EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE

WARDIERE INC.

WHAT IS EMOTIONAL
INTELLIGENCE?
Emotional intelligence is defined as the ability to
understand and manage your emotions, as well as
recognize and influence the emotions of those around you.
(Peter Salovey and John Mayer, 1990)
WHY?
Human intelligence is extensively studied in individual
differences, with cognitive ability tests well-documented
for their theoretical foundation and practical utility
(Schmidt & Hunter, 1998).

However, some argue that IQ is limited.

This perspective suggests that while cognitive intelligence

predicts academic and professional success, it may
not accurately predict everyday life functioning.
According to this view, successful functioning relies not
just on cognitive intelligence but also on the emerging
concept of emotional intelligence (EI) (Brody, 1992).
NEW CONCEPT.
INTELLIGENCE &
EMOTION.
The relationship between intelligence and emotion
has been a long-debated and controversial topic in
both society and science (Mayer, 2002; Mayer et al.,
2000a).

In 1990, Peter Salovey and John Mayer introduced the

concept of Emotional Intelligence (EI) as a framework
to integrate research on individual differences in
processing emotional information, providing a new
perspective on the synthesis of intelligence and
emotion.
ORIGINAL MODEL OF
EMOTIONAL
INTELLIGENCE, 1990
Emotional Intelligence (EI) model consists of
three interconnected mental processes
related to emotional information:

the appraisal and expression of

emotion
regulation or control of emotion
the utilization of emotion in adaptive
ways.

( Salovey and Mayer's model, 1990 )


THE FOUR-
BRANCH MODEL,
1997
In I997, Mayer and Salovey presented a
revised and refined conceptualization of EI.
New model divided into four classes, or in
their terminology "branches".
(Mayer & Salovey, 1997)
Branch I This includes the ability to identify emotions in
Perception, Appraisal, and
oneself and differentiate between emotions, such as
distinguishing honest versus dishonest
Expression of Emotion expressions of feelings. (Mayer, Salovey, Caruso, &
Sitarenios, 2001).
Branch II Explores how emotions enhance reasoning. It covers
emotions that directing attention to important
information and facilitating various forms of
Emotional Facilitation of
reasoning, like deductive versus inductive reasoning.
Thinking
Branch III Focuses on cognitively processing emotions like,
abilities labeling emotions, recognizing relationships
among emotions, and identifying transitions among
Understanding and
Analyzing Emotions
emotions.
Branch IV This ability comprises the most advanced skills,
ranging from the ability to stay open to feelings-both
pleasant and unpleasant ones-to the ability to manage
Reflective Regulation of
emotions in oneself and others by enhancing pleasant
Emotions
emotions and moderating negative ones.
(Mayer, salovey, Caruso, & Sitarenios, 2001).
HOW TO MEASURE ?
In contrast to cognitive intelligence, where
correctness is typically easy to determine using
logic, figuring out what's right or wrong in the area of
emotions is challenging.
(Zeidner, Matthews, & Roberts, 2001)
In 1999 Multifactorial Emotional Intelligence
Scale (MEIS) has been developed, which consists of
12 performance assessment tasks designed to
measure the four branches.
(Mayer et al' 1999)
APPROACHES
Group consensus: Each response is scored
according to the proportion of participants who
gave the same answer.
Expert scoring: The correct answer is determined
by asking experts in the field what the best/correct
answer is.
Target Criterion: Correct responses are
determined by comparing them with the emotional
experiences of a target person. This involves
checking if the response aligns with the emotions
of someone actually experiencing them.
( Salovey and Mayer's model, 1999 )
NEW CONCEPT OF EI
‘
(John D. Mayer, Caruso, Sitarenios, Escobar, 2024)

FIG. 1. A REVISED CONCEPTION OF THE ABILITIES

OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE.
‘
 ERA OF DIGITAL
EMOTIONAL
INTELLIGENCE
Catherine & Bertrand Audrin, 2023

Current understanding of EI does not account for the

digital context in which we all interact, work, and live
today. Researchers have called for research on
“digital emotion regulation”

EI + DC and investigate (1) how digital technology may be used

to regulate emotions, and (2) how digital technologies
may impact people’s emotions.
(Wadley et al., 2020; Smith et al., 2022).
Article:
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1154355
EMOTIONAL
INTELLIGENCE TEST
REFERENCES
A.C. Neubauer., H.H. Freudenthaler., 2005. Article :Models of
Emotional Intelligence, 32- 39.

Mayer, J. D., Salovey, P, 1990. Article “Emotional Intelligence” in the

journal Imagination, Cognition, and Personality.

Mayer, J. D., Salovey, P., Caruso, 2016 Article: The Ability Model of
Emotional Intelligence: Principles and Updates.

C. Audrin, B. Audrin, 2023. Article: More than just emotional

intelligence online: introducing “digital emotional intelligence”.