Name: Date:

Smoking and its Effect on the Respiratory System

Load the webpage: https://www.abpischools.org.uk/topics/breathing-and-asthma/smoking-and-
its-effect-on-the-breathing-system/

Answer all of the following using information from this page. Please type your answers in
another color.

1. How many cigarettes are bought every day?

18 billion
2. How many different chemicals make up a cigarette?
more than 7,000 chemicals
3. Per year, how many deaths occur from smoking-related diseases, on average?
around 120,000 deaths
4. What is the definition of a disease? (may need to look up elsewhere)
illness or sickness characterized by specific signs or symptoms
5. What is the definition of fatal? (may need to look up elsewhere)
Deathly
6. The pH value of cigarette smoke is about 6.2. Is it an acid or a base?
Acidic
7. What is the effect of cigarette smoke on the lining of the bronchi and bronchioles?
lining becomes inflamed and swollen and may also become infected. This can last for
months and even years, causing shortness of breath, coughing, and chest pain. This is
known as chronic bronchitis.
8. Fill in the blank:
Tobacco smoke contains tar, ________a black, sticky
subtance_________________________________ as well as many other chemicals.

9. In a separate tab, research the definition of emphysema. Record the definition below.
a type of lung disease that causes breathlessness
10. What is a carcinogen?
Something which causes cancer.
11. In a separate tab, research the definition of cancer. Record the definition below.
any one of a large number of diseases characterized by the development of abnormal
cells that divide uncontrollably and have the ability to infiltrate and destroy normal body
tissue
12. Fill in the blank:
There is plenty of space in the lungs so ____lung cancers often grow
silently,_____________________________________ or areas of the body, forming secondary
[tumors].
13. In a separate tab, research the definition of tumor. Record the definition below.
An abnormal mass of tissue that forms when cells grow and divide more than they
should or do not die when they should
14. In the line graph, which continuous data set has a positive correlation (positive slope):
cigarette consumption OR lung cancer?
Lung cancer

15. In the histogram, which two populations have the highest relative risk of developing lung
cancer?
Current smokers (mostly men)

Find the animation provided at the bottom of the page. Click through the interactive to
answer the following questions.

16. Why do smokers often cough more than non-smokers?

To get rid of all the extra mucus which builds up in the lungs

17. Fill in the blank:

The chemicals in the tar deposited from tobacco smoke can cause ____mutations___________ in
the ___nucleus _________ of some of the cells lining the airways.

18. Fill in the blank:

Tumors can grow very large. Small pieces may ____break off and be carried around the body
and the blood stream ________ ______, spreading the cancer to other parts of the body.

19. Think about your family health history. Has anyone in previous generations suffered from
some form of cancer, yes or no? What kinds of cancer? (Don’t have to be too specific, write it if
you know and you feel comfortable)
I don’t know??????