People's Democratic Republic of Algeria

The Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research

Student: Sahraoui Mohamed Groupe: G56

Semester: One Level: First year
Module: Phonetics Exercise

THE ANSWER:
1-Completing the charts with consonant sounds:
a- Placing (point) of Articulation

Bilabial Labio-dental Dental Alveolar

(the lips come together (the lower lip and (the tip of tongue and (the tip of the
as in /p/, /b/, /m/) the upper teeth come the upper teeth come tongue and touches
together e.g. /f/, /v/) together e.g. /θ/ and alveolar ridge e.g.
/ð/) /t/, /d/, /s/, /z/, /n/, /l/,
/r/)

[p] as in *pat* [f] as in *fan* [θ] as in *think* [t] as in *top*

[b] as in *bat* [v] as in *van* [ð] as in *this* [d] as in *dog*

[m] as in *mat* [n] as in *no*

b- Placing (point) of Articulation:

Palato-alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal

(the tip of the tongue (the front of the (the back of the (between the vocal
and the alveolar tongue and the hard tongue and the soft cords opening, such
ridge e.g. /ʃ/, /ʒ/, /tʃ/, palate e.g. /j/) palate or velum e.g. as /h/)
/dʒ/) /k/, /g/, /Ŋ/, /w/)

[ʃ] as in *shoe* [ç] as in the German [g] as in *go* [h] as in *hat*

*ich*

[ʒ] as in *measure* [ʝ] (voiced counterpart [ŋ] as in *sing* [ʔ] as in the Cockney
of [ç]) English *bottle*
(glottal stop)

[d͡ʒ] as in *judge* (a [k] as in *cat*

combination of [d] and
[ʒ])
 [t͡ʃ] as in *cheese* (a
combination of [t] and
[ʃ])

c- Manner (mode) of Articulation:

Plosives Nasals Affricates Fricatives Lateral Semi-

vowels

[p] as in *pat* [m] as in [t͡ʃ] as in [f] as in *fish* [l] as in [w] as in

*mat* *chocolate* *lake* (lateral *wet*
approximant)

[b] as in *bat* [n] as in [d͡ʒ] as in *judge* [v] as in *vine* [j] as in

*nice* *yellow*

[t] as in *top* [ŋ] as in [θ] as in *think*

*sing*

[d] as in [ð] as in *this*

*dog*

[k] as in [s] as in *snake*

*kite*

[g] as in *go* [z] as in

*zeppelin*

[ʃ] as in *shore*

[ʒ] as in *genre*

[h] as in *house*

2- Describing the following consonant sounds:

1. /f/ (as in *fun*):
✓ Description: Voiceless labiodental fricative.
✓ How to produce it: Place the upper teeth against the lower lip and blow air without
vibrating the vocal cords.
2. /θ/ (as in *think*):
✓ Description: Voiceless dental fricative.
✓ How to produce it: Place the tongue against the upper front teeth without vibrating
the vocal cords.
3. /b/ (as in *big*):
 ✓ Description: Voiced bilabial plosive.
✓ How to produce it: Bring both lips together and release them with a burst of air,
vibrating the vocal cords.
4. /dʒ/ (as in *judge*):
✓ Description: Voiced postalveolar affricate.
✓ How to produce it: Begin with the tongue against the alveolar ridge, then move it
back to the postalveolar region while vibrating the vocal cords.
5. /j/ (as in *yellow*):
✓ Description: Voiced palatal approximant (also considered a semi-vowel).
✓ How to produce it: Raise the body of the tongue toward the hard palate without
creating a constriction, allowing voiced airflow.
6. /ŋ/ (as in *sing*):
✓ Description: Voiced velar nasal.
✓ How to produce it: Lower the velum, allowing air to pass through the nasal cavity
while the vocal cords vibrate.
3- Classifying the words below in the following chart:
Teacher shame there theater chair theory them church shine rather which within
three cheap thin shop

/ʃ/ /Ө/ /t ʃ/ /ð/

There
Teacher
Theory
Shame Chair
Thin Them
Theater Church
Within Rather
Shine Which
Three
Shop
Cheap