Blackbody radiation Homework #3

𝑐𝑐 8𝜋𝜋 ℎ𝑐𝑐 1
1.根據Plank結果: 𝐼𝐼 𝜆𝜆, 𝑇𝑇 =
4 𝜆𝜆4 𝜆𝜆 𝑒𝑒 ℎ𝑐𝑐⁄𝜆𝜆𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘 −1

(1)證明低頻率(長波長)極限符合Rayleigh-Jean’s結果

(2)由Plank結果導證Wein’s displacement law

2. (a) Assuming the human body (skin temperature 34℃) to behave like an ideal
thermal radiator, find the wavelength where the intensity from the body is a
maximum. In what region of the electromagnetic spectrum is radiation with
this wavelength?
(b) Making whatever (reasonable) assumptions you may need, estimate the
power radiated by a typical person isolated from the surroundings.
(c) Estimate the radiation power absorbed by a person in a room in which the
temperature is 20 ℃.
(Note: Assume a person can be represented as a cylinder, about 6 feet tall and 1
foot in diameter.)
The Compton Effect
3. A photon having wavelength 𝜆𝜆 scatters off a free electron at A (Fig. 1),
producing a second photon having wavelength 𝜆𝜆′. This photon then scatters
off another free electron at B, producing a third photon having wavelength 𝜆𝜆“,
and moving in a direction directly opposite the original photon as shown in
the figure. Determine the value of ∆𝜆𝜆 = 𝜆𝜆" − 𝜆𝜆.

Fig.1
 Atom scattering
4. Suppose an atom of iron at rest emits an X-ray photon of energy 6.4 keV.
Calculate the “recoil” momentum and kinetic energy of the atom. (Hint:
Do you expect to need classical or relativistic kinetic energy for the atom?
Is the kinetic energy likely to be much smaller than the atom’s rest
energy?)
Pair Production
5. A photon of energy 𝐸𝐸 interacts with an electron at rest and undergoes pair
production, producing a positive electron (positron) and an electron (in
addition to the original electron):
photon + e− → e+ + e− + e−
The two electrons and the positron move off with identical momenta in the
direction of the initial photon. Find the kinetic energy of the three final
particles and find the energy 𝐸𝐸 of the photon. (Hint: Conserve momentum and
total relativistic energy.)
6. 於均勻磁場強度0.2 tesla下，產生對生過程，其中產生的電子及正子之迴
轉半徑分別是35mm及140mm，那麼其能量分別是多少?