Chapter 1

Introduction of the Study

This study is made up of five parts; (1) Background and

Theoretical Framework of the Study, (2) Statements of the

Problem and the Hypotheses, (3) Significance of the Study,

(4) Definition of Terms, and (5) Scope and Delimitation of

the Study.

Part One, Background and Theoretical Framework of the

Study provides the rationale and conditions that motivate

the present researcher to conduct the present investigation

and discusses the concerning the set of facts in which the

present investigation is appended, and the basis of choosing

the variables that are included in the study.

Part Two, Statements of the Problem and the Hypotheses,

states the general and specific objectives in which the

study will be answered and as well as the hypotheses to be

tested.

Part Three, Significance of the Study, states the

benefit that the study could give and the persons who can be

the main beneficiary of the result of the study.

Part Four, Definition of Terms, defines main variables as

well as the important terms that are used in the study.

1
 Part Five, Scope and Delimitation of the Study,

determines the scope of the research in the terms of the

variables.

Background and Theoretical Framework of the Study

Pre-marital sex is the involvement in sexual

intercourse by persons who have not engaged in marital vow

or culturally recognized as having been enrolled in marriage

institution. Although marriage rites take different forms

depending on cultural permissiveness, nevertheless the major

thrust is the acceptance by the society. In most cases,

premarital sex is not always a problem to individuals who

are sexually matured since they may view it as a natural

response to a natural stimulus. However, premarital sex is

morally unacceptable in almost every human society that

regards marriage as the legitimate requirement for sexual

permissiveness, and especially among youths who are

considered vulnerable to health – related problems.

In Christianity, the Holy Bible states that: “… the

marriage bed should be kept pure, for God will judge… all

the sexually immoral” (Heb.13:4). In this context, keeping

the marriage bed holy suggests abstinence from sex before

marriage while sexually immoral refers to any unacceptable

sexual acts particularly premarital sex. Thus, it is also

clear that Christian faithful are prohibited from engaging

in sex before marriage (premarital sex).

2
 Many factors account for premarital sex, youthful age

itself is a stage of human life that is characterized by

accelerated development in different parts of the body. In

particular, the unprecedented growth and development of sex

organs and the attendant heightened emotion as correlate are

enough significant factors that may predispose youth to

premarital sex. Different studies identified different

factors that may dispose young persons to premarital sex. In

Thailand and Philippines, family structure was associated

with premarital sex; youths living with single parent have

higher rate of premarital sexual activities than those

living with both parents (Stewart, Sebastiani & Lopez,

2001). In Turkey, Machet (2006) identified mother’s

education, age, ethnicity and employment status as the most

important predictors of attitudes of young women toward

premarital sex. One may deduce from the two studies

mentioned that home background is a common factor that

dispose youths to premarital sex.

Independent Variable Dependent Variable

Pre-Marital sex Learners’

Involvement

Figure 1. Senior High School Learners’ Level of

Involvement on Pre-Marital Sex

3
 Statements of the Problem

This study primarily aims to determine the Senior High

School learners’ level of involvement on Pre-Marital sex of

Mianay National High School for the school year 2019-2020.

Specifically, this study seeks to answer the following

questions:

1. What is the level of involvement of Senior high school

learners on Pre-Marital sex?

2. What is the level of Senior high school learners’

involvement on Pre-Marital sex?

3. Are there significant relationship between the SHS

learners’ level of involvement on Pre-Marital Sex?

Hypothesis

Based on the stated problems of the study, the

following hypotheses were tested:

1. There is no significant relationship between the Senior

high school learners’ level of involvement on Pre-

Marital Sex.

4
 Significance of the Study

The results of the study will be beneficial to the

students, teachers, parents, principals, and future

researchers.

Students- Students will be aware about and help lessen

the involvement of the youth engaging on Pre-Marital sex.

Through this the students will be knowledgeable about the

consequences and implications it would have in their lives

if they are involved.

Teachers- The teacher will be able to assess their

students to develop their understanding and learning on Pre-

Marital sex. This will help them decide if there is a need

of conducting trainings and discussions in order to help and

develop their learners’ awareness on Pre-Marital sex.

Parents- The parents will be able to determine the

behaviors of their children and monitor the possibility of

their children to be involved on Pre-Marital sex. Their

guidance and support are needed to help their children to be

aware.

Principals- The principal will be able to plan out some

innovation in guiding the teachers in order to give

awareness in every student. Their guide and support are much

needed to also help the children to be aware.

5
 Future researchers- It will serve as their baseline

data. This serves as guide or basis in making a research

paper where they can get information that they may use

especially to those students who are interested in this kind

of research.

Definition of Terms

In order to have common bases of understanding and make

this study precise, some important terminologies were

defined conceptually and operationally.

Involvement - to have or include (someone or something)

as a part of something

In this study "Involvement" is referred to the mean

score obtained by senior high school in a learners'

involvement checklist indicator, classified (2.35-3.00)

High, (1.67-2.34) Average, (1.00-1.67) Low.

Premarital sex - refers to the act of engaging in any

sexual activity with another person, of the same or opposite

sex, before starting a married life.

In this study "Pre-Marital sex " is referred to the

mean score obtained by senior high school in a 20-item Pre-

Marital test indicator questionnaire, classified (1.00-1.74)

Not Positive, (1.75-2.49) Slightly Positive, (2.50-3.24)

Positive, (3.25-4.00) Very Positive.

6
 Scope and Delimitation of the study

This study aims to determine the Senior High School

learners’ level of involvement on Pre-Marital sex of Mianay

National High School for the school year 2019-2020.

Survey correlation research design was utilizing on the

study. While a stratified random sampling was used to draw

who will constitute the representative sample. The sample

comprised of 169 from the total population of 294 of senior

high school students selected using stratified random

sampling by lottery method taken through Sloven formula.

The data in this study were gathered using the

researchers-modified questionnaire. The Senior High School

learners’ level of involvement on Pre-Marital Sex were

assessed through the said checklist and answered by the

selected Senior High School learners.

In this study the independent variable is the Pre-

Marital Sex while the dependent variables is the learners’

involvement.

In order to analyses and interpret the gathering data,

the statistical tools to be utilized will be the frequency

counts, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and Person's

formula. Significance level will be set at 0.05 alpha.

7
 Chapter 2

Review of Related Literature

This chapter is made up of three parts namely: (1)

Learners’ involvement; (2) Pre-Marital sex; and (3)

Synthesis.

Part one, Learners’ Involvement, deliberate the different

studies about Learners’ Involvement.

Part two, Pre-Marital Sex, discusses the different studies

about Pre-Marital Sex.

Part three, Synthesis, gives the summary of the literature

reviewed in the study.

Learners’ Involvement

Pre-marital sexual conduct refers to sexual acts

carried out by unmarried people, and it is considered taboo

in certain societies and a sin in many religions. Pre-

marital sexual behavior is influenced by a variety of

circumstances, according to several research. Peer pressure,

familial background, socioeconomic level, religiousness,

age, exposure to pornographic materials/mass media, internet

8
exposure, and drug misuse are only a few of these

influences. (Adeola 2014)

Unplanned or premarital pregnancies, sexually

transmitted illnesses such as HIV/AIDS, and poor academic

performance are some of the issues that students who engage

in sexual activity are likely to face (Stephen & Stephen,

2016).

The majority of past Tanzanian research has focused on

characteristics that influence academic achievement in

general. Instructors' ineptitude, students' lack motivation,

teachers' bad morale, students' degree of sexual activity,

and other factors were researched, as outlined in Timothy

(2010). Evidence from different nations may aid in

understanding the current association between sexual

relationships among students and academic success. A number

of studies in the United States have found that youths who

do not engage in sexual activity are more likely to graduate

from high school and attend college than their sexually

active classmates (Idoko, Muyiwa Agoha, 2015).

Pre-Marital sex

Pre-marital sex among young people exposes them to

teenage pregnancies, unsafe abortions, and sexually

transmitted diseases like HIV/AIDS (Li et al., 2015; Okigbo

9
& Speizer, 2015). This is especially alarming since about

half of new HIV/AIDS infections occur among young people

between the ages 15 and 24 and particularly worrying in sub-

Saharan Africa where about 43 percent of the population is

less than 15 years (PRB, 2014) and more than one third is

between the ages 10-24 years (UNFPA & PRB, 2013).

In Ghana, a little over a third (34%) of never married

women and 30 percent of never married males between the ages

15 and 24 had ever had sex. Of these, however, only about 3

out of every 10 females and 45 percent of males reported the

use of a condom at last sexual intercourse (GSS, GHS, & ICF

Macro,2019). This calls for serious considerations into

young peoples’ perceptions and attitudes about sex. Studies

concerning young people’s perception about premarital sex

have shown that young people with favorable perceptions

about sex are more likely to engage in premarital sex (Tang

et al., 2011; Wang et al., 2007; Wells & Twenge, 2005). It

is important to note that young people’s perceptions

however, do not develop in isolation. One’s social space

plays an important role in shaping beliefs and perceptions.

Studies have shown that adolescents’ perceptions of their

parents’ values about sex are instrumental to their sexual

development and these values are likely to shape

adolescents’ own perceptions. This suggests the importance

of studying not only the young person’s perception about

10
premarital sex but also what their perceived parents’

values/perceptions about sex are in addition to other family

specific situations such as relationship quality and

financial support. (Somers & Anagurthi, 2014)

As teenagers, there are points in life, which they are

not, yet of much understanding as the old ones. To be

specific this refers to the acts called premarital sex.

“Virginity is no longer a universally expected prerequisite

for the marriage covenant”. This statement might not be true

to all people in the world. (Leyson, n, d.)

The state of being pregnant before getting married is

also one of the many problems in Thai society, though Thai

people have very good values and norms however, in the

present social trend, more people have become open minded

about couples cohabitating before marriage and this trend is

evident in all age groups, from students to adults they

suggested that premarital sex is becoming more common in

Vietnam but is still not widespread. The increase in the

frequency of premarital sex was seen since there were

individuals who engage in sex exclusively with a future

spouse. They further claimed, “very few men had premarital

sex with someone other than a future spouse”. (Ounjit, 2015)

The state of being pregnant before getting married does

not happen only in the foreign land but this is also present

in the Philippines. In the study conducted by Zablan (2014)

11
revealed that 18% of Filipino youths approved premarital

sex, 80% disapproved, and 2% were neutral (as cited in

Leyson, n.d.). According to the World Bank, the Philippines

is among the top ten countries where there is an increasing

number of teenage mothers (Ong, 2019). Once the child is

born the teenage mom bears the burden of rearing the child

at her very young age. This is not the only point to be

considered but generally this will add to the overpopulation

of the country and increase the poor quality of life. In the

online article of Wiltse (2019), the Philippines is one of

the fastest growing populations in Asia with about 2 million

new births each year. The government estimated that in 2040

the Philippines' population is projected to expand to as

many as 142 million. Furthermore, she expounds that teenage

pregnancy is widespread in the Philippines, especially

amongst the poor in Manila. Young mothers face enormous

health risks; obstructed labor is common and results in

newborn deaths and deaths or disabilities in the mothers.

Harding (2020) concurred in his article when he said that

there are alleged harmful physical and psychological effects

of premarital sex and similarly with the out-of-wedlock

childbirth. The words of Wiltse (2019) as regards to teenage

pregnancy and fast-growing population. Gorne (2016) in a

phone interview with the population Officer Velma Kangleon

learned that teenage pregnancies are rampant and pre-marital

sex occurrences in Southern Leyte; Maasin City alarms the

12
provincial government. (In the study of Ghuman, S., Huy, Lol

and Knodel 2016)

According to Kangleon, the latest result on the Pinoy

Youth Survey in close coordination with Population

Commission was shocking as Eastern Visayas ranks second in

the prevalence of teenage pregnancies and pre-marital sex

incidence next to Metro Manila to include Southern Leyte

(Gorne, 2014). Kangleon reported further that, teenage

pregnancies do not exempt children at elementary level

specifically those who have already their monthly period.

To be pregnant at the age far away from the adolescent

stage is important since at this time the woman is expected

to have finished her school and have a better job already

that will help her to escape economic problems. This is also

expected that she is now physically ready to face her

motherhood (Melgar,2009; Ong,2009)). Nevertheless, this

social phase of teenagers’ life needs proper guidance.

Quite a lot, as indicated by the 2013 Young Adult Fertility

and Sexuality Study (YAFS 4), which the University of the

Philippines Population Institute (UPPI) and the Demographic

Research and Development Foundation, Inc. (DRDF) revealed on

Thursday at the GT-Toyota Asian Center Auditorium in UP

Diliman, Quezon City. The study shows that one in every

three-youth aged 15 to 24 years old has engaged in

premarital sex, the number increasing by more than 14% from

13
almost 20 years ago, when the second YAFS was conducted.

This translates to about 6.2 million youth who have engaged

in sexual intercourse before marriage, according to UPPI’s

Maria Paz Marquez. She noted also a narrowing gap in the

number of males and females who have engaged in premarital

sex: 35.5 % of males and 28.7% of females in 2013, from

26.1% of males and 10.2% of females in 1994. The National

Capital Region (NCR) and Central Luzon have the highest

prevalence of premarital sex among youth with 40.9 % and

39.1 % respectively. The Autonomous Region in Muslim

Mindanao (ARMM), meanwhile, has the lowest prevalence with

7.7 %. A worrisome number, said project coordinator Dr.

Josefina Natividad, was the fact that 78% of those who

engaged in premarital sex for the first time were

unprotected against the risk of pregnancy and/or sexually

transmitted infection (STI). There were 73.4% of males and

83.8% of females who did not use any form of protection

during this first sexual act.

Marquez said this suggested that most of those who

engaged in premarital sex did not want or plan for it to

happen. She added that condoms and the withdrawal method

were the more common forms of contraception because these

needed less preparation as compared to the pill, for

example.

14
 Synthesis

Our research is all about the level of involvement of

selected senior high school learners’ regarding pre-marital

sex. Today’s generation many teenagers are aware of

Premarital Sex this kind of situation happened because

students are aware of consequences, only thing that they can

prevent pre-marital sex is thru perceived behavioral

control.

The occurrence of premarital sex behaviors for

adolescents has become increasingly more accepted nowadays.

There are a lot of talk shows and discussion about pre-

marital sex because adults are worried that there is a

growth on teenage pregnancy, being a teenage parent and

immorality of teenagers.

First off, let’s talk about premarital sex itself.

Premarital is a sexual activity practiced by people who are

unmarried. A serious matter that seeks for deeper

observation. As a teenager in a modern generation we

understand the behavior and actions of my peers about this

topic. Some teens are in favor of this practice; rituals are

15
overrated and following the rules of marriage as a sacrament

had been considered as old fashion.

Chapter 3

Research Design and Methodology

Chapter 3 is made up of three parts, namely; (1)

Purpose of the Study and Research Design, (2) Method, (3)

Statistical Data Analysis Procedure.

Part One, Purpose of the Study and Research Design

restates the purpose of the study and discusses the research

design. It also presents the research instruments, variables

involved in the study, the statistical tools employed in the

data analysis and the set alpha level of significance.

Part Two, Method, describes the participants, the data-

gathering instruments, and the research procedures employed

in the conduct of the study.

Part Three, Statistical Data Analysis Procedure,

enumerates the statistical tools employed in the data

analysis as well as provide basis and explanations when to

use these statistical tests.

16
 Purpose of the Study and Research Design

This study aims to determine the level of SHS Learners’

involvement on Pre-Marital sex for the school year 2022-

2023.

The survey-correlation method of research will have

used in the study. According to Fraenkel & Wallen (2005)

survey used in the study as a descriptive method to further

analyses the quality and accuracy of the study objectives.

Survey are used extensively in the library and information

science to assess attitudes and characteristics of a wide

range of objects. On the other hand, correlation research

investigates relationship between two or more sets of data.

This design likewise helps determine the extent to which

different variables are related to each other (David, 2002).

The data in this study will be collected using the

researcher made test and survey questionnaire. The

questionnaire was accompanied by a personal information

sheet to rather significant information on the profile of

the students.

17
 The independent variable will be involvement and

dependent variable will be the Pre-Marital sex.

The statistical tools that will be used in the study

were the frequency count, mean, standard deviation and

Pearson’s r.

Methods

Participants

The participants of the study will be the senior high

school students of Mianay National High School for the

school year 2022-2023.

From the population size of 294, a sample size of 169

knowing what might turn out to be useful using the

stratified random sampling. Stratified random sampling was

used by drawing the sample from the population and then

drawing separate random samples from each stratum. The

required number of participants was determined using the

formula of Sloven. They were selected at random using the

stratified proportional sampling by means of drawing of

lots. This means that all the names of the students were

written in rolled slips of paper and placed in the box. From

the box, the required number of respondents was drawn. The

name of the students that was drawn from each box served as

the participants in the study. The proportional allocation

formula was used to get the appropriate sample size from

18
various groups or classes of the population involved in the

study.

The respondents will be randomly taken from the list of

Senior High students shown in Table 1.

Table 1

Proportional Allocation of Sample Size in each Section

Mianay National High School

Senior High School

Year Level N n

Grade 11 155 89

Grade 12 139 80

Total 294 169

Profile of the Student-Participants

Table 2 presents the profile of the student-

participants in terms of sex, age, parent's educational

attainment, and monthly family income.

Data showed that out of 169 senior high school

students, 72 or 42.6% are males, and 97 or 57.4% are

females. There are also 17 or 10.1% who have an age of 16

years old and below, then there are 76 or 45.0% of grade 12

19
students who are 17 years old, and 76 or 45.8% senior high

school learners’ who is 18 years old and above. On the

father's educational attainment, data showed that 48 or

28.4% are elementary level, 25 or 14.8% are elementary

graduates, 40 or 23.7% are high school level, 31 or 18.3%

are high school graduates, 10 or 5.9% are college level, and

lastly 15 or 8.9% are college graduates. On the other hand,

on the mother's educational attainment, 34 or 18.1% are

elementary level, 23 or 13.6% are elementary graduates, 45

or 26.6% are high school level, 35 or 20.7% are high school

graduates, 15 or 8.9% are college level, and lastly, 17 or

10.1% are college graduates.

The monthly income showed that 132 or 78.1% of Senior

High School students have monthly family income of below Php

5,000 per month, 28 or 16.6% have an income of Php 5,000 to

Php 15,000 per month, and 9 or 5% have an estimated income

or more than Php 15,000 per month.

20
Table 2
Profile of the Student-Participants

21
 Category Frequency Percentage

Entire Group 169 100%

Sex

Male 72 42.6%

Female 97 57.4%

Father’s Educational
Attainment

Elementary Level 48 28.4%

Elementary Graduate 25 14.8%

High School Level 40 23.7%

High School Graduate 31 18.3%

College Level 10 5.9%

College Graduate 15 8.9%

Mother’s Educational
Attainment

Elementary Level 34 20.1%

Elementary Graduate 23 13.6%

High School Level 45 26.6%

High School Graduate 35 20.7%

College Level 15 8.9%

College Graduate 17 10.1%

Monthly Family Income

Low (Below 10,000) 132 78.1%

Average (10,000 – 15,000) 28 16.6%

High (More than 15,000) 9 5.3%

Data - Gathering Instruments

22
 A researcher-made test is used to gather the needed

data. In the process of gathering, the students’ personal

profile will be attached to collect data on age, sex,

parent’s educational attainment, and monthly family income.

Involvement Checklist. The level of involvement of the

respondents were measured using the researchers-made

checklist.

To describe the level of the involvement on Pre-

Marital, the scale below was used.

Scale Description

2.35 - 3.00 High

1.68 - 2.34 Average

1.00 - 1.67 Low

Pre-Marital Sex Questionnaire. For assessing the

learners’ involvement, a 20-item researcher-modified

questionnaire were used.

To describe the level of learners’ involvement, the

scale below was used.

Scale Description

23
 3.26 - 4.00 Very Positive

2.51 - 3.25 Positive

1.76 - 2.50 Slightly Positive

1.00 - 1.75 Not Positive

Data Gathering Procedures

Before the conduct of the study, a letter of permission

was submitted first from the school’s principal. Upon

approval, the researcher then conducted a stratified random

sampling among Senior high school students to determine the

sample size. The respondents were picked randomly from the

list of Senior high school students using the lottery

method. The involvement checklist and Pre-Marital Sex

questionnaire were administered at the end of the quarter.

The data that were obtained from the tests will be

processed, encoded, and analyzed using the Statistical

Package for Social Sciences (SPSS).

Statistical Data Analysis Procedure

24
 The data gathered from the study were analyzed using

the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software.

The following were the statistical tools used in the

analysis of the data gathered.

Profile in Frequency count and percentage. This was

used to determine the student's terms of sex, age, parent's

educational attainment, and monthly family income.

Mean. This is to determine the level of involvement on

Pre-Marital sex.

Standard deviation. This is used to determine the

homogeneity and heterogeneity of responses of all the

learners’ in terms of involvement on Pre-Marital sex.

Pearson's r. This will be used to determine the

relationship among the involvement of the learners on Pre-

Marital sex. All inferential test will be set a 5% alpha of

significant.

Chapter 4

25
 Presentation, Analyses and Interpretation of Data

Chapter 4 presents the results of this investigation. The

data needed for this descriptive research study was gathered

using the personal information sheets filled - up by the

students, involvement checklist, and questionnaires on the Pre-

Marital Sex. To analyze the data, the following tests of

statistics were employed: frequency count, percentage, mean,

standard deviation, and the Pearson’s r.

Below was the presentation and interpretation of the

descriptive data.

Descriptive Data Analyses

Table 2. Level of Involvement on Pre-Marital Sex of Senior High

School learners’

N Mean Std. Variance Remarks

Deviation

Involvement Low
169 1.95 .213 .045
Checklist

Valid N
169
(listwise)

The table shows that the mean in the involvement checklist

is 1.95. It means that the senior high school learners' level of
involvement on pre-marital sex is “low”.

26
 The low result of Learners' Level of Involvement on Pre-
Marital Sex implies that Senior High School Learners are
responsible enough not to engage in any sexual activity done
before marriage or simply known as the Pre-Marital Sex. It can
increase students’ confidence to participate actively in class
and promote student’s development about the topic of Pre-Marital
Sex. However, even with a low involvement on Pre-Marital sex, it
is still important to address the issue and provide every learner
especially the youth who would be the most vulnerable and prone
to do this unlawful act, the proper knowledge and precautionary
measures to have them a better path to take. It allows the
faculty and staffs of the school to provide differentiated
instruction for students about the issue.

The low level might be due of the positive perception of

students in the issue of Pre-Marital Sex.

Table 3. Level of Senior high school learners’ involvement on

Pre-Marital sex

N Mean Std. Variance Remarks

Deviation

Pre-Marital Sex
169 3.237 1.275 1.665
Questionnaire Positive

Valid N
169
(listwise)

The table shows that the mean in the pre-marital sex

questionnaire is 3.237. It means that the senior high school
learners' is “positive” about the issue on pre-marital sex. That
could mean that they welcome the idea of pre-marital sex does
exist and occur in our society but engaging in it is something
not ideal.

27
 Chapter 5

Summary, Conclusions, and Recommendations

Chapter 5 consists of three (3) parts, namely; (1) Summary

of the Problems, Methods and Findings; (2) Conclusions; and (3)

Recommendations.

Part one, Summary of the Problems, Methods and Findings,

gives the summary, methods and findings of the study.

Part Two, Conclusions, present the generalizations gathered

from the study.

Part Three, Recommendations, present possible areas for

future research and application of the findings.

Summary of the Problems Methods and Findings

This survey - correlational research was conducted to

determine the Senior High School Learners' Level of Involvement

on Pre-Marital Sex.

Specifically, the study attempted to answer the following

questions:

1. What is the level of involvement of Senior high school

learners on Pre-Marital sex?

2. What is the level of Senior high school learners’

involvement on Pre-Marital sex?

28
 3. Are there significant relationship between the SHS

learners’ level of involvement on Pre-Marital Sex?

The participants of this study were the 169 selected senior

high school students of Mianay National High School for the

school year 2022-2023. Stratified random sampling was employed to

determine the participants of the study. Data gathered from the

investigation were subjected to computer processed statistics

such as frequency count, percentage, mean, standard deviation and

Pearson’s r. The alpha level of significance was set at 0.05

level of significance.

The major findings of the study are:

1. In general, the Senior High School Learners' Level of

Involvement on Pre-Marital Sex was “low”. The senior high
school learners' is also “positive” about the issue on pre-
marital sex. That could mean that they welcome the idea of
pre-marital sex does exist and occur in our society but
engaging in it is something not ideal.
2. Several factors that influences the conditions of the
learners’ attitude towards pre-marital sex such as their
desire to belong to their peers, self-esteem, economic
reasons, drugs and poor family upbringing.
3. Premarital sex has many adverse effects on the youths

such as unwanted pregnancies, STD's social stigma, and school

dropout, among others.

4. Premarital sex may be curtailed through abstinence,

strict parental supervision and advice and creation of massive

awareness on the ills of premarital sex and the dangers inherent

in it.

29
 Conclusions

In lieu of the aforementioned findings, the following

conclusions are drawn.

1. In general, the Senior High School Learners' Level of

Involvement on Pre-Marital Sex was “low”. The senior high
school learners' is also “positive” about the issue on pre-
marital sex. That could mean that they welcome the idea of
pre-marital sex does exist and occur in our society but
engaging in it is something not ideal. Several factors that
influences the conditions of the learners’ attitude towards
pre-marital sex such as their desire to belong to their
peers, self-esteem, economic reasons, drugs and poor family
upbringing.
2. Majority of youths in tertiary institutions engage in pre-
marital sexual relationships even as they believe it should
be done only within the confines of matrimony.

3. Factors which entice and propel the-youths to premarital sex

include peer pressure, low self-esteem, bad parental
upbringing, financial considerations and influence of
alcohol and hard drags.

4. Premarital sex may cause a youth to have an unwanted

pregnancy, STDs, or he/she may be stigmatized and may drop
out of school, all of which may destroy his/her future.

5. Through abstinence, good parental upbringing and creation of

awareness on the dangers of premarital sex, the incidence of
premarital sex may be controlled.

30
 Suggestions for Further Studies

There should be in-depth study and appraisal of factors which may

entice the youths to indulge in premarital sex as therein lies
the solutions and modalities that may best be sued by concerned
individuals, cooperates organizations and the government in
curtailing the ugly trend.

Recommendations

Based on the foregoing, the following recommendations are hereby

put forward:

1.Parents should ensure that they teach their adolescent children

sex education. Parents have the major role of guiding their
children about how serious was the said matter.

2.There should be public enlightenment on the dangers of

premarital sex. The proper use of contraceptives must be fostered
worldwide.

3.The government, corporate organizations and other concerned

individuals should create opportunities for youth training on the
implications of social vices, especially premarital sex.

4.All educational institutions should engage the services of

guidance counselors to counsel the youths on the adverse effects
of premarital sex and the benefits of waiting for the rights time
to involves in sexual activities.

5.Religious institutions should incorporate sex education in

their sermons and teachings as this will help educate the
vulnerable youths.

31
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COMMUNICATION LETTER

39
 Department of Education
Region VI - Western Visayas
Schools Division of Capiz
Mianay National High School
Senior High School Department
Mianay, Sigma, Capiz
March 13, 2023
Dr. Teresita Barrio
Principal 1
Mianay National High School
Mianay, Sigma, Capiz

Dear Ma'am,
Christian Greetings!
I am writing to request permission to conduct a
research study in our school. I am presently enrolled in
Academic Track with a strand of ABM (Accountancy, Business
and Management). We are currently in the process of writing
our research study entitled " Senior High School Learners'
Level of Involvement on Pre-Marital Sex " of Mianay National
High School for SY 2022-2023.
We hope that you will permit us to utilize the 169
senior high school students to anonymously complete our
prepared research instrument.

The survey results will be pooled for the research

project and individual result of these study will remain
absolutely private and anonymous. In publishing this study,
only pooled results will be documented. No costs will be
incurred by either the school or individual participants.

Your approval to conduct this study will be greatly

appreciated.
Thank you so much!

Respectfully yours, Noted by:

Marjun C. Soqueña Dr. Joan S. Garnica
Researcher – Team Leader Research Teacher
Approved by:
Dr. Teresita A. Barrio
Principal 1

40
RESEARCH INSTRUMENT

41
 MIANAY NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Mianay, Sigma, Capiz

Dear Respondents:

We are currently conducting a study entitled “Senior

High School Learners’ Level of Involvement on Pre-Marital

Sex” of Mianay National High School for SY 2022-2023.

In line with this, we are asking for your help and

honesty upon answering the following statements on our

questionnaire.

Thank you so much!

Researchers,

Marjun Soqueña

Heaven Marie Estosos

Jay-Ann Nobleza

Rhino Valdez

Edmar Obrigue

Jovelyn Valle

42
 RESEARCH INSTRUMENT

The research instrument has three parts, namely; (1)

Demographic Profile, (2) Involvement Checklist and (3) Pre-

Marital Sex Questionnaire. Please do not leave any item

unanswered.

Part I: Demographic Profile

Directions: Please indicate your response by filling up

the blank and checking the appropriate space with the

information needed. Rest assured that all information from

this questionnaire will be kept with utmost confidentiality.

Name (optional): _____________________________ Age: ______

Sex: O Male O Female

Parent’s Educational Attainment

Father's Educational Attainment

o Elementary Level

o Elementary Graduate

o High School Level

o High School Graduate

o College Level

o College Graduate

43
Mother's Educational Attainment

o Elementary Level

o Elementary Graduate

o High School Level

o High School Graduate

o College Level

o College Graduate

Monthly Family Income

o Low (Below 10,000)

o Average (10,000 - 15,000)

o High (More than 15,000)

Part II. Involvement Checklist

Directions: Put a check on either Yes or No in the

given statement.

I am involved on Pre-Marital Sex. Yes ( ) No ( )

Part III. Pre-Marital Sex

Researchers-Modified Questionnaire

44
 (Asia Pacific Journal of Academic Research in Social

Sciences; Volume 6, No. 2; November 2021)

Directions: Put a check on the choices that corresponds

your answers in each item. Please refer to the following

response choices.

5 – Strongly Disagree

4 – Disagree

3 - Uncertain

2 – Agree

1 - Strongly Agree

Statement about Pre-Marital Sex 5 4 3 2 1

1. It is normal for teenagers to

have sex at school age.

2. Having sex at school age can

be done because my peers do

it.

3.Having sex at school age can

be done because it is common.

4.Having sex at school age is

personal and does not affect

anyone.

45
5.Having sex at school age is

fine although it is the age a

student should study for the

future.

6.Having sex at school age is a

suitable behavior.

7.Having sex at school age is OK

even if it leads to loss of

virginity.

8.Having sex at school age is OK

even if it hurts parents.

9.I value sexual abstinence

before marriage.

10.I should respect my body and

keep it pure for marriage.

11.I should respect others and

help them keep their bodies

pure.

12.I should control my sexual

desires until marriage.

13.Sex is important and that of

should not be taken lightly.

14.Controlling sexual thoughts

is important.

46
15.Sex is not only about

physical intimacy but also

spiritual and emotional.

16.Premarital sex is unholy.

17.Sex is God’s gift to be used

in marriage, not before

marriage.

18.Premarital sex is a sinful in

a sight of God.

19.Poverty is one of the major

causes of Pre-Marital Sex.

20.Advent of mobile phone and

social media promotes desire for

Pre-Marital Sex.

47
 DATA OF RESPONDENTS
Father’s Mother’s Monthly
Respondents Age Sex Educational Educational Family
Attainment Attainment Income

1 2 2 1 3 2

2 2 1 2 2 1

3 2 2 2 2 1

4 2 2 2 2 1

5 1 1 2 4 1

6 2 1 3 5 2

7 2 1 3 3 2

8 2 1 4 5 1

9 3 1 3 3 1

10 3 2 3 1 1

11 3 2 1 1 1

12 2 2 1 6 1

13 2 2 1 1 1

14 2 2 1 2 1

15 2 2 1 1 1

16 3 1 3 3 2

17 2 2 1 1 1

18 1 2 1 1 1

19 2 2 1 1 1

20 3 2 2 2 1

21 2 2 4 3 2

22 3 2 3 2 1

23 2 2 2 4 1

24 2 1 1 1 1

48
25 2 1 1 4 1

26 3 1 4 2 1

27 3 1 3 2 1

28 3 2 3 1 1

29 3 1 1 1 1

30 3 1 1 2 1

31 3 1 5 5 1

32 3 2 5 3 1

33 2 1 5 3 1

34 3 2 3 4 1

35 3 2 1 1 1

36 3 2 2 2 1

37 3 1 2 4 1

38 3 2 1 3 1

39 3 2 4 4 1

40 3 2 1 3 1

41 2 2 4 4 1

42 2 2 1 3 1

43 2 2 2 4 1

44 2 2 1 4 1

45 3 1 3 4 2

46 3 1 1 1 1

47 3 2 2 1 1

48 3 1 1 1 1

49 2 2 4 5 1

50 2 2 4 5 1

51 3 1 1 1 1

49
52 1 1 3 3 1

53 3 1 4 5 1

54 3 2 5 6 1

55 3 1 1 4 1

56 2 2 4 3 1

57 3 1 3 4 1

58 3 2 3 5 1

59 3 2 1 1 1

60 3 1 3 3 1

61 3 1 5 2 1

62 2 2 3 2 2

63 2 1 3 3 1

64 2 2 1 4 1

65 2 2 4 2 1

66 3 2 2 2 1

67 2 2 4 5 2

68 2 1 1 4 3

69 2 2 1 3 1

70 2 1 2 3 1

71 2 1 4 3 1

72 1 1 2 4 1

73 2 1 3 4 1

74 1 1 3 3 1

75 2 1 2 3 1

76 2 1 1 3 1

77 2 2 2 4 1

50
78 3 1 4 2 1

79 1 1 4 6 1

80 2 1 2 1 1

81 3 1 4 3 1

82 2 1 3 3 1

83 2 1 4 4 1

84 2 1 1 2 2

85 2 2 2 4 2

86 3 2 2 3 2

87 3 1 1 1 1

88 2 1 1 6 1

89 2 2 3 2 2

90 2 2 4 6 1

91 3 1 5 1 1

92 2 1 4 4 2

93 2 2 1 4 1

94 2 2 2 3 1

95 2 2 1 1 1

96 3 2 4 3 1

97 3 2 1 1 1

98 3 2 1 2 1

99 3 2 3 4 1

100 3 1 3 3 1

101 3 2 6 6 1

102 3 1 6 6 3

103 3 1 6 6 3

51
104 2 2 5 6 1

105 3 1 5 4 3

106 2 1 6 6 1

107 2 2 6 3 2

108 3 1 3 1 1

109 2 2 4 4 1

110 3 1 1 4 1

111 2 2 4 4 1

112 1 2 2 4 1

113 2 1 6 5 1

114 3 2 1 6 1

115 2 2 4 2 2

116 3 2 1 3 1

117 2 2 1 1 1

118 2 2 4 3 2

119 2 2 4 1 2

120 2 2 2 4 1

121 1 2 4 5 3

122 2 2 3 1 1

123 1 2 1 1 1

124 2 1 4 4 1

125 2 1 4 6 1

126 2 1 3 6 3

127 2 2 6 6 3

128 3 1 6 3 1

129 3 1 3 2 1

52
130 2 1 3 3 1

131 2 1 1 4 1

132 2 2 5 6 2

133 1 2 4 4 2

134 2 2 1 1 2

135 2 2 2 3 1

136 3 1 6 5 1

137 2 2 3 3 1

138 1 2 3 5 2

139 1 2 3 3 1

140 1 2 3 3 1

141 1 2 6 3 3

142 2 1 1 1 1

143 2 2 1 1 1

144 1 2 3 3 1

145 2 2 6 3 2

146 1 1 6 5 1

147 3 1 3 3 1

148 3 2 2 2 1

149 2 1 4 2 1

150 3 2 3 3 1

151 3 1 4 4 1

152 3 2 4 4 1

153 3 1 1 1 1

154 3 2 3 3 1

155 3 2 3 1 1

53
156 3 2 1 3 1

157 3 2 5 3 1

158 3 2 2 3 1

159 3 2 2 2 2

160 3 1 3 6 2

161 3 2 6 4 2

162 3 1 1 5 3

163 3 2 3 1 1

164 3 1 3 6 2

165 3 2 6 5 2

166 2 1 3 1 2

167 3 2 1 1 1

168 3 2 1 3 1

169 3 2 6 4 1

LEARNERS’ INVOLVEMENT

54
Respondents Respondents Respondents Respondents

1 2 44 2 87 2 130 2

2 2 45 1 88 2 131 2

3 2 46 2 89 2 132 2

4 2 47 2 90 2 133 2

5 2 48 2 91 2 134 2

6 2 49 2 92 2 135 2

7 2 50 2 93 2 136 2

8 2 51 1 94 2 137 2

9 2 52 2 95 2 138 2

10 2 53 2 96 2 139 2

11 2 54 2 97 2 140 2

12 2 55 2 98 2 141 2

13 2 56 2 99 2 142 2

14 2 57 2 100 2 143 2

15 2 58 2 101 2 144 2

16 2 59 2 102 2 145 2

17 2 60 1 103 2 146 2

18 2 61 2 104 2 147 2

19 2 62 2 105 2 148 2

20 2 63 2 106 2 149 2

21 2 64 2 107 2 150 2

22 2 65 2 108 2 151 2

23 2 66 2 109 2 152 2

24 2 67 2 110 2 153 2

25 2 68 2 111 2 154 2

55
 26 2 69 2 112 2 155 2

27 2 70 2 113 2 156 2

28 2 71 2 114 2 157 2

29 2 72 2 115 2 158 2

30 2 73 1 116 2 159 2

31 2 74 2 117 2 160 2

32 2 75 1 118 2 161 2

33 2 76 2 119 1 162 1

34 2 77 2 120 2 163 2

35 2 78 2 121 2 164 2

36 2 79 1 122 2 165 2

37 2 80 2 123 2 166 2

38 2 81 1 124 2 167 2

39 2 82 2 125 2 168 2

40 2 83 2 126 2 169 2

41 2 84 2 127 2

42 2 85 2 128 2

43 2 86 2 129 2

PRE-MARITAL SEX

Respondents 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

1 4 5 5 4 3 5 5 5 1 1 3 2 1 1 1 2 2 3 4 1

2 4 3 4 3 4 4 4 4 1 1 2 2 2 1 2 4 1 2 3 5

56
3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 4 3 2 2

4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 1 1 1 1 4 5 4 2 1 2 2 2

5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 3 3 3 3 3 4 3 2 2 3 3

6 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 4 3 3 3 3 3 5 4 2 2 3 3

7 1 5 3 2 2 1 4 1 2 5 4 4 3 4 4 3 3 3 2 2

8 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 5 4 2 2 5 3 5 2 3 4 2 2 3

9 2 1 3 1 4 3 2 2 5 1 3 1 2 2 5 1 5 5 1 3

10 2 1 4 1 3 2 2 3 3 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 3 2

11 5 5 5 5 4 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 5 4 4 5 5 3 5 5

12 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

13 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 3 5 3 5 3 5 5 5 5 3 3 3

14 4 4 4 4 3 3 4 5 5 3 3 3 3 1 2 3 3 3 3 4

15 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

16 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 5 4 1 1 2 2 1 2 2 1 1 2 2

17 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

18 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

19 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

20 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

21 4 5 5 4 3 4 5 5 5 5 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 1

22 3 4 2 3 2 4 4 3 3 5 2 3 3 4 4 3 4 5 3 3

23 5 5 5 2 2 1 4 2 1 2 1 3 1 2 1 1 2 1 2 1

24 4 4 4 2 2 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 1 1 2 4 2 2 3 3

25 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5

26 3 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 3 3 1 4 3 5 4

27 5 5 4 5 5 3 5 5 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 4 2 2 2 2

28 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 3 4 4 3 4 4 4 3 2 2 3 3

29 5 5 4 5 5 3 5 5 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 2 5 5 5 5

57
30 5 5 4 5 5 4 5 5 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 2 5 5 5 5

31 2 5 3 2 2 3 2 3 2 2 2 3 2 3 3 5 3 5 5 5

32 4 5 3 4 3 4 5 3 4 3 2 2 2 4 4 3 4 4 3 4

33 4 5 3 4 4 4 4 3 3 2 2 2 3 1 2 1 2 3 3 3

34 4 5 4 4 5 5 5 4 5 4 4 4 5 3 5 5 2 2 4 5

35 5 3 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 1 1 5 1 5 5 1 1 5 5

36 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 1 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5

37 5 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 1 1 5 1 5 5 1 5 5 5

38 5 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 1 1 5 5 5 1 5 1 5 5

39 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 4 2

40 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 5 2

41 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 3 2 1

42 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 1 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 3 5 2

43 5 5 5 5 4 5 5 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 5 2

44 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 5 1

45 3 5 5 5 2 4 3 5 3 4 2 2 4 2 1 4 3 3 5 2

46 5 5 4 5 5 4 5 5 3 2 5 3 4 4 5 4 3 3 4 5

47 4 5 5 4 4 5 5 5 5 2 2 2 5 5 5 2 5 5 5 2

48 4 5 4 5 4 4 4 5 4 1 2 3 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 3

49 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 1 4 1 1 5 5 5 5 4

50 3 3 3 4 3 4 3 3 4 5 5 5 4 4 5 4 1 5 4 3

51 2 5 3 5 5 5 2 3 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 3

52 5 5 2 5 5 5 5 5 5 3 2 5 5 5 4 3 5 2 1 5

53 4 5 5 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

54 4 4 5 4 4 5 5 5 2 1 2 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 2

55 3 5 4 5 4 4 5 4 3 2 1 2 3 1 2 2 1 2 2 2

58
56 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 5 4 1 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3

57 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 3 1 1 2 3 1 2 2 1 2 2 2

58 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 3 1 1 2 3 1 2 2 1 2 2 2

59 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 3 4 1 1 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 2

60 4 4 4 3 4 5 4 5 5 4 5 4 3 4 4 3 4 4 4 4

61 5 4 4 5 5 4 5 5 5 1 5 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4

62 5 4 5 5 4 5 5 5 1 1 1 1 2 4 5 5 3 3 4 5

63 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 3 1 3 2 1

64 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 3 1 3 2 1

65 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 2

66 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 2 2 2 5 2 2 2 2 3 5

67 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 5 1 2

68 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 5 1 1

69 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 3 2 1 5 1 1 1 1 1 2 1

70 3 2 4 2 4 2 2 5 5 5 2 5 3 3 5 2 5 2 3 3

71 3 2 3 1 5 2 2 1 5 2 4 5 2 5 4 3 5 2 3 1

72 2 3 2 2 2 3 4 3 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 3 3 3

73 3 5 3 1 1 3 3 3 3 1 3 3 3 1 1 3 2 1 1 1

74 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2

75 3 5 3 5 5 5 5 1 4 1 5 1 5 2 4 5 5 4 3 5

76 4 4 5 5 3 5 5 5 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 3

77 5 5 5 5 4 5 5 5 1 2 3 1 1 1 1 2 1 5 2 1

78 4 5 4 5 5 4 3 3 3 4 3 1 3 1 3 3 1 3 3 4

79 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 2 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

80 4 5 5 5 4 4 3 3 3 5 2 2 3 2 3 2 3 3 2 1

81 4 5 5 5 5 5 4 1 5 1 4 5 5 1 5 4 5 5 5 5

59
82 5 5 5 5 4 4 5 4 3 5 1 1 2 2 1 3 5 5 2 3

83 5 2 2 1 3 3 1 1 5 5 5 5 2 5 5 3 5 4 3 3

84 5 5 5 5 4 5 5 5 4 5 4 5 5 4 5 5 4 5 5 5

85 5 5 5 5 4 5 5 5 5 2 5 5 5 5 4 4 5 5 5 5

86 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 2 2 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5

87 4 1 1 5 2 5 3 5 3 1 1 5 2 2 3 4 2 2 4 5

88 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 2 1 1 1 4 2 2 2 2 2 1 2

89 5 5 5 3 5 3 5 5 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 3 3

90 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 2 2 2 1 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 2 2

91 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 1 2 2 3 2 3 3 5 3 3 3

92 4 4 4 5 4 3 4 5 4 2 2 1 4 1 3 3 3 3 3 3

93 3 3 3 3 2 4 5 4 4 2 2 1 2 2 3 5 2 2 5 4

94 3 3 3 4 2 4 2 5 2 4 2 2 2 2 2 3 4 4 4 4

95 5 5 5 5 4 5 5 2 4 1 5 4 5 5 5 4 5 4 4 5

96 4 5 5 5 5 4 5 5 3 1 2 2 3 1 3 5 3 3 3 3

97 5 5 5 5 4 5 5 5 1 1 2 1 3 1 2 3 4 3 3 5

98 5 5 5 3 4 5 5 5 1 1 2 1 3 1 1 3 2 1 3 2

99 4 5 5 5 5 4 5 5 3 2 2 2 3 2 3 5 3 3 3 3

100 4 1 1 5 5 4 4 4 1 5 4 2 4 2 2 2 2 2 4 4

101 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 2 5 5 5 5 5 5 2 1 1 1

102 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

103 5 3 2 3 2 1 1 1 5 5 5 5 5 1 5 5 1 1 5 1

104 3 3 3 1 2 5 1 5 5 5 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 1 1 1

105 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5

106 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

107 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

60
108 3 3 3 3 3 5 4 5 2 1 2 1 4 5 1 2 2 1 1 4

109 5 3 3 3 2 4 5 5 4 5 1 2 2 2 2 3 2 4 4 4

110 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5

111 5 3 3 3 2 4 5 5 4 1 1 2 3 2 2 3 2 4 4 4

112 5 5 5 5 2 5 3 5 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 3

113 5 5 5 5 5 4 5 5 1 1 1 1 3 2 3 3 2 1 5 4

114 1 5 3 2 2 1 4 2 5 1 5 1 3 4 2 3 5 4 1 1

115 1 5 3 2 2 1 4 3 2 2 5 1 3 4 3 3 1 4 2 1

116 5 5 5 2 2 1 4 1 2 2 1 4 5 1 5 4 1 4 2 5

117 4 5 4 2 2 3 1 3 2 2 2 4 3 1 4 3 1 1 2 3

118 1 5 3 2 2 1 1 5 2 4 2 4 3 1 4 3 1 1 2 3

119 4 4 4 5 4 5 4 5 3 5 2 4 3 2 3 3 4 3 4 4

120 4 4 4 2 5 3 3 3 3 4 2 2 1 1 2 4 1 2 3 3

121 3 4 3 3 2 5 3 2 2 1 4 3 3 1 4 4 2 3 3 4

122 4 4 4 2 2 3 3 3 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 3 1 2 2 2

123 3 2 3 2 2 4 4 4 5 4 2 2 1 2 2 3 2 2 2 1

124 2 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 3 3 5 5 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 5

125 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 3 3 3 3 3 3 1 1 1 1 1 1

126 4 4 4 5 4 5 4 4 4 1 4 5 4 5 4 3 4 4 4 4

127 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

128 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

129 5 4 5 5 4 5 5 5 5 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 4

130 5 4 5 5 4 5 5 5 5 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 4

131 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 3 3 3

132 4 4 4 4 4 3 5 5 4 1 1 2 3 1 2 2 4 4 3 3

133 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

61
134 5 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 5 4 2 2 3

135 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 2 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 5

136 4 4 4 5 4 5 4 5 4 1 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5

137 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 2 1 3 2 1 3 1 1 3 5 4

138 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 1 5 2 2 2 5 5 2 5 2 5

139 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 3 1 3 2 1

140 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 3 1 3 2 1

141 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 5 1 2

142 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5

143 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 5

144 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 5

145 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 3 1 3 3 3 2 3 2 1 2 2

146 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 3 3 5 3 3 3 3 1 1 1 5 1 1

147 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 1 2 2 1 1 1 4 1 1 4 3

148 5 5 5 3 4 5 5 5 1 1 2 1 3 1 2 3 2 1 3 2

149 5 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 4 3

150 2 2 4 2 3 2 3 2 3 4 5 5 3 5 3 3 3 4 3 4

151 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 2 4 5 4 2 2 4 4 3 4 4

152 4 4 4 3 3 3 5 5 2 5 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 4 3 3

153 4 3 4 5 4 4 3 4 2 1 4 3 4 3 2 4 2 2 4 3

154 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 2 1 1 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 3

155 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 2 1 1 2 3 2 2 2 1 2 2 3

156 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 2 1 1 4 3 2 2 1 1 2 2 3

157 5 5 5 5 5 4 5 3 2 2 2 1 3 1 2 2 1 4 2 3

158 4 5 5 5 4 4 5 5 1 1 3 2 1 3 3 3 3 5 2 3

159 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 2 1 1 2 3 2 2 5 2 1 2 3

62
160 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

161 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 1

162 2 3 3 1 4 3 2 4 2 4 2 4 3 2 4 2 2 1 2 1

163 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 2

164 5 5 5 5 4 5 5 5 4 1 5 2 3 2 2 2 2 1 3 3

165 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 2 2 1 3 2

166 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 2 2

167 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 3 2

168 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 3 3 2

169 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 3 3 2

63
Curriculum Vitae

64
 Curriculum Vitae

Personal Data

Name : Marjun C. Soqueña

Address : Parian, Sigma, Capiz

Citizenship : Filipino

Date of Birth : December 8,2004

Place of Birth : Parian, Sigma, Capiz

Gender : Male

Civil Status : Single

Religion : Roman Catholic

Mother's Name : Marites Soqueña

Father's Name : Rodolfo Soqueña Jr.

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Elementary : Margarita Soriano Elementary School

(With Honors)

Year Graduated : 2016-2017

Junior High School: Mianay National High School

(With High Honors)

Year Graduated : 2020 – 2021

65
 Curriculum Vitae

Personal Data

Name : Heaven Marie V. Estosos

Address : Parian, Sigma, Capiz

Citizenship : Filipino

Date of Birth : December 28, 2004

Place of Birth : Poblacion Rosario, Cavite

Gender : Female

Civil Status : Single

Religion : Roman Catholic

Mother's Name : Rona Valdez

Father's Name : Alfredo Estosos lll

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Elementary : Margarita Soriano Elementary School

Year Graduated : 2016-2017

Junior High School: Mianay National High School

(With Honors)

Year Graduated : 2020 – 2021

66
 Curriculum Vitae

Personal Data

Name : Jay-Ann J. Nobleza

Address : Parian, Sigma, Capiz

Citizenship : Filipino

Date of Birth : July 23,2005

Place of Birth : Parian, Sigma, Capiz

Gender : Female

Civil Status : Single

Religion : Roman Catholic

Mother's Name : Josephine J. Nobleza

Father's Name : Jose J. Nobleza

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Elementary : Margarita Soriano Elementary School

Year Graduated : 2016-2017

Junior High School: Mianay National High School

Year Graduated : 2020 – 2021

67
 Curriculum Vitae

Personal Data

Name : Edmar Obrigue

Address : Ondoy, Ivisan, Capiz

Citizenship : Filipino

Date of Birth : August 5, 1998

Place of Birth : Ivisan, Capiz

Gender : Male

Civil Status : Single

Religion : Roman Catholic

Mother's Name : Thelma Obrigue

Father's Name : Vergilio Obrigue

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Elementary : Ivisan Elementary School

Year Graduated : 2010-2011

68
 Curriculum Vitae

Personal Data

Name : Jovelyn Valle

Address : Mianay, Sigma, Capiz

Citizenship : Filipino

Date of Birth : December 25, 2004

Place of Birth : Sigma, Capiz

Gender : Female

Civil Status : Single

Religion : Roman Catholic

Mother's Name : Jackielyn Valle

Father's Name : Ulysis Valle

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Elementary : Sinandigan Elementary School

Year Graduated : 2016-2017

Junior High School : Mianay National High School

Year Graduated : 2020 - 2021

69
 Curriculum Vitae

Personal Data

Name : Rhino Valdez

Address : Mianay, Sigma, Capiz

Citizenship : Filipino

Date of Birth : April 11, 1999

Place of Birth : Parian, Sigma, Capiz

Gender : Male

Civil Status : Single

Religion : Roman Catholic

Mother's Name : Gina Valdez

Father's Name : Richard Valdez

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Elementary : Jose Reyes Jarencio Elementary School

Year Graduated : 2014-2015

70