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1 Digestion absorption
my Structure Function
digestion
absorption of nutrients
Pancreas secretion of lipase amylase protease
villi
serosa
giddy
longitudinalmuscle
i
i muscularis
R
alarm
submucosa it
i
É
Small intestine
mucosa lining of small intestine with the epitheliumthatabsorbs nutrients on its inner surface
Peristalsis
circularongitudinamuscle
The contraction of layers of the small intestine mixes food w enzymes
moves it along the
gut
L
I
o consists of short cells
n n y g p
ratherthanremaining relaxed unless stimulated to contract
Peristalsis waves ofmuscle contraction churning of chyme tomix w enzymes thusspeeduptheprocessof digestion
Pancreatic Juice
1
Pancreas secretes enzyme into lumen
tofigof small intestine
Enzymes digest most macromolecules infood into monomers in the small intestine
phospholipase
Phospholipids
fattyacids glycerol phosphate
Cellulose cannot
be digested dietary fibre
mi m n go
villiincreasethe surface area of epithelium over which absorption takes place
i iii
vitamins
Harmful substances
pass through the epithelium are removed fromblood detoxed
by liver
Lopassed out in urine
Methods of absorption
nutrients
lumen villi epithelium cells capillaries or lacteal
simple diffusion shortchainfattyacids can pass between phospholipids in the plasma membrane
Chemical digestion
Sight or smell of food causes brain to send nerve impulses viathe vagus nerve fromthemedulla
Also receptors in thestomach chemoreceptors stretch receptors sends impulses to thebrain
endocrine cells
impulse
to secrete gastrin
Parietal cells secrets acid acid disruptsthe extracellular matrixthat holds acell together
denaturingthe protein Exposing polypeptide chains to pepsin
also helps control pathogensingested
Chief cells secrets pepsinogen inactive pepsinogen when in contact w acid converts to pepsin
Exocrine glands
secretory vesicles
also vesicles to secrete
enzyme out through exocytosis
Endocrine glands
ppl is used a proton pumpinhibitor drug that irreversibly inhibits H Kt ATPase proton pump inthe
parietal cell 7 inhibiting HCl
Small Intestine
1 Cholecystokinin CCK
2 Secretin
3 Bile
amylose a glucose
1,4 amylase
Cholera
Caused
by bacterium Vibrio cholera
C no protein present
15
e the permiability
ii body temp
iii