PLSC111 Introduction to Horticulture Lab

2nd Practical Study Guide

Lab 7 – Flower Anatomy

 Explain the function of flowers

 List, recognize and label the 4 concentric whirls that make up a flower
 Recognize and label flower parts (see 7-3)
 Differentiate M and F reproductive structures and functions
 Differentiate monocots and dicots based on number arrangement of flower parts
 Recognize the difference between:
o radial and bilateral symmetry
o complete and incomplete flowers
o perfect and imperfect flowers
o ancestral and derived flowers
o monoecious and dioecious plants
o petals and tepals
o inferior and superior ovaries

Lab 8 – Fruit and Vegetable Anatomy

 Recognize and explain the difference between fruits and vegetables using botanical terms
 Define and explain the functions of fruit
 Identify vegetative structures that we consume (see 8-10 and 8-11)
 Know the differences between tubers and roots that were discussed in class
 Distinguish axillary buds from the apical bud of a tuber
 Recognize and identify fruits according to the three major groups and 1 sub-group:
simple, aggregate, multiple, and accessory
 Identify the difference between simple dry fruits (dehiscent or indehiscent)
 Use a dichotomous key (like that on 8-9) to identify subgroups of fruit (berry, drupe,
achene, etc.)
 Recognize and label the three tissues that make up the pericarp
 Identify flower parts that remain visible in maturing or matured fruit
 Know what molecules fruits and vegetables store and how they affect taste

Lab 9 – Plant Propagation

 Know the differences, including benefits and shortcomings, between sexual and
vegetative propagation
 Recognize and label plant parts associated with propagation
 Define chimeras and understand why vegetative propagation is necessary for
reproduction of them
 Label the layers of the corpus and tunica and understand how cells divide within them
 Recognize the patterns associated with the three types of chimeras discussed in class
  Recognize the difference between an approach graft and a hole insertion graft

Lab 10 – Post Harvest

 Be familiar with the approach that common postharvest technologies use to maintain
quality/extend shelf life
 Identify/list common postharvest injury
 Understand the difference between climacteric fruit and non-climacteric fruit
 Understand the relationship between:
o pH and browning
o respiration and temperature
o temperature and ethylene production
o ethylene production and ripening/senescence
o ethylene sensitivity and shelf life
o respiration rate the concentration of CO2
 Use formula (provided) to calculate a respiration rate after making necessary unit
conversions

Lab 11 – Plant Taxonomy

 Understand the relationship between botanical nomenclature and plant taxonomy

 Use botanical genus and epithet as well as cultivar or variety to write the scientific name
of a chosen plant. You choose the format (see 11-2). No scribble scratch on this one! I
need to be able to read your answer.
 Understand the difference between cultivars and varieties as well as how they are
propagated and reasons why
 Identify leaf types (11-4) and arrangements (11-5)
 Label a stem and a simple leaf
 Identify the pattern of venation (11-6)