Manipulation of Sums

Dr. Abu Nowshed Chy

Department of Computer Science and Engineering
University of Chittagong

July 30, 2022

Faculty Profile
Summation Notation

• Given a series {an}, the summation of {an}

from j to k is written and defined as follows:

• Here, i is called the index of summation.

2
Generalized Summations

• For an infinite series, we may write:

• To sum a function over all members of a set

X={x1, x2, …}:

• Or, if X={x|P(x)}, we may just write:

3
Summation Example

4
Summation Example

• An infinite series with a finite sum:

• Using a predicate to define a set of elements

to sum over:

5
Summation Manipulations

• Some handy identities for summations:

(Distributive Law)

(Associative Law)

(Index shifting.)

6
Summation Manipulations
Series Splitting

Grouping

7
Summation Manipulations

8
Summation Manipulations

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dpHS96KbTzI

9
Summation Manipulations
Evaluate
– Use series splitting.
– Solve for desired
summation.
– Apply quadratic
series rule.
– Evaluate.

10
Summation Manipulations

11
Summation Manipulations

12
Summation Manipulations

13
Summation Manipulations

14
Exponent Rules

15
Nested Summations

16
Nested Summations

17
Nested Summations

18
Nested Summations

19
Nested Summations

Solve:

20
Nested Summations

21
Nested Summations

22
Assignment#3:
Find a closed form for the following expression:

a) c)

b) d)

23
Assignment#3:
Find a closed form for the following expression:

a) c)

b) d)

24
 Thank You!

25 25