https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.32.2.

193

Coaches’ Controlling Interpersonal Style

Disagree
Strongly

Strongly
Neutral

Agree
Please indicate how much you agree or disagree with each
statement:

My coach is less friendly with me if I don’t make the effort to see

1 2 3 4 5 6 7
things his/her way.
My coach shouts at me in front of others to make me do certain
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
things.
My coach only uses rewards/praise so that I stay focused on tasks
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
during training.
My coach is less supportive of me when I am not training and
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
competing well.
My coach tries to control what I do during my free time. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

My coach threatens to punish me to keep me in line during training. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

My coach tries to motivate me by promising to reward me if I do
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
well.
My coach pays me less attention if I have displeased him/her. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
My coach intimidates me into doing the things that he/she wants me
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
to do.
My coach tries to interfere in aspects of my life outside of my sport. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
My coach only uses rewards/praise so that I complete all the tasks
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
he/she sets during training.
My coach is less accepting of me if I have disappointed him/her. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
My coach embarrasses me in front of others if I do not do the things
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
he/she wants me to do.
My coach only uses rewards/praise to make me train harder. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

My coach expects my whole life to centre on my sport participation. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Rewards items: 3, 7, 11, 14

Negative conditional regard items: 1, 4, 8, 12
Intimidation items: 2, 6, 9, 13
Excessive personal control items: 5, 10, 15