‫ُة‬

‫"أنا المعشوق السمرا … أجلى في الفناجين‬

‫َع‬ ‫ُع‬
‫و ود الهند لي ِع طر … وذكري شا في‬
‫الصين!"‬

‫‪Coffee Craze‬‬
‫خمرة المؤمنين‬
‫‪Presentation by Ahmad Yagoub‬‬
 INDEX

1 Introduction 2 HELLO BARISTAS! 3 Tripoli’s Coffee Legacy

• What is Coffee? • Arabica & Robusta • Shaykh Omar al-Mukhtar
• History of Coffee • Extraction of • Al-Qahwah Khanah
• Economical Impact • Beans Roasting • Diwan al-Qahwah
• Grinding

Arabica and Robusta

Arabica more expensive?
Extraction of beans
Water and coffee
4 impacts on coffee
Roasting
Grinding
Methods?
Creamy Face
Coffee without Caffeine
How to keep coffee in the
house?
 The wordcoffeeentered the English
language in 1582 via theDutchkoffie,
borrowed from theOttoman Turkishkahve.

What is Medieval Arablexicographerstraditionally

Coffee?
held that theetymologyofqahwahmeant
'wine', given its distinctly dark color, and
was derived from the verb”qahiya” to have
no appetite. Qahwahis not the name of the
bean, which are known in Arabic asbunn.
“The story goes that Kaldi was a goatherd who lived in the Kaffa
region of Ethiopia. One day, Kaldi noticed that his goats were
acting strangely. They were more energetic than usual, and they
seemed to be unable to sleep. Kaldi investigated and found that
the goats had been eating the berries from a certain tree. Kaldi
tried the berries himself and found that they had a stimulating
effect. He also found that the berries helped him to stay awake and
alert.
Kaldi took the berries to a nearby monastery, where he shared
them
with the monks. The monks were initially skeptical, but they
eventually
tried the berries and found that they had the same stimulating
effect Kald , Ethiopian Goatherd
as Kaldi had described. The monks began to roast the berries and
brew them into a beverage, which they called "qahwa." Qahwa i
quickly became popular among the monks, and it soon spread to
other parts of Ethiopia and the Middle East.
The story of Kaldi is a popular legend, but there is no historical
evidence to support it. However, the legend is a reminder of the

“
important role that Ethiopia has played in the history of coffee.
Ethiopia is still considered to be the birthplace of coffee, and it is
the
world's leading producer of Arabica coffee beans.
The earliest credible evidence of coffee-drinking or
knowledge of the coffee tree appears in the middle
of the 15th century in the accounts of Ahmed al-
Ghaffar in Yemen,where coffee seeds were first
roasted and brewed in a similar way to how it is
prepared now. Coffee was used bySuficircles to
stay awake for their religious rituals.Accounts differ
on the origin of the coffee plant prior to its
appearance in Yemen. From Ethiopia, coffee could
have been introduced to Yemen via trade across
the Red Sea.One account credits MuhammadIbn
Sa'dfor bringing the beverage toAdenfrom the
African coast,other early accounts say Ali ben Omar
of theShadhiliSufi order was the first to introduce
coffee to Arabia. According to al Shardi, Ali ben
Omar may have encountered coffee during his
stay with theAdalkingSadadin's companions in
1401.
 The Wine of Arabia

However, it was in Yemen, in the Port of Mokha, where the Sufi Ali Ibn
Omar al-Shadhili, roasted coffee beans and brewed the world’s first
cup of coffee. This was said to happen around 1400AD, 600 years
ago. The drink was known to be drunk in Sufi gatherings where
they would remember God. Coffee would help the Sufis get into
high spiritual states. These Sufis then travelled throughout parts of
the world and on their journeys, brought coffee beans, thereby
beginning the spread of coffee across the world.
 For most of the history of the Muslim world,

The Debate alcohol was prohibited for its highly intoxicating effects.
When Yemeni Sufi monks in the 15th century started
brewing and drinking coffee, an altered version was created
that had the effect of wine, which was forbidden for Muslims.
When this new drink
reached the holiest Islamic city Mecca, an
argument started between two parties, the first being the
sultan's scholars and the second being the Sufi monks and
scholars from Egypt, who argued with proof of its non-
intoxicating effect. The latter group argued coffee helped
Muslims perform more prayer and work with its permissible
stimulating effect. In the debate, the sultan's scholars won at
first and the Ottoman Sultan Murad IV deemed coffee
drinking as immoral. Coffee houses were then destroyed,
and coffee lovers were deemed as criminals by authorities.
However, the course changed for coffee permissibility in 1516,
when Ottoman Sultan Selim II made coffee lawful again. It
was coffee, which was coined 'The Wine of Arabia' that
became permissible for Muslims to drink.
3 Wavesof Coffee
From the 1400's Yemen was responsible
for the first wave initiation of coffee Yemen
brewing and drinking. This original coffee
movement then sprung forth a
worldwide second wave of coffee exports
across the globe between the 1600-1800's Europe
across Europe and Britain. We have today
the third wave of coffee which is the
specialty coffee movement. This is where
Sufi Monks invites you to discover the Worldwide
unique tasting qualities of rare Yemeni
coffee.
Pope Clement XIII
Coffeeaficionados often claim that the spread of its
popularity among Catholics is due to Pope Clement VIII's
influence. Responding to opposition to coffee as "Satan's
drink",with the pope's advisers asking him to denounce
the beverage. However, upon tasting coffee, Pope
Clement VIII declared: "Why, this Satan's drink is so
delicious that it would be a pity to let the infidels have
exclusive use of it."Clement allegedly blessed the bean
because it appeared better for the people than alcoholic
beverages.
Vienna
Siege
1683
“Al-Qahwah Khanah” History of Coffee
by Ahmad Yagoub

stThe 1 Coffeehouse in Tripoli, 1530

“Al-Qahwah Khanah” History of Coffee
by Ahmad Yagoub

stThe 1 Coffeehouse in Tripoli, 1530

The first coffeehouse in Tripoli, Lebanon, was
opened in 1530 by a Sufi monk named
Shaykh Omar al-Mukhtar.

It was located in the heart of the city, and it

quickly became a popular meeting place for
locals and travelers alike.

The coffeehouse was a simple affair, with just a

few tables and chairs. But it was the coffee that
made it special. The coffee was roasted and
brewed on the premises, and it was said to be
some of the best coffee in the world.

The coffeehouse soon became a center of

intellectual and political activity. Scholars,
poets, and philosophers would gather there to
discuss the latest news and ideas. The
coffeehouse was also a popular place for
political intrigue, and it is said that some of
the most important decisions in the history of
Tripoli were made there (train railway).
“Al-Qahwah Khanah” History of Coffee
by Ahmad Yagoub

stThe 1 Coffeehouse in Tripoli, 1530

The coffeehouse was located in
the al-Hamra district of the city.

• The coffeehouse was open from

early morning until late at night.

•The coffeehouse was a popular

meeting place for all social
cl asses.

The coffeehouse was a center of

intellectual and political activity.

The coffeehouse helped to spread

the popularity of coffee
throughout the region.
 “Diwan Al-Qahwah”
History of Coffee
by Ahmad Yagoub

The 1st Coffee Academy in the World, Tripoli, 1675

 “Diwan Al-Qahwah”
History of Coffee
by Ahmad Yagoub

The 1st Coffee Academy in the World, Tripoli, 1675

The first coffee academy was founded in Tripoli, Lebanon, in 1675. It was
called the "Diwan al-Qahwah," which means "the coffee academy.“

The academy was founded by a group of scholars and coffee enthusiasts

who wanted to promote the study and appreciation of coffee.

The academy offered a variety of courses on coffee, including history,

cultivation, roasting, brewing, and etiquette. The academy also hosted
lectures and discussions on the latest trends in coffee culture.

The Diwan al-Qahwah was a popular success. It attracted students from

all over the Ottoman Empire, and it helped to spread the popularity of
coffee throughout the region.

The Diwan al-Qahwah closed its doors in the early 18th century, but it left
a legacy. It is considered to be the first coffee academy in the world, and
it helped to shape the way that coffee is enjoyed today.
 “Diwan Al-Qahwah”
History of Coffee
by Ahmad Yagoub

The 1st Coffee Academy in the World, Tripoli, 1675

• The academy was founded by a group of scholars and coffee

enthusiasts.
• The academy offered a variety of courses on coffee.

• The academy hosted lectures and discussions on the latest

trends in coffee cul ture.

• The academy was a popular

success.
• The academy closed its doors in the early 18th century.

• The academy is considered to be the first coffee academy

in the world.
Leonhard Rauwolf History of Coffee
by Ahmad Yagoub

In Tripoli 1573-1575

In 1583, Leonhard Rauwolf, gave this description of coffee after

returning from a two-year trip to Tripoli:

“A beverage as black as ink, useful against

numerous illnesses, particularly those of the
stomach. Its consumers take it in the morning,
quite frankly, in a porcelain cup that is passed
around and from which each one drinks a
cupful. It is composed of water and the fruit
from a bush called bunnu”.
Spread of Coffee Map
The Coffee Belt
Coffee Consumption Map
Baristas!
ARABICA ROBUSTA
 Not Just Caffeine

•Acids and fats – Citrusity (more roasting, more disappearing) it gives shape to the drink.

• Sweetness

•Plant FiberCarbohydrate (more time in water, more bitter)

Water Impact
French Press (4-6min)

•Less than 1 min? Under Extraction

•Up to 15 min? Over Extraction

 4 Factors
that Impact the Taste

•Grinding Size

•Water Temperature

• Time

•Brewing Ratio
Roasting
THANK YOU!

Presentation by Ahmad Yagoub

dggash33@gmail.com +961 76 46 71 58