UNIT 1:
UNDERSTANDING THE RIZAL LAW
THE TRIALS OF THE RIZAL BILL
● The enactment of R.A 1425
otherwise known as Rizal Law
sparked heated dispute and
bitterness among Filipino
Legislators.
● It was originally filed by the
Senate Committee on Education
on April 3, 1956 as Senate Bill
No.438.
○ It was supported by all
senators except for 3.
● Senator Jose P. Laurel, the then
Chairman of the Committee on
Education, started his sponsorship
of a Bill on April 17, 1956.
○ Dispute between the pros
and anti emerged.
SENATE BILL NO. 438
● An act to make Noli Me Tangere
and El Filibusterismo compulsory
reading material in all public and
private Colleges and Universities
and for other purposes.
SECTION 1
● Jose Rizal’s Noli Me Tangere and
El Filibusterismo are hereby
declared compulsory reading in all
public and private schools.
Colleges and Universities of the
Philippines
SECTION 2
● The works in Section 1 of this act
shall be in the original edition or
their expeculated English and
National Language version.
SECTION 3
● The Department of Education shall
take steps to promulgate rules and
regulations for the immediate
implementations of the provisions
of this act.
SECTION 4
● No provisions of this act shall be
construed as prohibiting or limiting
the study of the works of other
Filipino heroes.
SECTION 5
● Any public or private college or
university found violating, failing to
comply with, or circumventing the
provisions of this act shall be
punished accordingly
● Jose P. Laurel argued that the
object of the measure was to
disseminate of the ideas and
ideals of the great Filipino
patriot though through reading of
his works particularly Noli Me
Tangere and El Filibusterismo.
THE PROS AND ANTIS
● Debates on Senate Bill No.438
started on April 23, 1956.
PROS
● Jose P. Laurel (Sponsor)
● Claro M. Recto (Author)
ANTIS
● Mariano J. Cuenco
● Fransisco “Soc”
● Rodrigo Decoroso Rosales.
PASSING OUT THE LAW
● On June 12, 1956, President
Ramon Magsaysay signed the
bill and henceful became the
Republic Act. 1425.
 CHAPTER 1: ● He died at the age of 80 after the
RIZAL’S BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH hero’s execution.
○ SIBLINGS OF RIZAL'S
FATHER:
■ GAVINO
■ PETRONA
■ POTENTIANA
■ LEONCIA
■ FAUSTO
■ BARCELISA
■ FRANCISCO
JOSE PROTACIO RIZAL MERCADO y ■ GABRIEL
ALONSO REALONDA ■ JULIAN
● He was born on June 19, 1861. ■ GREGORIO
● He is the 7th child of Francisco ■ TOMASA
Mercado and Teodora Alonzo ■ CASIMIRO
Realonda. ■ CORNELIA
● He was born in Calamba Laguna.
● He was baptized on a Catholic
Church in Calamba by the priest
Father Rufino Collantes and his
godfather Pedro Cosanas.
● The name Jose was chosen by
his mother who was a devotee of
the Christian Saint San Jose or
Saint Joseph.
RIZAL’S SIBLINGS
DOÑA TEODORA ALONSO (1827-1913)
● Mother of Jose Rizal who was the SATURNINA RIZAL (1850-1913)
second child of Lorenzo Alonso ● She was also known as NENENG
and Brijida de Quintos ● She was the eldest.
● She was born in Santa Cruz, ● She married Manuel Hidalgo who
Manila, on November 14, 1827 hailed from Tanauan, Batangas.
and died in 1913 in Manila. PACIANO RIZAL (1851-1930)
FRANCISCO MERCADO RIZAL ● He was the second child.
(1818-1898) ● The only brother of Jose Rizal
● He studied at San Jose College
● Father of Jose Rizal, who was the
in Manila.
youngest of the 13 offsprings of
● He worked as a farmer and later
Juan and Cirila Mercado
as a General of the Philippine
● He was a pure Filipino.
Revolution
● Dr. Jose Rizal called him a “model
father”
 NARCISA RIZAL (1852-1929)
● She was also known as SISA
● She married Antonio Lopez at
Morong
● She was a teacher and a musician
OLYMPIA RIZAL (1855-1887)
● Also known as YPIA
● She married Silvestre Ubaldo
● Died in 1887 from childbirth.
LUCIA RIZAL (1857-1919)
● She was the fifth child.
● She married Matriano Herbosa.
MARIA RIZAL (1857-1945)
● Also known as BIANG
● She is the sixth child
● She married Daniel Faustino in
Biñan.
JOSE RIZAL (1861-1896)
● Also known as PEPE
● The seventh child.
● The Philippine National Hero.
● He was executed by the Spaniards
on December 30,1891.
CONCEPCION RIZAL (1862-1865)
● Also known as CONCHA
● Rizal’s First Sorrow.
● Died at the age of three.
JOSEFA RIZAL (1865-1945)
● Also known as PANGGOY
● The ninth child
● An epileptic.
● Died a spinster (matandang
dalaga)
TRINIDAD RIZAL ( 1868-1951)
● Also known as TRINING
● The 10th child.
● Died a spinster.
● Last of the family to die.
SOLEDAD RIZAL (1870-1929)
● Also known as CHOLENG
● The youngest child
● She married Pantaleon Quintero
RIZAL’S ANCESTRY
● Rizal, like a typical Filipino, was a
product of mixed ancestry.
● It can be inferred that in his veins
flowed the blood of both East
and West-Chinese, Japanese,
Malay and Spanish.
● Rizal’s father was a great
grandson of Domingo Lam-co, a
Chinese immigrant from Fukien
City.
● In some historical pieces of
document, Rizal’s maternal
ancestor was Lakan-Dula, the
last King of Tondo
THE NAME “RIZAL”’
● The original surname of the Rizal
family was “Mercado”.
● This surname was adopted by
Domingo Lam-co, the paternal
Chinese ancestor in 1731.
● In 1849, Governor Claveria
issued a decree directing all
Filipino families to choose and
adopt new surnames from a list of
Spanish family names.
● He did not have any interest in
these surnames, so be chose his
own surname Rizal, which
apparently was not in the list
recommended by the Spanish
authorities
● He preferred this new family name
Rizal to be more fitting and
appropriate for his farming clan
to Mercado which means
“market” in spanish.
● It is interesting to note that the
term “Rizal” originated from the
 word “ricial” which signifies
“green field”
THE RIZAL HOUSE
● The house in which Rizal was born
was high and made of solid and
massive earthquake proof
structure with sliding wide
shutters with capiz shells.
● Rizal’s father selected the hardest
and seasoned woods from the
forest and had them sowed.
● It took him more than two years
to construct the house.
CHILDHOOD MEMORIES IN CALAMBA
● Jose Rizal, just like Filipino boys,
had many beautiful memories of
childhood.
● He has a happy home, filled with
parental affection, impregnated
with family joys, and sanctified by
prayers.
● In the midst of such a peaceful,
refined, God Loving family, he
spent the early years of his
childhood.
CALAMBA, THE HERO’S TOWN
● Calamba was a hacienda town
which belonged to the
Dominican Order, which also
owned all the lands around it.
● In 1876, when he was 15 years
old and was a student in Ateneo,
he remembered his beloved town.
○ He wrote a poem Un
Recuerdo A Mi Pueblo (In
Memory of My Town)
UN RECUERDO A MI PUEBLO
When early childhood’s happy days
In memory I see once more
Along the lovely verdant shore
That meets a gently murmuring sea;
When I recall the whisper soft
Of zephyrs dancing on my brow
With cooling sweetness, even now
New luscious life is born in me.
When I behold the lily white
That swas to do wind’s command,
While gently sleeping on the sand
The stormy water rests awhile;
When from the flowers there softly
breathles
A bouquet ravishingly sweet,
Out-poured the newborn dawn to meet,
As on us she begins to smile.
With sadness I recall . . . recall
Thy face, in precious infancy,
Oh mother, friend most dear to me,
Who gave to life a wondrous charm.
I yet recall a village plain,
My joy, my family, my boon,
Besides the freshly cool lagoon,
The spot for which my heart beats warm.
Ah yes! my footsteps insecure
In your dark forest deeply sank;
And there by every river’s bank.
I found refreshment and delight;
Within that rustic temple prayed
With childhood’s simple faith unfeigned
While cooling breezes, pure, unstained,
Would send my heart on rapturous
flight.
I saw the Maker in the grandeur
Of your ancient hoary wood,
Ah, never in your refuge could
A mortal by regret be smitten;
And while upon your sky of blue
I gaze, no love nor tenderness
Could fail, for here on nature’s dress
My happiness itself was written.
Ah, tender childhood, lovely town,
Rich fount of my felicities,
Oh those harmonious melodies
Which put to flight all dismal
 hours,
Come back, gentle hours, I yearn!
Come back as the birds return,
At the budding of the flowers!
Alas, farewell! Eternal vigil I keep
For thy peace, thy bliss, and
tranquility,
O Genius of good, with charity.
To thee I case not to sign
These to learn, and I call to the sky
To have thy sincerity
EARLIEST CHILDHOOD MEMORY
● The first memory of Rizal, in his
infancy, was his happy days in the
family garden when he was three
years old. Because he was a sick
child, he was given the
tenderest care by his parents.
His father built a little nipa
cottage in the garden for him to
play in the day time.
● Another Childhood memory was
the daily Angelus prayer. By
nightfall, his mother gathered all
the children at the house to play
the Angelus.
● Another memory of his infancy
was the nocturnal walk in the
town. The maid took him for a
walk in the moonlight by the
river.
THE HERO’S FIRST SORROW
● Jose loved the little Concha
(Concepcion). He was a year
older than Concha. He played with
her and from her he learned the
sweetness of a sisterly love.
● Unfortunately, Concha died of
sickness in 1865 when she was
three years old. Jose, who was
very fond of her, cried bitterly at
losing her. “When I was four
years old, I lost my sister
Concha, and then for the first
time I shed tears caused by love
and grief.”
DEVOTED SON OF THE CHURCH
● At the age of three, he began to
take part in the family prayers. His
mother was a devout Catholic,
taught him the Catholic prayers,
when he was five years old, he
was able to read haltingly the
Spanish family Bible. •
FATHER LEONCIO LOPEZ
● He is the town priest. Jose Rizal
used to visit him and listen to his
stimulating opinions on current
events and sound philosophy of
life.
PILGRIMAGE TO ANTIPOLO
● On June 6, 1868, Jose and his
father left Calamba to go on a
pilgrimage to Antipolo, in order
to fulfill his mother’s vow which
was made when Jose was born.
● It was Jose's first trip across
Laguna de Bay. After praying at
the shrine of the Virgin of
Antipolo, Jose and his father went
to Manila. It was the first time Jose
saw Manila. They visited
Saturnina, who was then a
boarding student at La
Concordia College in Sta. Ana.
FIRST EDUCATION FROM MOTHER
● Jose’s first teacher was his
mother.
● At the age of 3, Jose learned the
alphabet and prayers from her.
● Seeing Rizal had a talent for
poetry, she encouraged him to
write poems.
● She gave her all her love and all
that she learned in college
THE STORY OF THE MOTH
● Of the story told by Dona Teodora
to Jose, it was that of the young
moth that made the profoundest
impression on him.
● The tragic fate of the young moth,
who died a martyr to its illusions,
left a deep impression on Rizal’s
mind.
● This story was told by Dona
Teodora when Rizal and she were
studying.
UNCLES OF RIZAL
UNCLE GREGORIO
● Uncle Gregorio was a lover of
books.
● He instilled into the mind of his
nephew a great love for books.
● He taught him to work hard, to
think for himself, and to observe
life keenly.
UNCLE JOSE
● Uncle Jose, who had been
educated at Calcutta,India, was
the youngest brother of Dona
Teodora.
● He encouraged his nephew to
paint, sketch, and sculpture.
UNCLE MANUEL
● Uncle Manuel was a big, strong,
and husky man.
● He looked after the physical
training of his sickly and weak
nephew.
● He encouraged Rizal to learn
swimming, fencing, wrestling,
and other sports, so that in later
years Rizal’s frail body acquired
agility, endurance, and strength.
ARTISTIC TALENTS
● From early childhood, Rizal
revealed his God-given talent for
art. At the age of five, he began
to make sketches with his
pencil and to mold in clay and
wax objects.
● “All right laugh at me now!
Someday when I die, people will
make monuments and images
of me!”
FIRST POEM BY RIZAL
● Rizal possessed a God-given gift
for literature. Since early boyhood
he had scribbled verses on
loose sheets of paper and on
the textbooks of his sister.
● His mother, who was a lover of
literature, noticed his poetic
inclination and encouraged him to
write poetry.
● At the age of eight, Rizal wrote his
first poem in the native language
entitled Sa Aking mga Kababata
(To My Fellow Children)
SCHOOL LIFE IN ATENEO AND UST
JUNE 10, 1872
● Jose went to Manila with
Paciano to take the entrance
examinations and enrolled in
Ateneo Municipal.
RIZAL’S FIRST DAY IN ATENEO
● The first professor Jose had was
Fr. Jose Bech.
● As a newcomer, Jose was at first
put at the tail of the class, but he
was soon promoted that at the end
 of one month he had attained to
the rank of “EMPEROR”
RIZAL’S POEM
“MY FIRST INSPIRATION”
● First written poem of Rizal, which
was dedicated to his mother’s
birthday
“THROUGH EDUCATION,
OUR EDUCATION MOTHERLAND
RECEIVES LIGHT”
● Empowerment and enlightenment
through education
“TO THE FILIPINO YOUTH”
● The youth has the hope of the
future; courage and heroism
through education.
RIZAL’S ARTISTIC SKILL IN SCULPTURE.
● Rizal impressed his professors
and classmates when he carved
the image of the Virgin Mary on
a piece of Philippine
hardwood–batikuling with a
pocket knife.
● Because of this sculptural talent,
Fr. Leonard requested Rizal to
carve for him the image of the
Sacred Heart Jesus.
RIZAL’S FIRST DAY AT THE PONTIFICAL
○ His intention was to take
with him the image when
he went back to Spain,
but unfortunately, he
forgot.
EDUCATION UNDER THE JESUITS
● The students trained by rigid
discipline and character
development, religious
instruction was given emphasis
to acquire manners and morals
of Christian gentlemen and the
students heard Mass in the
morning before classes begin and
class in all subjects were opened
and closed with prayers.
● Prizes were given for
outstanding and impeccable
departments and penalties were
meted out for disorderly
conduct.
● The government subsidized the
school from their municipal
treasury.
● Students who belonged to:
○ WEALTHY GROUP:
■ Paid a monthly fee
of P2.00
○ POOR GROUP:
■ Paid nothing.
● Rizal started medical studies at
Sto. tomas.
○ Dona Teodora opposed
Jose’s going back to
Manila for further studies
but Don Francisco thought
otherwise.
○ So his son enrolled in the
University of Sto. Tomas,
taking the first course of
Philosophy in June 1887.
UNIVERSITY
● Rizal enrolled in the university
taking Philosophy and Letters.
● The following school year,
1878-1879 , he began his
medical studies.
● He studied medicine because he
wanted to be a physician so that
he could look after her mother's
failing eyesight
 RIZAL’S FIRST DAY AT UST Council of Gods) in another
● The academic climate at the UST literary contest sponsored by the
was quite different from the Lice Artistico-Literario
Ateneo (Artistic-Literary Lyceum)
● Rizal’s impression was not like that ○ JUVENTUD FILIPINA (TO
of Ateneo because Dominican THE FILIPINO YOUTH)
professors seemed hostile to ○ EL CONSEJO DE LOS
him. DIOSES (THE COUNCIL
● In his novel, El Filibusterismo, OF THE GODS
Rizal describe how some ● After a long, deliberate and critical
Dominican professors insulted evaluation of the entries based on
Filipino students and mockingly the criteria, the first prize was
calling them “Indio” awarded to Rizal.
RIZAL’S FIRST LOVE ● " It may be interesting to know,
SEGUNDIWA KATIGBAK that probably, that was the first
● Also known as SEGUNDA time in history that an Indio.
● The girl who captured his heart ● Rizal was indeed happy, because
was the fourteen-year-old he proved that Filipinos given the
Segundiwa Katigbak, who was a fair chance and opportunity to
boarder at La Concordia demonstrate their talents can be
College, where his elder sisters equal to all races of the world.
(Saturnina) were studying. RIZAL’S SUBJECTS IN ATENEO
● Unfortunately, she was already FIRST SEMESTER
engaged to another young man. 1872-1873
LEONOR RIVERA
● Rizal's next feeling of passionate SUBJECT GRADES
SOBRE
personal affection happened in SALIENTE
1880, he fell in love with his (EXCELLENT)
uncle Antonio Rivera’s beautiful
daughter Leonor. APROVECHADO
● Jose and Leonor grew feelings of (VERY GOOD)
warm personal attachment and a
BUENO (GOOD)
tenderly beautiful romance. They
became sweethearts for eleven Arithmetic SOBRE
years. SALIENTE
THE COUNCIL OF THE GODS Latin 1
● His prize-winning poem. La
Spanish 1
Juventud Filipina (To the
Filipino Youth) ," inspired him to Greek 1
submit a allegory in prose entitled
El Consejo delos Dioses (The SECOND SEMESTER
 1873-1874 BOTANY AND
ZOOLOGY
SUBJECT GRADES

LATIN 2 SOBRE RIZAL’S SUBJECTS IN UST

SALIENTE
SPANISH 2
FIRST YEAR
GREEK 2
PREPARATORY COURSE FOR
UNIVERSAL THEOLOGY AND LAW
GEOGRAPHY
SUBJECT GRADES
1874-1875
COSMOLOGY
LATIN3 SOBRE
SALIENTE METAPHYSICS
SPANISH 3
THEOLOGY
UNIVERSAL
HISTORY HISTORY OF
PHILOSOPHY
HISTORY OF
SPAIN AND PREPARATORY COURSE FOR
PHILIPPINES MEDICINE

ARITHMETIC ADVANCED APROVECHADO

AND ALGEBRA PHYSICS

1875-1876 ADVANCED APROVECHADO

CHEMISTRY
RHETORIC AND SOBRE
POETRY SALIENTE ADVANCED
NATURAL
FRENCH 1 HISTORY

GEOMETRY AND FIRST YEAR OF MEDICINE

TRIGONOMETRY
SUBJECT GRADES
1876-1877
GENERAL BUENO
PHILOSOPHY 1 SOBRE ANATOMY AND
SALIENTE HISTOLOGY 1
MINERALOGY
AND CHEMISTRY DESCRIPTIVE
ANATOMY 1
PHILOSOPHY 2
EXERCISE OF
PHYSICS OSTEOLOGY
 AND
DISSECTION