Changes From ASCE 7-10 To ASCE 7-16

S. K.
Ghosh Associates LLC
Changes from ASCE 7-10 to

ASCE 7-16: An Overview
S. K. Ghosh Associates Inc.

Palatine, IL and Aliso Viejo, CA
www.skghoshassociates.com
-1 -
ASCE 7-16
ASCE/SEI
Minimum Design Loads and Minimum Design Loads and

Associated Criteria for Associated Criteria for
Buildings and Other Structures Buildings and Other Structures
PROVISIONS COMMENTARY
�ICC
- �KG�
1
S. K. Ghosh Associates LLC
This new web-based application

offers a better way to look up key
design parameters specified by
ASCE 7. Easy to use mapping
features allow you to quickly retrieve
precise hazard data for wind,
seismic, flood, snow, rain, ice, and
tsunami risk.
This new subscription-based

platform replicates the
provisions and commentary
of ASCE 7-10 and 7-16 with
enhanced features that make it
easier for engineers to work
with the standard.
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2
2012, 2015 International

Building Codes
""-I INTERNATIONAL
�fl�
\ "IBUILDING
2 015 INTERNATIONAL
Building Code·
Adopted ASCE 7-10 Adopted ASCE 7-10

with Supplement No. 1
-5-
□ The published version of ASCE 7-16 is adopted by

the 2018 IBC
□ Changes discussed in this seminar are those

beyond ASCE 7-10 including Supplements No. 1
and 2
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3
Changed to:
Minimum Design Loads and Associated Criteria for
Buildings and Other Structures
Section 1.1 Scope - changed accordingly.

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CHAPTER 1
General
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4
Changed to reflect change in title of standard.
DESIGNATED NONSTRUCTURAL SYSTEM: A

nonstructural component or system that is essential to
the intended function of a Risk Category IV structure,
or which is essential to life safety in structures
assigned to other Risk Categories as specified in this
standard.
5
PERFORMANCE-BASED PROCEDURES: An
alternative to the prescriptive procedures in this
standard characterized by project-specific engineering
analysis, optionally supplemented by limited testing, to
determine the computed reliability of an individual
building or structure.
SERVICE LOADS: Loads imparted on a building or

other structure because of (1) self-weight and
superimposed dead load, (2) live loads assumed to be
present during normal occupancy or use of the
building or other structure, (3) environmental loads
that are expected to occur during the defined service
life of a building or other structure, and (4) self
straining forces and effects. Service live loads and
environmental loads for a particular limit state are
permitted to be less than the design loads specified in
the standard. Service loads shall be identified for e
6
1.3.1.3 Performance-Based Procedures. Structural

and nonstructural components and their connections
designed with performance-based procedures shall be
demonstrated by analysis in accordance with Section
2.3.6 or by analysis procedures supplemented by
testing to provide a reliability that is generally
consistent with the target reliabilities stipulated in this
section.
�ICC
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Performance-Based Procedures:
Reliability
Moved from Commentary into Standard:
Table 1.3-1 C1 .3.1.3a Asseptable Target reliability (maximum annual probability of failure,
PF) and associated reliability indices 1 (�) for load conditions that do not include
Risk Category
Basis
II Ill IV
Failure that is not sudden and does not lead to PF= 1.25x1Q-4/yr PF= 3.0x10-5/yr PF= 1.25x10-5/yr PF= 5.0x10-6/yr
wide-spread progression of damage 13 = 2.5 13 = 3.0 13 = 3.25 13 = 3.5
Failure that is either sudden or leads to wide- PF 3.0x10-5/yr

=
PF 5.0x10-6/yr PF 2.0x10-6/yr
= =
PF 7.0x10·7/yr
=
spread progression of damage 13 = 3.0 13 = 3.5 13 = 3.75 13 =4.0
Failure that is sudden and leads to wide- PF 5.0x10-6/yr

=
PF 7.0x10-7/yr PF 2.5x10·7/yr
= =
PF 1.0x10·7/yr
=
spread progression of damage 13 = 3.5 13 =4.0 13 =4.25 13 =4.5

1 The target reliability iRGexes indices for a 50-year 88PliGe reference period, while the probabilities of failures have
been normalized. The equations presented in Section 2.3.6, Load Combinations for Nonspecified Loads, are based on
reliability indices for 50 years because the load combination requirements in 2.3.2 are based on the aG-yeaF maximum
loads for the 50-year reference period.
2 Commentary to Section 2.5 includes references to publications that describe the historic development of thes...-=.=-u.-1
reliabilities.
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7
Reliability
NEW!
Table 1.3-2 Target reliability (conditional probability of failure) for

structural stability due to earthquake
Conditional probability of failure due

Risk Category
to the MCE R shaking hazard
I & II 10%
Ill 6%
IV 3%
Reliability
NEW!
Table 1.3-3 Target reliability (conditional probability of failure) for

ordinary noncritical structural members due to earthquake
Conditional probability of component or

Risk Category anchorage failure due to the MCE R
shaking hazard
I & II 25%
Ill 15%
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8
New! 1.3.6 Fire Resistance

Structural fire resistance shall be provided in
accordance with the requirements specified in the
applicable building code. As an alternative, the
performance-based design procedures in Appendix E
are permitted, where approved.
New! Appendix E
PERFORMANCE-BASED DESIGN PROCEDURES
FOR FIRE EFFECTS ON STRUCTURES
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9
CHAPTER2
Combinations of Loads
Separation of Seismic Load

Combinations
□ Load combinations involving seismic loads are now
placed separately in new Sections 2.3.6 (strength
design) and 2.4.5 (ASD)
□ Seismic load E is now expressed in terms of Eh and
Ev
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10

Combinations
2.3.21 Basic Combinations. Structures, components, and
foundations shall be designed so that their design strength equals or
exceeds the effects of the factored loads in the following
combinations:
1. 1.4D
2. 1.2D + 1.6L+ 0.5(L,or S or R)
3. 1.2D + 1.6(L,or Sor R) +(Lor 0.5W)
4. 1.2D + 1.0W+ L + 0.5(L,or Sor R)
5. 1.2D + 1.0E + L + 0.2S
e5. 0.9D + 1.0W
7. 0.9D + 1.0E
- 21 -

Combinations
2.3.6 Basic Combinations with Seismic Load Effects. When a
structure is subject to seismic load effects, the following load
combinations shall be considered in addition to the basic
combinations in Section 2.3.1. The most unfavorable effects from
seismic loads shall be investigated, where appropriate, but they need
not be considered to act simultaneously with wind loads.
Where the prescribed seismic load effect, E = f(Ev, Eh) (defined in
Section 12.4.2 or 12.14.3.1) is combined with the effects of other
loads, the following seismic load combinations shall be used:
6. 1.2D +Ev+Eh + L + 0.2S

7. 0.9D-Ev+ Eh
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11

Combinations
Section 2.3.6 continued .....
Where the seismic load effect with overstrength, Em = f(Ev, Emh ),
defined in Section 12.4.3, is combined with the effects of other loads,
the following seismic load combination for structures shall be used:
-
6. 1.20 + Ev + Emh + L + 0.2S
Qi
-,
Q�
7. 0.90- Ev + Emh
-
--
Eh =
pQE
-
Ev 0.2S080
... ... ...
=
Emh = O o QE .. ..
- 23 -

Combinations
2.4.1 Basic Combinations.
1. D
2. D +L
3. D + (Lr or S or R)
4. D + 0.75L + 0.75(Lr or Sor R)
5. D + (0.6V1/or 0.7E)
6a. D + 0.75L + 0.75(0.6W) + 0.75(Lr or Sor R)
6b. D -t 0.75L -t 0.75(0.7E) * 0.75S
7. 0.60 + 0.6W
8. 0.60 -t 0.7E
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12

Combinations
2.4.5 Basic Combinations with Seismic Load Effects. When a
structure is subject to seismic load effects, the following load
combinations shall be considered in addition to the basic
combinations in Section 2.4.1.
Where the prescribed seismic load effect. E = f(Ev, Eh) (defined
in Section 12.4.2) is combined with the effects of other loads,
the following seismic load combinations shall be used:
8. 1.00 + 0.7EY: + 0.7E!1
9. 1.00 + 0.525EY: + 0.525Eh + 0.75L + 0.75S
10. 0.6D- 0.7EY: + 0.7E!1

Combinations
Section 2.4.5 Continued .....
Where the seismic load effect with overstrength, Em = f(EY.J.
Emh>• defined in Section 12.4.3, is combined with the effects of
other loads, the following seismic load combination for
structures not subject to flood or atmospheric ice loads shall be
used:
8. 1.00 + 0.7E
Y:
+ 0.7Emh
9. 1.00 + 0.525E
Y:
+ 0.525Emh + 0.75L + 0.75S
10. 0.6D- 0.7E
Y:
+ 0.7Emh
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13
CHAPTER 3
Dead Loads, Soil Loads,
and Hydrostatic Pressure
3.1.4 Vegetative and Landscaped Roofs

The weight of all landscaping and hardscaping
materials shall be considered as dead load. The
weight shall be computed considering both fully
saturated soil and drainage layer materials and fully
dry soil and drainage layer
materials to determine the
most severe load effects on
the structure.
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14
New! 3.1.5 Photovoltaic Panel (PV) Systems

The weight of photovoltaic panels, their support
system, and ballast shall be considered as dead load.
CHAPTER4
Live Loads
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15
4.1 DEFINITIONS
ROOF LIVE LOAD: ... A live load on a roof which is
occupancy related, such as for rooftop assembly
areas, rooftop decks, and roof gardens with
occupiable areas, shall be considered and treated as
a live load rather than a roof
live load.
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Single Multiple See

Occupancy or Use psf (kN/m 2) lb (kN)
Story Stories Section
Roof
Ordinary flat, pitched, and curved roofs 20 (0.96) Yes (4.8.2) - 4.8.1
Reefs lal68Q KlF FGef gaFd8AS 100 (4.79) ¥es (4.8.3) -

Roofs used for etl=leF occupancyies
Same as
occupancy served
Yes (4.8.3) -
Reefs 1aJsed klF etl=leF spesial l)lalFpeses See Sect. 4.8.3 Yes (4.8.3) - See Sect.
4.8.3
Vegetative and landsca12ed roofs
Roof areas not intended for human
occu12ancy
20 (0.96) Yes (4.8.2) -
-
Roof areas used for assembly 12ur12oses 100 (4.7) Yes (4.8.3)
Roof areas used for other occu12ancies

Same as
occu12ancy served
Yes (4.8.3) -
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16
Table 4.3-1 reformatted, removing all footnotes and

placing their text in new sections of Chapter 4.
Corresponding adjustments have been made in the
Commentary.
New! 4.17 PHOTOVOLTAIC PANEL (PV) SYSTEM

LOADS
4.17 .1 Roof Loads at Photovoltaic Panels
Roof structures that support photovoltaic panel
systems shall be designed to resist each of the
following conditions:
17
4.17 .1 Roof Loads at Photovoltaic Panels (Contd.)

• The uniform and concentrated roof live loads
specified in Table 4.3-1 with the photovoltaic panel
system dead loads.
EXCEPTION: The roof live load need not be applied

to the area covered by photovoltaic panels where the
clear space between the panels and the roof surface
is 24 inches (610 mm) or less.
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4.17 .1 Roof Loads at Photovoltaic Panels (Contd.)
• The uniform and concentrated roof live loads

specified in Table 4.3-1 without the photovoltaic
18
CHAPTERS
Flood Loads
5.5 CONSENSUS STANDARDS AND OTHER

AFFILIATED CRITERIA
ASCE/SEI 24, Flood Resistant Design and
Construction, American Society of Civil Engineers,
. ;... �
• Revised to 2014 Edition
Flood Resistant
Design and
Construction
- 38 -
19
CHAPTER 6
New/Tsunami Loads
Drawing of tectonic plate boundary before Overriding plate bulges under strain. causing•
earthquake tectonic uplift.
r"upnnu
HUI'('\. ,pt,4!w}
Plate slips, causing- subsidence an<l The energy released pro<luces tsunami
releasing energy into water. waves.
-40 -
20
When the wave enters:shallow

water. it slows down and its ampli)ude
(height} increases.
The wave further slows and 5J

ampnfies as it h.its land. Only the
largest waves er.est.
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21
Engineering Lessons For Design

of Structures from Past Tsunami
□ Structures of all material types can be subject to general and
progressive collapse during tsunami, but it is feasible to design
certain types of structures (material, system and size/height) to
withstand tsunami events.
□ Seismic design imparts significant benefits to the tsunami
resistance of the lateral force-resisting system.
□ Hydrodynamic pressure loading of high intensity and debris
impacts need to be considered.
□ Local structural components may need local "enhanced
resistance."
□ Foundation system should consider uplift and scour effects
particularly at corners.
-43 -
For the purposes of this chapter, Tsunami Risk

Categories for buildings and other structures shall be
the Risk Categories given in Section 1.5 with the
following modifications:
1. State, local, or tribal governments shall be permitted
to include Critical Facilities in Tsunami Risk Category
Ill, such as power-generating stations, water
treatment facilities for potable water, wastewater
treatment facilities, and other public utility facilities not
included in Risk Category IV.
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22
2. The following structures need not be included in

Tsunami Risk Category IV, and state, local, or tribal
governments shall be permitted to designate them as
Tsunami Risk Category II or Ill:
a. Fire stations, ambulance facilities, and emergency
vehicle garages;
b. Earthquake or hurricane shelters;
c. Emergency aircraft hangars; and
d. Police stations that do not have holding cells and that
are not uniquely required for postdisaster emergency
response as a Critical Facility.
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3. Tsunami Vertical Evacuation Refuge Structures shall

be included in Tsunami Risk Category IV.
Courtesy: Ian Robertson, Univ. of Hawaii

Concrete building survived tsunami, but roof 44 refugees, including several children,
evacuation area inundated by 0.7m water survived on roof evacuation area
23
6.1.1 Scope
The following buildings and other structures located within
the Tsunami Design Zone shall be designed for the effects
of Maximum Considered Tsunami including hydrostatic
and hydrodynamic forces, waterborne debris accumulation
and impact loads, subsidence, and scour effects in
accordance with this Chapter:
a. Tsunami Risk Category IV buildings and structures,
b. Tsunami Risk Category Ill buildings and structures
with inundation depth at any point greater than 3 ft
-47 -
6.1.1 Scope {Contd.)

c. Where required by a state or locally adopted building
code statute to include design for tsunami effects,
Tsunami Risk Category II buildings with mean height
above grade plane greater than the height designated
in the statute, and having inundation depth at any
point greater than 3 ft.
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24
□ The ASCE 7 Tsunami Loads and Effects Chapter is

applicable only to the states of Alaska, Washington,
Oregon, California, and Hawaii, which are tsunami
prone regions that have quantifiable hazards.
□ The Maximum Considered Tsunami (MCT) has a 2%
probability of being exceeded in a 50-year period, or
a ~2500 year average return period.
□ The Maximum Considered Tsunami is the design

basis event, characterized by the inundation depths
and flow velocities at the stages of in-flow and
outflow most critical to the structure.
□ The Tsunami Design Zone is the area vulnerable to
being flooded or inundated by the Maximum
Considered Tsunami. The runup for this hazard
probability is used to define a Tsunami Design Zone
map.
- 50 -
25
Tsunami Design Zone

Figure 6.1-1 Ts · Design Zone
• Inundation from the MCT
defines the Tsunami Design
Zone (IDZ)
· Probabilistic
inundation is based on
the "hazard consistent
tsunamis" matching
the offshore height and
return period
Courtesy: Gary Chock
New Hazard Tool
AS,CE 7 Hazard Tool

One. site I Precrse·data I Fast results
$:_ave lime and money with thfs'new web-based application
that"offers. a oett,er way to look up key ,design parameters
specified by Standard ASGE 7. Easy to use- mappirng
features altow yo1rlo qarckly retrieve preds.,e hazard data for
,1.find. seismic, flood, snow. rai,l"J, ice, and. ts1..mami" risk.
- 52 -
26
ASCE Tsunami-Resilient Design

Process
• Select a site appropriate and necessary for the structure
• Select an appropriate structural system mindful of configuration
and perform seismic and wind design first
• Determine the maximum flow depth and velocities at the site
based on mapped Runup or probabilistic tsunami hazard analysis.
• Check robustness of expected overall structural system strength
within the inundation height to resist hydrostatic and hydrodynamic
forces
• Check resistance of lower level elements for hydrodynamic
pressures and debris impacts to avoid progressive collapse
• Design foundations to resist scour and potential uplift
• Elevate critical equipment as necessary
- 53 -
BREAK!
If you have any questions,
please type them in
If you are encountering technical

difficulties, please call (847) 991-2700
-54-
27
Question and Answer Session
If you are encountering technical difficulties, please call (847) 991-2700
Chapter 7
Snow Loads
- 56 -
28
7.1.1 DEFINITIONS
□ Drift
□ Flat Roof Snow load
□ Freezer Buildings
□ Ground Snow Load
□ Minimum Snow Load
□ Ponding (Refers to Chapter 8 definitions)
□ Ponding Instability (Refers to Chapter 8 definitio
- 57 -
7.1.1 DEFINITIONS (Contd.)

□ R-Value
□ Slippery Roof
□ Sloped Roof Snow Load
□ Ventilated Roof
- 58 -
29
Maps replaced by tables for:

□ Colorado (Table 7.2-2)
□ Idaho (Table 7.2-3)
□ Montana (Table 7.2-4)
□ New Hampshire (Table 7.2-8)
□ New Mexico (Table 7.2-6)
□ Oregon (Table 7.2-7)
□ Washington (Table 7.2-5)
- 59 -
_�·--·=.._____
:�-- .. --....
E::'
----:-_..::..
:r::::--...=-c-----
S'E
..-•.-·..... ·-
- 60 -
30
□ For: Near ground level
□
decks, balconies, other
surfaces, roofs of
subterranean structures DECK SNOW
Ground snow height greater than
□ When: Height above deck height - design deck for l 5 p
ground surface is less
than ground snow depth
h9= p9 I y
□ Balanced snow = /5p9
- 62 -
31
7.7.3 Intersecting Drifts at Low Roofs

At re-entrant corners and parapet wall corners the
provisions in Section 7.7.1 shall be used to determine
the individual snow drift geometry. Where the two
snow drifts intersect, the larger snow drift shall govern
as shown in Figure 7-10. Intersecting snow drift loads
shall be considered to occur concurrently, except that
the two drift loads need not be superimposed.
7.7.3 Intersecting Drifts at Low Roofs
Figure 7-10. Configuration of Intersecting Snow Drifts at

Lower Roof
- 64-
32
□ Lower roof of
limited
dimension
Iu=24'
WIND >
L=10'
□ h d � 0.6*L
□ Corresponds to
30 degree angle
of repose for
snow
New! 7.13 SNOW ON OPEN-FRAME EQUIPMENT

STRUCTURES
LEVEL,V,HHO\HGRATIUGA.oo�,o,
!
R lATE
�� ;�
O
(BEAMFRAMIIJGONLY)
me)
WIJOORECTIOJ
LEFT TO RIGHT
P, FlATROOFStlOWLO/!D
��
�
- 66-
33
Chapter 8
Rain Loads
8.1.1 DEFINITIONS
Controlled Drainage - System intentionally regulating the
rate of flow through the primary drains.
Primary Drainage System - Roof drainage system

through which water drains off the roof when unblocked
Primary Members -Roof girder which supports any beam
Ponding - The accumulation of water due to the

deflection of the roof structure, resulting in added load.
- 68 -
34

Ponding Instability - Member instability caused by
progressive deflection due to ponding on roofs.
Scupper-An opening in the side of a building (typically
through a parapet wall) for the purpose of draining water
off the roof.
Secondary Drainage System - Roof drainage system at
an elevation higher than the primary drainage system.
through which water drains off the roof when the primary
system is blocked or not working.
- 69 -

Secondary Member- Roof beam which frames into and
is supported by girders
Susceptible Bay - A structural bay that is vulnerable to

overload from accumulated water
-70 -
35
Sec. 8.4 - Ponding Instability and

Ponding Load
Susceptible Bay Concept: As water accumulates, roof
deflection causes additional water to pond. If roof is very
flexible, ponded water can incrementally become deep
enough to cause collapse
Susceptible Bays:
1. Roof slope <1/4 in./ft, secondary members
perpendicular to free draining edge
2. Roof slope <1 in./ft, secondary members parallel to
free draining edge
3. Roof slope = 1 in./ft, secondary members parallel to
free draining edge, span/depth ratio > 16
4. Bays on which water accumulates when primary
drainage system is blocked, secondary drains are
still running
-72 -
36
Sec. 8.4 - Ponding Instability and

Ponding Load
Susceptible Bays:
1. Roof slope <1/4 in./ft, secondary members
perpendicular to free draining edge
Primary member
/
- Secondary member
perpendicular to free
draining edge
Free draining edge/

-73 -
Chapter 9
Reserved for Future Provisions
as in ASCE 7-05, -10
-74-
37
Chapter 10
Ice Loads - Atmospheric Icing
• A few changes that are clarifications or corrections

• Maps updated, changed to 500-year mean
recurrence level (from SO-year)
• Compensating change to Equation 10.4-5 (design
ice thickness, td) removes factor of 2.0 that adjusted
from 50 to 500 year:
fd�t/lz(KzJ0.35
• Commentary updated
-76 -
38
Chapters 11 - 23
Seismic Loads
New Site Amplification Factors

• First update since 1994 UBC
- Much more datal
• Fa and Fv range between 80%-120% of previous
values
• Site Class D is no longer default for Fa
- Fa � 1.2 (strong shaking: Site Class C "controls")
-78 -
39
Table 11.4-1 Short-Period Site Coefficient, Fa

Mapped Risk-Targeted Maximum Considered Earthquake (MCE R) Spectral
Response Acceleration Parameter at Short Period
Site Class S5 S0.25 S5 = 0.50 S5 = 0.75 S5 = 1.00 S5 = 1.25 S5 � 1.50
A 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8
B 4-.-00.9 4-.-00.9 4-.-00.9 4-.-00.9 4-.-00.9 4-.-00.9
C �Ll �Ll 4-,4 .Ll. 4-.-0.Ll. 4-.-0.Ll. 4-.-0.Ll.
D 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0
E 2-,-52.4 1.7 �1.3 Q-:-8 See Section 11.4.8
F See Section 11.4.8
Note: Use straight-line interpolation for intermediate values of S8.
Table 11.4-2 Long-Period Site Coefficient, Fv

Mapped Risk-Targeted Maximum Considered Earthquake (MCE R) Spectral
Response Acceleration Parameter at 1-sec Period
Site Class S 1 S0.1 S1 = 0.2 S1 = 0.3 S1 = 0.4 S1 = 0.5 S1 � 0.6
A 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

B 4-.-00.8 4-.-00.8 4-.-00.8 4-.-00.8 4-.-00.8 4-.-00.8
C 4-,+ id 4-,.e id 1.5 4-A id .Yid -Y.1A
D 2.4 6--0 2.28 -t-_g 2.0 8 4-,.e 1 _9a �1.8 8 �1.7 8
----E M � u 2-A- 2-A- 2-A-
E 4.2 See Section 11.4.8
F See Section 11.4.8
Note: 8Also, see requirements for site-specific ground motions in Section 11.4.8.
Note: Use straight-line interpolation for intermediate values of S 1.
- 80 -
40
11.4.3 Site Coefficients and Risk-Targeted

Maximum Considered Earthquake (MCE R) Spectral
Response Acceleration Parameters
...where site coefficients Fa and Fv are defined in
Tables 11.4-1 and 11.4-2, respectively. Where Site
Class D is selected as the default site class per
Section 11.4.2, the value of FE. shall not be less than
1.2.
-MCEr Multi-Period Response Spectrum - Site Class BC

2.4
-MCEr Multi-Period Response Spectrum - Sile Class C
-Design Multi-Period Response Spectrum - Site Class C
°'
2.2
-ELF Design Spectrum (Cs x RIie) - Current ASCE 7-16 Criteria
2.0
Comparison of
,g 1.8 -r-------=..:::-t---+---+---1---+-.--i-r-----,.-.,-----;--r-1--t-t-1
ro
t::: ELF and Multi
� 1.6
Q)
<( 1.4 +-----+-----+---+-�-+-+- ..

Period Design
Spectra-
� 1.2 ;---�:::::::=--=:::::--'�
(/)
Q)
u,
C
1.0 ;---------""'<., ·-�------+----+-�• Site Class C
Ground Motions
g 0.8
u,
/:. 0.6 (v5, 30 = 1600 ft/s)

0.4 ... -CurrentASCE
7-16 Criteria
0.0
0.1 1.0 100
Period (seconds)
- 82-
41

2.4
-MCEr Multi-Period Response Spectrum - Sile Class D
2.2 -Design Multi-Period Response Spectrum - Site Class D
-ELF Design Spectrum (Cs x RIie) - Current ASCE 7-16 Criteria
Comparison of
ELF and Multi
Period Design
t, 1.2
Q)
Spectra-
Q.
� 1.0 t- --r--------��;;::i-++-�---t--+-t-t�I Site Class D
Ground Motions
<J)
§
Q.
0.8
(vs,30 = 510 ft/s) -

<J)
� 0.6 t
0.4 CurrentASCE
0.2 t----+------,f----t-l--+-=-++-------=�1;:, �
� ��j 7-16 Criteria
0.0 -'-----'-----''----'------I-----'---------=!
0.1 1.0 10.0
Period (secon ds)
- 83-
2.6
2.4
-MCEr Multi-Period Response Spectrum - Site Class E
2.2 -Design Multi-Period Response Spectrum - Site Class E
en -ELF Design Spectrum (Cs x RIie) - Current ASCE 7-16 Criteria
2.0
Comparison of
1.8
ELF and Multi
1.6
Period Design
Q)
0
0
1.4
<(
Spectra-
t, 1.2 +
Q)
Site Class E
.. .. + ..
Q.
C/J 1.0
Q)
Ground Motions
§ 08 - t ..
Q.
<J)
� 0.6
(vs,30 = 510 ft/s) -
.... CurrentASCE
r---r----r-17---+-t , -------=�::::::�§;tj
0.4
0.2 7-16 Criteria

00 �----�-----+------------<
0.1 1.0 10.0
Period (secon ds)
- 84-
42
The approach adopted for a short-term solution is to

require a site-specific hazard analysis (Chapter 21) for
those site classes and intensities of ground motion
whose site response is not accurately (or
conservatively) represented by the two domains of
constant acceleration and velocity.
Site-Specific Hazard Analysis

Required for the following site conditions:
• Structures on Site Class E sites with Ss � 1.0
• Structures on Site Class D & E sites with S 1 � 0.2
- 86 -
43
The requirement significantly limits the use of practical

ELF and MRSA design methods for Site Class D sites,
which are quite common.
To lessen the impact on design practice, three
exceptions permit the use of conservative values of
design parameters for certain conditions for which
conservative values could be identified.
Site-Specific Hazard Analysis Requirements

• Exceptions:
► Structures on Site Class E sites with Ss � 1.0, provided Fa
taken as from Site Class C
► Structures on Site Class D & E sites with S 1 � 0.2, provided
Cs is determined by Eq. 12.8-2 for T :5 1.5 Ts and taken as 1.5
times value computed by Eq. 12.8-3 for TL � T > 1.5 Ts or Eq.
12.8-4 for T > TL
► Structures on Site Class E with S 1 � 0.2, provided T:5 Ts and
ELF is used for the analysis
- 88 -
44
Seismic Strength Design Load

Combinations (2015 IBC)
□ 1.20 + 1.0E + f1 L + f2S Equation (16-5)
□ 0.9D + 1.0E Equation (16-7)
□ E= pQE + 0.2S08D in Equation (16-5)
□ E= pQE - 0.2S08D in Equation (16-7)
□ p = 1 in Seismic Design Category (SOC) A, B and C
Effect of Vertical Earthquake

Ground Motion
□ Gravity and Earthquake Effects Additive

U = 1.20 + 1.0E + 0.5L +0.2S
= 1.20 + (pQE + 0.2S08D) + 0.5L + 0.2S
= (1.2 + 0.2S08)0 + pQE + 0.5L + 0.2S
- 90 -
45
Effect of Vertical Earthquake

Ground Motion
□ Gravity and Earthquake Effects Counteractive

U = 0.9D + 1.0E
= 0.9D + (pQE - 0.2S0sD)
= (0.9 - 0.2S0 s)D + pQE
12.4.4 Minimum Upward Force for Horizontal

Cantilevers for Seismic Design Categories D
trough F. In structures assigned to Seismic Design
Category D, E, or F, horizontal cantilever structural
components shall be designed for a minimum net
upward force of 0.2 times the dead load in addition to
the applicable load combinations in Section 12.4.
- 92 -
46
11 New Vertical Ground Motion

Spectrum
• Section 11.9 provides OPTIONAL vertical ground
motion spectrum in lieu of Section 12.4.2.2 (Ev) for
SOC C through F
• Initially developed for the 2009 NEHRP Provisions
• Keyed to SMs (MCER-level ground motions)
• Design spectrum taken as 2/3 MCER spectrum
11 Minimum Vertical MCE R

Response Spectrum
§>
vi·
C:
0
:;::;
u
u
<(
1ij 0.3CvSMs Site-specific spectrum

C. beyond this point
u ---��-->
0.025 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0
Vertical Period, Tv (sec)

0.05
0.15
S shall be less than one-half (1/2) of the corresponding S for horizontal compo-
mints determined in accordance with the site-specific procedure of ASCE 7-05 Chapter 21
- 94-
47
11 Minimum Vertical MCE R

Response Spectrum - Values of Cv
MCE Spectral Response

.
s·1te Class A, 8 s·1te Class C Site Class
Parameter at Short Periods a D, E, F
55 2::: 2.0 0.9 1.3 1.5
55 = 1.0 0.9 1.1 1.3
55 = 0.6 0.9 1.0 1.1
55 = 0.3 0.8 0.8 0.9
55 s; 0.2 0.7 0.7 0.7
a Use straight-line interpolation for intermediate values of 55 .
12 Structural System Selection

and Limitations (12.2.1)
Nothing contained in this section shall prohibit the use
of alternative procedures for the design of individual
structures that demonstrate acceptable performance
in accordance with the requirements of Section 1.3.1.3
of this Standard.
12.2.1.1 Alternative Structural Systems
(Commentary refers to FEMA P-695)
12.2.1.2 Elements of Seismic Force-Resisting
Systems (Commentary refers to FEMA p-795)
- 96 -
48
12 Maximum S05 Value in Determination

of C5 and Ev (12.8.1.3)
Section 12.8.1.3 allows S0s = 1.0 but not less than
70% of S0s defined in Section 11.4.4 provided:
• There are no irregularities
• Structure does not exceed five stories
• T < 0.5 sec
• Structure meets requirements for p = 1.0
.------ ------=---...
• Risk Category is I and II
- 97 -
Section 12.8.4.2 requires inclusion of accidental

torsion in design only for the following structures:
• SOC B structures with Type 1 b horizontal
structural irregularity
• SOC C to F structures with Type 1a or 1 b
horizontal structural irregularity
Accidental torsion still needs to be considered for all
structures while determining if a horizontal irregularity
exists.
- 98 -
49
12 New 12.10.3 Alternative Design of

Diaphragms, Chords, and Collectors
Mandated for precast concrete diaphragms in
buildings assigned to SOC C, 0, E, or F
r====?-��
Permitted for:
• Other precast concrete diaphragms
• Cast-in-place concrete diaphragms
• Wood diaphragms supported on wood framing
14 New 14.2.4 Seismic Design of

Precast Concrete Diaphragms
New seismic design procedure for precast concrete
diaphragms, utilizing the alternative design force level
of Section 12.10.3, placed in Section 14.2.4.
2018 IBC Chapter 19 requires precast concrete
diaphragms in buildings assigned to SOC C, 0, E, or F
to be designed by the procedure in Section 14.2.4.
-100 -
50
12 New! 12.13.5 Strength Design

of Foundations
New Section 12.13.5 Strength Design for Nominal
Foundation Geotechnical Capacity
• When strength design load combinations are used
in design
Current Section 11.8.2 requires geotechnical

investigation for structures assigned to SOC C-F,
including evaluation of potential liquefaction and
lateral spreading
New Section 12.13.9 provides design
requirements
• 12.13.9.2 Shallow Foundation Design
• 12.13.9.3 Deep Foundation Design
-102 -
51
12 Sec. 12.13.9 - Foundations on

Liquefiable Soils
Three potential categories to consider:
1. Low liquefaction effects - no requirements
2. Moderate liquefaction effects - shallow foundations
are permitted provided detailing requirements are
followed and provided they are designed for
differential settlement
High liquefactions effects - deep foundations are
3.
required; additional considerations include
requirement to account for downdrag due to
__iquefactioo..POclrno_.....,...,.....________ _
-103 -
Multiple important changes - not possible to fit into

overview
-104-
52
Not adopted by the IBC, which has Ch. 19 on

concrete, Ch. 20 on aluminum, Ch. 21 on masonry,
Ch. 22 on steel, and Ch. 23 on wood.
-105 -
Multiple important changes - not possible to fit into

overview
-106 -
53
BREAK!
If you have any questions,
please type them in
If you are encountering technical

difficulties, please call (847) 991-2700
-108 -
54
Chapter 16
NONLINEAR RESPONSE HISTORY ANALYSIS
Previous Chapter 16 and Commentary REPLACED
by new versions.
Linear Response History Analysis has been
transferred to Chapter 12, where other linear analysis
procedures are presented.
The updated nonlinear analysis procedures presented in

ASCE 7-16 Chapter 16 are more consistent with recent
practice in nonlinear analysis. Analyses are conducted
at the MCE shaking level for consistency with the
Chapter 1 target collapse reliabilities and adopt
acceptance criteria that are more compatible with those
reliabilities.
-110 -
55
Chapter 17
SEISMIC DESIGN REQUIREMENTS FOR
SEISMICALLY ISOLATED STRUCTURES
by new versions.
"The present edition of the ASCE/SEI 7- Chapter 17

provisions contains significant modifications with
respect to superseded versions, intended to facilitate
the design and implementation process of seismic
isolation, thus promoting the expanded use of the
technology."
-112 -
56
18 Structures with Damping

Systems
Chapter 18
SEISMIC DESIGN REQUIREMENTS FOR
STRUCTURES WITH DAMPING SYSTEMS
by new versions.
The chapter has been reorganized and the Nonlinear

Response History procedure has been brought
forward as the main analysis method. The Equivalent
Lateral Force and Linear Response History
procedures follow.
-114 -
57
Chapter 19
SOIL-STRUCTURE INTERACTION FOR
SEISMIC DESIGN
by new versions.
Corresponding changes are made in Sections 12.13.3
Foundation Load-Deformation Characteristics and
15.4.1 Design Basis
Update the following Chapter 22 figures (maps):
FIGURE 22-1 S 5 Risk-Targeted Maximum Considered

Earthquake (MCE R) Ground Motion Parameter for the
Conterminous United States for 0.2 s Spectral Response
Acceleration (5% of Critical Damping), Site Class B.
FIGURE 22-2 S 1 Risk-Targeted Maximum Considered

Earthquake (MCE R) Ground Motion Parameter for the
Conterminous United States for 1.0 s Spectral Response
Acceleration (5% of Critical Damping), Site Class B.
-116 -
58
Update the following Chapter 22 figures (maps):
FIGURE 22-9 Maximum Considered Earthquake

Geometric Mean (MCEG ) PGA, %9, Site Class B for the
Conterminous United States.
FIGURE 22-18 Mapped Risk Coefficient at 0.2 s Spectral

Response Period, CRs ·
FIGURE 22-19 Mapped Risk Coefficient at 1.0 s Spectral

Response Period, CR t·
-117 -
Changes 1n MCE R & MCE G Values

■
1.8 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I
• S5 (MCEa) 0 CO
Cl co
'-
CJ)
co
C:
-
= �
1.7
• Q) Cl
·- .0
S1 (MCEa) 0 co .... � Q)
,8 1.6 0 PGA(MCEc,)
c: Cll CJ)
co
� -
&1,l .ig
.c
0 ...J
� 1.5 Q)
C:
co -
"c:I C: Cl) 0
; 1.4 � -
0
•
=....
(.!) 1.3
• 0 • 0 •
-
r!. 1.2 r,
. - •- - - .. .
r-l 0 0 0 0 0
. •• .
0
� I.I • •
�-
r, r,
• •
.
V
<
0 0 •
• • 0 0
•
0 0 •
0 •
•• - -• - • •
0 0
1 ~ V • • I
., • • •
• -
0 • 0
"c:I • r,,
� 0.9
• •
'.c
I •• � •
e
=-, 0.8 ! •
0 0
••
•
0.7 Southern California Northern California PacNW IMW CEUS -

0.6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14151617181920 21 22 23 24252627282930 31 32 33 34
City Location#
American Society of Civil Engineers 7-16 Standard (ASCE 7-16) Seismic Subcommittee (SSC) Meeting
"Resolution of Main-Committee Comments on Proposal to Update Conterminous U.S. Maps," N. Luco, USGS et al May 7, 2015
59
Changes in SOC (A ➔ B & B ➔ A)
Changes in SOC (B ➔ C & C ➔ B)
60
Changes in SOC (C ➔ O & O ➔ C)
Changes in SOC (O ➔ E & E ➔ O)
61
soc Changes
I Latitude Longitude City State SDC Change Ss Change S1 Change I
31.55 -97.15 Waco TX AtoB -8% +1%
42.13 -80.09 Erie PA BtoA -31% -26%
37.03 -76.35 Hampton VA BtoA -6% -16%
36.98 -76.43 NewportNew s VA BtoA -6% -17%
36.85 -75.98 V i gini
r a Beach VA BtoA -9"/o -17%
36.85 -76.28 Norfolk VA BtoA -8% -17%
36.82 -76.27 Ches apeake VA BtoA -9"/o -17%
43 -71.45 Manchest er NH Bto C +62% +6%
r
42.63 -71.32 Lowell MA Bto C +51% +2%
r
35.22 -97.44 Norman OK Bto C +25% +8%
38.05 -84.46 Lexington-Fayette KY CtoB -8% -10%
36.1 -80.24 Winston-Sa lem NC CtoB -11% -18%
35.96 -80.01 H gh
i Point NC CtoB -16% -20%
35.05 -78.88 Fayetteville NC CtoB -30% -26%
35.23 -80.84 Cha r lotte NC CtoB -17% -20%
34.23 -77.94 Wilmington NC CtoB -29% -26%
32.3 -90.18 Jacks on MS CtoB -12% -5%
soc Changes
I Latitude Longitude City State SDC Cha nge Ss Cha nge Si Cha nge I
35.96 -83.92 Knoxville IN CtoD +51% +8%
34 -81.03 Columbia SC DtoC -17% -20%
37.98 -122.03 Concord CA EtoD -15% -22%
34.28 -119.29 Ventura CA EtoD -18% -18%
34.2 -119.18 Oxnard CA EtoD -31% -29%
34.27 -118.78 Simi Valley CA EtoD -23% -23%
34.18 -118.31 Burba nk CA EtoD -7% -19%
34.14 -118.26 Glendale CA EtoD -24% -23%
34.05 -118.24 Los Angeles CA EtoD -19"/o -17%
34.07 -118.03 El Monte CA EtoD -22% -19%
34.07 -117.94 West Covina CA EtoD -21% -19%
34.02 -118.17 Ea st Los Angeles CA EtoD -18% -16%
34.06 -117.75 Pomona CA EtoD -16% -18%
33.94 -117.23 Mor e noValley CA EtoD +3% -8%
33.49 -117.15 Temecula CA EtoD -17% -25%
62
Chapters 26 - 31
Wind Loads
New! ATTACHED CANOPY: A horizontal (maximum

slope of 2°/c>) patio cover attached to the building wall
at any height; it is different from an overhang, which is
an extension of the roof surface.
63
26 Enclosure Classification
Enclosure Criteria for Enclosure Internal Pressure

Internal Pressure
Classification Classifirationl Coefficient, (GCp;)
Enclosed buildings Ao is less than the Moderate +0.18

smaller of0.01 Ag or 4 -0.18
sq ft and Ao/Ag;<= 0.2
Partially enclosed A 0 > 1.1 A 0; and A0 > the High
buildings lesser of0.01 Ag or 4 sq
ft and Ao;/Ag; <= 0.2
Partially open A building that does not Moderate
buildings comply with Enclosed.
Partially Enclosed, or
Open classifications
Open buildings Each wall is at least 80% 0.00
•
open
A g= the gross area of a wall in which A 0 is identified,

in ft2
A g; = the sum of the gross surface areas of the
building envelope (walls and roof) not including A g, in
ft2
A 0 = total area of openings in a wall that receives
positive external pressure, in ft2
A 0; = the sum of the areas of openings in the building
envelope (walls and roof) not including A 0 , in ft2
-128 -
64
BUILDING, ENCLOSED: )A. building that does not

comply v,ith the requirements for open or partially
enclosed buildings. A building that has the total area
of openings in each wall, that receives positive
external pressure, less than or equal to 4 sq ft or 1 %
of the area of that wall, whichever is smaller.
BUILDING, PARTIALLY OPEN: A building that does
not comply with the requirements for open, partially
enclosed, or enclosed buildings.
□ Basic Wind Speed Maps, Figures 26.5-1 A, B, C

Replaced
□ New Figure D Introduced
-130 -
65
ASCE 7-16 Figure 26.5-1A

Other Structures
90(40)
Basic Wind Speeds for Risk Category I Buildings and
85(38)
100(45)
105(47)
110(49)
120(54)
90(40)
MRI=
300 years
ASCE 7-16 Figure 26.5-1B

Other Structures
95(42)
Basic Wind Speeds for Risk Category II Buildings and
110(49)
90(40)
115(51)
120(54)
130(58)
MRI=
700 years
-132 -
66
ASCE 7-16 Figure 26.5-1C

100(45) 105(47) Basic Wind Speeds for Risk Category Ill Buildings and Other Structures
110(49)
115(51)
95(42) 120(54)
130(58)
110(49) 112(50)
MRI=
1700 years
ASCE 7-16 Figure 26.5-1 D

1051411 110149) Basic Wind Speeds for Risk Category IV Buildings and Other Structures
115(51)
125(56)
130(58)
MRI=
3000 years
-134-
67
q2 0.00256K2K2tKdKe V2 (lb/ft2 ); Vin mph

=
(26.10-1)
26.9 Ground Elevation above Sea Level

The effect on air density caused by elevation of the ground
level at the project site above sea level is accounted for by
the factor Ke , obtained from Table 26.9-1.
Ground Elevation above Sea Level
0 1.00
1000 0.96
2000 0.93
3000 0.90
4000 0.86
5000 0.83
6000 0.80
-136 -
68
26 New Serviceability Wind

Speed Maps
Serviceability Commentary Wind Speed Maps Figures
CC-1 through CC-4 Replaced
Figure CC-1 10-Year MRI 3 Seconds Gust Wind Speed in Mi/Hr (m/s)
AT 33 ft (10 m) Above Ground In Exposure C.
65(29)
-138 -
69

Speed Maps
Figure CC-3 SO-Year MRI 3 Seconds Gust Wind Speed in Mi/Hr (m/s)
75(34)
80(36)
85(38)
70(31) 90(40)
100(45)
110(49)
.,.,
-140 -
70

Speed Maps
80(36)
90(40)
75(34) 95(42)
100(45)
110(49 )
75(34)
Velocity Pressure, ASCE 7-10 Section 27.3, has been

transferred to Chapter 26, where it is now Section
26.10.
Otherwise, no major canges.
-142 -
71
28 Envelope Procedure for

MWFRS
In Part 1, added:
28.3.5 Horizontal Wind Loads on Open or Partially
Enclosed Buildings with Transverse Frames and
Pitched Roofs.
I n•S
As
-144-
72
29 Other Structures and

Appurtenances - MWFRS
29.4 DESIGN WIND LOADS: OTHER STRUCTURES
The design wind force for other structures ( chimneys,
tanks, rooftop equipment for h > 60', and similar
structures, open signs, lattice frameworks single-plane
open frames, and trussed towers), whether ground or
roof mounted, shall be determined by the following
equation:

29.4 DESIGN WIND LOADS: OTHER STRUCTURES
Guidelines for determining G, Cr, and At- for structures
found in petrochemical and other industrial facilities
that are not otherwise addressed in ASCE 7 can be
found in the 2011 edition of Wind Loads for
Petrochemical and Other Industrial Facilities (ASCE)
American Society of Civil Engineers, Reston, Va.
-146 -
73

29.4.1 Rooftop Structures and Equipment for Buildings
with h < 60 ft (18.3 m). The lateral force, Fh, and vertical
force, Fv, for rooftop structures and equipment, except as
otherwise specified for roof -mounted solar panels (Sections
29.4.3 and 29.4.4) and structures identified above in Section
29.4, on rooftop structures and equipment located on
buildings 'Nith a mean roof height h < 60 ft (18.3 m) shall be
determined from Eq. (29.5 2) as specified below.
The resultant lateral force, Fh, shall be determined from Eq.
(29.4-2) and applied at a height above the roof surface equal
to or greater than the centroid of the projected area, A,.
-147 -
29 New! Circular Bins, Silos, and

Tanks
29.4.2.1 External Walls of Isolated Circular Bins,
Silos, and Tanks.
29.4.2.2 Roofs of Isolated Circular Bins, Silos, and
Tanks.
29.4.2.3 Undersides of Isolated Elevated Circular
Bins, Silos, and Tanks.
29.4.2.4 Roofs and Walls
of Grou ed Circular Bins
Silos, and Tanks.
74
29.4.3 Rooftop Solar Arrays for Buildings of All

Heights with Flat Roofs or Gable or Hip Roofs with
Slopes Less Than 7 ° .
29.4.4 Rooftop Solar Collectors Parallel to the
Roof Surface on Buildings of All Heights and Roof
Slopes.
PART 6: BUILDING APPURTENANCES AND

ROOFTOP STRUCTURES AND EQUIPMENT
30.11 Attached Canopies on Buildings With h � 60
ft
-150 -
75
30 Wind Loads: Components and

Cladding New Items!
PART 7: NONBUILDING STRUCTURES
30.12 Circular Bins, Silos, and Tanks with h � 120
ft
30.13 Rooftop Solar Arrays For Buildings of All
Heights with Flat Roofs or Gable or Hip Roofs with
Slopes Less Than 7°
-151 -
Gable Roofs 8 5: 7°
0.6b
,
r--- ---,
I 1-- ..c -7 I
I I � I I
I I
I I I I
I I
I I I I
'ICD
I I
(DI 1
®
I <D1CD I 'CD,<D
I
1
: I I 0.6h
1
1
I
0.6h1 1
I I
I L _____ J I
3
L _______ ..J
L .J
-152 -
76
30 Components and Cladding on Roof

Part 1: Low-Rise Buildings
Components and Cladding h � 60 ft
Figure 30.4J.-2A External Pressm·e Coefficients, GC
Gable Roofs 0 � 7°
Enclosed, Partially Enclosed Buildings
-3.2 -'3.4 �----�---�

-3.0
(3) Root _,.., ---c---+t-t+-'--t-....+-
8-
-2.8 -2.8
-3
-26
C!J -2.4
c
-2.ll
-2.2 -2.6 t-----'---+-""

-� -2.0
l2_)
·- -1.8
...... -1.8
,i;
8�
-1.6
-1.4
-1.2
......." \..,-
i
\.!) -1.1
::s -1.0 -1.0
',,,,.
-0.9
-0.8
a.. -0.6
"
ci'i -0.4
....
I
C -0.2
W +0.2 �,, +0.2

+0.3
+0.4
+0.6
lc7 10 20 50 100 200 5001000
(0.1) (0.9) (1.9) (4.6) (9.3) (18.6) (46.5) (92.9) lD JOO JOOO
Effective Wind Area, tt 2 (nf)

1ue:1tf\!)
-153 -

Components and Cladding h � 60 ft
Figure 30.4J.-2A External Pressm·e Coefficients, GC
Gable Roofs 0 � 7°
Enclosed, Putially Enclosed Buildings
OVERHANGS
a.. 10 100
(.J -3.2
C, -3.'2 1---....,...,,--t--t..-t,t--............
-3.0 (3) .,
-2.8
Overhana ·2.8 -2..:!I
-2.6
-2.4 \. -2.6 t---r-H--'--\.-+-r--'---4+--1
-2.2
\
e::II -2.0
''
-1.8 � \.
'...._
-1.7
rn
�
-1.s
-1.4
I/ ' ........ -1.6
'
-1.2 / \
.s
(Q -1.0
....� \. ·1.1
C / �
-0.8 -0.8
-0.6 1--1-....+i--i---.-i-�-4+--1
>< -0.6 4• 1--+-h+.�----..++--<
I.LI 1 10 20 50 100 200 500 1000
(0.1) (0.9) (1.9) (4.6) (9.3) (18.6) (46.5) (92.9)
1.000
Effective Wind Area, ft 2 (nf)
10 100
are.a (ff>
-154-
77
Low-Rise
Buildings
and
Buildings
10 tl)I)
..... •�.'i
with h S 60 ft
00
JO
8· ,.
�·�·.,
!DO
,,, ;!
�
.
... "
.f,�, ,;;-.
•,�a""'
8 -1.olfi'
i -·"...�·
:f:l 8 ....
.....,
•lO
....•.,
!'!
CL , �
• I --•iiiiiii
.... .,� .
1-------
,r I I I
·••�--''-'-'-"-'-.....I...J �· .,
1 10 W' 50 10D,!� 3;0"10Cll
'-'l P!!M i'••H•�llMJ /"'-'ill'�
Eliecti,,. Wind Area. a 1im')
-155 -

Gable Roofs 27"< 8 :S 45•
Low-Rise
Buildings
and
Buildings
with h S 60 ft
8 �·�·
I.
10 1110
·10
v,w,111ng
..,.
-�'" "-0
•II
_.,
• ,.o
1 IV a1 ,0 IOI) 21111 SOOIOIIO
�
0111
l
� �� (l,I � ill� (-ll�!I!�
W
Effectfvu Wind Aru, It l (rf )
-156 -
78
ASCE 7-10 Fig. 30.4-2A I ASCE 7-16 Fig. 30.3-2A

Gable Roof - h < 60 ft, 8 S 7 °
r 7
L _J
10 ft2 effective
7
■
s E_1_-1_0 _
A _c
GC p values for t-----==-
-2.8
-+
____:_:A.:..c
■
s :..:E 7 -1e_
;....: � :...:
-3.2
�
wind area -1.8

-1.0 ■ -2.3
-1.7
GC p values for
10 ft2 effective
wind area
■■A SC E 7 -10
-2.6
-1.7
■■A SC E 7 -16
-3.6
-3.0
-0.9 -2.0
-158 -
79
GC p values for t----==-

1 0 ft2 effective
wind area
Asc
r
■■
-2.6
-1.7
■
_ _ E 7 _-1_0_-----if----=A..:..:s:....:c:..::;E....:.7....:-1e..:. _----J
-3.6
-2.5
-0.9 -1.5
-159 -
ASCE 7-10 Fig. 30.4-2C / ASCE 7-16 Fig. 30.3-2D

Gable Roof - h < 60 ft, 27° < 8 :S 45 °
I I
I I
--�--------- ---------1--
I
I
I
--�---------
1
I
---------
I
I
--
ASC E 7 -10 ASC E 7-16
GC p values for
1 0 ft2 effective -1.2 ■ -3.2
wind area ■ -1.2 ■ -2.0
-1.0 -1.8
-160 -
80
■ ASCE 7-16 is adopted by the 2018 IBC, which was

published in September 2017. 2018 IBC will be
adopted by the States of California and Georgia on
January 1, 2020. Other adoptions
will follow.
-162 -
81
i
GaryCh�k
S K. Ghosh PRESS
Michael O'Rourke
T Enc Stafford A5CE
-163 -
-164-
82
Thank You!!
For more information...
Phone: (847) 991-2700 / (949) 215-6560
Email: kbhaumik@skghoshassociates.com
-165 -
83

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S. K.

Ghosh Associates LLC

Changes from ASCE 7-10 to

S. K. Ghosh Associates Inc.

Minimum Design Loads and Minimum Design Loads and

This new web-based application

This new subscription-based

2012, 2015 International

Adopted ASCE 7-10 Adopted ASCE 7-10

□ The published version of ASCE 7-16 is adopted by

□ Changes discussed in this seminar are those

Section 1.1 Scope - changed accordingly.

Changed to reflect change in title of standard.

DESIGNATED NONSTRUCTURAL SYSTEM: A

SERVICE LOADS: Loads imparted on a building or

1.3.1.3 Performance-Based Procedures. Structural

Failure that is either sudden or leads to wide- PF 3.0x10-5/yr

spread progression of damage 13 = 3.0 13 = 3.5 13 = 3.75 13 =4.0

Failure that is sudden and leads to wide- PF 5.0x10-6/yr

spread progression of damage 13 = 3.5 13 =4.0 13 =4.25 13 =4.5

Table 1.3-2 Target reliability (conditional probability of failure) for

Conditional probability of failure due

Table 1.3-3 Target reliability (conditional probability of failure) for

Conditional probability of component or

New! 1.3.6 Fire Resistance

Separation of Seismic Load

Separation of Seismic Load

Separation of Seismic Load

6. 1.2D +Ev+Eh + L + 0.2S

Separation of Seismic Load

Separation of Seismic Load

Separation of Seismic Load

Separation of Seismic Load

3.1.4 Vegetative and Landscaped Roofs

New! 3.1.5 Photovoltaic Panel (PV) Systems

Single Multiple See

Reefs lal68Q KlF FGef gaFd8AS 100 (4.79) ¥es (4.8.3) -

Roof areas used for other occu12ancies

Table 4.3-1 reformatted, removing all footnotes and

New! 4.17 PHOTOVOLTAIC PANEL (PV) SYSTEM

4.17 .1 Roof Loads at Photovoltaic Panels (Contd.)

EXCEPTION: The roof live load need not be applied

4.17 .1 Roof Loads at Photovoltaic Panels (Contd.)

• The uniform and concentrated roof live loads

5.5 CONSENSUS STANDARDS AND OTHER

When the wave enters:shallow

The wave further slows and 5J

Engineering Lessons For Design

For the purposes of this chapter, Tsunami Risk

2. The following structures need not be included in

3. Tsunami Vertical Evacuation Refuge Structures shall

Courtesy: Ian Robertson, Univ. of Hawaii

6.1.1 Scope {Contd.)

□ The ASCE 7 Tsunami Loads and Effects Chapter is

□ The Maximum Considered Tsunami is the design

Tsunami Design Zone

Courtesy: Gary Chock

New Hazard Tool

AS,CE 7 Hazard Tool

ASCE Tsunami-Resilient Design

If you are encountering technical

Question and Answer Session

If you are encountering technical difficulties, please call (847) 991-2700