soiled linens are placed directly in a portable linen one side as completely as possible before
hamper or tucked in to a pillow case at the end of working on the other side
the bed 10) Gather all needed linen before starting to
 If hamper is not available, put it at the foot of strip the bed
the bed/tuck in a soiled pillowcase 11) Move any furniture away from the bed
 HAMPER – container of soiled linens
 To avoid contamination with other furniture UNOCCUPIED BED
 UNIVERSAL PRECAUTION – Label the A) CLOSED BED
patient’s bed to warn patient/nurse about the EQUIPMENT:
communicable disease/bed tag (some hospitals a) Mattress cover
put the patient’s condition on the top of b) Bottom sheet
patient’s chart) c) Rubber sheet
d) Cotton draw sheet
5) Soiled linen is never shaken in air (to avoid e) Top sheet
spreading microorganism) f) Pillowcases (2)
 Never toss linen to avoid spread of g) Blanket
microorganisms h) Bed spread

6) When stripping & making a bed, conserve time &

energy by stripping & making up one side as
completely as possible before working on the other
side

7) Gather all needed linen before starting to strip the

bed
 To save time & energy
 To prevent injury
 FALLING – common type of injury especially to
geriatric patients

8) Move any furniture away from the bed

 To provide ample working space
UNOCCUPIED BED
1) Performed hand hygiene, arranged supplies at
bedside
2) Assessed environment for safety
3) Provided privacy, transferred patient to bedside
chair
4) Lowered side rails, raised bed to comfortable
working height
5) Applied clean gloves if necessary, removed all
linen & placed in laundry bag, avoided touching
linen to uniform/shaking linen
6) Straightened mattress, wiped with washcloth
moistened in antiseptic solution, dried thoroughly
7) Applied all bottom linen on one side:
A) Ensured fitted sheet is smooth over mattress,
fit corners on both ends or
B)Placed flat sheet over mattress, mitered corners
ad tucked remaining part of sheet under
mattress
C) Applied drawsheet/waterproof pad properly if
needed
8) Moved to opposite side of bed, repeated step 7
9) Placed top sheet over bed & folded out properly
10) Stood on side at food of bed, lifted mattress to
tuck top sheet & blanket under
11) Made modified mitered corner with top sheet,
blanket, & spread
12) Made cuff properly
13) Lifted mattress to tuck top sheet, blanket, &
spread under mattress, ensured toe pleats are not
pulled out
14) Made modified mitered corner with top sheet,
blanket, & spread
15) Moved to other side of bed, spread linen out
evenly, made cuff with top sheet & blanket, made
modified corner at foot of bed
16) Applied clean pillowcase
17) Paced call light within patient’s reach, returned
bed to lowest position, helped patient into bed
18) Placed linen bag in dirty laundry bag, removed &
disposed of gloves
19) Arranged & organized patient’s room, performed
hand hygiene
OCCUPIED BED
1) Reviewed medical records & assessed restrictions
in mobility/positioning of patient
2) Organized supplies & provided privacy
3) Assessed environment for safety
4) Performed hand hygiene, applied gloves if
necessary
5) Explained procedure to patient
6) Raised bed to working height, lowered HOB as
tolerated, removed call light
7) Lowered side rails, loosened all top linen, removed
bedspread & blanket & disposed of appropriately
8) Covered patient with clean bath blanket, pulled
sheet out from under blanket appropriately &
discarded sheet appropriately
9) Positioned patient on far side, turned onto side &
facing away from self, obtained help from another
caregiver if necessary
10) Assessed to make sure there is no tension on
external medical devices
11) Loosened bottom linens, rolled cloth pads,
drawsheet, & bottom sheet toward patient, tucked
old linen under patient’s back, removed &
discarded any disposable pads
12) Cleaned, disinfected, & dried mattress surface if
necessary
13) Applied clean linens to expose half of bed, placed
new mattress pad & bottom sheet appropriately
14) If bottom sheet is flat, mitered top corner at HOB
appropriately
15) Tucked remaining sheet under mattress, rolled
drawsheet on top of bottom sheet, tucked under
patient without touching old linen
16) Added waterproof pad, kept clean & soiled linen
separate, kept linen under patient flat
17) Asked patient to roll toward self over layers of
linen & not to raise the hips, stressed need to stay
aligned, kept patient covered
18) Raised side rails, moved to opposite side of bed,
had patient roll away from self over all linens
19) Loosened edges of soiled linen from under
mattress, removed soiled linen properly
20) Held linen away from body & placed it in laundry
bag
21) Cleaned, disinfected, & dried other half of mattress
as needed
22) Pulled clean mattress pad, sheet, drawsheet, & pad
out from beneath patient, smoothed all linen,
helped patient to comfortable position
23) Made corners of bottom sheet appropriately
24) Grasped remaining edge of flat sheet, leaned back
& pulled while tucking excess linen under
mattress, avoided lifting mattress.
25) Smoothed drawsheet & waterproof pads, ensured
bed surface is wrinkle free
26) Placed top sheet properly over a patient
27) Placed bed blanket properly over patient, raised
side rail
28) Went to other side of bed, lowered side rail,
spread sheet & blanket evenly
29) Had patient hold sheet & blanket while bath
blanket is removed, discarded linen
30) Went to other side of bed, lowered side rail,
spread sheet & blanket evenly
31) Made cuff properly
32) Made horizontal toe pleat at bottom of bed
33) Tucked remaining sheet & blanket appropriately
under mattress
34) Made modified mitered corner with top sheet &
blanket
35) Repeated steps 33 & 34 on other side
36) Changed pillowcase, supported patient’s head, did
not hold pillow against uniform, ensured pillow
corners fit before repositioning under patient’s
head
37) Placed call light within patient’s reach, returned
bed to low & locked position, raised side rail
38) Placed all linen in dirty bag, removed & disposed
of gloves
39) Organized patient’s room, performed hand
hygiene
40) Inspected patient during procedure for areas of
skin irritation, observed patient for signs of fatigue,
dyspnea, & pain