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 R C H IT
A

EC
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TURE
S P A N

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SPANISH ARCHITECTURE?

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 Baroque Architecture

Gothic Architecture
ED
NE Pre-historic Spanish Architecture
OU T E
Y OU UR Roman Style Architecture
G
N A ECB T
H I W T Pre-Romanesque Architecture
T NO H I
R Y C
E K R Romanesque Architecture
EV TO A
S H
N I
A Mudejar Style Architecture
SP
Renaissance Style Architecture

Cistercian Architecture

Neoclassical Architecture
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Dolmen de Merillés, located in Merillés,
Asturias
PRE-HISTORIC SPANISH
ARCHITECTURE
Period: 3000 to 4000 BC
The first record of Spanish architecture are
burial chambers that date back to 4000 BC. These
structures were built by the first people who settled
in the Iberian Peninsula and are known as dolmens.
They resemble tables and are made out of stone. These
first examples of Spanish architecture were made by
Celts and Visigoths who migrated to Spain from the
North. These sites were known to be places of
pilgrimage and prayer. 6
 PRE-HISTORIC
SPANISH
ARCHITECTURE

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The Celts focused on building walled villages on
the mountaintops, known as castros. Many of
these Celt settlements can be found throughout
the provinces of Galicia and Asturias. They’re
considered a great source of information for
archaeologists and researchers.

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Real Hospicio de San Fernando, located in Madrid.
BAROQUE
ARCHITECTURE
Period: 16th to 18th century
Like Renaissance style architecture, the Baroque
style came from Italian influences. It borrowed
elements from the French Rococo style and carried
particular elements that differentiated it from
other styles. The Baroque Spanish architecture
focuses on embellished facades, aflorid detailing, and
elaborate sculptural ornaments with lavish use of
stone, brick, and metal.
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 BAROQUE
ARCHITECTURE

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Basílica de Santa María del Mar, located in
Barcelona, Catalonia.
GOTHIC
ARCHITECTURE
Period: 12th to 14th century
The Gothic style followed Mudejar
architecture and fused European and Romanesque
techniques. Its common elements are pointed arches,
stained glass windows, gargoyles, thin walls, vaulted
ceilings, and clusters of thin columns.
Gothic Spanish architecture is found throughout
much of Spain. The style thrived during the 13th
century, when it came to be known as High Gothic. It
represented progress and innovation for Spain. 6
Gothic architecture was adopted by the Catholic
Church during the Middle Ages, and several
churches from this period give a sense of
weightlessness. Nevertheless, Gothic churches are
monumental buildings and with extraordinary
engineering.

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 GOTHIC
ARCHITECTURE

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Anfiteatro de Tarragona, located in
Tarragona, Catalonia
ROMAN STYLE
ARCHITECTURE
Period: 218 BC to 410 AD
The Roman conquest of Spain led to the Iberian
Peninsula’s Romanization. This period of Spanish
architecture transformed settlements and allowed
the population to adopt the culture and way of life of
the Roman empire.
Large cities like Tarragona and Cordoba allowed
urbanization to develop and road systems linked
useful buildings and centers of commerce.
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 Roman Spanish architecture is similar to
buildings found in Italy and Greece, both places
where the Roman empire thrived and blossomed.
Bridges, aqueducts, amphitheaters, coliseums,
and monuments are examples of the engineering
expertise of architects from this period. To this
day, Roman buildings like the Tower of Hercules
of La Coruña are still used.

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 ROMAN STYLE
ARCHITECTURE

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Ermita de Santa Cristina de Lena,
located outside of Asturias
PRE-ROMANESQUE
ARCHITECTURE
Period: 7th to 10th Century
Pre-Romanesque Spanish architecture refers
to Christian-influenced buildings. This period is
characterized by innovating in design and structural
elements, such as arches and lattices, massive thick
stone masonry, symmetrical constructions, large
towers, Celtic inspired medallions, Visigothic
columns, and imagery like knights and animals
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 The majority of Pre-Romanesque Spanish
architecture examples are found in the province
of Asturias, especially in the city of Oviedo. The
Ermita de Santa Cristina de Lena is a great
example of Pre-Romanesque style architecture
preserved in ideal conditions. The sanctuary was
declared a UNESCO World Heritage site in
1985.

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 PRE-ROMANESQUE
ARCHITECTURE

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Iglesia de San Martín de Tours,
located in Frómista, Palencia.
ROMANESQUE
ARCHITECTURE
Period: 10th to 12th Century
Romanesque Spanish architecture developed in
Spain next. This period was characterized by basic
architecture with symmetrical constructions,
thick bulky walls, round arches, functional
columns, large round towers, and sturdy piers in
the interior.
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 Romanesque monasteries served religious
purposes, and the majority of these
structures were designed by monks. The
decorative elements of Roman architecture
ceased to be important, and architects
turned their attention to making buildings
functional.

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 ROMANESQUE
ARCHITECTURE

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La Alhambra in Granada, Andalusia.
MUDEJAR STYLE
ARCHITECTURE
Period: 12th to 16th Century
Mudejar style originated from the collision
between Islam and Christianity, by Moors who
stayed in Spain and didn’t convert to Christianism.
The style has influences from Syria and Persia.
Elements that stand out are horseshoe arches with
columns; intricate geometry; octagonal towers;
glazed tile mosaics; and stucco, wood, and brick
work.
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 MUDEJAR STYLE
ARCHITECTURE

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Synagogues and mosques are examples of this
architectural style. Even after the Moors
left Spain, their contributions to
architecture still prevail in modern
constructions. The province of Andalusia is
home to Mudejar and Mozarabic
architecture, including UNESCO World
Heritage sites, La Alhambra and the Mosque-
Cathedral of Cordoba.

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Monasterio de El Escorial, located in local idiosyncrasy.
Guadarrama, Madrid.
RENAISSANCE STYLE
ARCHITECTURE
Period: 14th to 16th century
At the beginning of the Renaissance period, Gothic
buildings were adapted to meet the standards of
the new Renaissance style. The style began to
spread among local architects and carried Italian
influence, often mixed with Gothic tradition and
This mixture gave birth to a new style called
Plateresco (Plateresque), which had ornate facades
and intricately detailed silver work.
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 RENAISSANCE STYLE
ARCHITECTURE

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 Common elements of Renaissance Spanish
architecture are highly decorated facades,
classical Roman design, symmetrical decoration,
and Christian motifs like statues. Late in this era,
the Gothic style finally started to fade and the
finest examples of Renaissance architecture like el
Palacio de Carlos V in La Alhambra, began to
flourish.

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 CISTERCIAN
ARCHITECTURE
Period: 12th century

Cistersian Spanish architecture is the style that

originated between the transition from
Romanesque to Gothic. It’s often found in rural
monasteries. It uses simple design and little
embellishment, combining elements of Romanesque
and Gothic Spanish architecture.This
Real Monasterio de Santa María de la architectural style was brought to Spain by
Valldigna, located in Simat de la rebellious monks of the Benedictine order of
Valldigna, Valencia. Cluny, who didn’t care for a lavish lifestyle of
luxury. They believed it distracted believers from
the church’s goal.
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 CISTERCIAN
ARCHITECTURE

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 NEOCLASSICAL
ARCHITECTURE
Period: 18th to 20th century
Neoclassical style architecture is technical and
intellectual. It was initially promoted by the
Royal Academy of Fine Arts of San Fernando in
Madrid. Like other Spanish architecture styles,
Neoclassical style arrived from Italy as the
Museo Nacional del Prado, located in modern go-to design style. It focuses on
Madrid. emphasizing symmetry and simplicity. The design
elements are functional, efficient, and influenced
by Roman architecture.
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 NEOCLASSICAL
ARCHITECTURE

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GRACIAS POR
ESCUCHAR!