IELTS THÊM PHẠM – WRITING TASK 1 – LESSON

WRITING TASK 1

LESSON 2: COMPARATIVE GRAPHS

DẠNG BÀI 1: SO SÁNH CÁC BARCHART:

SAMPLE 1: BARCHART WITH GENDERS:

CÁCH PHÂN TÍCH TỔNG QUAN SAMPLE 1:

Overview:

 Phân tích về tổng các cột của giới tính nào cao hơn, và cột có sự chênh lệch
lớn nhất giữa 2 gender là cột nào.
 Cột cao nhất của nam vs cột cao nhất của nữ.
 Cột thấp nhất cho cả 2 giới.

Body 1:

 Những mục mà nam có cột cao hơn. Sắp xếp theo thứ tự giảm dần.

Body 2:

 Những mục mà nữ có cột cao hơn. Cũng theo thứ tự giảm dần.

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SAMPLE ESSAY 1:

The graph illustrates the number of males and females participating in 6 different
kinds of sports in an English town in the year 2012.

It is noticeable that the number of boys taking part in sports was much higher that
of girls during the period given and the sport that saw the most significant
difference between the sexes was football. Interestingly, the majority of boys also
enjoyed football, while swimming was the most popular sport for girls. The least
common sport was hockey for both sexes.

There were four sports in which boys participated more than girls. Whereas 60
boys played football, the number of girls playing that sport was considerably lower
(around 20). With regard to tennis, the figure for boys who played that sport was
50 as opposed to just under 40 for girls. Similarly, more boys cycled than girls
(around 35 and 20 respectively). The difference, in terms of hockey, was minimal,
with only about 5 more boys playing that sport than girls.

On the other hand, more girls took part in the two remaining sports which both
showed a difference of about 10 between the genders. As many as 50 girls
preferred swimming in comparison to 40 girls for badminton.

PHÂN TÍCH CHI TIẾT SAMPLE 1:

Câu 2: Câu topic đoạn body 1: Nhận xét có bao nhiêu cột nam cao hơn nữ:

 There were four sports in which boys participated more than girls.

Câu 3: Dùng câu while để so sánh cột cao nhất của nam

 While 60 boys played football, the number of girls playing that sport was
considerably lower (around 20).

Câu 4: Dùng các linking words “ with regard to, in terms of”. Cột cao thứ 2 của
nam và so sánh với nữ. Dùng AS OPPOSED TO khi miêu tả số liệu.

 With regard to tennis, the figure for boys who played that sport was 50 as
opposed to just under 40 for girls.

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Câu 5: Cột thấp hơn tiếp theo.

 Similarly, more boys cycled than girls (around 35 and 20 respectively).

Câu 6: Sự khác nhau thấp nhất ở cột cuối. Dùng cấu trúc WITH + CỤM DANH
TỪ RÚT GỌN.

 The difference, in terms of hockey, was minimal with only about 5 more boys
playing that sport than girls.

Câu 7: Nhận xét về 2 cột nữ cao hơn. Sự khác nhau là bao nhiêu:

 On the other hand, more girls took part in the two remaining sports which both
showed a difference of about 10 between the genders.

Câu 8: Dùng so sánh bằng để diễn đạt số liệu. IN COMPARISON TO.

 As many as 50 girls preferred swimming in comparison to 40 girls for

badminton.

CẤU TRÚC NGỮ PHÁP – COMPARATIVE GRAPHS:

1. Mệnh đề và mệnh đề quan hệ rút gọn:

 There are 60 boys who played football.
 There are 60 boys playing football.
 There is a large difference in terms of tennis, with 60 boys playing that
sports compared to 25 girls.

2. Dùng linking word “With regard to/ In terms of/ Concerning/ Regarding/ With
respect to” khi muốn chuyển sang 1 đối tượng khác.

3. So sánh với more or less/fewer làm chủ ngữ:

Nếu là danh từ không đếm được, dùng less.
Nếu là danh từ đếm được dùng fewer.
 Fewer boys took part in sports in 2015 than 2010.
 Less beef was purchased in 2015 than 2010.

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4. Cách miêu tả sự chênh lệch giữa các cột:

 Sự chênh lệch nhỏ: The difference, in terms of hockey, was minimal/ slight/
marginal, with only about 5 more boys playing that sport than girls.
 Sự chênh lệch lớn: There is a significant/ considerable/ notable difference
between two sexes.

5. Khi số liệu bằng nhau:

 Similar: The percentages of females and males who took part in football
were very similar.
 A similar number of females and males took part in football.
 Same as …as: The percentages of females who took part in football was
almost exactly the same as that of males.

6. Các cách so sánh số liệu trong một câu:

 The figure for boys who played that sport was 50 as opposed to just under
40 for girls.
 More boys cycled than girls (around 35 and 20 respectively).
 As many as 50 girls preferred swimming in comparison to 40 girls for
badminton.
 On the other hand, more girls took part in the two remaining sports which
both showed a difference of about 10 between the genders.

7. So sánh sự đối lập giữa câu trước và câu sau:

 In contrast/ In comparison: Almost 50% of boys played football. In

contrast/ In comparison, tennis was much less popular with around 25% of
boys choosing this.
 However: Almost 50% of boys played football. Tennis, however, was much
less popular with around 25% of boys choosing this.
Note: However nên dùng sau chủ ngữ.

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8. So sánh số liệu cao nhất hoặc thấp nhất:

Khi miêu tả những số liệu cao nhất hoặc thấp nhất, thì nên dùng so sánh nhất
với “the highest/lowest number”

 The most popular kind of sports for boys was football.

 The least common kind of sports for boys was tennis.

9. So sánh GẤP MẤY LẦN:

Khi muốn so sánh số liệu của câu trước với câu sau mà nhiều, ít hơn một lượng
là bao nhiêu hoặc gấp mấy lần nhau:

 Twice : Twice as many girls enjoyed playing football. (Danh từ đếm được)
 Twice the amount of water was consumed by the Chinese in this period.
(Danh từ không đếm được)
 Three/four etc times : Four times as many girls chose to take part in tennis.
 Half : Half the number of boys preferred tennis.

PRACTICE 2: The graph shows data about the average Saturday sales of two
bakeries in London in 2010.

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CÁCH PHÂN TÍCH TỔNG QUAN PRACTICE 2:

Overview:

 Phân tích về tổng các cột của cửa hàng nào cao hơn.
 Cột cao nhất của hàng A vs cột cao nhất của hàng B.
 Cột thấp nhất cho cả 2 hàng.

Body 1:

 Những mục mà hàng A có cột cao hơn. Sắp xếp theo thứ tự giảm dần.

Body 2:

 Những mục mà hàng B có cột cao hơn. Cũng theo thứ tự giảm dần.

SAMPLE ESSAY FOR PRACTICE 2:

The barchart illustrates eight different types of items sold on average by two
bakeries in London on a typical Saturday in 2010.

It is noticeable that the number of items sold in Bernie’s Buns was generally
much higher than that in Lovely Loaves. Interestingly, the most popular item
in both bakeries was doughnuts, while toasted sandwiches were the least
consumed one.

While nearly 140 doughnuts were consumed in Bernie’s Buns, sale of these in
Lovely Loaves was slightly lower (at 120). The figure for cookies in Bernie’s
Buns was roughly 120 as opposed to just under 65 in Lovely Loaves. Similarly,
more cakes were purchased in Bernie’s Buns than in Lovely Loaves (just over
100 and 78 respectively). Rolls and Crisps saw a similar trend when the figures
for Bernie’s Buns were considerably higher than for Lovely Loaves, at around 77
and 45 in turn.

On the other hand, salads were more preferred in Lovely Loaves as their sale
was as three times as high as that in Bernie’s Buns, at 60 and 20 respectively. It
is noted that toasted sandwiches sold in both bakeries were nearly equal, with
around 22 sales. (192 words)
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NOTE:

Paraphrase từ “sales”:

Sell – oversell – consume – purchase – prefer

DẠNG BÀI 2: RANKING INFORMATION: SẮP XẾP THEO THỨ HẠNG

Most popular leisure activities

London, December 2008
Sport/ fitness activities: 62%
Play a team sport: 54%
Listen to music: 53%
Read: 46%
Use a computer: 38%
Play music: 2%

(Percentage of people who did this activity in December)

SENTENCES ON RANKING:

Các cụm từ khi miêu tả thứ hạng:

 In first/ second/ last place is/ was A, with …

 This is/ was followed by B and C, with … and … respectively.
 Z be not as popular as Y, with … and …. in turn.

 A is the number-one (activity), with …

 Next comes/ came …, with just over …, which is …
 The least popular (item) is/ was …, with ….

Các câu ví dụ khi miêu tả thứ hạng, có kèm theo commenting ở vế sau:

 Playing a team sport was the number-one leisure activity at 54%, making it
slightly more popular than listening to music at 53%.
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 Socializing was next at 20%, which was twice as popular as shopping, with
10%.
 54% of people said they played a team sport in December, slightly more than
the number who listened to music, with 53%.
 Second on the list were team sports at 54%, while listening to music was less
popular at 53%.
SAMPLE:

DẠNG BÀI 3: DEALING WITH SURVEYS AND QUESTIONAIRES

Với các bài tập liên quan đến “the result of a survey or questionnaire”, thì chú ý
các cách diễn đạt chủ ngữ như sau:

 45 people said they preferred….

 Just 10% of the people who were asked said….
 More than 20% of the people who completed the survey said …
 Over half of the respondents said ….
 Around a third of the participants in the questionnaire said…

PRACTICE 1: ON RANKINGS + RESULTS OF SURVEY:

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PRACTICE 2:

Practice 2: One example sentence for “Top Honeymoon destination”

 Thailand was the number-one destination, with 1410 couples choosing this,
making it slightly higher than Bali with 1335.

Giải thích ngữ pháp trong câu này:

 Sử dụng cấu trúc: with + N + Ving/ Ved: mệnh đề tính từ để bổ nghĩa cho vế
trước.

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PRACTICE 3:

Với các đề mixed charts:

 Viết mở bài với cấu trúc câu : “while”

 Phần overview: thì nhặt ra một đến hai thông tin chính từ mỗi chart.
 Phần body: Viết 2 đoạn văn tách biệt, mỗi đoạn phân tích riêng từng chart.

PRACTICE 4:

The bar chart compares consumer spending on six different items in Germany,
Italy, France and Britain.

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PRACTICE 5:

The bar chart shows average weekly spending by households in different areas of
England between 2007 and 2009.

PRACTICE 6:

The table below gives information about Favorite Pastimes in different

countries. (unit: %)

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PRACTICE 7:

The table below shows the consumer durables (hàng hóa dùng được lâu)
(telephone, refrigerator, etc.) owned in Britain from 1972 to 1983.

PRACTICE 8:

The table below gives information on internet use in six categories by age
group.

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PRACTICE 9:

The table gives the information how people in the different age groups spend their
free time per year in Someland.

PRACTICE 10:

The graph shows the participation rates in different leisure activities before the
interview by age.

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PRACTICE 11:

The table below shows the proportion of different categories of families living
in poverty in Australia in 1999.

PRACTICE 12:

The table below shows the amount spent on four consumer goods in four
countries, in thousands of dollars.

PRACTICE 13: The table illustrates how leisure time was spent in Ottawa
among different age groups in the year 2009.

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