PHYSICAL

EDUCATION 2
QUARTER 3

(COMPILATION OF LECTURES, DISCUSSIONS

AND SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIALS)
 PHYSICAL EDUCATION QUARTER 3

MODULE 1: BADMINTON

Learning Outcomes: The objectives of playing badminton can vary depending on the individual's goals
and the context in which the game is played. Here are some common objectives associated with playing
badminton:
Physical Fitness:
✓ Improve cardiovascular health.
✓ Enhance agility, speed, and endurance.
✓ Develop overall physical strength and flexibility
Recreation and Fun:
✓ Enjoy the game as a form of recreation and leisure.
✓ Socialize with friends and have a good time on the court.
Competition and Achievement:
✓ Participate in competitive matches to test skills and tactics.
✓ Win matches, tournaments, or championships.
✓ Achieve personal bests in terms of performance and skill development.
Skill Development:
✓ Improve badminton-specific skills, such as smashing, net play, footwork, and shot
accuracy.
✓ Master different playing styles and strategies.
✓ Enhance racket control and coordination.
Team Building:
✓ Foster teamwork and cooperation when playing doubles or team events.
✓ Develop communication and understanding with playing partners.
Mental Focus:
✓ Enhance concentration and focus during matches.
✓ Developmental resilience and the ability to handle pressure situations.

Lesson Proper:

HISTORY OF BADMINTON

The game is named for Badminton, the country estate of the dukes of Beaufort
in Gloucestershire, England, where it was first played about 1873. The roots of the sport can be
traced to ancient Greece, China, and India, and it is closely related to the old children’s
game battledore and shuttlecock. Badminton is derived directly from poona, which was played by
British army officers stationed in India in the 1860s. The first unofficial all-England badminton
championships for men were held in 1899, and the first badminton tournament for women was
arranged the next year.

The Badminton World Federation (BWF; originally the International Badminton Federation), the
world governing body of the sport, was formed in 1934. Badminton is also popular
in Malaysia, Indonesia, Japan, and Denmark. The BWF’s first world championships were held in
1977. A number of regional, national, and zonal badminton tournaments are held in several
countries. The best-known of these is the All-England Championships. Other well-known
international tournaments include the Thomas Cup (donated 1939) for men’s team competition
and the Uber Cup (donated 1956) for women’s team competition.

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Badminton first appeared in the Olympic Games as a demonstration sport in 1972 and as an
exhibition sport in 1988. At the 1992 Games it became a full-medal Olympic sport, with
competition for men’s and women’s singles (one against one) and doubles (two against two).
Mixed doubles was introduced at the 1996 Games.

Ancient Origins:
Games involving a shuttlecock and a racket were played in ancient civilizations such as Greece,
China, and India.
In ancient Greece, a game called "battledore and shuttlecock" was played, and in ancient China,
a game known as "ti jian zi" involved hitting a shuttlecock back and forth.
British Influence:
The modern version of badminton is believed to have developed in British India in the mid-19th
century.
British army officers stationed in Pune, India, introduced a game called "Poona" to their friends
and colleagues. It was a simple game involving a shuttlecock and rackets.
Introduction of the Name "Badminton":
The Duke of Beaufort introduced the game to England in the early 1870s after discovering it in
Pune.
The game was played at his country estate, Badminton House, and eventually became known as
"badminton."
Formalization and Rules:
The Bath Badminton Club, established in 1877, standardized the rules of the game, creating the
first official regulations.
International Expansion:
Badminton gained popularity in British colonies, and by the late 19th century, it had spread to
other parts of the world.
In 1934, the International Badminton Federation (now Badminton World Federation, BWF) was
formed to oversee the rules and promote the sport globally.
Inclusion in the Olympics:
Badminton made its Olympic debut as a demonstration sport at the 1972 Summer Olympics in
Munich.
It became an official Olympic sport at the Barcelona Games in 1992.
Evolution and Modernization:
Over the years, badminton has undergone changes in equipment, rules, and playing techniques.
It has become a highly competitive sport with a strong presence in international competitions.

TYPES OF SHUTTLECOCK

There are primarily two types of shuttlecocks used in badminton: feathered shuttlecocks and
synthetic (plastic) shuttlecocks. Each type has its characteristics, advantages, and
disadvantages.

1.Feathered Shuttlecocks:

Materials: Typically made with feathers from the left wing of a goose.

Flight Characteristics: Feathered shuttlecocks provide a more natural flight path due to the
unique aerodynamic properties of feathers. They offer better control and a slower pace.

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Durability: Less durable than synthetic shuttlecocks. Feathered shuttles can be easily
damaged, especially during high-level play.

Cost: More expensive compared to synthetic shuttlecocks.

Commonly Used: Feathered shuttlecocks are commonly used in professional and high-level
competitions.

2. Synthetic (Plastic) Shuttlecocks:

Materials: Made from nylon or other synthetic materials.

Flight Characteristics: Synthetic shuttlecocks tend to have a faster and more predictable flight
path compared to feathered shuttlecocks. They are generally more consistent in different
playing conditions.

Durability: More durable than feathered shuttlecocks, making them suitable for recreational
play and practice sessions. They are less prone to damage from humidity or temperature
changes.

Cost: Less expensive than feathered shuttlecocks, making them a popular choice for casual
and amateur players.

Commonly Used: Synthetic shuttlecocks are commonly used in recreational play, training
sessions, and lower-level competitions.

TYPES OF GAMEPLAY

In badminton, there are various types of play or game formats, each with its own set of rules and
characteristics. Here are some common types of badminton play:

Singles:

In singles play, each player competes against one opponent.

The court dimensions are slightly different for singles compared to doubles.
Players need to cover the entire court individually, and tactics focus on exploiting the opponent's
weaknesses.
Doubles:

In doubles play, each team consists of two players, and they compete against another team of
two.
There are different service court rules in doubles, and teamwork is crucial for success.
Communication and coordination between partners play a significant role in doubles play.
Mixed Doubles:

Mixed doubles is similar to regular doubles, but each team consists of one male and one female
player.
Partners take turns serving, and there are specific court positioning rules for mixed doubles.
Casual/Recreational Play:

Informal badminton play can occur in various settings, such as parks, recreational facilities, and
backyard games.
Participants may play singles or doubles without adhering strictly to official rules, focusing more

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on enjoyment and social interaction.

Tournaments:

Competitive badminton is often organized into tournaments at different levels, ranging from local
to international competitions.
Tournaments can feature singles, doubles, and mixed doubles events, and players compete in a
knockout or round-robin format.
League Play:

Some regions have badminton leagues where teams or individuals compete regularly over a
season.
League play encourages regular competition and allows players to accumulate points for
individual and team standings.
Team Events:

Badminton competitions may include team events where multiple players represent a team.
Teams compete against each other in a series of matches, and the overall team performance
determines the winner.
Parabadminton:

Parabadminton is played by athletes with physical disabilities.

The sport follows similar rules to traditional badminton but with some modifications to
accommodate the needs of players with disabilities.
Speed Badminton (Crossminton):

Speed badminton, also known as crossminton, is a variation of traditional badminton played

outdoors.
The game features a different kind of shuttlecock, and there are no fixed courts, allowing for more
flexibility in play.
Street Badminton:

Played in urban settings, street badminton often involves a more relaxed and improvised style of
play.
Players may use public spaces like streets or alleys for a quick and informal game.
These various types of play offer flexibility, catering to different skill levels, preferences, and
settings, making badminton a versatile and enjoyable sport for a wide range of participants.

BADMINTON COURT MEASUREMENT

The standard dimensions of a badminton court are defined by the Badminton World Federation
(BWF). Here are the measurements for both singles and doubles play:
Singles Play:
Length: 13.4 meters (44 feet)
Width: 5.18 meters (17 feet)
Doubles Play:
Length: 13.4 meters (44 feet)
Width: 6.1 meters (20 feet)
Net Dimensions:
Height (at the center): 1.55 meters (5 feet, 1 inch)
Height (at the posts): 1.524 meters (5 feet)
Width: The net is stretched across the entire width of the court, which is 6.1 meters for
doubles and 5.18 meters for singles.

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Other Court Markings:

The court is divided into two equal halves by the net.
The service courts are marked for both singles and doubles play.
The service courts have different dimensions for singles and doubles play.
These measurements are standardized to ensure consistency in the game at all levels of
play, from recreational to professional. It's important for players to be familiar with these
dimensions to play the game correctly and for officials to enforce the rules consistently.
The court markings and dimensions contribute to the strategic aspects of the game,
such as positioning, movement, and shot selection.

RULES AND REGULATIONS

1. Serve: The game starts with a serve. The server must hit the shuttlecock diagonally to the
opponent's service court, ensuring that it passes over the net and lands within the boundaries.

2. Rally: After the serve, players hit the shuttlecock back and forth, aiming to keep it in play. The
shuttlecock must be returned before it touches the ground.

3. Faults: Various faults can occur, such as hitting the shuttlecock out of bounds, failing to clear
the net, or touching the net with the racket or body. If a fault is committed, the opposing
player/team receives a point or the right to serve.

4. Doubles Play: In doubles, each team consists of two players. The serving team serves from
the right service court initially and alternates after scoring points.

General Rules:
Scoring:
A match consists of the best of three games.
Each game is played to 21 points, and a player/team must win by at least two points.
If the score reaches 29-29, the side scoring the 30th point wins.
Serve:
The server must stand within the service court and hit the shuttlecock below the waist.
The serve must be diagonal, and the shuttle must cross the net into the opponent's service
court.
Only the serving side can score a point.
Faults:
A fault occurs if the shuttlecock lands outside the boundaries, fails to clear the net, or is
struck improperly.
Other common faults include a player's foot crossing the service boundary or a player
reaching over the net to hit the shuttle.
Service Rotation:
In doubles, both players on a team have the opportunity to serve, and the service
alternates between the two sides.
Change of Ends:
Players change ends after finishing the first game and when the total points of any game
in a match reach 11.

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Service Court Rules:

Service Court Dimensions:
The service courts are marked for singles and doubles play.
The width of the service court is different for singles and doubles play.
Service Faults:
If the server commits a service fault, the opponent gains a point.
Common service faults include serving from an incorrect position or having a faulty action.
Doubles-Specific Rules:
Receiving Order:
The receiving side decides which player will receive the serve.
The receiving side's players must not change their positions until the shuttle is served.
Serving to Receiver's Service Court:
The shuttle must be served to the diagonal service court of the opponent.
Service Court Boundaries:
The server and receiver must be in their respective service courts when the shuttle is
served.
Let Calls:
Let:
A let is called if a rally needs to be replayed due to unforeseen circumstances, such as
the shuttle hitting the net and landing in the opponent's court during a serve.
Code of Conduct:
Conduct:
Players are expected to follow a code of conduct and show sportsmanship on and off the
court.
Misconduct or violations can result in penalties, warnings, or disqualification.
These rules are essential for maintaining the integrity and fairness of the game. Players
and officials should be familiar with these rules to ensure that badminton is played
consistently and in adherence to the established standards.

Setting up a Badminton Court

Badminton has its own nets and posts; the net is much lower than for volleyball. Sometimes a
sports centre will set up the court with a slack volleyball net instead, because the staff don’t know
anything about badminton. Ask for proper badminton posts and a badminton net.

If you need to set up the court yourself, then check three things:

• The net covers the whole width of the court.

• The net is pulled tight, not slack.

• The net is in the middle, so that both court halves are the same size.

Often it can be hard to see the badminton court lines, because lines for other sports are also
painted on the floor. The badminton court lines should all be in one colour, so try to focus on that.

Singles, Doubles, and Mixed Doubles

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You can have either two or four players on a badminton court: one player on each side, or a team
of two players on each side. One-against-one is called singles; two-against-two is called doubles.

In doubles, either player can hit the shuttle; you do not have to take it in turns. The only exceptions
are the first two shots of the rally; I’ll explain this when we discuss serving.

In total, there are five types of badminton:

• Men’s singles

• Women’s singles

• Men’s doubles

• Women’s doubles

• Mixed doubles (each team is a man and a woman)

Men’s doubles and women’s doubles are also called level doubles.

These are the only types of badminton played in serious tournaments. In casual play, however,
women sometimes play against men (e.g. two women against two men).

What are all those lines for?

When you first look at a badminton court, you could be forgiven for thinking it has too many lines.
This is mainly because the court is marked up for both singles and doubles, which use slightly
different court sizes.

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✓ The outermost lines form the doubles court. So in a doubles rally, the shuttle is allowed to
land anywhere on the court.

✓ The singles court is slightly narrower than the doubles court. The singles side lines are not
the outermost lines, but the next ones in. Taken together with the outermost (doubles)
side lines, these make narrow alley shapes along the sides of the court. These alleys are
often called the tramlines or side tramlines, since they look like tram or train tracks.

So here’s another way to think about it: the side tramlines are in for doubles, but out for singles.

SERVING

Serving is how you start the rally: someone has to hit the shuttle first! To prevent the server gaining
an overwhelming advantage, there are special restrictions placed on serving that don’t apply
during the rest of the rally.

The receiver is the person who hits the second shot in the rally. In doubles, the receiver’s partner
is not allowed to hit this shot.

In badminton, the serve must be hit in an upwards direction, with an underarm hitting action. You
are not allowed to play a tennis style serve.

The main rule here is that when you hit the shuttle, it must be below your waist. To be exact, the
rules define this to be a height level with the lowest part of your ribcage. In other words, you can
serve from a bit higher than the top of your shorts, but not much.

SERVICE COURTS

The service courts are smaller box shapes inside the court. We’ll look at what they are used for
in a moment, but first let’s get the right boxes.

Notice that the badminton court has a line down the middle, extending from the back to near the
net; this is the centre line. At the front of the court, the centre line is met by another line; this is
the front service line. These two lines form a T shape where they meet.

A singles service court is a box made from four lines:

• The centre line

• A singles side line (inside side line)

• The front service line

• The back line (the outside one, all the way at the back)

On your side of the net, you have two service courts: your right service court, and your left service
court. The same is true for your opponent.

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The doubles service courts are slightly different. They are wider, because they use the outside
side line (remember: the doubles court is wider); and they are shorter, because they use the inside
back line.

That’s what the inside back line is for: doubles service, and nothing else. It’s probably the most
confusing line on a badminton court, because that’s all it does!

So just to be clear, a doubles service court is made from these four lines:

• The centre line

• A doubles side line (outside side line)

• The front service line

• The inside back line (not the very back line, but the next one in)

How service courts are used

Service courts are used for three things:

• The server must stand inside a service court.

• The receiver must stand inside the diagonally opposite service court.

• The serve must travel into the diagonally opposite service court.

For example, suppose the server is standing in his left service court. The receiver will be standing
in his left service court, which is also where the serve has to go.

If the serve is going to land outside the service court, then the receiver should let it fall to the floor.
If the receiver hits the serve, then the rally continues even if the serve had been going out.

The server and receiver must stay inside their service boxes until the server contacts the shuttle
with his racket. After that, they can leave the boxes immediately and move anywhere on court.

MATERIALS FOR BADMINTON

Various materials are used in badminton, ranging from equipment to the components of the court.
Here are the key materials associated with badminton:

Shuttlecock:

Feathered Shuttlecocks: Made from goose feathers, usually 16 feathers on a cork base. Feathers
are typically sourced from the left wing of a goose.

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Synthetic Shuttlecocks: Made from nylon or other synthetic materials. They have a skirt made of
synthetic feathers and a cork or plastic base.

Rackets:

Frame: Badminton racket frames are commonly made from materials such as carbon fiber,
aluminum, or steel. Carbon fiber rackets are popular for their lightness and strength.

Strings: Strings are typically made from materials like nylon, synthetic gut, or natural gut. The
tension and type of strings used can affect the racket's performance.

Net:

Net Material: The badminton net is usually made of fine cord or nylon. The net is stretched taut
across the court and is held up by a cord or cable running through the top of the net.

Court Flooring:

Indoor Courts: The flooring of indoor badminton courts is often made of wood or synthetic
materials, providing a smooth and non-slip surface.

Outdoor Courts: Outdoor courts may use materials like asphalt, concrete, or specialized
interlocking tiles.

Clothing:

Apparel: Badminton players typically wear lightweight and breathable clothing made from
synthetic materials like polyester. Clothing should allow for easy movement and comfort during
play.

Footwear:

Shoes: Badminton shoes have non-marking soles designed for indoor court surfaces. They
provide stability, support, and good traction.

Grips and Overgrips:

Grip Material: Badminton racket grips are often made of materials like polyurethane or synthetic
materials. Overgrips, which players wrap around the handle, are usually made from soft materials
for comfort and sweat absorption.

Bags:

Racket Bags: Bags designed for carrying badminton rackets, shuttles, and other equipment are
typically made from durable materials like nylon or polyester.

Accessories:

Headbands and Wristbands: These accessories are often made from absorbent materials to help
manage sweat during play.

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Shuttlecocks Tubes: Containers for storing shuttlecocks, typically made from plastic.

Markers and Lines:

Court Markings: The lines on the badminton court are usually painted or taped. The materials vary
but should provide clear visibility.

Electronic Scoreboards:

Scoreboards: In professional settings, electronic scoreboards may be used. These can be made
of various materials, including LED displays and durable casings.

These materials contribute to the overall experience and performance in badminton, from the
equipment used by players to the components of the court. The choice of materials often depends
on factors such as player preference, playing level, and budget considerations.

PART OF RACQUET WITH LABEL

SHUTTLECOCK WITH LABEL

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BADMINTON COURT WITH LABEL

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