Group 3 Research 1

Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Caraga Region
16
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF SURIGAO DEL SUR
MADRID DISTRICT
Madrid, Surigao del Sur
NATURAL HUE: PLANT-BASED (TAGETES ERECTA, CLITORA

TERNATEA, CHRYSOTHEMIS PULCHELLA) COLOR APPLICATIONS AS
ART PAINT
________________________________________________________
A Research Presented to
PATRICK ERWIN G. ILOGON
Research IV Teacher
Madrid National High School

________________________________________________________
Calag, Antolyn S.
Sarim, Erl Justine S.
Sumbilla, Clyde Anthone R.
Cubero, Maxx Shane E.
Olvida, Lanilyn O.
Orig, Denisse Rose B.
Sugian, Lovely Joy V.
Researchers
JULY 2023
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Table of Contents
Title Page i
Table of Contents ii
Abstract iii
Chapter 1: The Problem and its Setting 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Statement of the Problem 4
1.3 Hypothesis 5
1.4 Theoretical Framework 1
1.5 Conceptual Framework 3
1.6 Scope and Delimitations 5
1.7 Significance of the Study 5-6
1.8 Definition of terms 7
Chapter 2: Review of Related Literature ad Studies 8 -10
Chapter 3: Research Methodology 11
3.1 Research Design 11
3.2 Population, Sample Size, Sampling Technique 11
3.3 Description of the Respondents 11
3.4 Research Instrument 11
3.5 Materials Used 12
3.6 Procedure 13
3.7 Data Collection 13
3.8 Research Setting 14
3.9 Statistical Treatment 14 -16
Chapter 4: INTERPRETATION, ANALYSIS AND PRESENTATION OF DATA

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Chapter 5: Summary of Findings, Conclusion, Recommendation 19

5.1 Summary of Findings 19
5.2 Conclusion 19-20
5.3 Recommendations 20
Reference 21-22
Appendices:
Appendix A
Letter of Approval 23
Appendix B
Survey Questions 24
Appendix C
Documentations 25
Appendix D
Cost Analysis 26
Abstract
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The use of natural materials like plants as paint because of their eco-friendliness and
distinctive hues has been a fundamental aspect of human culture. For brilliant colors in marigold,
sunset bells, and blue ternate as natural hues in art. This research aims to investigate the differences
in the application of the plant-based art-paints, specifically marigold sunset bells and blue ternate,
when applied on different surfaces such as canvas and bond paper. Stratified sampling will be used to
select the 30 respondents, who will be MAPEH 10 students, to ensure that the sample represents the
population accurately. The study will use both qualitative and quantitative research methods,
including observation and surveys, to gather data on the application of the art-paints. The data
provided reveals a T-Critical of -4.90 and a P-Value of 0.39, indicating that we should accept the null
hypothesis. It demonstrates that there is no discernible difference between the art-paint used on
canvas and bond paper. The results of this study provide insights into the effectiveness and suitability
of plant-based art-paints for different painting surfaces. Which prompts us to accept the null
hypothesis. It confirms that there are no discernible differences between the art paint used on canvas
and bond paper. As a result, artists who favor using plant-based paints can decide between bond
paper and canvas depending on their preferences and the materials that are available without
sacrificing the caliber of their artwork.
Key Words: Marigold, Blue ternate, Sunset bells, MAPEH 10, art paint, natural
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Chapter 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING
Introduction
Art has been an integral part of human civilization. Throughout history, people have used
various materials to create artwork, including natural substances such as plants. In recent times, there
has been a renewed interest in using plant-based materials as art paint due to their eco-friendliness
and unique hues. Among the plants commonly used for this purpose are marigold, sunset bells, and
blue ternate. These plants contain pigments that can be extracted and used as natural dyes for
creating vibrant and unique colors in artwork.
Moreover, the use of these plant-based materials not only produces stunning results but also
promotes sustainable practices in the art industry. The use of natural pigments has been proven to
have a positive effect on human health compared to the synthetic alternatives. This research explores
the properties of marigold, sunset bells, and blue ternate as art paint through comprehensive
investigation and analysis of their chemical composition, hue, and stability.
Additionally, the blue butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea L.) blossoms have historically been
utilized as food colorings and a source of anthocyanins and other flavonoids, particularly as
antioxidants, according to a number of research that are

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similar to this one. One such study is by Nicoletti et al. (2022). Natural pigments are intended to be
protected by encapsulation from various causes that contribute to their deterioration. On the other
side, a Phromphen study from 2023 improved the marigold flower dyeing procedure by using banana
peel extraction as a bio-mordant in cotton materials. And marigold flower extract was used to color
the cotton garments that were weaved.
Overall, the research findings indicate that plant-based pigments could potentially replace
synthetic pigments in the art industry, thereby promoting environmental sustainability. This research
will add to the existing literature on plant-based pigments and provide valuable insights into the use
of marigold, sunset bells, and blue ternate as natural hues in art.
Theoretical Framework
The use of natural plant-based dyes as art paint is an emerging trend that has gained
significant attention in recent years. These dyes are derived from plants like blue ternate, sunset
bells, and marigold, which are known for their vibrant and diverse colors. Natural hue art paint can
be understood through the lens of sustainability, eco-friendliness, and cultural heritage of the
pigments found in various plants and have been used historically for a wide range of purposes,
including textile dyeing, food coloring, and medicinal applications. In the context of art, plant-based
dyes offer a unique and sustainable option for painters looking to move away from traditional,
synthetic-based pigments.
Nevertheless, by contrasting the colors of plants extracted by various solvents and the
durability of plant colors on various types of water colored paper between 200 gsm and 300 gsm,
Woraunyu Narongdecha's "Natural color extraction for painting" study (2019) theorized from
artificial color in creating artwork. By using an extraction method that uses ethanol (C 2 H 5 OH)
and water (H 2 O) in a 1:5 plant-to-solvent ratio. Then, using the digital image colorimeter (DIC) to
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measure the color value, they were painted on two different types of paper in order to compare the
color's endurance, including hue, saturation, and brightness. It collides in relation to our study that
uses plant-based extracts as a bridge and pathway similar to dyes.
Similarly, to the green extraction theory developed by Koina et al. (2023) as stated that
focuses on the discovery and design of extraction procedures that reduce energy consumption, allow
the use of alternative solvents and renewable natural resources, and ensure a safe and high-quality
extract. This is obtained by purifying the material first, then extracting the solid or liquid.
Solubilization in a fluid is the separation of one or more elements (solid or liquid) present in a solid
item. The solid object is an equilibrium homogeneous mixture, which means that it will not change
in the absence of external disturbances. This can be likened to the handling of heterogeneous
mixtures that can be fractionated using filtering, decantation, or centrifugation. The concept of plant
extraction expertise, on the other hand, plant extraction competence continues to be a well-balanced
blend of the combination of the mastery of technical parameters, and tradition.
Hence, the use of natural plant-based dyes as art paint offers a unique and sustainable approach
to art production that can be explored from multiple theoretical perspectives. As this trend continues
to gain traction, it has the potential to transform the art world by promoting eco-friendly practices,
preserving cultural traditions, and expanding the color palette available to artists.
Conceptual Framework
The study of natural hues as plant-based applications for art painting is rooted in the
understanding of the science of colors and the properties of various plant-based pigments. It
emphasizes the importance of using natural, sustainable materials in art and recognizes the value of
exploring the natural world for creative inspiration. The study aims to investigate the use of plant-
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based pigments in art-painting and how they compare with synthetic pigments in terms of their color
properties, durability, and light fastness. It will also consider the use of natural pigments in various
cultural contexts and the significance of their application.
Input Output:
Process:
- Alum Powder
- Blue Ternate Blue ternate, marigold,
Processing blue
- Elmer’s Glue and sunset bells can be
ternate, marigold, and
-Marigold a viable alternative to
sunset bells as material
-Sunset bells synthetic pigments for
for paint.
art-paint production.
Figure 1. The Schematic Diagram of the Study

A wide spectrum of hues and tones, from blue to yellow, orange, and red, are available in the
extracted pigments from blue ternate, marigold, and sunset bells. Elmer's Glue, alum powder, and
these natural colors can be used together to make a non-toxic, eco-friendly paint.
In order to further lessen the influence on the environment, this idea of using natural
resources for paint production can also be extended to other industries, such cosmetics and textile
dyeing.
Overall, using marigold, sunset bells, and blue ternate as viable substitutes for synthetic
pigments in the manufacture of art paints gives a distinctive and sustainable method for producing
lovely and socially responsible works of art.
Statement of the Problem

1. What is the level of acceptance of MAPEH 10 students to the product applied in canvas prior
to?
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1.1 color brightness
1.2 granulation and;
1.3 shelf-life
2. What is the level of acceptance of MAPEH 10 students to the product applied in paper prior
to?
2.3 shelf-life
3. Is there a significant difference between the level of acceptance of MAPEH 10 students to the
product applied in canvas and paper prior to?
3.3 shelf-life
Hypothesis
H o: There is no significant difference between the level of acceptance of MAPEH 10 students
to the product applied in canvas and paper prior to its color brightness, granulation, and shelf-life.
Scope and Limitations
The scope of this study centers on the use of natural hue paint made from plant-based
materials as a medium for art projects among Grade 10 MAPEH (Music, Arts, Physical Education,
and Health) students. The study focuses on the benefits of using plant-based paint, such as its
environmental sustainability, health safety, and aesthetic impact on student artworks. The study also
explores the various plant-based materials that can be used to make natural hue paint and their
unique properties and qualities. It also aims to assess the level of interest and acceptance among
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Grade 10 MAPEH. The researchers conducted the survey in their respective classrooms in order to
get the data.
Significance of the Study

This study on using natural plant-based pigments as art paint, specifically marigold sunset
bells and blue ternate, has significant benefits to multiple stakeholders, including:
Students: the product art paint can be used by students as a medium for them to access natural paint
in the field of arts.
Educators: This research can also be incorporated into all subjects especially MAPEH curriculums
in schools and universities. This can help raise awareness among students about the importance of
using sustainable materials and the potential of natural pigments in art.
Artists: This research can help artists to explore new, sustainable, and non-toxic options for creating
their artworks. The study can provide them with insights into the color range and durability of natural
pigments, as well as instructions on how to extract and prepare them for painting.
Environment: The use of natural plant-based pigments promotes sustainability, as they are
renewable and biodegradable. This can help reduce the negative impact that traditional oil-based
paints have on the environment.
Residents in the locality: The study can benefit local residents where plants such as marigold and
ternate are grown, by providing an additional source of income through the sale of these plant-based
pigments.
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Definition of Terms
The following is a list of terms that will provide meaning on order to understand the contents
of this study:
Blue Ternate- the extract is collected from the blue ternate to get its blue pigment to create blue-
colored paint.
Bond paper- It is a contrast art medium for the art paint from the canvas to measure the respondent’s
preference and level of acceptance.
Canvas-It is used as an art medium in order for the respondents to respondents to measure their
preference and level of acceptance.
Glue – This acts as the thickener or the agent that gives the product its consistency as an art paint. It
makes the paint more viscous and easier to manipulate for intervention. It helps the paint adhere to
surfaces, providing a better bond and preventing flaking simply put as the binding agent.
Marigold-The juice of the marigold is extracted from a strainer to get a yellow liquid to create
yellow-colored paint.
Strainer– Used for separating the extract from any unwanted fibers or debris that may have been left
behind during the crushing process.
Sunset bells - are squeezed to get the red pigment from their buds to make red paint.
Tawas (Potassium Alum) – In the context of the study, potassium alum serves as a buffer and helps
to stabilize the pH level of the solution being studied.
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Chapter 2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES
This chapter will review relevant literature, studies, explore the color properties and chemical
components of these plant species, and discuss the relevance of the study in promoting sustainability
and eco-friendliness in art-making.
Foreign
These studies enable us to gain insights into the composition, properties, and applications of
different plant-based materials that can be used to create vibrant and sustainable colors for use in art
and paint. According the study of Sujata et al. (2020), it entails that marigold is a natural-colorants
that contains flavonoids and carotenoids, which are extracted by different techniques and used as
natural colorants on different fabrics. Studies have shown that washing and drying cotton fabrics in
the shade or sunlight had no effect on how well they concealed surface stains, suggesting that
marigold extract concentrate can be used as a trademark color. Mordants are used to give
innumerable shades to the fabric, and the dyes are tested for color fastness and washing properties.
Mordants are used to give innumerable shades to the fabric, and the dyes are tested for color fastness
and washing properties. According to Abidin et al., 2019 and Thuy et al., 2021, blue color
anthocyanins are generally found in blue color flowers and fruits. Clitoria ternatea flower is one
anthocyanin source containing stable blue color polyacylated anthocyanins. In addition, "Clitoria
ternatea L." Commonly referred to as butterfly pea

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or blue pea, this perennial leguminous plant is a member of the Fabaceae family. It has a number of
useful agricultural and therapeutic uses, including as fodder, a nitrogen-fixing crop, an
environmentally friendly insecticide, a food coloring agent, and in traditional medicine for conditions
like anasarca and ascites (Oguis et al., 2019). Furthermore, according to Marpaung et al., 2019, the
blue pea flower, Clitoria ternatea L., is a rich source of polyacylated anthocyanins, and because of
their greater stability when compared to non-acylated anthocyanins, they are advantageous for use as
natural food coloring agents.
Local
According to Liu (2019), plant pigments are excellent sources of organic and edible inks
which can be used to write on papers. Several other plants in the Philippines can produce ink and
used as colorants. Tagetes erecta, commonly known as marigold or locally referred to as ahito in the
Philippines, is an ornamental plant with a distinct appearance. The flowers of Tagetes erecta vary in
shades of pale to deep yellow. It can also be found growing spontaneously and becoming naturalized
in certain areas. The plant exhibits year-round flowering. Furthermore, the yellow flowers of Tagetes
erecta are the source of two food-colorant products: ‘marigold meal’ and ‘marigold extract’.
Marigold meal consists of dried powdered flowers to enhance the yellow color of the meat and of the
egg-yolk. Marigold extract is a solvent extract of the flowers, used mainly in western Europe as a
yellow to orange food colorant. Fresh and dry flowers can be used to dye wool, silk and cellulose
fibres into shades of golden-yellow to orange and olive-green to bronze, depending on the
mordanting substances used (Setshogo, 2020). Clitoria ternatea, commonly known as butterfly pea, is
a perennial herbaceous plant from the Fabaceae family. It has recently attracted a lot of interest as it
has potential applications both in modern medicine and agriculture, and as a source of natural food
colorants and antioxidants. C. ternatea has long been cultivated as a forage and fodder crop, and early
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studies assessed the plant for these purposes (Oguis et al., 2019). A blue colorant is now the most
challenging to obtain since the anthocyanins that give it its color are the least stable and easily
destroyed after extraction. Common operational factors that affect their stability include shifting pH
values, extreme temperatures, and light exposure. Due to their antioxidant activity and positive
health effects like anti-cancer, anti-obesity, antibacterial, and more, anthocyanins have been
recognized as a source of functional molecules in addition to their color characteristics. The purpose
of this study was to identify the chemical components of C's ethanolic extract's extractable
polyphenols. statistically, femalea (M.K. Zainol, 2021).
Synthesis of the Review of Related Literature and Studies
Previous research on marigold and clitoria ternatea gave useful insights into the possible use
of these plant components as natural dyes and colorants in a variety of applications. Liu, Sujata, and
Setshogo's marigold study demonstrated the plant's flowers' significant potential as a source of
natural dye, yielding vivid yellow and orange hues equivalent to synthetic dyes. They also
discovered that marigold dye was more colorfast than some synthetic dyes, making it a potential
alternative for the textile and paper sectors. Similarly, M.K. Zainol, Abidin, Thuy, Oguis, and
Marpaung's study on Clitoria ternatea revealed the plant's blooms' potential as a source of natural
blue pigment. They discovered that the pigment remained stable even under high temperatures and
adverse chemical conditions, implying that it could be used in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.
Even so, these investigations aided in the creation of plant-based art paint by providing a
foundation for investigating the use of natural dyes and colorants in art materials. Researchers could
study additional plant materials that can produce a variety of colors and hues by starting with
marigold and clitoria ternatea. Furthermore, the findings on the stability and colorfastness of these
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natural pigments can aid in the production of more environmentally friendly and sustainable creative
materials.
Overall, the marigold and clitoria ternatea investigations have aided in the growth of natural
dye and colorant research, which has ramifications not just in the art sector but also in textiles, food,
and medicine. The knowledge gathered from these studies can assist promote the use of sustainable
materials, which are not only good for the environment but also give art goods a distinct and lively
aesthetic quality
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Chapter 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research Design
In order to achieve the research objectives, the study will be designed to evaluate the
paintings, respondents’ feedback regarding the color brightness, granulation and shelf-life of the art-
paint. Data collected from participant surveys will be analyzed using statistical software, which will
enable the quantitative analysis of the data. Furthermore, the quantitative data collected in the
surveys will be analyzed using a thematic analysis approach to identify key themes and patterns that
emerge from the sample responses. This study will incorporate quantitative research methods to
explore the potential benefits of using plant-based materials in art-paint, specifically in terms of its
aesthetics and granulation.
Population, Sample Size, and Sampling Technique
From the population of grade 10 students. The researchers used stratified sampling technique
to ensure that the sample represents the diversity within the population. Specifically, the researchers
will divide the population of grade 10 students into subgroups based on their section; Macuja, Gold,
Copper, Mercury, Bronze. The sample will be selected by randomly choosing 5 students from each
section. The use of stratified sampling will also help to control for any bias that may arise from
selecting a sample that is unrepresentative of the population. By randomly

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selecting students from each stratum, the researchers can be confident that their results are
generalized to the entire population of grade 10 student.
Description of Respondents
The respondents of the study are selected MAPEH 10 students of Madrid National High
School of SY 2022-2023. The researchers chose the said respondents for various factors including
their relevance to the research topic, availability and willingness to participate. Additionally, the
selection of MAPEH 10 students ensures that the respondents have a certain level of understanding
and exposure to the subject matter being investigated. This specific group was chosen to provide
valuable insights and perspectives related to the research objectives.
Research Instrument
The research instruments used for this study is a survey questionnaire. The survey focuses on
the respondents' preferences for art paint made of marigold, blue ternate, and sunset bells on a canvas
and bond paper containing a series of statements using a 5-point Likert scale. The survey
questionnaire will be administered to a sample of MAPEH 10. The survey will be distributed to the
students through their respective rooms and will take approximately 5 minutes to complete.
Materials Used
The survey questionnaire will be administered to a sample of MAPEH 10. The survey will be
distributed to the students through their respective rooms and will take 5-7 minutes to complete. The
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data collected from the survey will be analyzed using statistical tools such as mean, standard
deviation, and t-test to determine the level of agreement or disagreement towards using the art paint
and to compare the preference of the students between using the paint on canvas or bond paper. The
findings will be presented through tables and graphs to provide a clear representation of the results.
Ingredients/Materials Used Number Measurement
Mortar and pestle 1 mortar
1 pestle
Canvas 1 16 x 20 inches
Bond Paper 4
Flower petals 1 Dipper each type of flower
Elmer’s glue 1 130 g
Tawas (Potassium Alum) 1 50 g
Table 1.
Procedure
Look and gather for the flowers (Blue ternate, Sunset Bells, and Marigold) to give the shades and
pigment of the art paint mainly yellow, blue, and red. Wash the chosen flowers in a bowl and separate the
petals from the buds. Crush the flower petals using the mortar and pestle, then sift the flower extract using a
thin piece of cloth to separate the particles from the extract. Contain the extract in the 50-grams tawas
container together with the Elmers glue and alum powder to give the paint its consistency and prevent its
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unpleasant odor. Stirring and thickening. Lastly, paint on canvas and bond paper in order for the comparative
study to be performed with the selected Grade 10 MAPEH students.
Data Collection
The data collection process involves administering a survey to MAPEH 10 students who have
used the marigold, sunset, and, blue ternate art paint on either canvas or bond paper. The survey will
use Likert scale to measure the level of preference for the art paint on each type of medium the paint
is applied. Since the Likert scale is a commonly used rating scale that allows respondents to indicate
their degree of preference. A 5-point Likert scale survey will be utilized to collect the data. The
survey will include the following questions. The survey will be distributed to a sample of MAPEH
10 students who have experience in the field of art. The data collected from the survey will be
analyzed using statistical methods to determine the preferences and opinions of the students
regarding the art paint made of marigold blue ternate.
Research Setting
The experiment was carried out by the researchers at Madrid National High School using
thirty respondents who were enrolled in MAPEH. The experiment was conducted in their respective
classrooms. The Madrid National High School SY 2022-2023 was chosen as the research setting
because the researchers are currently enrolled in this school.
Statistical Treatment
The survey questionnaire accommodates a five-point satisfaction scale to measure the range
of one extreme view point to another. There are fine indicators of the products qualifications. Each
marked by numbers to represent the level of degree, and also the basis for calculating the mean of the
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participants answers to the questions. The following guiding principles are used to criterion the level
of sufficiency.
Table 2. The Five-Point Likert Scale
Weighted Mean Interval Adjectival Description
4.21-5.00 Very Much Sufficient
3.41-4.20 Much Sufficient
2.61-3.40 Moderately Sufficient
1.81-2.60 Sufficient
1.00-1.80 Not Sufficient
The five-point Likert scale used in this research measures the respondents' opinions on the
color brightness, granulation, and shelf-life sufficiency of natural paint. The scale ranges from one to
five, where 1 represents "not sufficient" and 5 represents "very much sufficient." The weighted mean
is used to calculate the average score of the responses for each characteristic. The weight assigned to
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each response is the number of respondents who selected that particular response. This provides a
more accurate representation of the central tendency of the data, as it takes into account the relative
importance of each response.
The adjectival description is used to interpret the results of the Likert scale. Each score on the
scale is assigned a descriptive term that represents the degree of sufficiency or adequacy of the
natural paint characteristic. The adjectival description helps to provide a more meaningful
interpretation of the scores, as it allows researchers to understand the degree of agreement or
disagreement of the respondents in more detail. The paired sample t-test is used to determine whether
there is a significant difference in the ratings of the natural paint applied to bond paper or canvas.
This statistical test compares the mean ratings of the two groups and determines whether the
difference is statistically significant or due to chance. The results of the test provide insight into
whether the type of surface affects the perceived quality of the natural paint.
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Chapter 4
INTERPRETATION, ANALYSIS AND PRESENTATION OF DATA
This chapter contains the presentation, analysis, and interpretation of the data collected.
Following the order of the problem stated in chapter, a discussion underneath the data is presented.
Table 1. Level of acceptance of MAPEH 10 students to the product applied in canvas.
CANVAS Mean Adjectival Mean
1. Color brightness
3.96 Much Sufficient
2. Granulation
3. Shelf-life
The findings of the satisfaction level in statistical mean are shown above. In problem number
1, natural art paint’s color brightness applied in canvas received a mean of 3.96 which is labeled in
the adjectival mean as much sufficient, 3.66 in granulation and also labeled as much sufficient in
adjectival mean, in shelf-life with a mean of 3.86 got an adjectival mean as much sufficient. In
connection to it, natural coloring agents can enhance the appeal of food. This investigation looked
into the feasibility of using floral extract from Clitora Ternatea as a natural colorant replacement.
Henrilyn Loñez et al, (2021).

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Table 2. Level of acceptance of MAPEH 10 students to the product applied in bond paper.
BOND PAPER Mean Adjectival Mean
1. Color brightness
2.9 Moderately Sufficient
2. Granulation
4. Shelf-life
The table above displays the degree to which MAPEH 10 students were satisfied with the
brightness, granulation, and shelf life of the paint put on bond paper. When used on bond paper, the
hue of the natural art paint has an exceptional brilliance, with a statistical mean of 2.9. Granulation of
fine art paint has a statistical mean of 2.83 and 3.36 for shelf life. As a result, natural art paint works
well as a substitute source of pigment. Respondents laud the paint's vibrant color and granulation as
well as its long shelf life. Additionally, a study by Sujata et al. (2020) indicates that marigold is a
natural colorant that is extracted using a variety of methods and used as a natural colorant on a
variety of products.
Table 3. Level of acceptance of MAPEH 10 students to the product applied in canvas and bond
paper.
Variable Tested T-Critical P-Value Decision Conclusion
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Level of acceptance of -4.90 0.39 Accept the null There is no significant

MAPEH 10 students to the hypothesis difference
product applied in canvas
and paper.
The results shown above the table, it presents a T-Critical of -4.90, 0.39 as the P-Value that
leads us to the decision of accepting the null hypothesis. It testifies that there is no significant
difference of the art-paint applied in canvas or bond paper. A similar study by Chaves et al. (2020)
and Abubakar and Haque(2020). According to the findings in their studies, Plant extracts can be used
in bond paper as well as canvas. It is, however, dependent on the type of plant extract and its
intended purpose. Some plant extracts, for example, are utilized as natural dyes for textiles such as
canvas. Some plant extracts, on the other hand, are employed in papermaking to improve the strength
and durability of the paper.
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Chapter 5
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS
This chapter typically focuses on presenting and analyzing the data collected through the
research study. The chapter also include a discussion of the statistical significance of the results and
an interpretation of what the findings mean in relation to the research questions and hypotheses. It
presents critical components provides the empirical evidence to support or reject the research
hypothesis or research questions.
Summary of Findings
This study is aimed to find out if the use of natural pigments such as marigold, sunset bells,
ad blue ternate, and test their significant difference whether it is better applied on bond paper or
canvas. The results presented in the table of significant difference have a T-Critical of -4.90 and a P-
Value of 0.39, which prompts us to accept the null hypothesis. It confirms that there are no
discernible differences between the art paint used on canvas and bond paper. As a result, artists who
favor using plant-based paints can decide between bond paper and canvas depending on their
preferences and the materials that are available without sacrificing the caliber of their artwork.
Particularly, artists who place a high priority on sustainability, plant-based colors may be a practical
and environmentally responsible alternative to traditional synthetic paints. The research generally
favors the usage of plant-based colors, and additional research could examine other.
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Conclusion
Using various plant-based sources. This means that plant-based dyes like marigold sunset
bells and blue ternate can be used in art painting instead of standard chemical-based dyes. These
plant-based sources have various advantages, including being environmentally friendly, low-cost,
and non-toxic, the utilization of plant-based sources encourages sustainability and lowers the
negative environmental impact of synthetic colors. As a result, this study lends support to the concept
of "green chemistry," which seeks to limit or eliminate the use of harmful chemicals in a variety of
industries, including art painting.
Furthermore, this discovery paves the way for future research into the use of plant-based
sources in other aesthetic applications such as textile dyeing and printing. It also encourages artists to
use environmentally friendly materials in their artworks in order to adopt sustainable practices.
Although there is no discernible difference between the art-paint placed on canvas versus bond paper
as specified in the problem statement, this suggests that both materials can be used interchangeably
for plant-based art-painting. Furthermore, marigold sunset bells and blue ternate color pigments
shown potential color brightness and endurance, making them excellent candidates for plant-based
art painting.
Evidently, these findings suggest that plant-based materials can be a viable and sustainable
alternative to synthetic paints, providing artists with a range of options to explore and experiment
with. As society becomes increasingly aware of the environmental impact of our consumption
patterns, the use of plant-based materials in art and other fields may become more widespread.
Furthermore, the use of natural materials can also contribute to a deeper appreciation and
understanding of the natural world.
Recommendations
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The next researchers should prolong the shelf-life of Tagetes Erecta, Clitora Ternatea,
Chrysothemis Pulchella (sunset bells, blue ternate, marigold) as an art-paint, In terms of proper
extracting the color pigments from the plant, researchers should use the right mordant to fix the
colors onto the canvas and bond paper, The next researcher should gather other plants to get blue,
yellow, red color pigments, It is also worth noting that although plant-based art-pants may not be as
widely available as synthetic paints, they more sustainable and eco-friendlier alternative, The next
researchers should utilize different neutralizer in their newly develop art-paint, It is important for
artist to source their plant materials responsibly to ensure that they are not contributing to
environment degradation or exploiting local communities, Researchers also recommend this study as
a reference or guide for other enthusiast who would like to make studies similar on this and Artists
and students who utilizes the natural paint should mix the primary colors in order to form new colors
from the original, for a wide range of color spectrum they can make use of in painting.
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References and B ibliography
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Yield of Aeroponically and Conventionally Grown Leafy Vegetables and Fruit Crops: A
Comparative Study. Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2014, 1–
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(Clitoria ternatea), a Cyclotide-Bearing Plant With Applications in Agriculture and
Medicine. Frontiers in Plant Science, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.00645
Abdullah, M. M., Nuri, A., Purwiyatno, H., & Didah, N. F. (2019). The Difference in
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Activity of Plant Extracts: Analysis of Sensitivity and Hierarchization Based on the Method
Used. Antioxidants, 9(1), 76. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9010076
Admin. (2020). Influences of dye pH on the efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells
Ahito /Tagetes erecta/ Maeigold: Philippine Medicinal Herbs / Philippine Alternative
and Dyeing Parameters for Natural Dyeing of Cotton Fabric Using Marigold (Tagetes erecta).
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Besleria pulchella | Gesneriad Reference Web. (n.d.).
Chandra, S., Khan, S. I., Avula, B., Lata, H., Yang, M., ElSohly, M. A., & Khan, I. A.
Chaves, N., Santiago, A. G., & Alías, J. C. (2020). Quantification of the Antioxidant
colorant for soft candy (Gummy Candy). Indian Journal of Science and
Colour Shifting of Clitoria ternatea L. Flower Extract at pH 1, 4, and 7 During
Storage. Current Nutrition & Food Science, 15(7), 694–
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Determination of Active Ingredients in Tea: Current State, Challenges, and Future
Perspectives. Separations, 10(2), 121. https://doi.org/10.3390/separations10020121
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extraction and fractionation procedures for experimental purposes. Journal of Pharmacy and
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Farooq, A., Ali, S., Abbas, N., Zahoor, N., & Ashraf, M. (2013). Optimization of Extraction
Harlapur, S. F., Harlapur, S., & Harlapur, S. F. (2020). Ecofriendly Marigold Dye as
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https://gesneriads.info/antique-prints/besleria-pulchella-curtis-2-prints/
https://so04.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/jnuks/article/view/248295
Identification of Anthocyanin Compounds in Butterfly Pea Flowers (Clitoria ternatea L.) by
Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography/Ultraviolet Coupled to Mass
Spectrometry. Molecules, 26(15), 4539. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26154539
Koina, I. M., Sarigiannis, Y., & Hapeshi, E. (2023). Green Extraction Techniques for the
Koina, I. M., Sarigiannis, Y., & Hapeshi, E. (2023b). Green Extraction Techniques for the
Lo Ntilde Ez, H. E., & Banwa, T. (2021). Butterfly Pea (Clitoria ternatea): A natural
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Narongdecha, W. (2019). Natural color extraction for painting. so01.tci-thaijo.org.
Narongdecha, W. (2021, June 24).
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Natural Colourant for Fabric. In IntechOpen eBooks.

https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93823
Oguis, G. K., Gilding, E. K., Jackson, M. J., & Craik, D. J. (2019). Butterfly Pea (Clitoria
Oguis, G. K., Gilding, E. K., Jackson, M. J., & Craik, D. J. (2019b). Butterfly Pea
Rengasamy, K. R., Zainol, N. A., Abidin, S. a. Z., & Zengin, G. (2021). New insights into the
phytochemical composition, enzyme inhibition and antioxidant properties of desert cotton
(Aerva javanica (Bum.f) Shult. -Amaranthaceae). Natural Product Research, 35(4), 664–
668. https://doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2019.1587427
Saleem, H., Zengin, G., Rehman, K. U., Ahmad, I., Waqas, M., Zengin, G.,
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structural characterization, physicochemical properties, and stability of gardenia yellow
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Tang, L., Liu, H., Huang, G., Yuan, Z., Fu, M., Bu, Z., Wen, J., & Qian, M. C. (2022b). The
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ternatea), a Cyclotide-Bearing Plant With Applications in Agriculture and
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Thuy, N., Minh, V. Q., Ben, T. C., Nguyen, M., Ha, H. K., & Van Tai, N. (2021).
using natural dye extracted from Clitoria ternatea. Publiscience.
http://www.publiscience.org/influences-of-dye-ph-on-the-efficiency-of-dye-sensitized-solar-
cells-using-natural-dye-extracted-from-clitoria-ternate
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APPENDIX A
Letter of Approval
May 25, 2023

Madrid National High School
Madrid, Surigao Del Sur
Ma'am/Sir
Greetings of peace and love!
We, Grade 10 students from the STE section Newton at Madrid National High School, are writing to
seek your approval for a research study on "Natural Hue: Plant-based applicants as art-paint
mainly marigold, sunset bells, and blue ternate”. Our study aims to conduct a survey among
junior high school grade 10 students.
With your approval, we hope to commence the study sooner as possible. We believe it will
contribute to the advancement of knowledge in the field of environmental science and sustainability.
We look forward to your favorable response and support.
Thank you for your consideration.
Sincerely,
The Researchers
APPENDIX B
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SURVEY QUESTIONS
Table 1:
Canvas Not Sufficient Moderately Much Very Much

Sufficient 2 Sufficient Sufficient Sufficient
1 3 $ 5
1.) Does natural art paint vary in color

brightness when applied to canvas?
2.) Granulation of the art paint applied

prior to canvas?
3.) Does the shelf-life of natural art

paint vary whether applied in canvas?
Canvas Not Sufficient Moderately Much Very Much

Sufficient 2 Sufficient Sufficient Sufficient
1 3 $ 5
1.) Does natural art paint vary in color

brightness when applied to bond paper?
2.) Granulation of the art paint applied

prior to bond paper?
3.) Does the shelf-life of natural art

paint vary whether applied in bond
paper?
Table 2:
Adapted from: https://www.simplypsychology.org/likert-scale.html
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APPENDIX C
DOCUMENTATIONS
Materials
Blue Ternate Marigold
Sunset
Bells Tawas
Elmer’s Glue
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APPENDIX D
Cost Analysis
Materials Amount
Tawas PHP 15
Elmer’s Glue PHP 40
The cost breakdown of the materials that the researchers bought to make the product is shown
in the above table. The additional items required were no longer listed on the table because the
researchers had access to them.
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Republic of the Philippines

NATURAL HUE: PLANT-BASED (TAGETES ERECTA, CLITORA

Madrid National High School

Chapter 4: INTERPRETATION, ANALYSIS AND PRESENTATION OF DATA

Chapter 5: Summary of Findings, Conclusion, Recommendation 19

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING

creating vibrant and unique colors in artwork.

investigation and analysis of their chemical composition, hue, and stability.

antioxidants, according to a number of research that are

the cotton garments that were weaved.

of marigold, sunset bells, and blue ternate as natural hues in art.

uses plant-based extracts as a bridge and pathway similar to dyes.

blend of the combination of the mastery of technical parameters, and tradition.

cultural contexts and the significance of their application.

Figure 1. The Schematic Diagram of the Study

lovely and socially responsible works of art.

Statement of the Problem

1.1 color brightness

1.2 granulation and;

2.1 color brightness

2.2 granulation and;

product applied in canvas and paper prior to?

3.1 color brightness

3.2 granulation and;

get the data.

Significance of the Study

in the field of arts.

using sustainable materials and the potential of natural pigments in art.

paints have on the environment.

preference and level of acceptance.

preference and level of acceptance.

behind during the crushing process.

to stabilize the pH level of the solution being studied.

and eco-friendliness in art-making.

ternatea L." Commonly referred to as butterfly pea

useful agricultural and therapeutic uses, including as fodder, a nitrogen-fixing crop, an

natural food coloring agents.

polyphenols. statistically, femalea (M.K. Zainol, 2021).

Synthesis of the Review of Related Literature and Studies

aesthetics and granulation.

Population, Sample Size, and Sampling Technique

selecting a sample that is unrepresentative of the population. By randomly

generalized to the entire population of grade 10 student.

valuable insights and perspectives related to the research objectives.

Ingredients/Materials Used Number Measurement

Mortar and pestle 1 mortar

Flower petals 1 Dipper each type of flower

Elmer’s glue 1 130 g

Tawas (Potassium Alum) 1 50 g

study to be performed with the selected Grade 10 MAPEH students.

regarding the art paint made of marigold blue ternate.

because the researchers are currently enrolled in this school.

Table 2. The Five-Point Likert Scale

Weighted Mean Interval Adjectival Description

4.21-5.00 Very Much Sufficient

3.41-4.20 Much Sufficient

2.61-3.40 Moderately Sufficient

1.00-1.80 Not Sufficient

importance of each response.

interpretation of the scores, as it allows researchers to understand the degree of agreement or

Table 1. Level of acceptance of MAPEH 10 students to the product applied in canvas.

CANVAS Mean Adjectival Mean