Department of Mechanical Engineering

VIBRATION AND CONTROL SYSTEM

EXPERIENTIAL LEARNING

SLIDER CRANK MECHANISM

Submitted by

Jaiprakash I P 1RV20ME051

Submitted to
Dr, Srihari P V
Associate Professor
Dept of Mechanical Engineering
RV College of Engineering
A Slider-Crank Mechanism is a common mechanical linkage that converts rotational motion into
linear motion and vice versa. It consists of four main components:

1. Crank: The crank is a rotating lever that converts the input rotary motion into reciprocating (linear)
motion. It is usually the part of the mechanism that is driven by a motor or an external force.

2. Connecting Rod: The connecting rod connects the crank to the slider. It transmits the motion from
the rotating crank to the sliding (reciprocating) motion of the slider.

3. Slider: The slider is a component that moves back and forth in a straight line. It is typically
constrained to move along a guided path. The slider's motion is the output of the mechanism, and
it can be used to perform useful work or convey motion to another part of a machine.

4. Pivot or Revolute : Joints are the points where two components connect and allow relative motion
between them. In a Slider-Crank Mechanism, there is a pivot joint at the connection between the
crank and the connecting rod, allowing the crank to rotate.

These components work together to convert rotary motion into linear motion or vice versa. The crank
rotates, and through the connecting rod, it imparts a linear motion to the slider. This mechanism
is commonly found in engines, pumps, and various mechanical systems where converting
rotational motion to linear motion is required. The design and dimensions of the components can
be adjusted to achieve specific motion characteristics and force requirements for a particular
application.
Significance of analysing the Slider-Crank Mechanism

Analyzing the Slider-Crank Mechanism is significant for several reasons, as it provides insights into
the behavior and performance of the mechanism, leading to improvements in design, efficiency,
and reliability. Here are some key reasons for analyzing the Slider-Crank Mechanism:

1. Kinematic Analysis: Studying the kinematics of the Slider-Crank Mechanism helps in

understanding the relationships between different parts of the mechanism and their motion
profiles. This includes the displacement, velocity, and acceleration of the slider, which are crucial
for optimizing the design and ensuring proper functioning.

2. Dynamic Analysis: Analyzing the dynamic behavior of the mechanism involves studying the
forces and torques involved during its operation. This analysis is essential for assessing the loads
on different components, predicting wear and tear, and ensuring the mechanism's structural
integrity.

3. Efficiency Improvement: By understanding the motion characteristics and forces within the
Slider-Crank Mechanism, engineers can identify opportunities to optimize the design for better
efficiency. This may involve adjusting component dimensions, materials, or lubrication strategies
to minimize energy losses and improve overall performance.

4. Control System Design: For applications where precise control of motion is required, such as in
engines or robotics, a thorough analysis of the Slider-Crank Mechanism aids in designing
effective control systems. This ensures accurate and reliable operation of the mechanism in
various conditions.

5. Failure Prevention: Analyzing the forces and stresses within the Slider-Crank Mechanism helps
in identifying potential points of failure or fatigue. Engineers can then take measures to enhance
the durability of critical components, reducing the risk of unexpected breakdowns or maintenance
issues.

6. Application Optimization: The Slider-Crank Mechanism is used in various machines and devices,
including engines, pumps, and manufacturing equipment. Analyzing its behavior allows engineers
to tailor the mechanism to specific applications, ensuring it meets performance requirements and
operates efficiently in a given context.

7. Innovation and Development: Continuous analysis and understanding of the Slider-Crank

Mechanism contribute to ongoing innovation and development in mechanical engineering. It may
lead to the discovery of new configurations, materials, or manufacturing techniques that can
enhance the performance and reliability of similar mechanisms.
Consider a slider-crank mechanism with the following parameters:
• Crank length (r): 0.2 meters
• Connecting rod length (l): 0.6 meters
• Slider mass (m_s): 0.5 kg
• Crank mass (m_c): 1.0 kg
• Angular speed of the crank (ω): 5 rad/s
Determine the:
1. Angular velocity of the connecting rod.
2. Velocity of the slider.
3. Acceleration of the slider.
4. Calculate the forces and moments acting on the slider at a given position.

1. Angular Velocity of the Connecting Rod:

ωcr=r/l⋅ω⋅cos(θ)

2. Velocity of the Slider:

vs=-l⋅ωcr

3. Acceleration of the Slider:

αs=−l⋅ω2⋅sin(θ)

4. Force on the Slider:

Fs=ms⋅αs

MATLAB CODE
% Slider-Crank Mechanism Vibration Analysis

% Given parameters
r = 0.2; % Crank length (m)
l = 0.6; % Connecting rod length (m)
m_s = 0.5; % Slider mass (kg)
m_c = 1.0; % Crank mass (kg)
omega = 5; % Angular speed of the crank (rad/s)

% Calculations
theta = linspace(0, 2*pi, 100); % Angular position vector
theta_dot = omega; % Angular velocity (constant for uniform rotation)

% Angular velocity of the connecting rod

omega_cr = r / l * omega * cos(theta);

% Velocity of the slider

v_s = l * omega_cr;

% Acceleration of the slider

alpha_s = -l * omega^2 * sin(theta);

% Forces and moments on the slider (example calculation, actual values depend on specific position)
force_s = m_s * alpha_s; % Example force on the slider

% Plotting
figure;

subplot(3, 1, 1);
plot(theta, omega_cr);
xlabel('Theta (rad)');
ylabel('Angular Velocity of Connecting Rod (rad/s)');
title('Angular Velocity');

subplot(3, 1, 2);
plot(theta, v_s);
xlabel('Theta (rad)');
ylabel('Velocity of Slider (m/s)');
title('Slider Velocity');

subplot(3, 1, 3);
plot(theta, force_s);
xlabel('Theta (rad)');
ylabel('Force on Slider (N)');
title('Force on Slider');
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:

Analyzing the vibration of a Slider-Crank Mechanism involves considering dynamic forces,

accelerations, and potential vibrations that may occur during its operation. Below is a simple
MATLAB code that includes dynamic analysis to simulate and analyze the vibration of a Slider-
Crank Mechanism.

Explanation:

1. The `sliderCrankVibrationAnalysis` function now includes a mass parameter (`m`) for the slider
and an additional differential equation for the angular velocity (`theta_dot`) of the crank.

2. The `odeFunction` function has been updated to include the dynamic forces and accelerations that
contribute to the vibration of the mechanism.

3. The simulation results are plotted to show the angles of the crank and connecting rod over time, as
well as the angular velocity of the crank.
Discussion:

1. Angle Variation: The first subplot shows the variation of the crank angle (\(\theta\)) and the
connecting rod angle (\(\phi\)) over time. You may observe how these angles evolve and
potentially exhibit vibration characteristics.

2. Angular Velocity: The second subplot displays the angular velocity of the crank over time.
Changes in angular velocity may indicate accelerations or decelerations associated with the
mechanism's vibration.

3. Effect of Mass: The inclusion of the mass of the slider in the dynamic analysis allows for a more
realistic representation of the system. The mass affects the inertia and dynamic forces,
contributing to the overall vibration behaviour.

4. Parameter Sensitivity: As before, you can experiment with changing the values of `L1`, `L2`,
`omega`, and `m` to observe their effects on the vibration characteristics.

5. Further Analysis: For a more comprehensive analysis, you might consider incorporating damping
forces, external forces, and exploring frequency domain analysis techniques such as Fourier
transforms to identify dominant vibration frequencies.