EXCEL ENGINEERING COLLEGE

(Autonomous)
DEPARTEMNT OF SCIENCE & HUMANITIES
Second Semester
20MC201 Environmental Science
Regulations 2021
Question Bank

UNIT – IV NON CONVENTIONAL ENERGY RESOURCES

PART- A
Q.No Questions Marks CO BL

What are called renewable resources?

1 • These are natural resources 2 CO4 R
• They can be regenerated continuously.
Write any two merits of renewable energy resources?
• Unlimited supply
2 2 CO4 R
• Provides energy security
• Reliable and the devices are modular in size.
Define Energy.
• Energy is defined as the capacity to do work.
3 2 CO4 R
• It may exist in potential, kinetic, thermal, electrical, chemical, nuclear, or
other forms.
Write any two demerits of renewable recourses.
• Low-efficiency Levels.
4 • Takes a Lot of Space to Install. 2 CO4 R
• Expensive Storage Costs.
Define solar energy.
5 2 CO4 R
• The energy that we get directly from the sun is called solar energy.
Mention the ways of harvesting solar energy.
• Solar cell
6 • Solar battery 2 CO4 R
• Solar heat collectors
• Solar water heater
Define wind energy.
7 • Moving air is called wind. Energy recovered from the force of the wind 2 CO4 R
is called wind energy.
Write any two significance of wind energy.
• The generation period of wind energy is low and power generation starts
8 2 CO4 R
from commissioning.
• It is made available easily in many off-shores, on shore and remote areas.
What is geo thermal energy?
• Geothermal energy is heat within the earth.
9 2 CO4 R
• Geothermal energy is a renewable energy source because heat is
continuously produced inside the earth.
 What is meant by natural geysers.
10 • In some places, the hot water comes out of the ground through cracks 2 CO4 R
naturally in the form of natural geysers.
List out two significances of geo thermal energy.
• The power generation level is higher for geo-thermal than for solar and
11 wind energies. 2 CO4 R
• Geo-thermal power plants can be brought on line more quickly than most
other energy sources.
State the artificial geysers.
12 • In some places, the hot water comes out from the artificial geysers is 2 CO4 R
allowed to rotate the turbine of a generator to produce electricity.
List out the demerits of geothermal energy.
• Location Restricted.
• Environmental Side Effects.
13 2 CO4 R
• Earthquakes.
• High Costs.
• Sustainability.
Write any two significances of solar energy.
• Solar cells are noise and pollution free.
14 2 CO4 R
• Solar water heater, cooker, requires neither fuel nor attention while
cooking food.
List out the uses of solar cell.
15 • Calculator, electronic watches 2 CO4 R
• Street lights, water pumps to run radios and TVs
Define solar heat collectors.
16 • Solar heat collectors consists of natural materials like stones, bricks like 2 CO4 R
glass, which can absorb heat during the day time and release it slowly at
night.
State the renewable energy resources?
• Renewable energy resources are natural resources which can be
17 2 CO4 R
regenerated continuously and are inexhaustible. They can be used again
and again in an endless manner.
List out any two merits of solar energy.
18 • Reduces Electricity Bills. 2 CO4 R
• Low Maintenance Costs
Define wind farms.
• A large number of wind mills are installed and joined together in a
19 2 CO4 R
definite pattern it forms a wind farm. The wind farms produce a large
amount of electricity.
Write any two advantage of wind energy.
20 • .It does not cause any air pollution. 2 CO4 R
• It is very cheap.
 PART- B
Q.No Questions Marks CO BL
1 Write the application of Solar energy, Wind energy and geothermal energy.

Solar energy applications:

• Solar Powered Ventilation Fans.

• Solar Heating for Your Swimming Pool.
• Solar Water Heater.
• Solar House Heating.
• Solar Powered Pumps.
• Charging Batteries With Solar Power.
• Power Your Home With Photo-Electric.
Wind energy applications:
• Wind power is cost-effective.
• Wind creates jobs.
• Wind enables U.S. industry growth and U.S. competitiveness.
• It's a clean fuel source.
16 CO4 U
• Wind is a domestic source of energy.
• It's sustainable.
• Wind turbines can be built on existing farms or ranches.
Geo thermal energy applications:
• Generating electricity and It is reliable.
• Home heating and cooling using ground-source heat-pumps.
• Heating greenhouses directly.
• Pasteurizing milk.
• Heating water for fish farms.
• Geothermal energy is more environmentally friendly than non-
renewables.
• There is a massive reserve of energy.
• Low emission generation and Versatility.
• It can be used on different scales.
• It's good for the economy.
2 Explain about the energy resources.
• Energy is defined as the capacity to do work.
• It may exist in potential, kinetic, thermal, electrical, chemical, nuclear, or
other forms.

• Energy resources are all forms of fuels used in the modern world, either
for heating, generation of electrical energy, or for other forms of energy 16 CO4 U
conversion processes.

• Energy sources can be classified into two types: (i)non renewable

resources (ii)renewable resources.

• Nonrenewable resources, such as fossil fuels and nuclear material, are

 removed from the earth and can be depleted.

The most popular renewable energy sources currently are:

• Solar energy.
• Wind energy.
• Hydro energy.
• Tidal energy.
• Geothermal energy.
• Biomass energy.
Advantages of Renewable energy
• Clean, Safe & Efficient.
• Numerous methods for creating renewable power.
• Gives your country energy independence.
• Provides jobs for your local community.
• Doesn't rely on the main power grid.
• Stable costs.
• Can enjoy the summer and winter whilst indoors.
• Save & make money.
Disadvantages of Renewable energy
• Renewable Energy Is Not Available Round the Clock.
• The Efficiency of Renewable Technologies Is Low.
• The Initial Cost of Renewable Energy Is High
• Renewable Energy Sites Require A Lot of Space.
• Renewable Energy Devices Need Recycling.

3 Explain the various methods of harvesting solar energy.

• The energy that we get directly from the sun is called solar energy.
List of harvesting solar energy:
• Solar cell
• Solar battery
• Solar heat collector
• Solar water heater 16 CO4 U
Solar cell:
• Solar cells consists of a p-type semiconductor and n-type semi conductor.
• They are in close contact with each other.
• When the solar rays fall on the top layer of p-type semiconductor.
• The electron from the valence band get promoted to the conduction band
and cross the p-n junction into n-type semiconductor.
USES:
• Used in Calculator, electronic watches
• Street lights, water pumps to run radios and TVs

Solar battery:
• When a large number of solar cells are connected in series it form a solar
battery.
• Solar battery produce more electricity which is enough to run water pump,
to run streetlight.
• They are used in remote areas where conventional electricity supply is a
problem.
Solar heat collectors:
• Solar heat collectors consists of natural materials like stone, bricks like
glass which can absorb heat during the day time and release it slowly at
night.
Uses:
• It generally used in cold places, where houses are kept in hot condition
using solar heat collectors.
Solar water heater:
• It consists of an insulated box inside of which is painted with black paint.
• It is also provided with a glass lid to receive and store solar heat.
• Inside the box it has black painted copper coil, through which cold water
is allowed to flow in which gets heated up and flows out into a storage
tank.
• From the storage tank water is then supplied through pipes.

significances of solar energy

• solar cells are noise and pollution free.
 • Solar water heater, cooker, requires neither fuel nor attention while
cooking food.

4 How wind energy converted to electric energy along with their merits
and significance.
Moving air is called wind. Energy recovered from the force of the wind is called
wind energy.
• The energy possessed by wind is because of its high speed.
• The wind energy is harnessed by making use of wind mills.

16 CO4 U

Wind mills:
• The strike of blowing wind on the blades of the wind mill make it rotating
continuously.
• The rotational motion of the blade drives a number of machines like water
pump flour mills and electric generators.

Wind farms:
• A large number of wind mills are installed and joined together in a
definite pattern it forms a wind farm. The wind farms, produce a large
amount of electricity.
Condition:
• The minimum speed required for satisfactory working of a wind generator
is 15Km/hr.
Merits:
• It does not cause any air pollution.
• It is very cheap.
• significance of wind energy:
• The generation period of wind energy is low and power generation starts
from commissioning.
• It is made available easily in many off-shores, on shore and remote areas.
• It is made available easily in many off-shore on-shore and remote areas.
5
Write explanatory notes on any two non conventional energy sources.
Solar energy:
• It consists of an insulated box inside of which is painted with black paint.
• It is also provided with a glass lid to receive and store solar heat.
• Inside the box it has black painted copper coil, through which cold water
is allowed to flow in which gets heated up and flows out into a storage
tank.
• From the storage tank water is then supplied through pipes.
significances of solar energy:
• solar cells are noise and pollution free.
• Solar water heater, cooker, requires neither fuel nor attention while
cooking food.
Wind energy:
• Moving air is called wind. Energy recovered from the force of the wind is
called wind energy.
• The energy possessed by wind is because of its high speed. 16 CO4 U
• The wind energy is harnessed by making use of wind mills.
• Wind mills:
• The strike of blowing wind on the blades of the wind mill makes it
rotating continuously.
• The rotational motion of the blade drives a number of machines like water
pump flour mills and electric generators.
• Wind farms:
• A large number of wind mills are installed and joined together in a
definite pattern it forms a wind farm. The wind farms, produce a large
amount of electricity.
significance of wind energy:
• The generation period of wind energy is low and power generation starts
from commissioning.
• It is made available easily in many off-shores, on shore and remote areas.
• It is made available easily in many off-shore on-shore and remote areas.

Describe the geo thermal energy with their significance.

6
16 CO4 U
 • Geothermal energy is heat within the earth.

• Geothermal energy is a renewable energy source because heat is

continuously produced inside the earth.

• Temperature of the earth increases at a rate of 20-75 C/Km.

• When we move down the earth surface.

• High temperature and high pressure steam fields exist below the earth’s
surface in many places.

• The energy harnessed from the high temperature present inside the earth is
called geothermal energy.

Natural Geysers:

• In some places, the hot water comes out of the ground through cracks
naturally in the form of natural geysers.

Artificial Geysers:

• In some places, we can artificially drill a hole up to the hot region and by
sending a pipe in it.

• We can make the hot water to rush out through the pipe with very high
pressure.

• In some places, the hot water comes out from the artificial geysers is
allowed to rotate the turbine of a generator to produce electricity.

Significance of geo-thermal energy:

• The power generation level is higher for geo-thermal than for solar and
wind energies.
• Geo-thermal power plants can be brought on line more quickly than most
other energy sources.

• GTE is effectively and efficiently used for direct uses such as hot water
bath,resorts,aquaculture,green houses.

(Note:*Blooms Level (R – Remember, U – Understand, AP – Apply, AZ – Analyze, E – Evaluate, C – Create)

PART A- Blooms Level : Remember, Understand, Apply
PART B- Blooms Level: Understand, Apply, Analyze, Evaluate(if possible)
Marks: 16 Marks, 8+8 Marks, 10+6 Marks)

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