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2023 年 3 月 11 日 精选外刊 | 日本人的长寿秘诀纳豆是“智商税”吗?

【今日导读】每个国家都有那么几样传统食品,在当地人眼中是珍馐美味,在外
国人眼里是黑暗料理,比如老北京的豆汁儿、瑞典的鲱鱼罐头、法国的蓝纹奶酪
等等。我们的邻国日本也有这样一种食物,那就是大名鼎鼎的纳豆。纳豆臭烘烘
的味道和黏糊糊的质感,让很多外国人望而却步。但它又因为是传说中“日本人
长寿的秘诀”,而受到养生一族的追捧。今天我们回顾的这篇文章首次发布于
2020 年 9 月 2 日,让我们和 Jacob 老师一起看看,纳豆真的有如此神奇的功
效吗?它两极分化的口碑背后又有什么深层原因呢?

【带着问题听讲解】文章中的 consistency 是什么意思?如何理解文中的短语


be conditioned to?根据本文,纳豆对人体有哪些好处?
【正文】
Japan's most polarising superfood?
日本口碑最两级分化的超级食物?

Nattō is a traditional Japanese food made from fermented soybeans. It has an


ammonia-like smell and mucus-like consistency that makes it polarising, even
among people who grow up with it. A 2017 survey by Nifty, a Japanese
internet service provider, found that only about 62% of Japanese people
actually enjoy nattō. It also revealed that 13% actively dislike the taste.
Regardless, many eat it anyway because of the health benefits.
纳豆是一种由发酵的大豆制成的日本传统食物。它有种氨水一样的气味,而且像
粘液一样粘稠,这让(人们对)纳豆的评价两极分化,即使在从小就接触纳豆的
人群中也是如此。一家提供互联网服务的日本公司 Nifty 在 2017 年进行了一
次调研,发现只有大约 62% 的日本人真的喜欢纳豆。调研结果还指出,有 13%
的日本人非常不喜欢这种味道。但无论如何,还是有很多人因为纳豆对健康有益
而食用它。

The Japanese have long hailed nattō as a superfood and believe that
consumption is linked to improved blood flow and reduced risk of stroke —
factors that are particularly appealing in a country that is home to one of the
world’s oldest populations. Researchers at the National Cancer Center in
Tokyo found that men and women who ate fermented soy-based foods like
nattō on a daily basis reduced their risk of dying from a stroke or heart attack
by 10%.***
日本人一直以来都奉纳豆为超级食物,他们相信食用纳豆与改善血液流动及降低
中风风险有关——在这个拥有世界上最长寿人群之一的国家,这些要素特别有吸
引力。位于东京的日本国立癌症研究中心的研究人员发现,每天食用纳豆等发酵
类豆制品的男性和女性,死于中风或心脏病的风险降低了 10%。

Nattō might even help people feel and look younger. One serving (roughly
40-50g) has the same levels of vitamin K as the daily requirement set by the
Japanese government and may help prevent osteoporosis. Nattō is also
packed with vitamin B6 and vitamin E, which Hitoshi Shirakawa, professor of
nutrition and food science at Tohoku University's Graduate School of
Agricultural Science in Sendai, says boosts cell turnover and slows skin aging.
纳豆甚至可能会让人感觉自己变年轻了,看上去也“逆龄生长”了。一份纳豆(大
约 40-50 克)中的维生素 K 含量与日本政府规定的每日维生素 K 需求量相
同,可能有助于预防骨质疏松。位于仙台的东北大学农业科学研究生院营养和食
品科学教授白川仁表示,纳豆还富含维生素 B6 和维生素 E,可以促进细胞更
新,延缓皮肤衰老。

Despite its reputation as a superfood, however, nattō has failed to gain


popularity outside of Japan. It has, however, attracted enough attention to
end up in the Disgusting Food Museum in Malmö, Sweden.
然而,尽管被誉为超级食物,纳豆在日本以外的地区却并不受欢迎。不过,它却
吸引到了足够的注意力,最终被位于瑞典马尔默的“恶心食物博物馆”收录。

“What we find disgusting and delicious is very cultural,” said museum


director Andreas Ahrens. “It all depends on what we grew up with and what
we are conditioned to like. Something like nattō is a very good example of
that.”
博物馆馆长安德烈·艾伦斯表示:“我们觉得什么食物恶心或者美味,与文化有很
大关系。这完全取决于我们的成长环境以及我们习惯性的喜好。像纳豆这样的东
西就是证明这个观点的一个很好的例子。”

【重点词汇】
1.polarising(美式写法 polarizing)
/ˈpoʊ.lə.raɪ.zɪŋ/
adj.(观点)对立的,两极分化的;极端的
相关词汇:pole(n. 地极,地极区域)
搭配短语:the South Pole(南极)
搭配短语:the North Pole(北极)
派生词:polar(adj. 极地的)
搭配短语:polar bear(北极熊)
派生词:polarise(v. 使分化,使对立)

2.fermented
/fɚˈmen.tɪd/
adj. 发酵过的
相关词汇:ferment(v. 发酵)
例句:Fruit juices ferment if they are kept for too long.
搭配短语:fermented fruit juice(发酵的果汁)

3.soybean
/ˈsɔɪ.biːn/
n. 大豆
同义短语:soya bean
相关词汇:soy(n. 大豆(作物);酱油)
搭配短语:soy-based foods(豆制品)
搭配短语:soy / soya sauce(酱油)

4.ammonia
/əˈmoʊ.ni.ə/
n. 氨,氨水

5.mucus
/ˈmjuː.kəs/
n. 黏液
搭配短语:nasal mucus(鼻涕)

6.consistency
/kənˈsɪs.tən.si/
n. 粘稠度,浓度

7.actively
/ˈæk.tɪv.li/
adv. 十分……,真的……(用于表示强调);积极主动地
英文释义:used for emphasis generally

8.regardless
/rɪˈɡɑːrd.ləs/
adv. 不管怎样,无论如何
近义词:despite
例句:The weather was terrible but we carried on regardless.

9.hail
/heɪl/
v. 称赞,把......誉为;问候,欢呼,向……致以敬意
例句:Hail, Caesar!(问候,欢呼,向……致以敬意)
例句:Lang Lang has been hailed as one of the greatest pianists in the world.
(称赞,把......誉为)

10.consumption
/kənˈsʌmp.ʃən/
n. 吃,喝,摄取
相关词汇:consume(v. 吃,喝,摄取;消费,消耗)
近义词:eat, drink
11.stroke
/stroʊk/
n. 中风

12.appealing
/əˈpiː.lɪŋ/
adj. 吸引人的
相关词汇:appeal(v. 对......有吸引力,使感兴趣)
例句:The idea appealed to me.
近义词:attractive, interesting
搭配短语:a very appealing idea

13.home
/hoʊm/
n. 栖息地,生息地;发源地,产地;家,住所
英文释义:the place where somebody or something can be found
搭配短语:the home of(用来表示发源地)
例句:America is the home of baseball.
搭配短语:be home to(用来表示生息地)
例句:California is home to many vineyards.

14.on a ... basis


按照……的标准 / 方式
相关词汇:basis(n. 基准,准则)
相关短语:on a regular basis
相关短语:on a part-time basis

15.serving
/ˈsɝː.vɪŋ/
n.(供一人食用的)一份
相关词汇:serve(v. 服务)
英文释义:a quantity of food served to one person

16.pack
/pæk/
v. 挤满,塞满;收拾行李,装箱
搭配短语:A be packed with B(A 里面塞满了 B)
例句:The room was packed with people.

17.boost
/buːst/
v. 推动,促进
英文释义:to improve or increase something

18.turnover
/ˈtɝːnˌoʊ.vɚ/
n. 更替率,周转率;一段时间之内的营业额

19.aging
/ˈeɪ.dʒɪŋ/
n. 衰老,变旧
相关词汇:age(n. 年龄)
例句:Memory loss is a part of aging.

20.outside of
除了......之外;在......外面
词义辨析:outside, outside of
在表示“在......外面”时,这两种表达没有区别。除此之外,outside of 在美式英
语中还可以表示“除了......之外”,相当于 apart from。
例句:Outside of us three, no one knows about the problem.(除了......之外)

21.end up in / with / as / doing sth.


最终,以......告终
英文释义:to finally be in a particular place or situation
例句:I ended up spending the night at the airport.

22.condition
/kənˈdɪʃ.ən/
v. 使习惯于,使适应
词性拓展:condition(n. 情况,状态)
搭配短语:a conditioned response(条件反射)
搭配短语:be conditioned to(习惯于)
例句:Some people are conditioned to believe that it is weak to be scared.

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