lntroduction to Advanced Surveillance

Definition of Surveillance

 Surveillance is defined as continuous watching or listening.

 Continuous surveillance requires uninterrupted observation of the target without breaks.

Watching or Listening

 Surveillance involves watching or listening to gather information.

 Majority of surveillance relies on visual observation, but audio surveillance can also be
used effectively.

Types of Surveillance Targets

 People: Individuals are the primary focus of surveillance.

 Vehicles: Surveillance often involves monitoring vehicle movements.
 Places: Surveillance of locations can provide valuable information about activities.

Covert Surveillance

 Focuses on observing locations or objects without necessarily tracking individuals.

 Example: Surveillance of commercial premises to monitor deliveries.

Objects

 Surveillance may target specific objects or items of interest.

 Example: Observing illegally stored aluminium containers to identify individuals involved
in their movement.

Objectives of Surveillance

Surveillance serves various purposes, including:

1. Obtaining Evidence of Crime or Unauthorized Activity:

 Surveillance aims to gather evidence of criminal activities like theft, fraud, or
other illicit acts.
 The integrity of evidence must be maintained for legal proceedings.
2. Obtaining Detailed Information about Targets' Activities:
  Surveillance helps in understanding the activities of targets to build a
comprehensive picture.
 It aids in identifying associates, habits, and routines of the target.
3. Developing Leads from Other Sources:
 Surveillance provides leads and additional information that can be followed up to
gather further intelligence.
4. Knowing the Whereabouts of an Individual:
 Surveillance operations may involve monitoring the target's location, especially
before executing search or arrest warrants.
 Prevents situations where warrants are executed but the target is not present.
5. Confirming the Reliability of Informant Information:
 Surveillance is used to verify information received from informants to establish its
accuracy or potential malicious intent.
6. Obtaining Information for Later Use in an Interview:
 Surveillance evidence, such as reports and media, boosts confidence during
interviews with suspects.
 Provides leverage if the suspect denies involvement or pleads not guilty.
7. Locating Persons by Watching their Haunts and Associates:
 Surveillance helps in identifying the target's frequent locations and associates.
 Enables tracking individuals even if they provide false addresses.
8. Obtaining Information for Search Warrants:
 Surveillance provides evidence necessary to obtain search warrants.
 Logs, covert videos, or photographs can support the need for a warrant.
9. Obtaining Evidence for Use in Court:
 Surveillance evidence is often used in legal proceedings.
 It must be accurate, truthful, and admissible in court.
10. Identifying People:
 Surveillance may aim to identify individuals for further investigation.
 Helps in eliminating or discounting individuals from suspicion.

These objectives highlight the multifaceted role of surveillance in law enforcement,

intelligence gathering, and legal proceedings.