FOR UPLOAD GE3 Week 2 Introduction To Globalization

The Contemporary World
Introduction
to
Globalization
Ken Joseph Novilla
Globalization came from the
word “Globalize” which refers to
the emergence of international
network of economic systems
(Martinez Jr., et.al, 2018)
Martinez Jr. R.M., Pineda Jr., R.S., Balao, P.S., Battung, J.T., Guimpatan – Bumidang, J., Cristobal
J.M., Oyando, J.O., Viloria, M.I. (2018). The Contemporary World. Mindshapers Co Inc.
Copyright Property of Ken Joseph Novilla, September 2021

Globalization is the process of
interaction and integration among the
people, companies, and governments
of different nations, a process driven
by international trade and investments
and aided by information technology
(Levin Institute, 2016).

Globalization is the process based on
international strategies which aims to
expand business operations on a
worldwide level, and was precipitated by a
facilitation of global communications due
to technological advancements, and socio-
political, economic and environmental
developments (Martinez Jr. 2018).

Globalization encompasses many trends
including expanded international trade,
monetary coordination, multinational
corporations, telecommunications, technical
and specific cooperation, cultural exchanges
of new types and scales, migration and
refugee flows, and relations between world’s
rich and poor countries and between human
beings and the natural environment (Goldstein
2009)

Globalization is the gradual
process in which various social,
political, cultural and economic
spheres of the world are
becoming interconnected and
integrated (Madrigal, 2016)
Haydeelovely (2021). What is Globalization? The Contemporary World Lecture Series. Youtube.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sYn70sqaArI
Madrigal, C.L. (2016). Chronicles in a Changing World 10: Contemporary Issues. Diwa Learning
Systems Inc.

Working Definition of Globalization
Globalization is the emergence of

complex web of
interconnectedness that means our
lives are increasingly shaped by
others, the decisions that they made
even though they are far away from
us (Haydeelovely, 2021).
Haydeelovely (2021). What is Globalization? The Contemporary World Lecture Series. Youtube.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sYn70sqaArI
Madrigal, C.L. (2016). Chronicles in a Changing World 10: Contemporary Issues. Diwa Learning
Systems Inc.
Copyright by Ken Joseph Novilla, 2024. No part of this material shall be copied and/or distributed without expressed permission from the author. Referencing this material is allowed provided that it is properly cited.
History of
Globalization
Ken Joseph Novilla
History of Globalization?
In Picture: The Ancient

Chinese Silk Road is a
network of land and
maritime trading between
states in Asia and Europe
leading to China. While it
only connects the three
continents of Africa, Asia
and Europe, it has been a
tool for exchange of goods
in a global level.
Ono, Kinji & Yamamoto, Takeo & Kamiuchi, Toshiro & Kitamoto, Asanobu & Andres, Frederic & Satoh, Shin'ichi & Andaroodi, Elham. (2005). Progress of the Digital Silk Roads Project. Prog. in Informatics. 93-141. 10.2201/NiiPi.2005.1.8.
Copyright by Ken Joseph Novilla, 2024. No part of this material shall be copied and/or distributed without expressed permissi on from the author. Referencing this material is allowed provided that it is properly cited.
https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ap-art-history/start-here-apah/brief-histories-apah/a/a-brief-history-of-the-cultures-of-asia
Silk and Spice Routes (image: UNESCO, Silk Roads: Dialogue, Diversity & Development)
In Picture: It is not only silk that is transported in the Silk road but also spices. The silk road has
become an avenue for the trade of various products from Asia to Europe and Africa.
In Picture: During the age of colonization, Western Powers established major from their kingdoms
/ empires to their colonies. This led to a race on colonizing newfound lands in a global scale.
In Picture: The Galleon Trade between the different colonies of Spain. The Galleon trade from Manila to
Acapulco, Mexico is only one half of the actual trade between Spain and its colonies. In this context,
trade between Spain and its colonies is connected almost on a global scale as it traverses two major
oceans.
Official Gazette of the Philippines (2015). Photo of Galleon Trade Route. https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2015/04/28/ph-mexico-push-to-nominate-manila-acapulco-galleon-trade-route-to-world-
heritage-list/
Effects of
Globalization
Ken Joseph Novilla
1. More goods at lower
prices
Globalization encourages each country to
specialize in what it produces best using
the least number of resources known as
Comparative Advantage. This concept
makes production more efficient, promotes
economic growth, and lowers prices of
goods and services, making them more
affordable especially for lower-income
households.
In photo: Globalization has allowed the flow of goods of different

countries to every market in the world. Countries where able to do
this as they focused on producing what they can best and what
would profit them the most to compete in the global trade.
14
2. Scaled up
Businesses
Larger markets enable companies to
reach more customers and get a
higher return on the fixed costs of
doing business, like building factories
or conducting research. Technology
firms have taken special advantage of
their innovations this way. In photo: Because of globalization, it is now easy to establish your business than before.
Companies may now be able to establish their business outside their country and expand it on w
worldwide level. As seen in the photo, the world is dominated by a few fast-food chains who had
extended their operations on almost every corner of the planet.
15
3. Better quality and
variety
Competition from abroad drives US
firms to improve their products.
Consumers have better products
and more choices as a result.
In photo: The abundance of business worldwide has led to competition between them as in
the photo. To make it appealing to consumers, these companies such as car companies in
the photo have maintained their own brands each with unique specialties producing better
quality and variety of products.
16
4. Innovation
Expanded trade spurs the
spread of communication of
ideas. The best ideas from
market leaders spread
more easily.
In photo: Because of competition brought by globalization, consumer products such as cellphones are innovated to fit the
needs of the global community, .
17
5. Job churn/ Job
opportunities
Globalization supports new job
opportunities but also contributes to
job displacement. It does not
significantly change the total number
of positions in the economy, as job
numbers are primarily driven by
business cycles.
In photo: Because of globalization, many new jobs are created while outdating older ones such as Stock Market
Investors, Stock Market Specialist. Further, courses related to Information and Communications Technology such
as BSIT, Call Center Agent, Computer Programmers are jobs created because of globalization.
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The Contemporary World

Copyright Property of Ken Joseph Novilla, September 2021

Copyright Property of Ken Joseph Novilla, September 2021

Copyright Property of Ken Joseph Novilla, September 2021

Copyright Property of Ken Joseph Novilla, September 2021

Copyright Property of Ken Joseph Novilla, September 2021

Globalization is the emergence of

In Picture: The Ancient

In photo: Globalization has allowed the flow of goods of different

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