Individual and Dual Sports

Badminton Game

Roberto B. Dionisio
Alfredo A. Julio

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 Table of Contents

Module 1: Badminton Game

Introduction
Learning Outcomes 1
Lesson 1.1 Definition of Badminton 1
Lesson 1.2 History and Background of Badminton 2
Lesson 1.3 Milestone of Philippine Badminton 4
Lesson 2 Facilities 7
2.1 Court 8
2.2 Post 8
2.3 Net 8
Lesson 3 Equipment
3.1 Racket 9
3.2 String 11
3.3 Grip 12
3.4 Shuttle Cock 14
3.5 Shoes 16
3.6 Clothing 16
Lesson 4 Warm-up and Cool-down exercises 17
4.1 The 3 Best Badminton Stretches 17
4.2 Most Common Badminton Injuries 18
4.3 Injury Prevention Strategies 18
4.4 Warm-up and Cool-down Exercises 19
Lesson 5 Badminton Skills
5.1 Grip 20
5.2 Footwork 20
5.3 Strokes 23
5.4 Service 24
5.5 Playing Strategy 26
Lesson 6 Badminton Rules and Regulation
6.1 Scoring 27
6.2 Safety/Etiquette 31
6.3 General Rules and Regulation
6.3.1 Serving 31
6.3.2 Serving Order Single 31
6.3.3 Serving Order Double 32
6.4 Badminton Officials 35
Lesson 7 Badminton Terminologies 36
Lesson 8 Governing Bodies 38
Assessment Tasks 41
Summary of Learning 41
References 42

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Course Code: PE 3

Course Description: The acquisition of skills on recreational activities

such as individual and dual sports as well as the administration of sports
conditioning exercises which are designed to develop physical fitness of the
students are the focus of this course.

Course Intended Learning Outcomes (CILO):

At the end of this course, the students should be able to:

1. Demonstrate different skills in sports activities

2. Explain spatial awareness, movement principles during play and the

physical benefits of play.

3. Demonstrate proper procedures, etiquette and sportsmanship

during the activity.

4. Assess their skills in sports in order to identify their level of

performance.

5. Exhibit desirable character traits while applying the guiding

principles in individual and dual sports.

Course Requirements:

 Assessment Tasks - 60%

 Major Exams - 40%
_________

Periodic Grade 100%

Final Grade = Total CS + Final Exam x 70% + 30% of the Midterm

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 MODULE 1

Badminton Game

Introduction

Sports may be limited due to pandemic so this module was created for online
learning instructions purposes to ensure that learning continues.
Students will learn and understand basic skills, rules, strategy and etiquette of
individual/dual sports and incorporates those into structured games.
This course will equip students not only with an understanding and appreciation of
badminton but also with an enjoyable experience of this dual sport. This will further engage
them with training to acquire the skills to master the game.

Learning Outcomes

After completing this module, the students are expected to:

1. Identify and expound on the must have of badminton as a game, and the underlying
rules vital in playing this sport both for relaxation and competitive purposes;
2. Enjoy playing badminton as a recreational sport; and
3. Understand how badminton develops as a sport.

LESSON 1.1. Definition of Badminton Game

Badminton a racquet sport is played by hitting a shuttlecock across a net. There are
two forms namely “singles” and “doubles”. “Singles” is played with one player in each side
while the other one “doubles” refers to a badminton game with two players competing in each
side. Aside from the above categories, badminton can also be played with larger teams which

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means players can exceed to two players in each side. This sport can be played at any places
spacious enough for the desired number of players, like beach, an outdoor yard, or a sports
complex. For formal games, this is played in a rectangular indoor court. A player gets a point
when a shuttlecock hit with the racquet lands to the opposing side’s half of court (Badminton,
2009).

It is important to note that in this game, a player gets only one chance to strike the
shuttlecock before he passes it over the net. When the shuttlecock landed on the floor, the
play ends. The other reason that will stop the play is when a fault is called by an umpire, a
service judge or the opposing side (Badminton, 2009).

The shuttlecock is an important equipment used in badminton. This may be feathered

or plastic. For competitions, feathered shuttlecock is preferred for it flies higher and it has a
capacity to slowly move downward (Badminton, 2009).

Badminton, originally played with battledore and shuttlecock developed in British India.
This game gains popularity in Asia with China dominating recent competitions. This game is
recognized as a Summer Olympic sport since 1992. It consists of five events: men's singles,
women's singles, men's doubles, women's doubles, and mixed doubles. To stay in the game,
a player needs to be physically fit requiring endurance, speed and precision, and good motor
coordination (Badminton, 2009).

LESSON 1.2. History and Background of Badminton Game

An 1804 depiction of battledore and shuttlecock

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 An 1854 depiction of battledore and shuttlecock by John Leech

Badminton game developed among the British in the middle of 19 th century

which was originally played with battledore (an obsolete term for racquet) and
shuttlecock. As early as 1850, ball badminton using wool ball instead of shuttlecock
was being played in Thanjavurin in India (Badminton, 2009).

The game in the early times was called Poona or Poonah named after a
garrison town Pune where it became popular and where the first rules of the game
originated in 1873. Sometime in 1875, Folkestone, a badminton club was formed by
a group of returning officers. It started with players of 1-4 members in each side. Later
they realized that it is best to play it with two members in each side. During that time,
they used shuttlecock coated with India rubber and set up net that touches the ground
(Badminton, 2009).

Pune rules were used until 1887. It was revised by Hart and Bagnel Wild in 1890. In
1893, The Badminton Association of England officially released these rules and introduced a
sport called “Dunbar in Portsmouth on 13 September. The said group initiated the first
badminton competition, the All England Open Badminton Championship. In 1899, the
competitions include events for gentlemen’s doubles, ladies doubles, and mixed doubles. The
following year, 1990, they added an event for singles competition. Later in 1904, England-
Ireland championship match came out.

The International Badminton Federation in 1934, now known as

the Badminton World Federation were founded by England. Scotland, Wales,
Canada, Denmark, France, Ireland, the Netherlands and New Zealand. Year 1936,

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India became part of the federation. International badminton is now governed by
BWF. In Europe, Denmark is on top for men’s badminton although this game first
started in England. Asian Nations like China, Denmark, India, Indonesia, Malaysia,
and South Korea consistently trained world-class players in the past few decades,
with China leading in men's and women's competition recently (Badminton, 2009).

LESSON 1.3. Milestones in Philippine Badminton

Badminton is not new in the Philippines. Long before, this game is already a common
game played by all types of people in all ages. In fact, the International Badminton Federation
(IBF) has recognized our country as its 21st member as early as 1950. That was the start of
our country’s participation in international tournament.

Vinarao (2015) outlined the milestones in badminton in the Philippines

1920- Badminton was introduced in the Philippines by British and American

expatriates.

1949- Mr. Adriano Torres was declared the first winner in Men’s singles

1950- The Philippines joined the International Badminton Federation (IBF).

The Philippines is the 21st country to join this federation.

1952- The Philippine Badminton Association (PBA), the first national badminton
group, was organized. There are 28 badminton clubs that joined effort to
organize it.

1962- Stephen Cheng and Johnny Yan were declared the Philippines first
doubles champions at the Hongkong Open.

1966- It’s when the first team championship in Men’s division

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 was won by the Philippine team during the triangular meet in that year.
Included in the team were Armando Yanga, Conrado Co, Jaime Gapas,
Renato Navarro, and Danny So. Among the participating countries
were Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, and the Philippines.

1979- The Philippine team first joined the World Badminton Championship at
Hang Chao, China. Part of the Philippine team, Errol Chan ranked 16 out
of 66 participants in men’s singles event out

1981- The Philippines hosted the SEA Games (Southeast Asian Games) which
was also our country’s first time to join such competition.

1983- The Philippine team had its first international training at Fu Chow, China.

1984- The Philippines take part in the Thomas Cup tournament.

1992- Melvin Llanes was proclaimed first Philippine champion during the Prince
Juniors Championship for 16-under age group. In the same year, our country
first joined in the Uber Cup games and won over Tanzania.

1995- The Philippines sent Weena Lim and Kennie Asuncion as entry for ladies
doubles in the Australian International Championship (IBF-sanctioned
international tournament). They got the gold medal.

1996- Weena Lim qualified to join in the Atlanta Olympics.

Asian Badminton Confederation (ABC) accredited Manolito Saldivar of Siliman
as first Filipino umpire.

1997- Ben Domingo, Jr. became the first Filipino IBF-accredited referee.

- Weena Lim and Kennie Asuncion, first Philippine entry for women’s double
qualified for quarter finals in the three -star Vietnam Open (IBF star event).

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 - Weena Lim and Kennie Asuncion won bronze medals in the women’s doubles
in Jakarta Sea Games.

- The Philippine badminton team won its first team victory over an original
ASEAN country in Jakarta SEA Games. The Philippines scores 3-2 in mens’
team event over Singapore.

- The Philippine men's team beats second runner-up in the men's team event
Jakarta SEA Games. Those in the team were: Melvin Llanes, Jaime Llanes,
Arolas Amahit, Ian Piencenaves, Kennevic Asuncion, Rhamir Antonio, Anthony
Abe and Naresh Ramnani.

1998- Philippine ladies team won over Mauritus a 3-2 score in the Uber Cup S
Asian Zonal Championship.
- The Philippines hosted the Asian Preliminaries of the Thomas Cup and Uber
Cup with 19 countries and 15 countries participating, respectively.
- Our country’s men's team won over Japan scoring 5-0 in the Thomas Cup
Asian Zonal Championship.

2001- Kennevic Asuncion brought the first bronze medal in the men's singles and
mixed doubles individual event in the 2001 Bangkok Open.

2002- Kennevic Asuncion brought home a silver medal for the men's singles
individual event in the 11th Asian University Games held at the Ateneo de
Manila.
Kennevic and Kennie Asuncion were awarded bronze medals in the men's
singles and mixed doubles individual events in Canada Open in
Vancouver, British Columbia,

- Kennie Asuncion and Weena Lim got the first bronze medal for the Philippines
in the women's doubles individual event in the 2002 US Open in Orange
County, California,
-

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 2003- Kennevic and Kennie Asuncion qualified and participated in both men's
singles and mixed doubles individual events in the 13th World
Championships in Birmingham.

LESSON 2. Facilities

In the Laws of Badminton (2019), the facilities in badminton were described as follows:
2.1 The court is rectangular and divided into halves by a net. Courts are usually marked
for both singles and doubles play, although badminton rules permit a court to be marked for
singles only. The doubles court is wider than the singles court, but both are of same length.
The exception, which often causes confusion to newer players, is that the doubles court has
a shorter serve-length dimension.

The full width of the court is 6.1 meters (20 ft), and in singles this width is reduced to
5.18 metres (17 ft). The full length of the court is 13.4 meters (44 ft). The service courts are
marked by a centre line dividing the width of the court, by a short service line at a distance of
1.98 meters (6 ft 6 inch) from the net, and by the outer side and back boundaries. In doubles,
the service court is also marked by a long service line, which is 0.76 meters (2 ft 6 inch) from
the back boundary.

The net is 1.55 meters (5 ft 1 inch) high at the edges and 1.524 meters (5 ft) high in
the center. The net posts are placed over the doubles sidelines, even when singles is played.

The minimum height for the ceiling above the court is not mentioned in the Laws of
Badminton. Nonetheless, a badminton court will not be suitable if the ceiling is likely to be hit
on a high serve.

Although courts can be set outdoors, competitive badminton is generally played

indoor where the wind and other elements will not affect the shuttle. The official badminton
court is 20 ft. wide, while the singles court is 17 ft. wide (Laws of Badminton, 2019).

 Back-court – also called rear court. The back-court is 8 ft. of the court, including the
back alley.

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  Baseline – also called back line; back boundary line at each end of the end of the
court parallel to the net and the doubles long service line.
 Long Service Line – in singles, the back boundary line; in doubles, the line 2 1/2 ft.
inside the back boundary line. Any serve landing behind this line is out.
 Mid-Court – the middle third of the court from the short service line to the back third,
a distance of about 7 1/2 ft.
 Service Shot – area into where the service must be declined. A service may be made
to the right or left service court depending on the score.
 Short Service Line – the line 6 1/2 ft. from and parallel to the net. A serve must land
on or behind it to be legal.

https://sports.stackexchange.com/

2.2. Posts – the posts should stand 1.55 m. (5 ft., 1 in.) in height from the surface of
the court. They must be placed on the doubles sidelines. For singles as well as for doubles,
they must also be firm to take the necessary tension when the net is strained across to its full

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height. There should be no gap between the post and the net through which a shuttle could
pass. This can be ensured by the use of hooks down the inside of the ports and a draw-cord
along the bottom of the net (Laws of Badminton, 2019).

2.3. Net – At all times, this should be strained tightly so that its height from the floor is
1.524 (5 ft.) long at the post. A measuring rod, should be kept by the umpire’s chair to facilitate
regular testing to ensure the net is still and its correct central height and has not sagged (Laws
of Badminton, 2019).

LESSON 3. Equipment

3.1 RACKET

Springer Link https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-21735-2_1

Most rackets are made from light man-made materials such as aluminum or graphite.
Some people reckon, the lighter the racquet the better, although that isn’t always the case.
Badminton racket is quite light and can be made of wood, aluminum, metal or synthetic
materials such as graphite or carbon. A synthetic racket is quite popular now because of its
extreme lightness and strength (Laws of Badminton, 2019).
A badminton racket weighs roughly 80-87 grams (2.8 – 3.1 oz.) and is 68 cm. in length.

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 The frame of the racket, including the handle, must not be longer than 680mm or 220cm wide.
The hitting surface must be flat and consist of a pattern of crossed strings connected
to the frame.
The strung surface must not be more than 280m long and 220mm. wide.
Most rackets are strung with synthetic material such as nylon but some top players still
use natural animal gut (Laws of Badminton, 2019).

Parts of the Racket (Laws of Badminton, 2019)

 Stringed Area – is extended to hit the shuttle. It is of uniform pattern and does not exceed 280
mm. in length and 220 mm. in width.
 Head– bounds the stringed area.
 Throat – connects the shaft to the head.
 Shaft – connects the handle to the head
 Ferrule – firmly connects the shaft and the handle.
 Handle – is intended for a player’s grip
 Butt – is located at the tip of the handle
 Frame – includes the head, the throat, the shaft and the handle. It is no more than 680 mm.
or wider than 220 mm.

Badminton Rackets come in different weight classes with ‘U’ being the indicator. The
usual and most common badminton racket weighs between 80-95 g.
Skillful player usually prefers a heavier racket. Heavier racket accumulates more
momentum and effective in transferring optimum speed and power to the shuttlecock (Laws
of Badminton, 2019).
Lightweight rackets are recommended for beginners as they are easier on the wrist
and shoulder for easier control. For more of club or social players, lighter racket is suitable as
it allows player to deliver quick serve and let player switch to different strokes easily.
According to www.yangyang-rg.com (2017), the most common Badminton Racket in
the market nowadays is 3U (85-89 g) and 4U (80-84 g) options.
Badminton rackets are lightweight, with top quality racquets weighing between 80 and
95 grams not including grip or strings. They are composed of many different materials ranging
from carbon fiber composite (graphite reinforced plastic) to solid steel, which may be
augmented by a variety of materials. Carbon fiber has an excellent strength to weight ratio, is

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stiff, and gives excellent kinetic energy transfer. Before the adoption of carbon fiber
composite, racquets were made of light metals such as aluminum. Earlier still, racquets were
made of wood. Cheap racquets are still often made of metals such as steel, but wooden
racquets are no longer manufactured for the ordinary market, because of their excessive mass
and cost. Nowadays, nanomaterial’s such as fullerene and carbon nanotubes are added to
racquets giving them greater durability.
There is a wide variety of racquet designs, although the laws limit the racquet size and
shape. Different racquets have playing characteristics that appeal to different players. The
traditional oval head shape is still available, but an isometric head shape is increasingly
common in new racquets (Badminton, 2009).

3.2 STRING
Li (2015) described the badminton strings as thin, high performing strings with
thicknesses ranging from about 0.62 to 0.73 mm. Thicker strings are more durable, but many
players prefer the feel of thinner strings. String tension is normally in the range of 80 to
160 N (18 to 36 lbf). Recreational players generally string at lower tensions than
professionals, typically between 80 and 110 N (18 and 25 lbf). Professionals string between
about 110 and 160 N (25 and 36 lbf). Some string manufacturers measure the thickness of
their strings under tension so they are actually thicker than specified when slack. Ashaway
Micro power is actually 0.7mm but Yonex BG-66 is about 0.72mm.
It is often argued that high string tensions improve control, whereas low string tensions
increase power. The arguments for this generally rely on crude mechanical reasoning, such
as claiming that a lower tension string bed is more bouncy and therefore provides more power.
This is in fact incorrect, for a higher string tension can cause the shuttle to slide off the racquet
and hence make it harder to hit a shot accurately. An alternative view suggests that the
optimum tension for power depends on the player: the faster and more accurately a player
can swing their racquet, the higher the tension for maximum power. Neither view has been
subjected to a rigorous mechanical analysis, nor is there clear evidence in favor of one or the
other. The most effective way for a player to find a good string tension is to experiment.

A common mistake most people make is to string at too high of a tension because of
their ego. Since it is harder to generate power at high tensions, the player will often use

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excessive force in order to generate power and may result in an injury to the shoulder or they
may develop tennis elbow (Li, 2015).

Here is a suggestion for string tension for different levels of players:

Beginner: 17lbs-20lbs
Intermediate: 20lbs-24lbs
Advanced: 24lbs-27lbs
Professional/International: 27lbs – 30lbs+

For those that play with plastic shuttles, it is recommended to lower your tension by 1-
2lbs. A plastic shuttle generally requires more effort to clear to the baseline because they are
heavier and fly differently compared to feather shuttles. Lowering the string tension will give
you the extra power that you need to help you with clears (Li, 2015).

3.3 GRIP
In Li (2015), it was stated that the choice of grip allows a player to increase the
thickness of their racquet handle and choose a comfortable surface to hold. A player may
build up the handle with one or several grips before applying the final layer.
Players may choose between a varieties of grip materials. The most common choices
are PU synthetic grips or toweling grips. Grip choice is a matter of personal preference.
Players often find that sweat becomes a problem; in this case, a drying agent may be applied
to the grip or hands, sweatbands may be used, the player may choose another grip material
or change his/her grip more frequently.
There are two main types of grip: replacement grips and overgrips. Replacement grips
are thicker, and are often used to increase the size of the handle. Overgrips are thinner (less
than 1 mm), and are often used as the final layer. Many players, however, prefer to use
replacement grips as the final layer. Toweling grips are always replacement grips.
Replacement grips have an adhesive backing, whereas overgrips have only a small patch of
adhesive at the start of the tape and must be applied under tension; overgrips are more
convenient for players who change grips frequently, because they may be removed more
rapidly without damaging the underlying material.

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3.3.1 Handle Grip Size
The letters U (racket weight) and G (circumferential grip size) are seen on most
modern day rackets. These letters followed by a number are the racket specifications. Below
is a table of what they mean and what the letters and numbers are relevant to in terms of the
physical attributes of the racket. Grips should be big enough so that when holding the handle
correctly (like shaking someone’s hand), the tip of your ring finger shouldn't touch your palm.
These days, most manufacturers are making rackets in a single size, so if you find the grip is
too thin then you could apply some grips or overwraps to the handle until you find the grip that
you’re comfortable with.
Grip Codes Made Simple:
G3 = 95mm (large)
G4 = 89mm (medium)
G5 = 83mm (small)
These are for Yonex rackets and are not standard, for many manufacturers it's the
opposite way around (size increases with code), so best to research the manufacturer to see
what measurements they use. Most manufacturers now try to follow the Yonex G guide as to
not confuse most badminton players; they can vary slightly by about 0.25 inches. The most
common grip size is G4 (badminton-coach.co.uk, n.d.).

https://flybyknight.in/

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3.4 SHUTTLECOCK

3.4.1. A shuttlecock (often abbreviated to shuttle; also called a birdie) is a high-drag projectile,
with an open conical shape: the cone is formed from sixteen overlapping feathers embedded
into a rounded cork base. The cork is covered with thin leather or synthetic
material. Synthetic shuttles are often used by recreational players to reduce their costs as
feathered shuttles break easily. These nylon shuttles may be constructed with either natural
cork or synthetic foam base, and a plastic skirt (Shuttlecock, 2012).

Badminton rules also provide testing a shuttlecock for the correct speed:

3.4.2. To test a shuttlecock, hit a full underhand stroke which makes contact with the
shuttlecock over the back boundary line. The shuttlecock shall be hit at an upward angle and
in a direction parallel to the side lines.
3.4.3. A shuttlecock of the correct speed will land not less than 530 mm and not more than
990 mm short of the other back boundary line.

https://www.khelmart.com/Resource/Best-Yonex-Shuttlecocks-in-2018_1.aspx

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 https://www.thebadmintonguide.com/badminton-game-rules/

3.5 SHOES

As cited in Badminton-Sports and Equipment (2020), badminton shoes as lightweight

with soles of rubber or similar high-grip, non-marking materials. Compared to running shoes,
badminton shoes have little lateral support. High levels of lateral support are useful for
activities where lateral motion is undesirable and unexpected. Badminton, however, requires
powerful lateral movements. A highly built-up lateral support will not be able to protect the foot
in badminton; instead, it will encourage catastrophic collapse at the point where the shoe's
support fails, and the player's ankles are not ready for the sudden loading, which can cause
sprains. For this reason, players should choose badminton shoes rather than general trainers
or running shoes, because proper badminton shoes will have a very thin sole, lower a person's
center of gravity, and therefore result in fewer injuries. Players should also ensure that they
learn safe and proper footwork, with the knee and foot in alignment on all lunges. This is more
than just a safety concern: proper footwork is also critical in order to move effectively around
the court.

https://www.badmintonalley.com/Yonex

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3.6 CLOTHING
For casual to non-competitive players, a comfortable pair of shorts and cotton or dry-
fit t-shirt is sufficient. Some players may want to equip themselves with hand grips,
wristbands and ankle guards. Each of these items serves a purpose and might also
add a color to the entire get-up. When it comes to badminton equipment, select what
is appropriate before turning your attention to aesthetics (Post, 2020).

http://www.schoolchalao.com/

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.LESSON 4 Warm-Up and Cool-Down Exercises of Badminton Game

General physical conditioning (warm-up and cooling down and flexibility exercises)

4.1 The 3 Best Badminton Stretches (Walker, 2019)

Badminton stretches are one of the most under-utilized techniques for improving
athletic performance, preventing sports injury and properly rehabilitating sprain and strain
injury. Don’t make the mistake of thinking that something as simple as stretching won’t be
effective.

Below are 3 of the best stretches for badminton; obviously there are a lot more, but
these are a great place to start. Please make special note of the instructions with each stretch,
and if you currently have any chronic or recurring muscle or joint pain please take extra care
when performing the stretches below, or consult with your physician or physical therapist
before performing any of the following stretches.

Instructions: Slowly move into the stretch position until you feel a tension of about 7 out of 10.
If you feel pain or discomfort you’ve pushed the stretch too far; back out of the stretch
immediately. Hold the stretch position for 20 to 30 seconds while relaxing and breathing

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deeply. Come out of the stretch carefully and perform the stretch on the opposite side if
necessary. Repeat 2 or 3 times (Walker, 2019).

Rotating Wrist and Forearm Stretch: Place one arm straight out in front and parallel to
the ground. Rotate your wrist down and outwards and then use your other hand to further
rotate your hand upwards (Walker, 2019).

Elbow-out Shoulder and Rotator Stretch: Stand with your hand behind the middle of
your back and your elbow pointing out. Reach over with your other hand and gently pull your
elbow forward (Walker, 2019).

Standing Toe-up Calf and Achilles Stretch: Stand upright and place the ball of your
foot onto a step or raised object. Bend your knee and lean forward (Walker, 2019).

4.2 Most Common Badminton Injuries

According to Walker (2019), badminton is not a contact sport, but due to the fast pace
of the game it can result in numerous sports injuries. Some of the most common injuries in
badminton include (Walker, 2019):
o Back sprains and strains;
o Ankle sprains;
o Achilles tendon strain;
o Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) sprain; and
o Rotator cuff injuries.

4.3 Injury Prevention Strategies

Walker (2019), cited that overall conditioning is essential to the badminton
player to help reduce injuries on the court. He also mentioned other injury prevention
strategies include:

o Always warm-up properly prior to training and especially competition.

o Allow an adequate cool-down period after training and competition.
o Playing on well-maintained courts with good surfaces will reduce lower extremity
injuries.

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 o Using good quality equipment and footwear.
o Strong muscles, especially in the lower extremities, will prevent many injuries caused
by the constant change in direction and explosive movements.
o Good endurance will help delay the onset of fatigue, which contributes to a high
percentage of sports injuries.
o Body mechanics training will help prevent chronic injuries that develop due to
misalignment issues.
o Good flexibility training will reduce injuries from tight and inflexible muscles.

4.4 Cited in Warming up and cooling down exercise (2019), appropriate warm-up and cool-
down periods are an important part of any exercise program. Cited are important point to
consider regarding warm-up and cooling down exercises.
A warm-up usually takes the form of some gentle exercise that gradually increases in
intensity.
When commencing a bout of exercise your body needs to make a number of
adjustments. These include:
o increasing your breathing and heart rate;
o increasing the energy-releasing reactions in the muscles; and
o increasing blood flow to the muscles to supply them with more oxygen and to remove
waste products.

These adjustments do not occur straight away, but require a number of minutes to
reach the necessary levels. So the purpose of a warm-up is to encourage these adjustments
to occur gradually, by commencing your exercise session at an easy level and increasing the
intensity gradually. If you were to start exercising at a strenuous level without a warm-up, your
body would be ill-prepared for the higher demands being made of it, which may cause injury
and unnecessary fatigue (Warming up and cooling down exercise, 2019).

The practice of cooling down after exercise means slowing down your level of activity
gradually. Cooling down:
o helps your heart rate and breathing to return towards resting levels gradually;
o helps avoid fainting or dizziness, which can result from blood pooling in the large
muscles of the legs when vigorous activity is stopped suddenly;

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 o helps to remove metabolites (intermediate substances formed during metabolism)
from your muscles, such as lactic acid, which can build up during vigorous activity
(lactic acid is most effectively removed by gentle exercise rather than stopping
suddenly); and
o helps prepare your muscles for the next exercise session, whether it's the next day or
in a few days' time.

LESSON 5. Badminton Skills

5.1 Types of Grip

1. Forehand – with the racket head perpendicular to the floor, shake hands with the “V” formed
by the thumb and forefinger is on the top of the handle.
2. Backhand – using a forehand grip, rotate the hand slightly so the thumb is along and parallel
to the wide side of the handle (Badminton Information, n.d.)

http://www.sportsandequipments.com/badminton/

5.2 FOOTWORK (Master Badminton, n.d.)

1. Move toward the shot with short steps and end with long stride.
2. Most shots are played with the body at right angles to the net.
3. In ready position the racket is held high, the knees are slightly bent, and the body weight is
on the balls of the feet.
Many people neglect badminton footwork because it might not seem important at all.

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You might hear some people say “why care about footwork when I can do a 300km/h smash”.
Are you thinking that way too? However, I would say that the footwork is THE most important
skill you should master. It’s even more important than smashing!
This is because an effective and organized footwork provides superb speed and agility
which enables the player to move around the badminton court swiftly and return every
shuttlecock. So what if you can do a 300km/h smash when you cannot even reach the
shuttlecock in time?
Playing badminton is all about speed. The shuttlecock can move extremely fast and
you must move faster than the shuttlecock to be able to hit it.

Effective Movement on the Court

Always remember your base (starting point) will be at the red dot in the middle. The
arrows indicate the possible movements around the court.
Every time you move away from your base to hit the shuttle, you MUST QUICKLY return to
your base to prepare yourself for your opponent’s shot
For instance, you move to point A to take a shuttle and then stay there. Your opponent
then returns the shuttle back to you at point B. You are less likely able to get to point B in time
from point A.
Conversely, if you quickly return to your base after hitting the shuttle at point A, you
will definitely be able to return the shuttle at point B.

Tips on How to Move Effectively (Master Badminton, n.d.)

There are many ways of moving out there but does this mean you have to know and
follow all? No, just be comfortable with your own style of moving around the court.
However, there are a few tips that I would like to share on your badminton footwork
 Take ONLY 2-3 steps when moving to the back of the court.

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  Stretch ONLY 1 step towards the sides of the court.
 Take ONLY 2-3 steps to the front of the court.
 Are you a beginner? Does it seem difficult to take so few steps? No worries, the key
is to stretch your legs as wide as possible while maintaining a good balance. If you are
a beginner, take more steps. Then slowly reduce the amount of steps you take as you
move faster while maintaining good balance.
 Maintain your balance: While one of your hands will be holding the racquet, keep the
other hand wide open. Not because it looks cool, it is because it helps in balancing.
This enables you to return to your base quickly.

 Good stance: When you’re in a ready position (before your opponent serves), make
sure one leg is in front and one leg behind, opened slightly wide (refer to the picture
above).
 If the shuttle is served to the front, use your toes of your back leg to push your
bodyweight to the front.
 If the shuttle is served to the back, use your front leg toes to push your bodyweight to
the back. This enables you to move fast once the shuttle is served.

Important Advice (Master Badminton, n.d.)

The idea is to quickly move to take the shuttle and then quickly return to your base.
Agility is important, but body balance is equally important. If you do not have good body
balance, you’ll lose time trying to stabilize yourself — in turn this gives you less time to return
to your base.

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All the above is merely a guide. There are no BEST ways for badminton footwork, you should
move in a way you are comfortable with and keep practicing.

5.3 STROKES
By using the same motion for all shots, the opponent is unable to detect what shot you
are going to make until the bird is actually hit. A good wrist action allows more power and
control with much less effort. A forehand stroke is one from the dominant side; the backhand
stroke is from the non-dominant side. The racket is swung back, the arm is bent with the elbow
up, the wrist is cocked, and the body weight is placed on the back foot. From this position, the
stroke is made by throwing the hand at the point of contact between bird and racket with
weight being transferred to the forward foot. If possible, shots should be made with an
overhand stroke (Master Badminton, n.d.).
1. Clear – a shot used to drive your opponent away from the net or forecourt or to slow the
game. The bird should fly above the opponent’s reach and fall within one foot of the baseline.
2. Smash – an attacking shot made at the limit of one’s upward reach and slightly in front of
the shoulder. At the moment of contact, the arm and wrist come down forcibly.
3. Drive – A flat shot kept as low as possible and is second only to the smash as an attacking
shot.
4. Drop Shot – Any shot that drops immediately after crossing the net. The descent of the bird
is controlled with little follow-through.
5. Net Shot – Any shot played as near to the net as possible, controlled by wrist and forearm.
The hairpin shot is an example of a net shot.

Situmeang (2017) Semantic Scholar Blog

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5.4 SERVICE (Starting Right - How crucial is the serve, 2020)

As the service marks the start of every rally and subsequently dictates its flow, it is a
crucial aspect of the game to get right in badminton.
These are the four main types of services in badminton and most can be executed
with either your forehand or backhand

1. Low serve
This low serve is almost a gentle tap over the net with the shuttle, with the aim of flying
just over the net, yet falling just over the front line of his service court. It must not be too high
or predictable, otherwise it would be easy for your opponent to do an outright smash or net
kill.

2. High serve
The high serve is a powerful strike upwards with the shuttle that aims to travel a great
distance upwards and fall deep at the rear end of the court.
Although it is a strong serve and the popular choice of beginner players, its a serve
that isn't so easy to disguise especially since you're using a forehand grip. Your opponent will
already expect the shuttlecock to land at the back of the court.
Do remember that shuttlecocks have to fall within the corresponding service areas and
this is different in singles and doubles.

3. Flick serve
This flick serve is also played upwards but at a much lesser altitude. It is most common
for players to use their backhand to execute the flick serve and the trajectory is lower as this
grip has less power.
The whole point of the backhand flick serve is deception, by mixing your serves up
and making it look like you're doing a low serve. For this reason, serving with your backhand
is thus very popular with competitive players.
It becomes hard for your opponent to predict if you are going to do a flick or a low
serve as your stroke will look exactly the same until the point of contact.

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4. Drive Serve
This is an attacking serve that is used by top badminton players like Lin Dan. The idea
is to hit the shuttle directly at your opponent, limiting their return options and catching them
off guard, winning you easy points. It's a good change of pace but it is also risky as if your
opponent is prepared, he could just smash the shuttlecock back at you.
This serve is executed with your forehand through underarm action and following
through. The shuttle should be dropped a bit sideways rather than in front of your body and
hit flatter.
Now that you've determined the type of serve you want to make, here are a four tips
on how to execute these serves well.
1. Keep your feet still
During the service, some part of both your feet must be in contact with the ground for
it to be a legal serve.

2. Disguise your shots

Make sure your stroke is the same up to the point of contact with the shuttle. This will
make your serve possible to predict only at the last possible second. Advanced players can
try to trick their opponent by making it deliberately look like you're leaning back and about to
do a high serve when you're really going to do a low serve.

3. Observe your opponents position

Is your opponent leaning towards the back already anticipating a high serve to the
rear-court? In that case, you may want to execute a low serve to catch him off-guard. Always
be aware of the position of your opponent. Try to imagine what he's expecting and do the
opposite to gain an advantage.

4. Mix up your serves

Using just one type of service will make you too easy to predict. Make sure you
incorporate at least two types of serves into your play. Once you've mastered the basic high
and low serves, you can learn the flick and drive serves to add more dimension to your play.

25
 Lin-Ming Chiang and Casebolt

5.5 Playing Strategy

A. Singles – serve long most of the time. Return a high serve with a drop or clear. Build the
game plan on a basis of alternate drop and clear shots, and then use the smash/drive as
openings occur. Run your opponent from the front to back and from side to side of the court
(Badminton, 2009).
B. Doubles – make shots, the return of which will leave an opening for your partner to play a
winning shot. Never play a shot that leaves your partner open to smashes. Always make an
attacking shot. This implies that all shots should be hit down. Most serves should be short and
low. Attack short serves when receiving (Badminton, 2009).
1. Side-by side – each partner is responsible for half of the playing court, net to baseline.
2. Up-and-back – one member plays the front portion of the court, operating from the
centerline and just behind the short service line. The partner plays the rear portion of the
court from the centerline and just in front of the double rear service line.
3. Up/back rotation – combines the two doubles’ strategies, using the side- by-side position
for defense, and up and back formation for attack.

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LESSON 6 Badminton Rules and Regulations

6.1 Scoring System: (Statutes I BWF Corporate, 2020)

Scoring System
 A match consists of the best of 3 games of 21 points.
 Every time there is a serve – there is a point scored.
 The side winning a rally adds a point to its score.
 At 20 all, the side which gains a 2-point lead first, wins that game.
 At 29 all, the side scoring the 30th point, wins that game.

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  The side winning a game serves first in the next game.

Interval and Change of Ends

 When the leading score reaches 11 points, players have a 60 second interval.
 A 2 minute interval between each game is allowed.
 In the third game, players change ends when the leading score reaches 11 points.

Singles
 At the beginning of the game (0-0) and when the server’s score is even, the server
serves from the right service court. When the server’s score is odd, the server serves
from the left service court.
 If the server wins a rally, the server scores a point and then serves again from the
alternate service court.
 If the receiver wins a rally, the receiver scores a point and becomes the new server.
They serve from the appropriate service court – left if their score is odd, and right if it
is even.
Doubles
 A side has only one ‘service’.
 The service passes consecutively to the players as shown in the diagram.
 At the beginning of the game and when the score is even, the server serves from the
right service court. When it is odd, the server serves from the left court.
 If the serving side wins a rally, the serving side scores a point and the same server
serves again from the alternate service court.
 If the receiving side wins a rally, the receiving side scores a point. The receiving side
becomes the new serving side.
 The players do not change their respective service courts until they win a point when
their side is serving.

If players commit an error in the service court, the error is corrected when the mistake is
discovered.

In a doubles match between A & B against C & D. A & B won the toss and decided to serve.
A to serve to C. A shall be the initial server while C shall be the initial receiver.

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Badminton Scoring and Serving Position (Statutes I BWF Corporate, 2020)
You should also know which area on the court you should be standing when making a service.
It’s very simple. You always serve diagonally to the opponent’s side. For example, in singles,

[Grab your reader’s attention with a

great quote from the document or
use this space to emphasize a key
point. To place this text box
anywhere on the page, just drag it.]

The next thing is where should I stand when I serve?

The player with an:
 EVEN number score (0,2,4,6…) serve from the RIGHT hand side area of the court.
 ODD number score (1,3,5,7…) serve from the LEFT hand side of the court.
A simple illustration is provided in the picture below.

This works exactly the same for badminton doubles. Since there will be 2 players each side,
this might look a bit complicated.

29
In doubles, players only switch areas to serve if they win consecutive points (Statutes I BWF
Corporate, 2020).
One side will have 2 players (player A and Player B). The score is 0-0 and the team will start
the game by making the first badminton service.

Scenario 1:
In the above picture, “player A” stands at the right hand side and their current point is 0, so
“player A” will serve from the right side.
If A and B wins the rally, the point will be 1-0 and “player A” will have to move to the left
hand side of the court to serve.
Now, “Player A” will make the service from the left side at 1-0.
Scenario 2:
Let’s go back to 0-0. Say “player A” starts the service. But this time, they LOSE a point to
their opponents. Their score remains at 0; their opponent’s score is 1. The opponent gets to
serve now.
Then during the next rally, “player A’s” side win the rally and bring the score to 1-1. This time,
“player B” serves** instead of “player A” (They DO NOT need to switch areas).
**Since 1 is an odd number, the player standing at the left hand side of the court will make the
service.

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As a beginner, it’s very normal to find yourself ‘lost’ while playing doubles. It’ll be useful to
have at least one player on court who is familiar with the badminton scoring rules to guide you
at the start. I promise you’ll be a pro at this after a few sessions of badminton.

6.2 Safety Etiquette (Statutes I BWF Corporate, 2020)

1. Keep a firm grip on the racket.
2. Be careful not to hit your partner with the racket.
3. Stay in your own court to avoid the possibility of collision with other players.
4. Stop play if other players enter your court.
5. Wait until there is a stop in the action to retrieve a bird from another court.
6. Be aware of the walls and the net posts.
7. Before play, agree on the boundaries and determine the first server.
8. Players call their own lines; replay the point if in doubt.
9. Shake hands after the game/match.

6.3 General Rules/Regulations as cited in Statutes I BWF Corporate (2020).

6.3.1. Serving
a. The server must keep both feet in contact with the floor at the time of the serve.
b. The bird must be contacted below the waist.
c. The racket head must be below the server’s wrist.
d. The server should not serve until the receiver is ready; the opponent is deemed ready if a
return is attempted.
e. Partners of the server and receiver may stand anywhere on the court providing they do not
obstruct the opponent’s view.
f. A bird that touches the net on the serve and goes into the proper service court is legal.
g. If the server misses the bird on the serve attempt, it still counts. In singles and doubles the
serve would go to the opponent.

6.3.2. Serving Order – Singles

a. At the beginning of the game (0-0) and when the server’s score is even, the serve will begin
from the right service court. When the server’s score is odd, the serve will be from the left
service court.

31
b. If the server wins a rally, the server scores a point and will then serve again from the
alternate service court.
c. If the receiver wins a rally, the receiver scores a point and becomes the new server. They
serve from the appropriate service court – left if the score is odd and right if it is even.

6.3.3. Serving Order - Doubles

a. A team will only have one player serve, per “service”.
b. At the beginning of the game and when the score is even (0,2,4,6, etc.) the server serves
from the right service court. When it is odd (1,3,5,7, etc.) the server serves from the left service
court.
c. If the serving side wins a rally, the serving side scores a point and the same server serves
again from the alternate service court.
d. If the receiving side wins a rally, the receiving side scores a point. The receiving side
becomes the new serving side.
e. The players do not change their respective service courts until they win a point when their
side is serving.
4. The winners of the first game serve first in the next game.
5. Birds falling on the lines are considered good.
6. During a rally, a bird that touches the net and goes over is in play.
7. A fault (violation of rules) occurs if:
a. On the service, any part of the racket head is higher than the server’s wrist and contact is
made above the waist.
b. The service fails to cross the net or go into the proper service court.
c. The feet of the server and receiver are not in the proper courts at time of service.
d. The server hesitates or stops (feint/balk) the service motion or misses the bird.
e. The improper receiver returns the bird on the serve.
f. A bird hit into the net, under the net, against the wall or ceiling is out-of-bounds.
g. A player hits the bird before it crosses the net.
h. The bird touches a player or clothing.
i. The player touches the net while the bird is in play.
j. The bird is hit twice in succession by one/both partners.
k. The bird is held, caught, or carried on the racket when struck.
l. A player obstructs an opponent.

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8. Let (a play allowed to be replayed)
a. The bird becomes caught in or on the net after passing over the net.
b. The bird hits the basketball supports or net.
c. The following situations occur before the next serve and if the offending side wins the rally:
1. The correct server serves from the wrong court.
2. The wrong server serves from either the correct/incorrect service court.
3. The correct receiver receives in the wrong court.

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34
6.4 Badminton Officials

Wu, (n.d.) cited that there are a total 10 to 13 officials in a badminton tournament. The
variation is on the line judges. The BWF is recommend to have 10 line judges per court. But
some tournaments will only have 8 line judges. They are including of 1 referee, 1 umpire, 1
service judges, 8-10 line judges.

In badminton, the referee is the most senior official. They are having the absolute
authority and they are in charge of all matters which affect play and the players – both on the
court and off the court. The referee is looked after the whole tournament. The umpire, service
judge, and line judges are all needed to report to the referee. In addition, the referee is also
having the authority in approving the practice and matches schedule and ensure the correct
implementation of rules and regulation according to international badminton standard.

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LESSON 7. BADMINTON TERMINOLOGIES

Wood (2008), defined the terminologies commonly used in badminton:

Alley – the extension of the court by 1 1/2 ft. on both sides for doubles play.
Back Alley – the area between the back boundary line and the long service line for doubles.
Back court – the back third of the court, in the area of the back boundary lines.
Backhand - any stroke made on the side of the body opposite the racket side
Balk – any deceptive movement that disconcerts an opponent before or during the service.
Baseline – the back boundary line at each end of the court, parallel to the net.
Bird – also called as the shuttlecock.
Block - placing the racket in front of the bird and letting it rebound into the opponent’s court.
Carry – an illegal tactic, also called a sling or a throw, in which the shuttle is caught and held
on the racket and then slung during the execution of a stroke.
Center or Base Position – the location in the center of the court to which a singles player
tries to return after each shot.
Center Line – a line perpendicular to the net that separates the left and right service courts.
Clear – a shot hit deep to the opponents’ back boundary line. The high clear is a defensive
shot, while the flatter attacking clear is used offensively.
Court – the area of play, as defined by the outer boundary lines.
Doubles - a game of four players, two on each team
Drive – a fast and low shot that makes a horizontal flight over the net.
Drop – a shot hit softly and with finesse to fall rapidly, and close to the net on the opponent’s
side.
Fault – a violation of the playing rules, either in serving, receiving or during play.
Flick – a quick wrist and forearm rotation that surprises an opponent by changing an
apparently soft shot into a faster passing one; used primarily on the serve and at the net.
Forecourt – the front third of the court, between the net and the short service line.
Forehand - any stroke made on the racket side of the body
Hairpin Net Shot – a shot made from below and very close to the net with the shuttle rising,
just clearing the net and then dropping sharply down the side. The shuttle’s flight
approximates the shape of a hairpin.
Half-court shot – a shot hit low and to mid-court, used effectively in doubles against the up-
and-back formation.
Home position - the ideal spot for awaiting the opponent’s return.

36
Kill – a fast downward shot that cannot be returned. Also called as “put-away”
Let – a legitimate cessation of a play to allow a rally to be replayed.
Long Service Line – in singles, the back boundary line. In doubles, a line 2 1/2 ft. inside the
back boundary line. The server may not go past this line.
Match – a series of games to determine a winner.
Mid-court – the middle third of the court, halfway between the net and the back boundary line.
Net Shot – a shot hit from the forecourt that just clears the net and then falls rapidly.
Odd and even courts - in singles, the right half of the court is “even” and the left half of the
court is the “odd.” When the even player is serving from the right the score is even, and odd
when serving from the left.
Push Shot – a gentle shot played by pushing the shuttle with little wrist motion, usually from
the net or mid-court to the opponent’s mid-court.
Racket – an instrument used by the player to hit the shuttlecock. Weighs about 80-87g. (2.8-
3.1 oz), is 680 mm. (26.7 in.) long and is made of metal alloys (steel/aluminum) or from
ceramic, graphite or boron composites, and is generally strung with synthetic strings or natural
gut.
Rally – the exchange of shots while the shuttle is in play.
Ready position - an alert body position enabling quick movement in any direction.
Receiver - the player to whom the bird is served.
Serve (Service) – a stroke used to put the shuttlecock into play at the start of a rally.
Service Court – an area into which the serve must be delivered, differs for singles and
doubles play.
Server - the player who puts the bird in play
Shot Service Line – the line 6ft. 1/2 in. from the net which a serve must reach to be legal.
Shuttlecock - the feathered/plastic object that is hit back and forth in badminton.
Sling - an untrue hit, usually because of the bird momentarily resting on the racket.
Smash – a hard-hit overhead shot that forces the shuttle sharply downward. The
Badminton’s primary attacking stroke.
Stroke - the action of striking the bird with the racket.
Toss/spin - the method of deciding which side will serve first at the beginning of the match.
Wood Shot – a shot that results when the base of the shuttle is hit by the frame of the
racket. Once illegal, but it has been accepted as part of the rules by the International
Badminton Federation in 1963.

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LESSON 8 Governing Bodies

The Badminton World Federation (BWF) is the internationally recognized governing

body of the sport responsible for conduction of tournaments and approaching fair play. Five
regional confederations are associated with the BWF (Wikipedia, n.d.):
 Asia: Badminton Asia Confederation (BAC)
 Africa: Badminton Confederation of Africa (BCA)
 Americas: Badminton Pan Am (North America and South America belong to the same
confederation; BPA)
 Europe: Badminton Europe (BE)
 Oceania: Badminton Oceania (BO)

Competitions

A men's doubles match. The blue lines are those for the badminton court. The other
colored lines denote uses for other sports – such complexity being common in multi-use sports
halls. The BWF organizes several international competitions, including the Thomas Cup, the
premier men's international team event first held in 1948–1949, and the Uber Cup, the
women's equivalent first held in 1956–1957. The competitions now take place once every two
years. More than 50 national teams compete in qualifying tournaments within continental
confederations for a place in the finals. The final tournament involves 12 teams, following an
increase from eight teams in 2004 (Wikipedia, n.d.).

38
 The Sudirman Cup, a gender-mixed international team event held once every two
years, began in 1989. Teams are divided into seven levels based on the performance of each
country. To win the tournament, a country must perform well across all five disciplines (men's
doubles and singles, women's doubles and singles, and mixed doubles). Like association
football (soccer), it features a promotion and relegation system in every level.
Badminton was a demonstration event in the 1972 and 1988 Summer Olympics. It became
an official Summer Olympic sport at the Barcelona Olympics in 1992 and its gold medals now
generally rate as the sport's most coveted prizes for individual players.
In the BWF World Championships, first held in 1977, currently only the highest ranked
64 players in the world, and a maximum of four from each country, can participate in any
category. In both the Olympic and BWF World competitions restrictions on the number of
participants from any one country have caused some controversy because they sometimes
result in excluding elite world level players from the strongest badminton nations. The
Thomas, Uber, and Sudirman Cups, the Olympics, and the BWF World (and World Junior
Championships), are all categorized as level one tournaments.
At the start of 2007, the BWF introduced a new tournament structure for the highest
level tournaments aside from those in level one: the BWF Super Series. This level two
tournament series, a tour for the world's elite players, stages twelve open tournaments around
the world with 32 players (half the previous limit). The players collect points that determine
whether they can play in Super Series Finals held at the year end. Among the tournaments in
this series is the venerable All-England Championships, first held in 1900, which was once
considered the unofficial world championships of the sport.
Level three tournaments consist of Grand Prix Gold and Grand Prix event. Top players
can collect the world ranking points and enable them to play in the BWF Super Series open
tournaments. These include the regional competitions in Asia (Badminton Asia
Championships) and Europe (European Badminton Championships), which produce the
world's best players as well as the Pan America Badminton Championships.
The level four tournaments, known as International Challenge, International Series, and
Future Series, encourage participation by junior players (Wikipedia, n.d.).

Leagues
The Premier Badminton League of India is one of the popular leagues featuring world's best
players (Statutes I BWF Corporate, 2020).

39
The Philippine Badminton Association is the national governing body for badminton
in the Philippines. The country joined International Badminton Federation in 1950 but
it was not until 1952 the country organized its association. Affiliations; BAC, BWF
(Philippine Badminton Association, 2020).

Notable players; Adriano Torres, Arnie Ladjai, Amparo Lim, Annelyn Alba, Kennevic
Asuncion, Kennie Asuncion, Paula Obanana.

Badminton tournaments in the Philippines

2020 Badminton Asia Team Championships
2001 Asian Badminton Championships
1997 Asian Junior Badminton Championships
Badminton at the 1991 Southeast Asian Games
Badminton at the 2005 Southeast Asian Games
NCAA Badminton Championship (Philippines)
Philippines Open (badminton)
UAAP Badminton Championship

40
 Assessment Task 1-1 Students Activities

 Prepare a 2-minute video presentation on badminton warm-up exercises accompanied

by music.
 Prepare a 2-minute video presentation on badminton skills such as serve, clear, drop,
smash and drive shot. You may invite your friends or relatives to join in this activities.
(Using “Badminton Skills Test Guide” to assess the student’s performance)

Summary of Learning

The badminton game is a sport which can be used as a recreation or can be used as
a form of competition. For both, this sport sticks to a goal of earning a number of points that
will end the match. This game is played by striking the shuttlecock aiming to pass it over the
net. The shuttlecock should be positioned in a well thought of way. The opponent on the other
hand should be able to strike the shuttle back correctly. There must be a number of “tactics”
applied to do this. Trainings, experiences and preparation contributes to the success and
satisfaction in playing this game.

Badminton matches can be played in two or three sets where players can be assigned
in half sets. The players’ goal is to win and quickly finish the game. A number of conditions
must be present to play it well. If these conditions are met, the expected game result happens.
An example is the application of a high technique going with a low physical level that
somewhat puts the level in between.

The player’s physical condition is an important consideration. This will help bolster the
game. Stamina, endurance and pace of movements give the power and strength in playing
this sport. In addition, the player’s mental state counts also. Mental qualities which support
badminton are self-consciousness, open mindedness, perceptiveness, imagination, attention,
mental stamina, and creativity.
Technical conditions are the other distinguishing factors in the game. Among these
are the automatic movements and reactions and effective and efficient movements. Some
tactical awareness is also required in playing which includes the use of oversight, insight,
imagination, anticipation, and creativity.

41
References

Badminton. (2009). Retrieved 6 September 2020, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badminton

Badminton Information, Badminton grip http://www.badminton-

information.com/badminton_grip.html

Badminton - Sports and Equipments. (2020). Retrieved 6 August 2020, from

http://www.sportsandequipments.com/badminton/

Badminton World Federation, Statutes 2018-2019 https://corporate.bwfbadminton.com/statutes/

Blog, T. (2019). Badminton Game Rules - What Are the Rules of Badminton?. Retrieved 5
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