12 SETS

01 Chapter 01
Matrices

RELATIONS AND FUNCTIONS

RELATIONS AND FUNCTIONS

Previous Year Questions

1. If f ( x ) = a ( x − cos x ) is strictly decreasing in , then 8. Show that a function f: → defined as

‘ a ’ belongs to 5x − 3
f ( x) = is both one-one and onto.
(a) {0} (b) (0,  ) 4
(c) ( − , 0) (d) ( −,  ) [CBSE 65-3-1 (2023)]
9. The solution set of the inequation 3x + 5y < 7 is :
[CBSE 65-1-1 (2023)]
(a) whole xy-plane except the points lying on the line 3x
2. Assertion (A): The range of the function
+ 5y = 7.
3   5 
f ( x ) = 2sin −1 x + , where x   −1,1 , is  ,  . (b) whole xy-plane along with the points lying on the
2 2 2  line 3x + 5y = 7.
Reason (R): The range of the principal value branch of (c) open half plane containing the origin except the
sin −1 ( x ) is  0,   . points of line 3x + 5y = 7.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and (d) open half plane not containing the origin.
Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the Assertion [CBSE 65-4-1 (2023)]
(A). 10. Which of the following points satisfies both the
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but inequations 2x + y  10 and x + 2y  8 ?
Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of the (a) (–2, 4) (b) (3, 2)
Assertion (A). (c) (–5, 6) (d) (4, 2)
(c) Assertion (A) is true and Reason (R) is false. [CBSE 65-4-1 (2023)]
(d) Assertion (A) is false and Reason (R) is true. 11. (a) If N denotes the set of all natural numbers and R is
[CBSE 65-1-1 (2023)] the relation on N × N defined by (a, b) R (c, d), if ad(b
3. A function f : A → B defined as f(x) = 2x is both one- + c) = bc(a + d). Show that R is an equivalence relation.
one and onto. If A = {1, 2, 3, 4}, then find the set B. OR
[CBSE 65-1-1 (2023)]  4
(b) Let f : − −  → be a function defined as
16sin x  3
4. Show that the function f ( x ) = − x , is strictly
4 + cos x 4x
f ( x) = . Show that f is a one-one function. Also,
  3x + 4
decreasing in  ,   .
2  check whether f is an onto function or not.
[CBSE 65-1-1 (2023)] [CBSE 65-4-1 (2023)]
5. A relation R is defined on a set of real numbers as R 12. Let A = {3, 5}. Then number of reflexive relations on A
= {(x, y) : x . y is an irrational number}. is
Check whether R is reflexive, symmetric and transitive (a) 2 (b) 4
or not. (c) 0 (d) 8
[CBSE 65-1-1 (2023)] [CBSE 65-5-1 (2023)]
6. Find the equations of the line passing through the points 13. Write the domain and range (principle value branch) of
A(1, 2, 3) and B(3, 5, 9). Hence, find the coordinates of the following functions :
the points on this line which are at a distance of 14 units f ( x ) = tan −1 x
from point B. [CBSE 65-5-1 (2023)]
[CBSE 65-1-1 (2023)] 14. An organization conducted bike race under two
7. A function f :  −4, 4 →  0, 4 is given by different categories — Boys and Girls. There were 28
participants in all. Among all of them, finally three from
f ( x ) = 16 − x 2 . Show that f is an onto function but
category 1 and two from category 2 were selected for
not a one-one function. Further, find all possible values the final race. Ravi forms two sets B and G with these
of 'a' for which f(a) = 7. participants for his college project.
[CBSE 65-2-1 (2023)]

Let B = {b1, b2, b3} and G = {g1, g2}, where B represents
the set of Boys selected and G the set of Girls selected
for the final race.
Based on the above information, answer the following
questions :
RELATIONS AND FUNCTIONS
(I) How many relations are possible from B to G ?
(II) Among all the possible relations from B to G, how
many functions can be formed from B to G ?
(III) Let R : B → B be defined by R = {(x, y) : x and y
are students of the same sex}. Check if R is an
equivalence relation.
OR
(III) A function f: B → G be defined by f = {(b1, g1),
(b2, g2), (b3, g1)}.
Check if f is bijective. Justify your answer.
[CBSE 65-5-1 (2023)]
RELATIONS AND FUNCTIONS

Solutions
One-one: f(– 1) = f (1) = 15 but −1  1, ‘f’ is not a
1. (c) ( − , 0) one-one function.
2. (c) Assertion is True, Reason is False f ( a ) = 7  16 − a 2 = 7  a = 3
3. f(1) = 2, f(2) = 4, f(3) = 6, f(4) = 8
8. Let x1 , x2  R (Domain) such that f ( x1 ) = f ( x2 )
 B = {2, 4, 6, 8}
16  4 + cos x  cos x + 16sin 2 x 
5 x1 − 3 5 x2 − 3
=
4. f '( x) = −1
( 4 + cos x ) 4 4
2

 5 x1 = 5 x2  x1 = x2
cos x ( 56 − cos x )
=  f is one-one.
( 4 + cos x )
2
Let y ∈ R (co-domain). Then f(x) = y for some x .
  5x − 3 4y + 3
in  ,   , cos x  0  f ' ( x )  0 if, y = , i.e., if, x = , which ∈ R(Domain)
2  4 5
  4y + 3
 f ( x ) in strictly decreasing in  ,   Thus, for every y ∈ R(co − domain), there exists
2  5
5. For reflexive  4y + 3 
(1, 1)  R as 12 is rational (or any other counter
∈ R(domain) such that f  = y
 5 
example)  Range of f = R = codomain of f. Hence, f is onto.
R is not reflexive 9. (c) open half plane containing the origin except the
For symmetric points of line 3x + 5y =7
Let (x, y)  R  x. y is an irrational number 10. (d) (4, 2)
 (y. x) is an irrational number 11. (a) Reflexive : Here, (a, b) R (a, b) ∀ (a, b) ∈ N X N
 (y, x)  R since ab(b + a) = ba(a + b) is always true.
 R is symmetric Symmetric: Let (a, b) R (c, d) ∀ (a, b), (c, d) ∈ N X N.
For Transitive Then,
(1, 2 )  R, ( 2 , 2)  R (or any other counter ad(b + c) = bc(a + d)
example)  bc(a + d) = ad(b + c)
but (1, 2)  R  (c, d) R (a, b)
 R is not transitive Transitive: Let (a, b) R (c, d) and (c, d) R (e, f) ∀ (a, b),
x −1 y − 2 z − 3 (c, d), (e, f) ∈ N X N. Then
6. Equation of line AB is = =
2 3 6 ad (b + c) = bc (a + d) and cf(d + e) = de(c + f)
Let coordinates of required point on AB be b+c a+d d +e c+ f
 = and =
( 2 + 1,3 + 2, 6 + 3) for some  bc ad de cf
According to Question 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
+ = +  + = +
( 2 − 2) + ( 3 − 3) + ( 6 − 6 ) = 14 gives c b d a e d f c
2 2 2 2

Adding, we get
 2 − 2 − 3 = 0
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Solving we get  = 3 and – 1 + + + = + + +
c b e d d a f c
 required points are (7, 11, 21) and (– 1, – 1, – 3)
1 1 1 1
7. Onto: Let y = 16 − x 2  y  0  + = +
b e a f
Squaring we get, x 2 = 16 − y 2  x =  16 − y 2 e+b f +a
 =
For each y   −4, 4 , ' x ' is a real number, be af
0  y  4  R f =  0, 4 = Co-domain  af (b + e) = be(a + f)
 ‘f’ is an onto function.  (a, b) R (e, f)
Hence, R is equivalence relation.
 RELATIONS AND FUNCTIONS

OR   
13. Domain = R ; Range =  − , 
(b) For one-one  2 2
 4
Let f ( x1 ) = f ( x2 ) for some x1 , x2  R − −  14. (I) Number of relations = 26 = 64
 3 (II) Number of possible functions = 2 3 = 8
4 x1 4 x2 (III) R is an equivalence relation as it is reflexive,
 =
3x1 + 4 3x2 + 4 symmetric and transitive
OR
 12 x1 x2 + 16 x1 = 12 x1 x2 + 16 x2
Since f is not one-one function
 16 x1 = 16 x2  f is not bijective
 x1 = x2
 f is one-one
For onto let y  R, and for some x .
4x
Let y =
3x + 4
 3xy + 4 y = 4 x
 x ( 3 y − 4 ) = −4 y
4y 4y
x=− or x =
3y − 4 4 − 3y
4 4
x is real if y  . So R f = R −    Codomain (f)
3 3
So, f is not onto.
12. (b) 4