yfdL k"vf{sf]

gfn]anL
hutdfg b'ª\;'k]/] g]kfn yfdL ;dfh s]lGb|o ;Nnfxsf/ ;b:o
nf]Ëuf8L cf]xf]uf8L kf6f]Ntfn] lnla -;'g kf]v/L rfbL
kf]v/L kf]v]kl5 pTklt eO{ l;dfª3f6 s'dfË3f6jf6 k|:yfg xb}
cfPsf] yfdL hflt g]kfnsf] paf];fuf/] lshL ;fuf/]
sf7df0f8f}sf] yfgsf]6 sf]6]Zj/ l7dL x'b} bf]nfn3f6 k|j]z
u/]sf] w]/} aif{ a;f]jf; ul/ bf]nvfdf k|j]z u/]sf] lyof] . w]/}
aif{ al; 3gf al:t a9]kl5 :o":o" gfds yfdL /fhfn] lsk6 ;+~rfng
ul/ a;]sf] lyof] . of] lsk6sf] rf/ lsNnf x/]nª\sf ;'O{s'tf
ef/fË ;'O{s'tf kfNsLkf]6f]ª -k"j{_ xfnsf] uf}/Lz+s/ lxdfn
y/]nËsf lrl/ËyfnL lnjfªv' klZrd xfnsf] nfs'/L8f8f,
uf]O{sO{nª\sf pQ/ hf]dhf]/ xfnsf] ltAat l;dfgf gª\;fnªsf
ls/ft]Zj/ tfaf]hf]/ xfnsf] tfdfsf]zL of] rf/ lsNnf ;+~rfng ug]{
xfª\ uf]d lyPF .
rf/hgf /fhfsf] gfd klxnf] :o" :o" , bf];|f] uf]Ndf, t];|f] 8f]ª\,
rf}yf]df kf]tf]Ë xfª\ lyPF . lsk6 hf]ufpg vf]Hbf rf/hgf
/fhfnfO{ tfdfË /fhf4f/f xTof u/] ;f] qmddf Uofg] bDaf ps'
gfds uf]d -dGqL_sf] xTof u/] ;of} k'vf{x? n's]/ a:g]
afWotf eO{ a:g yfn] . bf]nvf lhNnfsf] nflknfË uflj;sf]
xfnsf] pRrdfljdf k/]8 v]nfpy] / vfG8' /fhfsf] ;}lgsn] xdnf
u/\of] / 8f]ª /fhfsf] nflknfËdf / uf]Ndf /fhfsf] uf]NdfyfgLdf
xTof ul/of] . ;f] qmddf pxfFx?nfO{ bfx;+:sf/ ug]
{ qmddf !@ 38f 3g uf8LPsf] lyof] ;f]sf] eUgfj];];
xfn ;Dd /x]sf] 5 . ;f] :yfg xfn uf]Nfdf yfgsf] gfdn] k|rnLt 5
. bDaf Ho" Ho" gfds Ps Ps k"vfnfO{ sfln~rf]s uflj; l:yt
km]Dkm]n] eGg] le/df df}/Lsf] /; lgsfNg] qmddf k/]Ëdf
em'l08L/x]sf] cj:yfdf l;Gw'kfNrf]sjf6 k|j]z u/]sf tfdfË
AolQmn] k/]Ësf] h'O[gf sf6L v;fnL dfl/Psf] lyof] .
;f] sf] bfx;+:sf/ sfln~rf]s uflj;sf] af]yf]/f]kf]n] lrxfgdf
ul/Psf] lyof] . ;f]xL uflj;sf] Aof]kf eGg] :yfgdf wfl/nf]
xltof/ k|xf/ ul/ ps' Ho"Ho"sf] xTof ;d]t ul/sf] 5 xfn To;
7fpsf] gfd ps'/fËn] k|rlnt 5 . bf]nvf lhNnfsf] vf]kfrfu' uflj;
l:yt sfkf/Ë eGg] :yfgdf ag t?n vGb} u/]sf] cj:yfdf vGbf
vGb} k5f8Ljf6 xdnf ul/ ltvfl/Psf] lsnf4f/f dn4f/df 3f]rL
tfdfË ;d"xn] Uofg] gfds Ho" Ho"sf] xTof u/]sf] lyof] .
xfn;Dd p;}sf] gfddf lrxfg ;+/If0f ul/ /fv]sf] 5 . bf]nvf
lhNnfdf yfdL kf]tf]/f]Ë yfdL /fhfnfO{ g]jf/ /fhfn]
xdnful/ !* aif{ h]n g]n ;hfo lbO{Psf] lyof] . h]n ;hfoF k"/f
ul/ xfnsf] afa/] uflj;sf] af6f eGg] :yfgdf kms{bf
klxn]sf /}tLx?n] e]6g cfPF . ;f] qmddf /}tLn]
xfn;Ddsf] ;Dklt ljj/0fsf] vf]hL eof] . ;Dklt vf]Hbf lgh
/fhfn] sfuh b]vfP . b]vfpbf /}tLsf] lrQ a'em]g . wdf;fg
6s/fjsf] l;h{gf eof] . /fhfnfO{ ltg} /}tLsf] nfuL h]n ;hfPF
ef]u] dnfO{ g} ckm\7]/f]df kf/L bf];L 7x/ ug]{ eGg] ;f]r
cfPkl5 /fhfn] ;Dkltsf] ljj/0f sfuh d'vfdf xfnL lgn] . o;f]
ePkl5 /}tLn] /fhfnfO{ dfg]{ lg0f{o u/] . ;f] qmddf
/fhf ;ftj6f tfdfsf] v8\s'nf 5f]kL df6f]sf] vf8\ndf n's]/ a;] .
o;/L a:bf klg /}tLn] kQf nufO{ efnf v's'/L v'kf{n] xfGg
yfn] . xfGbf v]/L v8\s'nf] Kjfn eO{ 6fpsf]sf] lubL ;d]t
lglSnbf klg p;sf] d[To" ePg . /}tL xf/ dfg] ;f] qmddf Pshgf
/}tLn] ;f]lw ltdL lsg db}{gf} egL ;f]Wbf /fhfn] eg] dg{ t
d5' t/ d]/f] Pp6f afrf 5 . ;f] afrf dfGg tof/ ePdf d dg]{5' egL
/fhfn] eg] ./}tLn] eg] dg{rfO{ ltdL dg'{ k5{ ltldn] afrf
7f]Sg kfp5f} egL ;Demf}tf eof] . kf]tf]/f]Ë xfªsf] clGtd
afrf ltdLx?n] dnfO{ /fhlgts ubf{ o; xljsfn Aof]x{g' k/\of]
t;{y ltdLxn] klg /fhg}lts u/]sf] cj:yfdf sfG6' kf]ª\b'jgL kf]ª\
tfn] oof . cfs'{g kf]ª\b'jfgL kf]ª\tfn] oof . 8f8' kf]ª\b'jfgL
kf]ª\tfn] oof egL tLg afrf u/] . lt /}tLx? l/ZdL /x]sf lyoF
To; 36gf kl5 ;f] /}tLsf] y/ kf]ª\nfË l/lZd /x]sf] 5 . xfn klg
oL y/sf yfdLx? e]l6G5g\ . ;f]xL qmddf efu]/ n'sLl5kL
a;]sf ofklt Ho" Ho" ;f]gf/L af]Ho" xfnsf] ;':kfIfdfjtL
uflj;sf] /fË/fËyfnL df:sf/fËsf] uf]Dkmf cfkf]df n'sL
a:bf ;f] qmddf lhjg pkfh{gsf] nfuL hª\un km8fgL ul/ e:d]
xfGbf ;f] kms]nf bf]NtL vf]nfn] aufpb} n}hfbf xfnsf]
bf]NtL vf]nfdf kfxf df5f sf] vf];df kms]nf dfq kbf{ of]
eGbf dfyL klg dflg; a;f]jf; u/]sf] v'Ng cfPkl5 vf]htnf; ubf{
ltg} yfdL bDklt ofklt Ho"Ho" ;'gf/L af]Ho' km]nf k/\of] .
ofklt Ho"Ho"nfO{ ;dftL vffG8' /fhfn] h]n xfn]sf]
O{ltxf; /x]sf] 5 . o;/L y'Gbf ;'gf/L af]Ho"n] ljleGg ;f}uft
n}hfbf klg of] ;a} d]/f] agsf] b/g lt/0fsf] k5{ eg]kl5 crfgs
b}ljs zlQm k|fKt ul/ s]zjf6 ;'gsf] d[u k|s6 ul/
/fhfnfO{ a'emfO{ ofktLsf] Ho"Ho"sf] l/xfO{ u/]sf] d'Gb'd
xfn;Dd sfod /x]sf] 5 .
O{ltxf; s]nfpbf bf]nvf lhNnfdf klxnf] cflbjf;L tyf d"njf;L
yfdL hftL x'g . k|df0fx? s]nfpbfF bf]nvfdf e'd]Zj/sf] k"hf
ubf{, b]jLsf]6sf] k"hf ubf{ dl5Gb|gfy tfGbf yfª\dL hftL
clgjfo{ ;dfj]z x'g'n] klg k'i6L x'G5 . bf]nvfdf k"hf ;fdfu|
Lsf] gfd yfdL efiffdf /x]sf] 5 . h:t} yfdL u'?
nfO{ lxkmf,d]/]Skfsf] bf:s]g, l;l/kf]ª\sf] gfuj]nL, d'ª\rf ;f]ª\
sf] /fk]ª\, a'O{tf]b'{sf] 8fª\uf8] / a's]gLsf] vfGbf/]Ë cfbL .
ljutb]vL xfn;Dd ;f] rng rnL cfPsf] lyof]F . lxkmf u'?n]
rfd]sf] ku/L,rfd]sf] ;fSkf, dO{sf] nuf}6f] x'g' yfdL hflt
sk8f cfljZsf/ x'g'eGbf klxn] k'/fgf] hftL /x]sf] k'i6L /x]sf]
x'G5 . b]jLsf]6 cuf8L l;nfn]vdf yfdL hfltn] b]jLsf]6
lgdf{0f u/L lxkmf u'?n] /fIf;sf] xTof ul/ bf]nvfdf zflGt
sfod ul./Psf]n] bf]nvfnfO{ xfnklg ceok"/ gfdjf6 ;d]t lrlgG5
. e'd]Zj/sf] dlGb/sf] pTt/ k"j{ tkm{ /x]sf] vDafdf 9\ofª\u|f]
/x]sf]n] klg bf]nvfsf] led]Zj/ yfdLsf] s'nb]jtf ePsf] k'i6L
x'G5 . xfn klg yfdL lxkmf u'?nfO{ clgjfo{ ?kkdf pkl:yt
u/fO{G5 .
yfdL hfltsf] Ps k'vf{ xfnsf] cfnfDk' uflj;sf] Hofª\dL hª\
undf dflnª\uf] vfHbf Ps cf]8f/df afF; k/\of] . af;df
vfg]kfgLsf] vfhL ubf{ Ps v]fnfdf kfgL lng hfbf kfgL
ebf{ kfxf s/fsf] cfjfh cfof] ;f]xL kfxf l;sf/ ubf{ rKn]6f] 9'ª\
uf p7fbf xft Roflkof] . ;f] qmddf Pshgf efO{ cf]8f/df
bfh'nfO{ af]nfpbf of6L cuf8L cfof] . of6L cfpbfF of6Ln]
yfdL k'vf{;uF xft lgsfNg] ;t{df lax]sf]] k|tfj /fVof] .
dg'{ eGbf xft lgsfNg /fd|f] 7fg]/ of6Ln] of6Lsf] b/jf/df
nUof] . afx| aif{ ;Dd ToxL a;] / b'O{ ;Gtfgsf] hGd eof] .
o;/L yfdL k"vf{nfO{ k'/fgf] 3/ kms{g] dg nfu]5 .
of6LnfO{ n}hfbf ufpFsf] dflg;nfO{ vfg] eof]
t;y{ of6LnfO{ gn}hfg pkfo /Rg yflnof] . 3/
kmkms{g] ;Nnfx eof] . p;nfO{ a]xf]; agfO{ hª\undf 5f8\g]
dg;fon\] pgLx?;uF sk8f kmf6L l;pgsf] nfuL cNnf] vf]Hg
of6LnfO{ yfdL k"vf{n] hª\ndf k7fPF . ;f] qmddf yfdL
k"vf{n] t/sf/L agfpbf of6LnfO{ a]xf]; agfpg hª\nL laif
xfnL ksfO{Psf] lyof] eg] cfkm'nfO{ l6d'/sf] t/sf/L agfPsf]
lyof] . o;/L a]n'sL of6L kms]{kl5 vfgf vfb} ul/ ;f] qmddf
of6LnfOlaif / cfkm'nfO{ l6d'/sf] t/sf/L efu nufO{ vfgf
vfb} uof] . o; qmddf of6Ln] eGof] ofª\sf] s]g
xf/fO{ h]/]/]b' eGbf yfdLsf] t/saf/L klg rfVg lbof] o;sf]
klg l6d'/sf] ePsf]n] k/\k/fO{/x]sf] lyof] . o; qmddf ef]nL
ufpF kms{g]{ sfo{qmd /x]sf]n] b'j} bDkltn] sk8f cf–
cfkm\gf] l;nfpg yfn] . ;f] qmddf yfdL k'vf{n] sk8f dfq
l;nfP / of6Ln] laif4f/f a]xf; agL cfkm\gf] ltsf{ / lk8'nf sk8f
;uF l;nfP . laxfg} afa'n] 5f]./LnfO{ sfwdf xfn] / of6L klg
Pp6f 5f]/f sfwdf xfnL al:tlt/ em/] .
o; qmddf of6Lsf] v'6\6f l;nfPsf] / laifn] dft]sf]n] lx8\g ;s]g
yfdL k"vf{ eg] cuf8L lx8] . o;/L k5f8L of6LnfO{ ?vdf
r9]/ x]bf{ t af]s]sf] 5f]/fnfO{ ltvf{ Rofb\b} vfb} kf] /x]5 .
o; qmddf yfdL k"vf{nfO{ ;u}F hfp eGb} s/fpb} lyof]
of6Ln] . ;f] qmddf of6L laifn] k"0f{?kdf a]xf; ePsf] /
d[To" ePsf] b]v]kl5 Pp6f 5f]/L lnO{ 3/ kmls{of] ;f]
qmddf yfdL k"vf{sf] 3/df sfhlqmof ;d]t bfh'efO{n] ;s]sf
/x]5g . yfdL ;+:sf/ cg';f/ k'g lalw ul/ Aojxf/df NofPF. o;/L
of6Lsf] 5f]/L a9\b} uof] qmdz . 3/sf] sfd ug]{ qmddf
5f]/LnfO{ vf]nfdf kfgL lng k7fO{GYof] / yfdL k"vf{sf]
k"j{ >LdtL klg lhljt /x]sf] lyof] . lghn] hlxn] klg kfgL
l9nf] Nofpg] ub{Yof] ;f] qmddf 7'nLcfdfn] lrofFpg
hfbf ;f] of6Lsf] aRrfn] sGbd"n x? vfhL vfbf] /x]5 . o; ;u}
7"nf] 7"nf] 9'ª\uf kN6fO{ df5f / kfxfx? vfhL vfbf] /x]5 .
rKn]6f] 9'ª\ufdf a;L cfkm\gf] cfdfsf] ?k wf/0f ug{sf] nfuL
nf]xf]/f]n] 9'ª\ufdf 6fs,6f]s 7f]s eg]/ afrf u/]sf] 7'nLcfdfn]
b]v]kl5 lghnfO{ /f]sL afa';uF 5nkmn u/]/dfq ?kwf/0f
ug{ ;S5; egL 3/ nuL afa';uF 5nkmn ul/ ;xdtL eof] . cfdf ?
k3f/0f ug{ kfpFb}g; c? s] 5 egL ;f]Wbf pGo" km'Nbf, 9'ª\
uf 6';fpbf, eu]/fn] kfO{nf ;fbf{ d]/f] cfdfsf] y/afrf /xg' k5{
elg afrfaGwg eof] . yfdL efiffdf of6LnfO{ cfkfg eg]sf]n]
cfkgfgl5/L y/ /xg uof] . p;sf] ;Gtfgsf] y/ qmdz of6Ll5/L,
vf6Ll5/L, ofGt]l5/L, rfNbfl5/L, Uofafl5/L, of]jgl5/L /
bf]dgl5/L /x]sf] 5 . xn;Dd yfdL hftLdf oL y/x? sfod} /x]sf
5.