CBSE SAMPLE PAPER FOR CLASS-12

CHEMISTRY

Time: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 70

General Instructions

1. All questions are compulsory

2. Question nos. 1 to 8 are very short answer questions and carry 1 mark each.

3. Question nos. 9 to 18 are short answer questions and carry 2 marks each.

4. Question nos. 19 to 27 are also short answer questions and carry 3 marks each.

5. Question nos. 28 to 30 are long answer questions and carry 5 marks each.

6. Use log tables if necessary, use of calculators is not allowed.

1. How are multimolecular colloids different from macromolecular colloids? [1]

2. What type of isomerism is exhibited by the following pair: [1]

[Co(NH3)5Br]SO4 and [Co(NH3)5SO4]Br?

3. Write the mechanism of nucleophillic addition of HCN to a carbonyl compound. [1]

4. Give reasons:- [1]

Electrophilic substitution in benzoic acid takes place at meta position.

5. Give a chemical test to distinguish between a primary and a secondary amine. [1]

6. Name the type of bonding which stabilizes α helix structure in proteins.

7. Write the structures of monomers used and one used of each of the following polymers: [1]

a) Teflon

b) Buna-N

8. Explain the terms with suitable example [1]

Cationic detergents

9. AgI crystallizes in cubic close packed ZnS structure. What fractions of tetrahedral sites are
occupied by Ag+ ions? [2]

10. Explain the following terms with suitable examples: [2]

i) Ferromagnetism ii) n-type semiconductor

11. The Henry law constant for oxygen dissolved in water is 4.34 ´ 104 atm. at 25°C. If the partial
pressure of oxygen in air is 0.2 atm. under ordinary atmospheric conditions. Calculate the
concentration (in moles per litre) of dissolved oxygen in water in equilibrium with air at 25°C.
[2]

12. How much electricity in terms of Faraday is required to produce

a) 20.0g of Ca from molten CaCl2

b) 40.0g of Al from molten Al2O3 [2]

13. Why in any transition series, melting points first increase and then decrease and also they show
a dip in the middle? [2]

14. Write the formulae of the following complexes:

i) Pentammninechlorocobalt(III) ii) Lithium tetrahydroaluminate (III)

2
15. What is a stereospecific reaction? Give one example of this reaction. [2]

16. Which of the following has highest dipole moment? Why?

i) CH2Cl2 ii) CHCl3 iii) CCl4 [2]

17. Write the names and molecular structures of the monomers of the following polymers. Give one
use of each specifying the property responsible for this use [2]

i) Nylon-6

ii) Neoprene

18. a) How do antiseptics differ from disinfectants? Give example of each. [2]

b) How are detergents better than soaps?

OR

Give reasons for the following:

a) There is a slight decrease in atomic radius from Al to Ga in Group 13.

b) Group 13 halides act as Lewis acids.

19. Urea forms an ideal solution in water. Determine the vapour pressure of an aqueous solution
containing 10% by mass of urea at 40°C. (Vapour pressure of wter at 40°C = 55.3 mm of Hg)
[3]
[2]

20. a) Why does the conductivity of a solution decrease with dilution? [3]

b) Calculate the emf of the cell in which the following reaction takes place:

Ni (s) + 2Ag + (0.002M) ¾¾

® Ni 2+ (0.160M) + 2Ag (s)

Given that E cell = 1.05V

0

21. a) Of NH3 and CO2 which will be absorbed more readily one the surface of charcoal and why?
[3]

b) How are multimolecular colloids different from macromolecular colloids?

c) State the principle of electrodilaysis.

22. Give reasons for the following: [5]

a) Reactivity of lead in air decreases with time.

b) SiCl4 is hydrolysed readily.

c) Among the noble gases only xenon is well known to form chemical compounds.

3
23. Justifying the order of your choice, arrange the following in decreasing order of property
indicated. [3]

i) NH3, PH3, AsH3, SbH 3 – basic strength

ii) HClO4, HClO3, HClO2, HClO – oxidizing power

iii) M – F, M – Br, M – Cl, M – I – Ionic character

OR

Give reasons for the following: [5]

a) Aluminium becomes passive when treated with concentrated nitric acid.

b) HF is least volatile, whereas HCl is the most volatile.

c) Concentrated nitric acid turns yellow on exposure to sunlight.

24. a) Among the iron complexes, K3[Fe(CN)6] is weakly paramagnetism whereas K3[FeF6] is highly
paramagnetic explain.

b) Define crystal field orbital splitting energy.

c) Write the shape of Fe(CO)5 molecule. [3]

25. How will you distinguish between 1-phenylethanol and 2-phenylethanol? [3]

26. Give a chemical test to distinguish between aniline and ethylamine. Give a chemical test to
distinguish between a primary and a secondary amine. [3]

27. a) Write two differences between vitamins and hormones. Give one example each. [3]

b) List four biological functions of proteins.

28. Account for the following: [5]

i) All the bonds in PCl5 are not equivalent.

ii) Sulphur in vapour state exhibits paramagnetism.

iii) Fluorine in the strongest oxidant amongst the halogens.

iv) Among the noble gases, only xenon is known to form true chemical compounds.

v) PbO2 is a stronger oxidising agent than SnO2.

OR

i) Name chief ore of Lead. Write chemical reactions involving the extraction of Lead from this
ore.

ii) Describe the preparation of ClO2, HOCl and XeF4.

4
29. For the chemical reaction A + 2B ¾® 2C + D, the experimentally determined information has
been tabulated below: [5]

Experiment [A]0 [B]0 Initial rate of reaction

1 0.30 0.30 0.096

2 0.60 0.30 0.384

3 0.30 0.60 0.192

4 0.60 0.60 0.768

For the above reaction,

a) Calculate the order of reaction w.r.t. both the reactants A and B

b) Write the expression for rate law

c) Calculate the value of the rate constant

d) Write the expression for the rate of reaction in terms of A and C

OR

For the reaction A + B ¾® products, the following initial rates were obtained at various given
initial concentrations.

S.No. [A] [B] Rate (mol L–1s–1)

1 0.1 0.1 0.05

2 0.2 0.1 0.10

3 0.1 0.2 0.05

Write rate law and find the rate constant for the above reaction.

30. Give structure of the following products: [5]

a) H C COOH b) H C COOH
¾¾¾
D2 /Pt
® Pr oduct ¾¾¾
D2 /Pt
® Pr oduct
H C COOH HOOC C H

OR

What is the product of following reaction:

O Zn - Hg/HCl
O O ¾¾¾¾® (A)

5
 SOLUTIONS

SOLUTIO
1.

Multimolecular colloids Macromolecular colloids

They consists of aggregation of small They consist of large molecules, i.e., polymers.
atoms or molecules.
e.g., starch sol., albumin sol.
e.g., sulphur sol., As2S3 sol.

2. Ionisation isomers:

Test : Add BaCl2(aq), [Co(NH3)5Br]SO4 will give white precipitate insoluble in conc. HCl.

Add AgNO3 solution, [Co(NH3)5SO4]Br will give yellow ppt. due to AgBr which is partially soluble
in excess of NH4OH.

3. Phenol and benzoic acid

i) NaHCO3 Test: Add sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) to each compound. With benzoic acid,
CO2 gas is evolved.

HO O
COONa

+ NaHCO3 ¾¾
® + CO 2 + H 2 O

Phenol +NaHCO3 ¾¾
® do not product CO 2 i.e. no efferversence

ii) Mechanism

® H + + CN -
HCN ¾¾
R -
R O R OH
d+ d-
+ CN - ¾¾
+
O ® +H
¾¾¾ ®
H H CN H CN
Aldehyde cynohydrin

4. It is because there is +ve charge on o- and p-positions, therefore, electrophillic substitution takes
place at m-position as shown in following resonating structures.

6
 HO O HO O HO O HO O HO O

5. Carbylamine reaction (Isocyanide test). Add CHCl3 and KOH. Primary amine will form offensive
smelling compound isocyanide whereas secondary amine does not react.

6. H-bonding in d-helix, formed between the C = O of one amino acid residue and the N-H of the
fourth amino acid residue in the chain.

7. a) CF2 = CF2. It is used for making non-stick kitchenware.

b) CH2 = CH – CH = CH2 and CH 2 = CH are monomers of Buna-N.

|
CN

It is used in making automobile tyres.

8. Cationic detergents: These are quaternary ammonium salts. For example,

cetyltrimethylammonium chloride.

9. In the face-centred unit cell, there are eight tetrahedral voids. Of these, half are occupied by
silver cations.

10. i) Ferromagnetism. When magnetic moments (electron spins) in a substance align in parallel
and antiparallel directions in unequal numbers so that there is net dipole moment, the
substance is ferromagnetic.

Example: Fe3O4, M2+Fe2O4 where M = Mg, Cu, Zn (any one)

ii) n-type semiconductor: It is formed when impurity atom containing more valency
electrons than the parent insulator atom is introduced into it. The unbounded electrons are
the current carriers.

Example: A trace amount of phosphorus on adding to extremely pure silicon by a process

called doping forms an n-type semi-conductor.

11. Mole fraction of oxygen in the solution:

p O2 = K H ´ X O2

p O2 0.2atm
X O2 = = = 4.6 ´ 10–6
KH 4.34 ´ 104 (atm)

changing from mole fraction to molarity

1000
n H2 O = = 55.5 moles
18

7
 ! X O2 is very small as compared to X H2 O

n O2 + n H 2 O = n H 2 O

n O2
x O2 =
n H2 O

X O2 + n H 2 O = n O2

4.6 ´ 10–6 ´ 55.5 = n O2 = 2.6 ´ 10–4 moles

Molarity = 2.6 ´ 10–4 M.

12. a) Ca2+ + 2e– ¾® Ca

Thus 1 mol of Ca, i.e., 40g of Ca require electricity = 2F

\ 20g of Ca will require electricity = 1F

b) Al3+ + 3e– ¾® Al

Thus, 1 mol of Al, i.e., 27g of Al require electricity = 3F

3
\ 40g of Al will require electricity = ´ 40 = 4.44F
25

13. Melting points first increase because the number of unpaired electrons increases and hence
strength of metallic bond increases. After reacting the maximum, the melting points decrease
because the pairing of electron starts in the d-subshell and number of unpaired electrons
decreases and so the strength of metallic bond decreases. The dip in the middle is due to exactly
half-filled configuration of d-subshell which has higher stability. Hence, electrons are held tightly
by the nucleus. As a result, metallic bond is weaker.

14. i) [Co(NH3)5Cl]2+

ii) Li(AlH4]

15. A reaction is stereospecific when a particular stereoisomereic form of the starting material reacts
in such a way that it gives stereoisomeric form of the product.

Example: Addition of halogens to alkenes or any other suitable example.

16. The three dimensional structure of the three compounds along with the direction of dipole
moment in each of their bonds are given below:

Cl H Cl Cl Cl Cl

C C C

Cl H Cl H Cl Cl

8
 CCl4 being symmetrical has zero dipole moments. In CHCl3.

In CH2Cl2, the resultant of two C – Cl dipole moments is reinforced by resultant of two C – H

dipoles, therefore, CH2Cl2 (1.62D) has a dipole moment higher than that of CHCl3. Thus
CH2Cl2 has the highest dipole moment.

17. i) Monomer of Nylon 6: e-aminocaproic acid NH2 – (CH2)5–COOH

It is used for making ropes, tyre cords because it has high tensile strength

ii) Monomer of Neoprene: chloroprene

H2C

Cl CH2

It is used for conveyor belts in coal mines because it is non-inflammable.

18. a) Antiseptics are chemical substances which prevent the growth of microorganisms but are
not harmful to human or animal tissues. For example, dettol and savlon.

Disinfectants are chemical substances which kill microorganisms but are not safe to be
applied to the living tissues. Some common examples of disinfectants are phenol (³ 1%
solution) and chlorine (0.2 to 0.4 ppm).

b) They can be used in hard water as well in acidic solution. The reason being that sulphonic
acids and their calcium and magnesium salts are soluble in water but the fatty acids and
their calcium and magnesium salts are insoluble.

OR

a) It is due to poor shielding effect of d-electrons due to which effective nuclear charge
increases.

b) It is because they are electron deficient, i.e., their octet is not complete.

PAo - PA
19. = xB
PAo

PA
1- = xB
PAo

10
P P 1 1 1
1 - A = 60 Þ 1 - A = ´ =
55.3 90 55.3 6 5 30
18

PA 1 29
Þ = 1- =
55.3 30 30

9
 55.3 ´ 29 1603.7
Þ PA = = = 53.47 mm
30 30

20. a) Conductivity of a solution is the conductance of ions present in a unit volume of the solution.
On dilution, the number of ions per unit volume decreases. Hence, the conductivity
decreases.

b) Applying Nernst equation to the given cell reaction

0.0591 [Ni 2+ ]
E cell = E 0cell - log = 1.05
n [Ag + ]2
0.0591 0.160 0.0591
V- log 2
= 1.05 - log(4 ´104 )
2 (0.002) 2

0.0591
= 1.05 - (4.6021) = 1.05 - 0.14V = 0.91V
2

21. a) NH3 will be adsorbed more readily on the surface of charcoal because it has higher critical
temperature due to more Vander Waal’s forces of attraction.

b)

Multimolecular colloids Macromolecular colloids

They consists of aggregation of small They consist of large molecules, i.e., polymers.
atoms or molecules.
e.g., starch sol., albumin sol.
e.g., sulphur sol., As2S3 sol.

c) Electrodialysis. It is based on the principle that ions can pass through parchment paper
faster in electric field than colloidal particles and thus get separated.

22. a) It is due to formation of lead oxide and finally lead carbonate and lead hydroxide on their
surface.

b) It is due to presence of d-orbitals in SiCl4.

c) It is due to bigger size or ‘Xe’ due to which it has lower ionization energy and high polarizing
power.

23. i) NH3 > PH3 > AsH3 > SbH3 because atomic size goes on increasing therefore, lone pair of
electron becomes less available.

ii) HClO > HClO2 > HClO3 > HClO4 because HClO is least stable whereas HClO4 is most stable
and cannot give oxygen.

iii) M – F > M – Cl > M – Br > M – I because F is more electronegative whereas iodine is least
electronegative.

OR

10
 a) It is due to formation of oxide layer on its surface which makes it passive.

b) It is because HF molecules are associated with intermolecular H-bonding that is why it is

least volatile whereas HCl has least Vander Waal’s forces of attraction, therefore, it is most
volatile.

c) It is because nitric acid decomposes to NO2 which is brown in colour and makes HNO3 yellow.

24. a) Since F– ion is a weak ligand, d-electrons remain unpaired whereas CN– ion is a strong ligand
and electrons get paired up.

b) The energy difference (D) between the lower and higher orbitals obtained as a result of
splitting d-orbitals in a crystal field is known as splitting energy.

c) Trigonal bipyramidal.

25. By iodoform test. 1-phenyethanol contains the grouping –CHOH – CH3 and hence gives iodoform
test while 2-phenylethanol does not contain the grouping –CHOH – CH3 and hence does not give
iodoform test.

C6 H 5 - CHOH - CH 3 ¾¾¾¾
I2 / NaOH
® CHI3
1-Phenylethanol Iodoform

C6 H 5CH 2CH 2OH ¾¾¾¾

I2 / NaOH
® No reaction
1-Phenylethanol

26. Add NaNO2 and conc. HCl. Cool it to 0 to 5°C. Then add alkaline solution of phenol. Orange dye
is formed in case of aniline whereas ethyl amine does not give orange dye. Carbylamine reaction
(Isocyanide test). Add CHCl3 and KOH. Primary amine will form offensive smelling compound
isocyanide whereas secondary amine does not react.

27. a) Hormones

i) Molecules that transfer information from one group of cells to distant tissue or organ.

ii) These are synthesised by the body’s own glands.

Vitamins

i) These are essential dietary factors required by an organism in minutes quantities.

ii) Supplied to the body chiefly from the food eaten.

Examples: Hormones : Estronges

Vitamins : Vitamin D

b) Functions:

1) For transport mechanism as oxygen by haemoglobin.

2) For maintainance of fluid balance.

11
 3) For regulation of metabolism.

4) In a structural sense for membranes of connective tissues or any other functions.

28. i) There are two axial and three equatorial bonds in PCl5 molecules as a result of sp3d
hybridisation. There is repulsive force between the electrons in the axial plane and equatorial
plane which results in the axial elongation of bonds.

ii) Sulphur in vapour state forms some S2 molecules which like O2 molecules contains unpaired
electrons and hence paramagnetic.

iii) Because of the lower bond energy of F – F bond and higher hydration energy of F– ions.

iv) Xenon has the lowest ionization energy among the noble gases except radon which is
however radioactive.

v) The lower oxidation state gets stabilised with increase in atomic number in the same group
of p-block element (inert pair effect), hence PbO2 is a stronger oxidant than SnO2.

OR

i) Chief ore of Lead in Galena Pbs.

Reactions occurring in blast furnance are

2PbS + 3O2 ¾® 2PbO + 2SO2

PbS(s) + 2PbO(s) ¾® 3Pb(cl) + SO2(g)

ii) Chlorine dioxide ClO2 as prepared by reduction of ClO3 with SO2 in strongly acidic medium.

SO2 in strongly acidic medium.

2NaClO3(aq) + SO2(g) ¾¾
acid
¾® 2ClO2(g) + Na2SO4(aq)

Chloric (I) acid HOCl is prepared by disproportionation of chlorine in water in presence of

HgO

2Cl2 + 2HgO + H2O ¾® HgO. HgCl2 + HOCl

Xenon tetrafluride XeF4 is prepared by reaction of Xenon and F2 in the ratio of 1 : 5 at 873
K and 7 bar.

Xe(g) +2F2 (g) ¾¾¾

873K
7 bar
® XeF4

29. a) Calculation of order with respect to A and B

Let the rate law equation for the reaction be: rate = k [A]x[B]y.

The rates for the four experiments may be written as:

0.096 = k [0.30]x [0.30]y (i)

12
 0.384 = k [0.60]x [0.30]y (ii)

0.192 = k [0.30]x [0.60]y (iii)

0.768 = k [0.60]x [0.60]y (iv)

Dividing equation (ii) by equation (i), we get

0.384 k[0.60]x [0.30]y

= x y
or 4 = (2) x
0.096 k[0.30] [0.30]

(2)2 = (2)x or x = 2

Dividing equation (iii) equation (i), we get

0.192 k[0.30]x [0.60]y

= or 2 = (2) y
0.096 k[0.30]x [0.30]y

(2)1 = (2)y or y = 1

Order w.r.t. A = 2; B = 1.

b) Rate law expression; Rate (r) = k[A]2[B]1

Rate(r) 0.096 0.096

c) Rate constant (k) = = = = 3.56
[A ][B] (0.30) ´ (0.30) 0.027
2 1 2

-d[A] 1 [C]
d) Rate of reaction in terms of A and C : Rate = = .
dt 2 dt

OR

The rate law equation may be expressed as:

Rate = k [A]p [B]q

Comparing experiments 1 and 2.

(Rate)1 = k [0.1]p [0.1]q = 0.05 … (i)

(Rate)2 = k [0.2]p [0.1]q = 0.10 … (ii)

Dividing equation (ii) by equation (i)

(Rate) 2 k[0.2]p [0.1]q 0.10

= = = 2; [2]p = [2]1 or p = 1
(Rate)1 k[0.1]p [0.1]q 0.05

Comparing experiments 1 and 3

(Rate)1 = k [0.1]p [0.1]q = 0.05 … (i)

(Rate)3 = k[0.1]p [0.2]q = 0.05 … (iii)

13
 Dividing equation (iii) by equation (i)

(Rate)3 k[0.1]p [0.2]q 0.05

= = = 1; [2]q = 1 = [2]0 or q = 0
(Rate)1 k[0.1]p [0.1]q 0.05

Rate law for the reaction, rate = k[A]1 [B]0

Rate constant (k) for the reaction may be calculated as follows:

0.05
K[0.1]p [0.1]q = 0.05; k[0.1]1 [0.1]0 = 0.05; k = = 0.5
0.1

30. The addition is syn therefore cis alkene will give meso product (use CSM rule) and trans alkene
will give (dl) mixture.

a) COOH
H C COOH H C D
¾¾¾
D2 /Pt
®
H C COOH H C D
cis COOH
meso

b) COOH COOH
H C COOH H C D D C H
¾¾¾
D2 /Pt
®
HOOC C H D C H H C D
COOH COOH
dl mixture

OR

O
O O O +

O
Zn - Hg/HCl
O ¾¾¾¾® ¾¾¾¾
H /H 2 O
® Zn - Hg/HCl
¾¾¾¾®

Zn-Hg reduces only >C = O group to > CH2 group and does not affect any other functional group.
But in acidic medium keto group is deprotected (i.e., cyclic ketal hydrolyses) and the keto group
formed is further reduced to methylene (>CH2) group.

14