YCT IIT JEE Vector Algebra

16.
Vector Algebra
uuur
A. Distance, Position and section ( ) (
AC = 2iˆ + 5ˆj + 7kˆ – 4iˆ + 7ˆj + 8kˆ
uuur
)
formula of vector AC = –2iˆ – 2ˆj – kˆ
r r uur
1. If a = 2iˆ + 3jˆ + k,
ˆ b = 4iˆ + 5jˆ + 3kˆ
AC = 4 + 4 + 1 = 3
r
and c = 6iˆ + ˆj + 5kˆ are the position vectors of
Then AB divides BC in the ratio AB : AC
the vertices of triangle ABC respectively, then Position vector, Of D
the position vector of the intersection of the uur uur
medians of the triangle ABC is ( )
AB 2iˆ + 5ˆj + 7kˆ + AC 2iˆ + 3jˆ + 4kˆ ( )
(a) 2iˆ + 3jˆ + 3kˆ (b) 4iˆ + 3jˆ + 3kˆ = uur uur
AB + AC
(c) 5iˆ + 3jˆ + 3kˆ (d) 3iˆ + 3jˆ + 4kˆ
MHT CET-2020
=
( ) (
6 2iˆ + 5jˆ + 7kˆ + 3 2iˆ + 3jˆ + 4kˆ )
Ans. (b) : Given,
Position vector, 6+3
r
a = 2iˆ + 3jˆ + kˆ
r =
( 12iˆ + 30ˆj + 42kˆ + 6iˆ + 9ˆj + 12kˆ )
b = 4iˆ + 5ˆj + 3kˆ 6+3
r ˆ
And, c = 6i + j + 5k ˆ ˆ
=
( 18i + 39 j + 54kˆ
ˆ ˆ ) 1
(
= 6iˆ + 13jˆ + 18kˆ )
Intersection median of triangle ABC is G which is 6+3
centroid of triangle. 3
r r r 3. In a quadrilateral ABCD, M and N are the
a+b+c
Centroid of triangle ( G ) = midpoints
uuur uuuof r theuuuu
sides
r AB and CD respectively.
3 If AD + BC = tMN, then t =
2iˆ + 3jˆ + kˆ + 4iˆ + 5ˆj + 3kˆ + 6iˆ + ˆj + 5kˆ 1 3
= (a) (b)
3 2 2
ˆ ˆ
12i + 9 j + 9k ˆ (c) 2 (d) 4
= = 4iˆ + 3jˆ + 3kˆ MHT CET-2020
3 r r rr r r
2. If the position vectors of the vertices, A, B, C of Ans. (c) : Let a, b, c d, m, n be the position vectors
a triangle ABC are 4iˆ + 7jˆ + 8k, ˆ 2iˆ + 3jˆ + 4kˆ and of A, B, C, D, M, N, respectively. M and N are the
midpoints of AB and CD respectively.
2iˆ + 5jˆ + 7kˆ respectively, then the position r r
r a+b
vector of the point where bisector of angel A m = ,
meets BC is 2
r r r
a + b = 2m
(a) ( 6iˆ + 11jˆ + 15kˆ )
1
3
(
(b)
1 ˆ
4
)
8i + 14jˆ + 19kˆ
r c+d
r r
n=
(c)
2
(
1 ˆ ˆ
)
4i + 8j + 11kˆ (
(d)
1 ˆ
3
)
6i + 13jˆ + 18kˆ r r
c + d = 2n
2
r
MHT CET-2020 uuur r r uur r r
Ans. (d) : We have, AD = ( d – a ) , BC = ( c – b )
The position vector, Given,
r uuur uuur uuuur
a = 4iˆ + 7ˆj + 8kˆ
r AD + BC = t MN ( )
b = 2iˆ + 3jˆ + 4kˆ r r r r
r
c = 2iˆ + 5jˆ + 7kˆ
( ) ( )
d − a + c − b = t (n − m)
r r
r r r r r r
uur r r d − a + c − b = t (n − m)
( ) ( ˆ ˆ ) (
ˆ
AB = b – a = 2i + 3 j + 4k – 4i + 7 j + 8k ˆ ˆ) ˆ
r r r r
ˆ ˆ
= –2i – 4 j – 4k ˆ ( ) ( )
d + c − a + b = t (n − m)
r r
r r r r
uur 2n − 2m = t ( n − m )
AB = 4 + 16 + 16 = 6 r r r r
2 (n − m) = t (n − m)
uur r r
AC = ( c – a ) So, t=2
Vector Algebra 1272 YCT

4. The perimeter of the triangle whose vertices 2+q–5=0Then,
have the position vectors î + ˆj + k,
ˆ 5iˆ + 3jˆ - 3kˆ q=3
–3+5+r=0
and 2iˆ + 5jˆ + 9kˆ is r=–2
(a) ( )
15 − 157 units (b) ( )
15 + 157 units p –2+1=0
p=1
(c) (15 − 157 ) units (d) (15 + 157 ) units So, p = 1, q = 3 and r = – 2
MHT CET-2020 6. If A ( 0, 4, 0 ) , B ( 0, 0, 3 ) and C ( 0, 4, 3 ) are the
Ans. (d) : Given the position vector, vertices of ∆ABC , then its incentre is,
r r
a = î + ˆj + k, ˆ cr = 2iˆ + 5jˆ + 9kˆ
ˆ b = 5iˆ + 3jˆ − 3k,
(a) ( 0,3,2 ) (b) ( 3,0,2 )
Let, A, B, C be the vertices of the triangle
uur r r (c) ( 0,2,3 ) (d) ( 2,0,3 )
( ) (
AB = b – a = 5iˆ + 3jˆ – 3kˆ – î + ˆj + kˆ ) MHT CET-2020
uuur r r r
∴ AB = 4iˆ + 2$j − 4kˆ Ans. (a) : Let, a, b, c be the position vector.
uuur Given, A (0, 4, 0), B (0, 0, 3), C (0, 4, 3) are the
AB = 16 + 4 + 16 vertices of ∆ABC.
r r
uuur ˆ cr = 4ˆj + 3kˆ
a = 4ˆj, b = 3k,
AB = 6 uur r r
uur r r
BC = c – b BC = c – b = 4ˆj + 3kˆ – 3kˆ
uur
( )
( ) ( )
uuur
BC = 2iˆ + 5ˆj + 9kˆ – 5iˆ + 3jˆ – 3kˆ BC = 4jˆ
uuur uuur
BC = −3iˆ + 2ˆj + 12kˆ BC = 16 = 4
uuur uur r r
BC = 9 + 4 + 144 AC = c – a = 4ˆj + 3kˆ – 4ˆj
uur
( )
uuur
BC = 157 AC = 3kˆ
uur r r uur
( ) (
AC = c – a = 2iˆ + 5ˆj + 9kˆ – î + ˆj + kˆ ) AC = 9 = 3
uuur r r
uur AB = b − a = 3kˆ − 4ˆj
AC = î + 4ˆj + 8kˆ uur
uur AB = 16 + 9 = 5
AC = 1 + 16 + 64
uur We know that,
uuur r uur r uur r
AC = 81 = 9
uuur uuur uuur r BC a + AC b + AB c
So, perimeter of triangle = AB + BC + AC I= uur uur uur
BC + AC + AB
= 6 + 157 + 9
= 15 + 157 units.
( ) ( ) (
r 4 4ˆj + 3 3kˆ + 5 4ˆj + 3kˆ
I=
)
5. If the origin is the centroid of the triangle 4+3+5
whose vertices are A (2, p, –3), B (q, –2, 5) and r 16ˆj + 9kˆ + 20ˆj + 15kˆ 36ˆj + 24kˆ
C (–5, 1, r) then I= =
(a) p = 1,q = 3, r = 2 (b) p = 1,q = 3, r = −2 r 12 12
(c) p = 1,q = −3, r = −2 (d) p = −1,q = 3, r = −2 I = 3$j + 2k$
r
MHT CET-2020 So, incentre of triangle is I (0, 3, 2).
Ans. (b) : Given, 7. If a, b, c are lengths of the sides BC, CA, AB
Vertices A (2, p, – 3) , B (q, – 2, 5) and C (– 5, 1, r) respectively of ∆ABC and H is any point in the
r r r plane ∆ABC
of uuur such that a
ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ
a = 2i + pj – 3k, b = qi – 2 j + 5k , c = –5i + j + rkˆ ˆ uuuur uuur r
We know that, aAH + bBH + cCH = 0 , then H is the
r (a) Incetnre of ∆ABC
G = 0iˆ + 0ˆj + 0kˆ (b) Orthocentre of ∆ABC
Centroid of triangle, (c) Circumcentre of ∆ABC
r r r
a+b+c (d) Centroid of ∆ΑΒC
G= MHT CET-2020
3
r r r r Ans. (a) : From the question,
a+b+c =0
( $ $
) ( ) ( )
2i + p j − 3k$ + qi$ − 2$j + 5k$ + −5i$ + $j + rk$ = 0i$ + 0$j + 0k$
( 2 + q – 5) î + ( p – 2 + 1) ˆj + ( –3 + 5 + r ) kˆ = 0iˆ + 0ˆj + 0kˆ

Consider H to be origin. r r r
10. If a,b, c are the position vectors of the points
Then position vector of the vertices A, B, C are
r r r A (1, 3, 0 ) , B ( 2,5, 0 ) ,C ( 4, 2, 0 ) respectively and
a, b, c respectively. r r r
uuur uuur uuur r c = t 1a + t 2 b , then value of t1 t 2 =
aAH + bBH + cCH = 0
r r r (a) 160 (b) −16 (c) 16 (d) −160
aa + bb + cc = 0
r r r MHT CET-2020
aa + bb + cc Ans. (d) : Given,
= 0,
a+b+c r
c = 4iˆ + 2ˆj + 0k$
Which is position vector of in centre.
r
Hence, H is in centre of ∆ABC. a = î + 3jˆ + 0kˆ
uuur uuur r
8. If AB = 3î + 5jˆ + 4k,
ˆ AC = 5iˆ – 5jˆ + 2kˆ
b = 2iˆ + 5jˆ + 0kˆ
represent the sides of triangle ABC, then the From given conditions,
length of median through A is r r r
(a) 6 units (b) 5 units c = t1a + t 2 b
(c) 6 units (d) 5 units
MHT CET-2020
( ) ( ) ( )
4iˆ + 2ˆj + 0kˆ = t1 î + 3jˆ + 0kˆ + t 2 2iˆ + 5ˆj + 0kˆ
Ans. ∴ = ( t1 + 2t 2 ) î + ( 3t1 + 5t 2 ) ˆj
uuur (b) : Given,
AB = 3iˆ + 5jˆ + 4kˆ ∴ t1 + 2t 2 = 4 and 3t1 + 5t 2 = 2
uuur
AC = 5iˆ − 5jˆ + 2kˆ Solving, we get t 2 = 10 and t1 = −16
uuur
Let AD is median So, t t
1 2 = − 160
Position vector of,
uur uur 11. A ≡ (2, 3, –2) and B ≡ (4, 1, –2) are two vertices
uuur AB + AC of ∆ABC. P,Q and R are the midpoints of AB,
AD = BC and AC respectively. The coordinates of R
2
5 5 7
uuur
AD =
( ) ( )
3iˆ + 5jˆ + 4kˆ + 5iˆ − 5jˆ + 2kˆ are  , , –  . Then the centroid of ∆PQR
2 2 2
2 is
uuur ( 3 + 5 ) î + ( 5 − 5) ˆj + ( 4 + 2 ) kˆ (a) ( 3, −2, −3 ) (b) ( 3,2, −3 )
AD =
2 3 7 3
uuur 8iˆ + 6kˆ (c) ( 3,2,3 ) (d)  , − , 
2 2 2
AD =
2 MHT CET-2019
uuur Ans. (b) : Let,
ˆ
AD = 4i + 3k ˆ
uuur r r r r r r
a, b, c, p, q, r be the position vectors of A, B, C, P, Q,
AD = 16 + 9 = 25 = 5
R respectively.
Hence, length of median is 5 units. r
r r r r ∴ a = 2iˆ + 3jˆ − 2k, ˆ
9. If a,b, c,d are the position vector of the points r
A, B, C, r Dr respectively such b = 4iˆ + ˆj − 2k,ˆ
r r r
that 3a – b + 2c – 4d = 0, then the position r 5ˆ 5ˆ 7 ˆ
r = i + j− k
vector of the point of intersection of the line 2 2 2
segments AC and BD is r $ $ $
r r r r Consider, c = xi + y j + zk
a+b 3a + c
(a) (b) Then, from question –
r2 r r 4 r r r
a+c r
b + 3d b + 4d =r
(c) (d) 2
4 5
Ans. (d) : Given,

MHT CET-2020 ( ) ( )
2i$ + 3j$ − 2k$ + xi$ + y$j + zk$  5 5 7 
=  $i + $j − k$ 
r r r r 2 2 2 2 
3a − b + 2c − 4d = 0
Rearranging ther term in equation, ( 2 + x ) $i + ( 3 + y ) $j + ( z − 2 ) k$ = 5i$ + 5j$ − 7k$
r r r
3a + 2c = b + 4d On comparing both side, we get -
r r r x = 3, y = 2, z = –5
3a + 2c b + 4d r
∴ = Then, c = 3iˆ + 2ˆj − 5kˆ
3+ 2 1 + 4
r r r r As the centroid of the triangle formed by joining the
3a + 2c b + 4d
So, = mid points of the sides of a given triangle coincides
5 5 with the centroid of the given triangle.
∴ Centroid
uur r r
AC = c − a
 2 + 4 + 3 3 + 1 + 2 −2 − 2 − 5  uur
of ∆PQR = 
 3
,
3
,
3
 = ( 3, 2, −3)

( ) (
AC = – 4iˆ + 5ˆj + 6kˆ – 3iˆ + 7 ˆj + 4kˆ )
uur
12. If P (1, 2, 3), R(4, 5, –1) are the vertices and AC = –7iˆ − 2ˆj + 2kˆ
G(2, 3, –1) is the centroid of ∆PQR, then Volume of parallelepiped,
coordinates of midpoint of PQ are
(a) (1,2,1) (b) (1,2,2 ) uur uur uuur 2 −9 −1
(c) (1, −2, −1) (d) (1,2, −1) AB AC AD = –7 −2 2
MHT CET-2019 –2 −5 −1
Ans. (d) : Let,
r r r r
p, q, r and g be the position vectors of P, Q, R and G = 2 ( 2 + 10) + 9 ( 7 + 4) − 1( 35 − 4) = 24 + 99 − 31 = 92
respectively. = 92 cubic units
Given,
r ˆ 14. If G (3, –5, r) is centroid of triangle ABC where
p = i + 2ˆj + 3kˆ
r ( )
A (7, –8, 1), B p,q, 5 and C q + 1, 5p, 0 are ( )
r = 4iˆ + 5ˆj – kˆ vertices of a triangle then values of p, q, r are
r respectively
g = 2iˆ + 3jˆ – kˆ
(a) −4,5,4 (b) 6,5,4
We know that,
Centroid, (c) −3,4,3 (d) −2,3,2
r r r MHT CET-2019
r p+q+ r
g= Ans. (d) : Let,
3 r r r r
a, b, c, g be the position vectors of A, B, C and G
( ) ( ) r
3 2iˆ + 3jˆ – kˆ = î + 2ˆj + 3kˆ + q + ( 4iˆ+5ˆj–kˆ ) respectively.
r r
6iˆ + 9ˆj – 3kˆ = 5iˆ + 7ˆj + 2kˆ + q a = 7iˆ − 8jˆ + k,
ˆ
r r
q = î + 2ˆj – 5kˆ b = piˆ + qjˆ + 5kˆ
Co-ordinates of mid-point P and Q is, r
And, c = ( q + 1) î + 5pjˆ + 0kˆ
1+1 2 + 2 3 – 5  r
g = 3iˆ − 5jˆ + rkˆ
= , ,  = (1, 2, – 1)
 2 2 2  By centroid formula,
Hence, the mid-point of PQ (1, 2, –1). r r r
r a+b+c
13. If A, B, C and D are (3, 7, 4), (5, –2, 3), (–4, 5, 6) g=
and (1, 2, 3 ) respectively, then the volume of 3
r r r r
the parallelopiped with AB, AC and AD as the 3g = a + b + c
coterminus edges, is (in cubic units)
(a) 92 (b) 94 ( ) ( ) (
3 3iˆ − 5ˆj + rkˆ = 7iˆ − 8ˆj + kˆ + piˆ + qjˆ + 5kˆ )
(c) 91 (d) 93 + ( q + 1) î + 5pjˆ
MHT CET-2019
Ans. (a) : Given, 9iˆ − 15jˆ + 3rkˆ = ( 8 + p + q ) î + ( −8 + q + 5p ) ˆj + ( 6 ) kˆ
A = ( 3,7, 4 ) ,B = ( 5, −2,3 ) ,C = ( −4,5,6 ) , D = (1, 2,3 ) By equality of vectors,
r r r r 8 + p + q = 9, −8 + q + 5p = −15 and 3r = 6
Let a, b, c, d be the position vectors of A, B, C, D
∴ q = 1 − p ⇒ −8 + 1 − p + 5p = −15 ⇒ 4p − 7 = −15 ⇒ p = −2
respectively.
r ∴ q = 1 − ( −2 ) = 3 and 6 = 3r ⇒ r = 2
a = 3iˆ + 7ˆj + 4kˆ
r So, (p,q,r) = (–2, 3, 2)
b = 5iˆ − 2ˆj + 3kˆ r
r ˆ ˆ ˆ
15. If G ( g ) , H h
r
( ) r
and P ( p ) are centroid,
c = − 4i + 5 j + 6k orthocentere
r r r and r
circumcentere of a triangle
= î +r2ˆj + 3kˆ
duur and xp + yh + zg = 0, then ( x, y, z ) =
r
AB = b − a (a) 1,1, −2 (b) 2,1, −3
uur
( ˆ ˆ ) (
ˆ
AB = 5i − 2 j + 3k – 3i + 7 j + 4k
uur
ˆ ) ˆ ˆ (c) 1,3, − 4 (d) 2,3, −5
MHT CET-2016
r
AB = 2 i – 9ˆj – kˆ Ans. (b) :
uuur r r Centroid (G) = g
r
AD = d − a r
uuur
AD = ( î + 2ˆj + 3kˆ ) – ( 3iˆ + 7 ˆj + 4kˆ ) Orthocenter (H) = h
r
uuur Circumcenter (P) = p
ˆ ˆ
AD = –2i − 5 j − k ˆ
We know that,
Section formula,
r (a) (1, 0, 2 ) (b) ( −1, 0, 2 )
r
r 2p + 1 ⋅ h (c) (1, 0,3 ) (d) ( −1, 0,3)
g=
2 + 1r MHT CET-2010
r r Ans. (d) : Let,
3g = 2p + h r r r r
r r r a, b, c, g be the position vectors of A, B, C and G
2p + h – 3g = 0 ....(i)
r r r respectively.
xp + yh + zg = 0 ....(ii) r
∴ a = xiˆ + 2ˆj + 8kˆ
On comparing equation (i) and (ii), we get– r
x = 2, y = 1, z = – 3 b = 3iˆ + yjˆ + 4kˆ
So, (x, y, z) = (2, 1, – 3) r
c = 4iˆ + ˆj + zkˆ
16. If P is orthocenter, Q is circumcentre uuur and G is
r
centroid of ∆ABC, then QP = g = 2iˆ + ˆj + 5kˆ
uuur uuur r r r
r a +b+c
(a) 3QG
uuur
(b) 2QG
uuur As G is the centroid of ∆ABC, g = i.e.
r 3
(c) QG (d) 4QG r r r
MHT CET-2012 3g = a + b + c
Ans. (a) : Let,
r r 3( 2iˆ + ˆj + 5kˆ ) = ( xiˆ + 2jˆ + 8kˆ ) + ( 3iˆ + yjˆ + 4kˆ ) + ( 4iˆ + ˆj + zkˆ )
p and g be the position vectors of P and G with
respect to the circumcentre Q.
uuur r uuur r 6i$ + 3j$ + 15k$ = ( x + 3 + 4 ) $i + ( 2 + y + 1) $j + ( 8 + 4 + z ) k$
QP = p and QG = g
= ( x + 7 ) î + ( y + 3) ˆj + ( z + 12 ) kˆ
We know that,
uuur x + 7 = 6 i.e. x = −1, y + 3 = 3 i.e. y = 0 and
G divides segment QP internally ratio of 1:2
r r z + 12 = 15 i.e. z = 3
ma + nb r So, (x, y, z) = (–1, 0, 3)
=g r r r
m+n 19. If 2a + 3b – 5c = 0, then the ratio in which C
r r r
r 1.p + 2q p divided AB is
∴ g= = (Q q = 0 where q is reference (a) 2 : 3 internally (b) 2 : 3 externally
1+ 2 3
point) (c) 3 : 2 internally (d) 3 : 2 externally
r r MHT CET-2009
∴ p = 3g
uuur uuur Ans. (c) : Given,
QP = 3QG r r r
2a + 3b – 5c = 0
r
17. If the position vectors of the vertices A, B and 2ar + 3b = 5cr
C are 6i, ˆ 6jˆ and k̂ respectively with respect to r r r r
2a + 3b r 2a + 3b r
origin O, the volume of the tetrahedron OABC =c, =c
5 3+ 2
is
1 1 r 3 r
(a) 6 (b) 3 (c) (d) 2 a + b
6 3  2  r
=c ,
MHT CET-2012 3 
2  + 1
Ans. (a) : Given, 2 
uuur
ˆ ˆ
OA = 6i = 6i + 0 j + 0k ˆ ˆ r 3 r
uuur a + b r
OB = 6ˆj = 0iˆ + 6jˆ + 0kˆ  2 
=c ….(i)
uuur  3
OC = kˆ = 0iˆ + 0ˆj + kˆ 1 + 
The position vectors of A, B, C, with respect to origin  2
We know that,
respectively.
a + λb
6 0 0 c= ….(ii)
uuur uuur uuur 1+ λ
OA OB OC  = 0 6 0 = 6 ( 6 − 0 ) − 0 + 0 = 36
  From comparing equation (i) & (ii), we get –
0 0 1 3
Now, volume of tetrahedron λ=
2
1 uuur uuur uuur 1 Hence, the point C divides AB internally in the ratio
=  OA OB OC  = ( 36 ) = 6
  of 3:2.
6 6
20. Let A (3,5,6) and B (4,6,–3). Find ratio in
18. If A ( x, 2, 8 ) , B ( 3, y, 4 ) and C ( 4,1, z ) are which yz plane is dividing AB.
vertices of ∆ABC and G ( 2,1, 5 ) is the centroid (a) 3 : 4 externally (b) 3 : 4 internally
(c) 4 : 3 externally (d) 4 : 3 internally
then the values of x, y and z are respectively
MHT CET-2008
Ans. (a) : Given, Ans. (d) : Given,
A = ( 3,5, 6 ) and B = ( 4, 6, −3) The position vectors of the vertices,
uuur uuur
Let, yz-plane divide AB in the ratio of k : 1 at point P. OA = 7ˆj + 10k,
ˆ OB = −î + 6ˆj + 6k,
ˆ
x coordinate of point P will be 0. uuur
(x1 = 3, x2 = 4) OC = −4iˆ + 9ˆj + 6kˆ
uur uur uuur
kx + x1 AB = OB – OA
P= 2 , uur
k +1
( ) (
AB = −î + 6ˆj + 6kˆ − 7ˆj + 10kˆ )
k ( 4 ) + 1 ( 3) uur
0= AB = –iˆ − ˆj − 4kˆ
k +1 uur
4k + 3 = 0 AB = 1 + 1 + 16 = 3 2
uur uur uur
k −3 BC = OC – OB
= uur
1 4
k:1=–3:4
( ) (
BC = −4iˆ + 9ˆj + 6kˆ – −î + 6ˆj + 6kˆ )
uuur
Q Externally ratio is negative. BC = −3i$ + 3j$
Hence, YZ-plane divides the segment AB externally uuur
BC = ( −3) + ( 3)
2 2
in the ratio of 3 : 4.
r uur
r
( )
21. For 3 points A ( a ) ,B b ,C ( c )
r
BC = 18 = 3 2
r r r uur uuur uur
if 3a + 2b – 5c = 0, then CA = OA − OC
(a) Point C divides AB externally in ratio 3 : 2 uur
(b) 3 Points from ∆ABC ( ) (
CA = 7 ˆj + 10kˆ – –4iˆ + 9ˆj + 6kˆ )
(c) C is not mid-point of AB uur
(d) C divides AB internally in ratio 2 : 3 CA = 4iˆ − 2ˆj + 4kˆ
MHT CET-2007 uuur
CA = ( 4 ) + ( −2 ) + ( 4 )
2 2 2
Ans. (d) : Given that,
r r r uur
3a + 2b − 5c = 0 CA = 36 = 6
r r r
5c = 3a + 2b
r r r r 3 2, 3 2 & 6 are sides of a right angled ∆.
r 3a + 2b 2b + 3a
c= = 2
AB + BC = AC
2 2
r5 r 2+3
r 2b + 3a Q (3 2) 2 + (3 2) 2 = 36
c=
2+3 Hence, the ∆ABC is a right-angled and isosceles also.
r r
 2 r r 23. If the area of the parallelogram with a and b
3 b + a  as two adjacent sides is 15 sq. units then the
c=
3  …(i) area r of the parallelogram having
r r r
2  3a + 2b and a + 3b as two adjacent sides in sq.
3  + 1
3  units is
a + λb (a) 45 (b) 75
c= …(ii) (c) 105 (d) 120
λ +1 Karnataka CET-2006,2021
Comparing equation (i) & (ii), we get-
Ans. (c) : Given,
2 Area of parallelogram (A) = 15 sq. units
λ= r r r
3
This shows that the point C divides segment AB
r
( )(
Sides 3a + 2b , a + 3b )
internally in the ratio 2 : 3. We know that,
22. If the position vectors of the vertices A, B, C of Area of parallelogram (A) = a × b
a triangle ABC are 7jˆ + 10k, ˆ – î + 6jˆ + 6kˆ and r r r
ˆ ˆ
–4i + 9j + 6kˆ respectively, the triangle is :
r
(
= 3a + 2b × a + 3b ) ( )
r r r r
(a) equilateral = 7 a×b = 7 a×b ( )
(b) isosceles
(c) scalene ( A ) = 7 ×15 = 105
square units
(d) right angled and isosceles also Hence, the required of parallelogram = 105 square
BITSAT-2008 units.

24. The diagonals of a parallelogram are the Ans. (b) : The position vector of a point P is
r
vectors 3iˆ + 6jˆ – 2kˆ and –iˆ – 2jˆ – 8k,
ˆ then the r = xiˆ + yjˆ + zkˆ
length of the shorter side of parallelogram is Where, x,y,z ∈ N
r rr
(a) 2 3 (b) 14 (c) 29 (d) 4 3 and a = î + ˆj + kˆ r.a = 10
Karnataka CET-2021
Ans. (c) : Given, (xiˆ + yiˆ + zk)
ˆ ⋅ (iˆ + ˆj + k)
ˆ = 10
Diagonals of a parallelogram, x + y + z=10
r Here, x,y,z are natural number so, x,y,z can not be
d1 = 3iˆ + 6ˆj – 2kˆ
r negative and zero as well so at least x,y,z should be 1.
d = –iˆ – 2jˆ – 8kˆ
2 So, value of x,y,z vary from 2 to 8
We know that, So, combination of values become 7 C3 + 1
r 1 r r
(
a = d1 + d 2
2
) Passible value =
7
+1
43
a=
2
{(
r 1 ˆ ˆ
) (
3i + 6j – 2kˆ + –iˆ − 2ˆj − 8kˆ )} =
7×6×5
+ 1 = 35 + 1 = 36
3 × 2 ×1
r 2iˆ + 4ˆj – 10kˆ r
a= , a = î + 2ˆj − 5kˆ 27. The position vector of a point R which divides
2 the line joining two points P and Q whose
r r
a = 1 + 4 + 25 , a = 30 position vectors are î + 2jˆ − kˆ and − î + ˆj − kˆ
r r
r d1 − d 2 r
b= , b=
( ) (
3iˆ + 6ˆj − 2kˆ − −î − 2ˆj − 8kˆ ) respectively, in the ratio 2 : 1 externally is
(a) −3iˆ − kˆ (b) 3iˆ + kˆ
2 2 ˆ ˆ ˆ
(c) 2i + j − k (d) none of these
r 4iˆ + 8jˆ + 6kˆ r
b= , b = 2iˆ + 4ˆj + 3kˆ AMU-2010
2 Ans. (a) : Given,
r
b = 4 + 16 + 9 P = î + 2ˆj – kˆ and Q = −î + ˆj – kˆ
r
So, b = 29
R=
( ) (
2. –iˆ + ˆj – kˆ – 1 î + 2ˆj – kˆ )
25. Let (3, 4, –1) and (–1, 2, 3) be the end points of 2 –1
a diameter of a sphere. Then, the radius of the [Q Externally division]
sphere is equal to ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ
R = −2i + 2 j – 2k − i − 2 j + kˆ
(a) 2 units (b) 3 units
(c) 6 units (d) 7 units R = –3iˆ – kˆ
COMEDK-2017 28. The points having position vectors
Ans. (b) : Let, 60iˆ + 3j,ˆ 40iˆ − 8j,ai
ˆ ˆ − 52j,
ˆ are collinear, if a =
P(3,4,–1) and Q(–1, 2, 3) be the end points of the
(a) −20 (b) −40
diameter of a sphere.
(c) 20 (d) 40
∴ Length of diameter = PQ
CG PET- 2018
Ans. (b) : Given that,
uuur
OA = 60iˆ + 3jˆ
uuur
OB = 40iˆ − 8ˆj
Since, d = ( x 2 − x1 ) + ( y 2 − y1 ) + ( z 2 − z1 )
2 2 2
uuur
OC = aiˆ − 52ˆj
uuur
Then, d = ( −1 − 3) + ( 2 − 4 ) + ( 3 + 1)
2 2 2
AB = −20iˆ − 11jˆ
uuur
d = 16 + 4 + 16 AC = ( a − 60 ) î − 55ˆj
d = 16 + 4 + 16 = 36 ∴ Vector are collinear.
d = 6 units uuur uuur
∴ AB = λ AC
d 6
So, radius = = = 3units −20 −11
2 2 =
r a − 60 −55
26. Let r be the position vector of a point P(x,y,z), −20 1
where
r r x, y and z are natural numbers and =
a = i + ˆj + k.
ˆ What is the total number of a − 60 5
rr a – 60= − 100
possible positions of point P for which r.a =10?
a = −100+60
(a) 18 (b) 36 (c) 66 (d) 72
SCRA-2009 a = − 40

29. The position vectors of A and B C = − 2 3 $j + k$
( )  1 1 
are î + ˆj + kˆ and  ˆj + kˆ  . If 'B' divides the
3 3 
D = 2i$ + k$
uuur uur ur
line AC in the ratio 2 : 1, then position vector of Q AB = B − A
'C' is uuur
AB = 5i$ + 3 3 $j + 4k$ − 2i$ − 4k$
1   1  uuur
(a)  ,0,0  (b)  0, ,0  AB = 3i$ + 3 3 $j
2   3 
 −1 − 1   −1  AB = 9 + 9 × 3 = 9 + 27 = 36
(c)  , ,0  (d)  ,0,0 
 2 2   2  AB = 6
uuur ur ur
APEAPCET-20.08.2021, Shift-I And, CD = D − C = 2i$ + k$ + 2 3 $j − k$
( )
uuur
Ans. (d): Let, OA = î + ˆj + kˆ CD = 2i$ + 2 3 $j
uuur
1 1  CD = 4 + 12
and OB =  ˆj + kˆ 
3 3  CD = 16 = 4
Given, ratio = 2 : 1 = m : n
So, m = 2, n = 1 Therefore,
CD 4
=
AB 6
4
CD = × AB
Q OB =
mOC + nOA 2OC + i + j + k
=
( ˆ ˆ ˆ) 6
4 uuur 2 uuur
CD = AB ⇒ CD = AB
m+n 3 6 3
1ˆ 1 ˆ 
(
3  j + k  = 2 ( OC ) + î + ˆj + kˆ
3 3 
) 32. The distance of the point having position vector
− î + 2 ˆj + 6kˆ from the straight line passing
ˆj + kˆ − î − ˆj − kˆ = 2. ( OC ) through the point (2, 3, –4) and parallel to the
1 vector, 6 î + 3ˆj − 4kˆ is
⇒ OC = − î + 0ˆj + 0kˆ
2 (a) 2 13 (b) 4 3
 − 1  (c) 6 (d) 7
∴ C =  ,0,0  JEE Main 10.04.2019, Shift-II
 2 
30. The locus of a point which is at a distance of 4
units from (3,–2) in xy-plane is_____ Position vector = −$i + 2$j + 6k$
(a) x2+y2+6x–4y+16 = 0 And point = (2, 3, –4)
(b) x2+y2–6x–4y+3 = 0
(c) x2+y2–6x+4y–16 = 0 Parallel vector = 6i$ + 3j$ − 4k$
(d) x2+y2–6x+4y–3 = 0
AP EAPCET-25.08.2021, Shift-II
Ans. (d) : Let, the point be (x,y)
(3 − x ) + ( −2 − y ) = 4
2 2
Then,
uuur
(3–x) + (–2–y)2 = 16
2
Q PQ = − 3i$ − $j + 10k$
9 + x2 – 6x + 4 + y2 + 4y = 16
x2 + y2– 6x + 4y –3 = 0 PQ = 110
31. The position vectors of the points A, B, C and D uuur r
ˆ –2 3jˆ + kˆ and 2iˆ + kˆ uuur PQ n 61
are 2iˆ + 4k,ˆ 5iˆ + 3 3jˆ + 4k, ∴ PR = r = = 61
uuur n 61
respectively. Then CD =
2 uuur 1 uuur So, RQ = PQ 2 − PR 2
(a) AB (b) AB
3 3
= 110 − 61 = 49 = 7
3 uuur 2 uuur
(c) AB (d) AB 33. Let A(3, 0, –1), B(2, 10, 6) and C(1, 2, 1) be the
2 5 vertices of a triangle and M be the mid-point of
J&K CET-2016 AC. If G divides BM in the ratio 2 : 1 then cos
Ans. (a) : Given, ∠GOA) (0, being the origin) is equal to
(∠
A = 2i$ + 4k$ 1 1
(a) (b)
B = 5i$ + 3 3$j + 4k$ 15 2 15

1 1 (p + 1) (p – 2) = 0
(c) (d) p = –1, p = 2
30 6 10 Since, p > 0 given, then p = –1 is discarded.
JEE Main 10.04.2019, Shift-I
Ans. (a) : Given, vertices of v1 v 2 4 3 +3 4 3+3
Now, cos θ = = =
A = (3, 0, –1) v1 v 2 13 ⋅ 13 13
B = (2, 10, 6)
(4 )
2
C = (1, 2, 1) 3 +3
G divided BM in 2 : 1 and M is midpoint of AC sin θ = 1 − cos 2 θ = 1−
(13)
2
G is centroid of the given triangle
 3 + 2 + 1 0 + 10 + 2 −1 + 6 + 1  112 − 24 3
G = , ,  sin θ =
 3 3 3  13
G = (2, 4, 2) ....(i)
C (1, 2, 1) sin θ 112 − 24 3
∴ tan θ = =
cos θ 4 3+3
α 3−2
Given, tan θ =
4 3+3
So, 112 − 24 3 = α 3 − 2
If θ be angle ∠GOA then ⇒ 6 3 − 2=α 3 − 2
uuur uuur uuur uuur
OA ⋅ OG = OA ⋅ OG cos θ .... (ii) ∴ α=6
Here, 35. If C is the mid-point of AB and P is any point
uuur
( ) ( ) ( )
outside AB, then
OA = 3i$ − 0i$ + 0$j − 0j$ + −k$ − 0k$ (a) PA + PB + PC = 0 (b) PA + PB + 2PC = 0
uuur (c) PA + PB = PC (d) PA + PB = 2PC
OA = 3i$ − k$ ....(iii)
uuur AIEEE-2005
( ) ( ) (
OG = 2i$ − 0i$ + 4$j − 0$j + 2k$ − 0k$
uuur
) Ans. (d) : Applying triangle law of addition of vectors
in triangles PAC and PBC,
OG = 2i$ + 4$j + 2k$ ....(iv) We have,
uuur uuur uuur uuur uuur uuur
Now, from equation (ii), we get – PA + AC = PC and PB + BC = PC
uuur uuur uuur uuur
OA ⋅ OG = OA ⋅ OG cos θ
( 3i$ − k$ ) ⋅ ( 2i$ + 4$j + 2k$ ) = 32 + ( −1) ⋅ 22 + 42 + 22 cos θ

2
(6 + 0 − 2) = 10 ⋅ 24 cos θ uuur uuur uuur uuur uuur uuur

4 = 2 ⋅ 5 ⋅ 2 3 ⋅ 2 cos θ PA + AC + PB + BC = PC + PC
uuur uuur uuur uuur uuur
4 = 2 ⋅ 2 15 ⋅ 2 cos θ ( )
PA + PB + AC + BC = 2PC
4 = 4 15 cos θ
1
( )
PA + PB + AC − AC = 2PC
uuur uuur uuur
cos θ = PA + PB = 2PC
15
34. For p > 0, a vector v 2 = 2iˆ + (p + 1)jˆ is obtained 36.
A vector a has components 3p and 1 with
respect to rectangular Cartesian system. This
by rotating the vector v = 3piˆ + ˆj by an angle
1 system is rotated through a certain angle about
θ about origin in counter clockwise direction. If the origin in the counter clockwise sense. If,
tanθ =
α 3−2 ( )
, then the value of α is equal
with respect to new system, a has components p
+ 1 and 10 , then a value of p is equal to
4 3+3 ( ) (a) 1 (b) −
5
to 4
JEE Main 20.07.2021, Shift-II 4
Ans. (6) : Here, v2 obtained by rotating v1 (c) (d) –1
2 2 5
∴ v1 = v 2 JEE Main 18.03.2021, Shift-I
3p2 + 1 = 4 + (p + 1)2 Ans. (d) : Vector in initial position having component
3p2 + 1 = 4 + p2 + 1 + 2p 3p and 1
2p2 – 2p – 4 = 0 r
p2 – p – 2 = 0 a initial = ( 3p ) $i + $j

After rotating vector become having component p + 1 Ans. (a) : Let, the given points are
and 10
r ( ) (
A 3i$ − 2$j − k$ , B 2i$ + 3j$ − 4k$ )
( )
a initial = ( p + 1) $i + 10 $j
Equating magnitude C ( −$i + $j + 2k$ ) and D ( 4i$ + 5j$ + λ k$ )
r r
∴ a initial = a final AB = − $i + 5j$ − 3k$
( 10 ) BC = − 3i$ − 2j$ + 6k$

2
(3p)2 + 1 = (p + 1)2 +
9p2 + 1 = p2 + 1 + 2 p + 10 CD = 5i$ + 4$j + ( λ − 2 ) k$
8p2 – 2p – 10 = 0 Since, these points are coplanar
4p2 – p – 5 = 0
4p2 – 5 p + 4p – 5 = 0 −1 5 −3
p (4p – 5) + 1 (4p – 5) = 0 − 3 −2 6 =0
(4p – 5)(p + 1) = 0
5 4 λ−2
5
p = , −1 –1 (–2λ + 4 – 24) – 5[–3 (λ – 2) – 30]–3 (–12 + 10) = 0
4 2λ + 20 + 15 (λ – 2) + 150 + 36 – 30 = 0
Hence, the value of p = –1.
17λ + 20 – 30 + 150 + 6 = 0
37. If α, β , γ are distinct real numbers are α + β + γ 17λ + 146 = 0
≠ 0, then the points with position vectors
−146
αiˆ + βjˆ + γk,βi
ˆ ˆ + γjˆ + αkˆ and γiˆ + αjˆ + βkˆ are λ=
17
(a) Collinear
(b) Vertices of a scalene triangle 39. If the position vectors of the points A, B, C, D
(c) Vertices of isosceles triangle are 7iˆ – 4jˆ + 7k,ˆ î – 6jˆ + 10k,
ˆ
(d) Vertices of an equilateral triangle –iˆ – 3jˆ + 4k,
ˆ 5iˆ – ˆj + 5kˆ respectively, then ABCD
AP EAMCET-23.04.2019, Shift-I
Ans. (d) : is
(a) parallelogram but not rhombus
A = α$i + β$j + γ k$ (b) a square
B =β$i + γ $j + α k$ (c) a quadrilateral which is not a parallelogram
(d) a rectangle
C = γ$i + α$j + βk$ AP EAMCET-05.07.2022, Shift-II
Therefore, Ans. (c) :
uuur
AB = ( β − α ) $i + ( γ − β ) $j + ( α − γ ) k$ ....(i) AB = position vector of B - position vector of A
uuur = − 6i$ − 2$j + 3k$
BC = ( γ − β ) $i + ( α − γ ) $j + ( β − α ) k$ ....(ii)
uuur
( −6 ) + ( 2 ) + 32 = 49 = 7
2 2
CA = ( α − γ ) $i + ( β − α ) $j + ( γ − β ) k$ ....(iii) AB =
We know that, BC = position vector of C - position vector of B
The longitude of vector
r = −2i$ + 3j$ − 6k$
a = xi$ + y$j + zk$ BC = 4 + 9 + 36 = 7
r
a = x 2 + y2 + k 2 CD = 6i$ + 2$j + k$
uuur
AB = ( β − a ) + ( γ − β ) + ( α − γ ) CD = 36 + 4 + 1 = 41
2 2 2
uuur DA = 2i$ − 3j$ + 2k$

BC = ( β − α ) + ( γ − β ) + ( α − γ )
2 2 2
uuur DA = 4 + 9 + 4 = 17
CA = ( β − α ) + ( γ − β ) + ( α − γ )
2 2 2
AC = − 8i$ + $j − 3k$ = AB + BC
All the sides are equal in longitude
Hence, it forms an equilateral triangle Hence, ABCD is quadrilateral which is not a
parallelogram.
38. If the points having the position vectors
3iˆ − 2ˆj − k,
ˆ 2i ˆ −î + ˆj + 2kˆ and 4iˆ + 5jˆ + λkˆ 40. The distance of a point (2, 5, – 3) from the
ˆ + 3jˆ − 4k,
plane 6x – 3y + 2z – 4 = 0 is _______
are coplanar, then λ=
13 5
146 (a) (b)
(a) − (b) 8 7 7
17
146 5 13
(c) −8 (d) (c) (d)
17 7 7
AP EAMCET-2017 GUJCET-2021
Ans. (d) : Given, point (2, 5, –3) Ans. (c):
Plane 6x – 3y + 2z – 4 = 0 r ⋅ (2iˆ − ˆj + 3k)
ˆ =4 …(i)
We know that-
| ax1 + by1 + cz1 + d | r ⋅ (6iˆ − 3jˆ + 9k)
ˆ + 13 = 0
D=
a 2 + b2 + c2 ˆ = −13
r ⋅ (2iˆ − ˆj + 3k) … (ii)
Here, a = 6, b = – 3, c = 2, d = – 4 3
(2, 5, –3) ⇒ (x1, y1, z1) Clearly both planes are parallel.
Hence, distance between them is –
|12 − 15 + 2 × (−3) − 4 |
D= 13
36 + 9 + 4 4+
|12 − 15 − 6 − 4 | |12 − 25 | 13 = 3 = 12 + 13
D= = = 4 + 1 + 9 3 14
49 7 7
25
41. The position vector of point A is (4, 2, –3). If p1 So, Distance =
is perpendicular distance of A from XY-plane 3 14
and p2 is perpendicular distance from Y-axis, 44. If 2iˆ – ˆj + k, ˆ î – 3jˆ – 5kˆ are the position vectors of
then p1 + p2 =_____.
the points A and B respectively, C divides AB
(a) 8 (b) 3
in the ratio 2 : 3 and M is the mid-point of AB,
(c) 2 (d) 7 then 5 (position vector of C) – 2 (position vector
GUJCET-2017 of M) =
Ans. (a) : Given, the position vector of point A is
(4, 2,–3) (a) 5iˆ − 5jˆ − 3kˆ (b) 11iˆ − 13jˆ − 11kˆ
(c) 5iˆ + 5jˆ − 3kˆ (d) 11iˆ + 13jˆ − 11kˆ
(
Then A(4, 2, –3) = A 4iɵ+ 2j )
ɵ− 3kɵ
TS EAMCET-19.07.2022, Shift-II
Since, p1 is the perpendicular distance of A from xy – r
plane. Ans. (a) : Let, c be the position vector C
So, x = 0 & y = 0, p1 = |z| Since, C divides AB in the ratio 2 : 3
∴ p = 0iɵ+ 0ɵj − 3k
1
ɵ ⇒ p = −3k
1
ɵ
( ) (
r 2 $i − 3j$ − 5k$ + 3 2i$ − $j + k$
c=
)
p1 = (−3) = 3
2 2+3
2i$ − 6$j − 10k$ + 6i$ − 3j$ + 3k$
And, p2 is perpendicular distance from y –axis. =
So, y = 0, p2 = |x + z| 5
ɵ ɵ ɵ 2 r 8i$ − 9$j − 7k$
∴p2 = 4i + 0 j − 3k = 4 + (−3) = 25 = 5
2
c=
5
Then, p1 + p2 = 3 + 5 = 8 $ $ $ $ $ $
42. What is the perpendicular distance between 2x M is midpoint of AB, = 2i − j + k + i − 3j − 5k
z 2
+ 2y – z + 1 = 0 and x + y – + 2 = 0 ? $ $ $
2 3i − 4 j − 4k
=
(a) 5 (b) 2 r uur 2
(c) 2 (d) 1 Now, 5c − 2m
GUJCET-2007
8i$ − 9$j − 7k$ 3i$ − 4$j − 4k$
Ans. (d) : 2x + 2y – z + 1 = 0 …. (1) =5× −2×
2x + 2y – z + 4 = 0 5 2
d1 − d 2 = 8i − 9 j − 7k − 3i + 4 j + 4k = 5i$ − 5$j − 3k$
$ $ $ $ $ $
Distance =
a 2 + b2 + c2 45. If 3iˆ − 5jˆ + 2k, ˆ 7iˆ + 2jˆ – 4k,ˆ î − 3jˆ + 4kˆ and
1− 4 −3 −3 3 −7iˆ − 17jˆ + 16kˆ are position vectors of the

= = = = points A, B, C and D respectively, then the
(2) 2 + (2) 2 + (−1) 2 4 + 4 +1 9 3
angle between AB and CD is
=1 π
43. Find the distance between the planes (a) 0 (b)
4
r(2iˆ − ˆj + 3k)
ˆ = 4 and r(6iˆ − 3jˆ + 9k)ˆ + 13 = 0 π
(c) (d) π
5 10 2
(a) (b)
( )
3 14 ( ) 3 14
Ans. (d) :
(c)
25
(d) None of these ( ) (
AB = 7i$ + 2$j − 4k$ − 3i$ − 5j$ + 2k$ )
( )
3 14
GUJCET-2011 (
= 4i$ + 7$j − 6k$ )
( ) (
CD = −7i$ − 17$j + 16k$ − $i − 3j$ + 4k$ ) =
a 2 + b 2 + c 2 − ab − bc − ca
2 ( a 2 + b 2 + c 2 − ab − bc − ca )
= −8i$ − 14$j + 12k$
1
AB⋅CD = –32 – 98 – 72 = –202 cos θ =
2
AB = 4 2 + 7 2 + 6 2 = 101 π
∴ θ=
CD = 8 + (14 ) + (12 ) = 404
2 2
2 3
π
Let, θ be the required angle, So, ∠ QPR =
AB ⋅ CD −202 −202 3
∴ cos θ= = = r r r
47. a, b, c are non-coplanar vectors. If the position
AB CD 101 404 2 × 101
vector of the point of intersection of the line
cosθ = – 1 r r r r r
θ=π r = a + 2b + p ( a − 2c ) and the plane
r r
Hence, the angle between AB and CD is π
46. If a, b, c are distinct real numbers and P, Q, R
r r
( r
) ( r
r = 3a − q c − b + K a − b + c is
r
)
r r r r
are three points whose position vectors are r = xa + yb + zc, then x y z =
respectively aiˆ + bjˆ + ck,bi
ˆ ˆ + cjˆ + akˆ and (a) –8 (b) 8 (c) 12 (d) –12
ciˆ + ajˆ + bkˆ , then ∠QPR = r r r r r
Ans. (a): Given, r = a + 2b + p ( a − 2c )
π
(a) cos–1(a + b + c) r r r r r
(b)
2
r r
( )
r = 3a − q c − b + K a − b + c ( )
r r r r r
(c)
π
3
(d) cos –1 
 a 2 + b 2 + c2 
abc

r r r
( ) r
()
a + 2b + p ( a − 2c ) = 3a − q c − b + K ( a ) − K b + K ( c )
r
  (2 + K – p) a + (q – K – 2) b + (K –q + 2p) c = 0
TS EAMCET-05.05.2018, Shift-I Given, a, b, c are non-coplanar
Ans. (c) : Given, ⇒ 2+K–p=0 ⇒p=2+K
r
Position vector of P = ai$ + b$j + ck$ q–K–2=0 ⇒q=K+2
r K – q + 2p = 0
Position vector of Q = bi$ + c$j + ak$ K = –1 p=1 q=1
r r
Position vector of R = ci + a j + bk $ $ $ ∴ r = 2a + 2b − 2c
r r r r
Now, Given, r = xa + yb + zc
uuur r r
PQ = PV of Q – PV of P x= 2, y = 2 and z = –2
So, xyz = – 8
( )( )
= bi$ + c$j + ak$ − ai$ + b$j + ck$ r r r
48. If a,b,c are the position vectors of the points
A, B, C respectively, then match the items of
list-I with those of list-II.
List-I List-II
= ( b − a ) $i + ( c − b ) $j + ( a − c ) k$ A. ar = 2iˆ + 3jˆ + 4k, ˆ I. A, B, C are
uuur r collinear
Similarly, PR = ( c − a ) $i + ( a − b ) $j + ( b − c ) k$ b = 3iˆ + 4jˆ + 2k, ˆ
uuur uuur
{
Now, PQ . PR = ( b − a ) $i + ( c − b ) $j + ( a − c ) k$ . } r
c = 4iˆ + 2jˆ + 3k, ˆ
B. ar = î + 2jˆ + 3k, II. ∆ABC
{ }
( c − a ) $i + ( a − b ) $j + ( b − c ) k$ r
ˆ is
isosceles triangle
an
b = 3iˆ + 4jˆ + 7k, ˆ
= ( b − a )( c − a ) + ( c − b )( a − b ) + ( a − c )( b − c ) r
c = –3iˆ – 2jˆ – 5k, ˆ
= a 2 + b 2 + c 2 − ab − bc − ca C. ar = 2iˆ – ˆj + k, III. ∆ABC is a right-
ˆ
uuur
PQ = ( b − a ) + ( c − b ) + ( c − b ) r angled triangle
2 2 2
b = î – 3jˆ – 5k, ˆ
uuur r
PQ = ( c − a ) + ( a − b ) + ( b − c ) c = -3iˆ – 4jˆ – 4k, ˆ
2 2 2
Now, D. ar = î + ˆj + k,ˆ IV. ∆ABC is a right-

uuur uuur r angled isosceles
PQ ⋅ PR b = î + 2jˆ + 3k, ˆ
triangle
cos θ = uuur uuur r
PQ − PR c = 2iˆ – ˆj + k,
ˆ
a 2 + b 2 + c 2 − ab − bc − ca V. ∆ABC is an
= 2 equilateral
2a + 2b + 2c − 2ab − 2bc − 2ca
2 2
triangle
The correct match is Ans. (c) : Given,
A B C D A B C D l ( 3a + 2b + c ) + m ( 2a + 2b + 3c ) + n ( a + 2b + 5c ) = 0
(a) I IV III II (b) I II III IV
(c) V I IV II (d) V I III II Where l, m, n are scalar
TS EAMCET-11.09.2020, Shift-I Therefore,
Ans. (d) : Given position vectors are- a ( 3l + 2m + n ) + 2b ( l + m + n ) + c ( l + 3m + 5n ) = 0
uuur
OA = a = 2iˆ + 3jˆ + 4kˆ a, b, c are independent vector
uuur
OB = b = 3iˆ + 4ˆj + 2kˆ ∴ 3l + 2m + n = 0 ...(i)
uuur l +m+n =0 ...(ii)
OC = c = 4iˆ + 2jˆ + 3kˆ
uuur l + 3m + 5n = 0 ...(iii)
∴ AB = 12 + 12 + 22 = 6 From equation (ii) and (iii), –2m –4n = 0
uuur m + 2n = 0
BC = 12 + 22 + 12 = 6 On putting the value of m in equation (i), we get
uuur 3l + 2 ( −2n ) + n = 0 ⇒ 3l = 3n = 0 ⇒ l = n
And, CA = 22 + 12 + 12 = 6
l = n, m + 2n = 0
∴ ∆ABC is an equilateral triangle. B, Given position Hence,
vectors are 50. Let L be a line passing through a point A and
uuur
OA = a = î + 2ˆj + 3kˆ parallel to the vector 2iˆ + ˆj – 2k.
ˆ Let
uuur
OB = b = 3iˆ + 4ˆj + 7kˆ –7iˆ – 5jˆ + 11kˆ be the position vector of a point P
uuur
OC = c = 3iˆ − 2jˆ − 5kˆ on L such that AP = 12. Then, the position
uuur
AB = 4 + 4 + 16 = 24 = 2 6 vector of A can be
uuur (a) i + ˆj + 3kˆ
ˆ (b) 15iˆ + 9ˆj – 19kˆ
BC = 36 + 36 + 144 = 216 = 6 6
uuur (c) −î − ˆj + 3kˆ (d) −15iˆ − 9ˆj + 19kˆ
And, CA = 16 + 16 + 64 = 96 = 4 6 TS EAMCET-19.07.2022, Shift-I
uuur uuur uuur Ans. (d) : As vector AP is parallel to the vector
Q AB + CA = BC ⇒ A, B, C are collinear points.
C. given position vectors
uuur are (
2iˆ + ˆj − 2kˆ )
OA = a = 2iˆ − ˆj + kˆ Then,
( )
uuur
ˆ ˆ
OB = b = i − 3j − 5k ˆ uuur 2iˆ + ˆj − 2kˆ 12 2i$ + ˆj − 2kˆ
uuur AP = AP =
And, OC = c = −3iˆ − 4jˆ − 4kˆ ( 2 ) + (1) + ( −2 )
2 2 2 3
uuur
∴ AB = 1 + 4 + 36 = 41 = 8i$ + 4ˆj − 8kˆ
uuur uuur
BC = 16 + 1 + 1 = 18 Given, OP = −7iˆ − 5jˆ + 11kˆ
uuur uuur uuur uuur
And, CA = 25 + 9 + 25 = 59 ∴ AP = OP − OA
uuur uuur uuur
uuur 2 uuur 2 uuur 2 Or, OA = OP − OA
Q CA = AB + BC = ∆ABC is right angled triangle.
uuur
D. Given position sectors, OA = a = î + ˆj + kˆ
( ) (
= −7iˆ − 5jˆ + 11kˆ − 8iˆ + 4jˆ − 8kˆ )
uuur uuur = −15iˆ − 9ˆj + 19kˆ
OB = b = î + 2jˆ + 3kˆ and OC = c = 2iˆ − ˆj + kˆ
uuur uuur 51. Let the vectors AB = 2iˆ + 2jˆ + kˆ
∴ AB = 0 + 1 + 4 = 5, BC = 1 + 9 + 4 = 14
uuur and AC = 2iˆ + 4jˆ + 4kˆ be two sides of a ∆ABC.
And, AC = 1 + 4 + 0 = 5
If G is the centroid of ∆ABC, then
Q AB = BC and AB + AC > BC 27 2
AG + 5 =
7
So, ∆ABC is isosceles triangle. (a) 25 (b) 38
r
r r
49. If a,b,c are three independent vectors and (c) 47 (d) 52
there exists a non zero scalar traid (l, m, n) TS EAMCET-19.07.2022, Shift-I
such that l (3a + 2b + c) + m(2a + 2b + 3c) + n(a Ans. (b) : Let, vertex A of ∆ABC lies at origin.
+ 2b + 5c) = 0, then The,
(a) l = m = n (b) l = n ur uuur
Position vector of B = AB = 2i$ + 2$j + k$
(c) l = n,m + 2n = 0 (d) m + 2n = 0, l + n = 0 ur uuur
TS EAMCET 14.09.2020, Shift-II And , Position vector of C = AC = 2i$ + 4$j + 4k$
53. A vector a has components 2p and 1 with
respect to a two dimensional rectangular
cartesian system. This system is rotated
through a certain angle about the origin in the
counter-clockwise direction. If a has
components p + 1 and 1 with respect to the new
system, then
–1 1
(a) p = 1 or p = (b) p = −1 or p =
3 3
1
(c) p = 1 or p = –1 (d) p = 0 or p =
uuur  2 + 2 2 + 4 1+ 4   5 2
∴ Mid point BC = D =  , ,  ≡  2,3,  TS EAMCET-14.09.2020, Shift-I
 2 2 2   2
Ans. (a) : Let, point A(2p, 1)
Centroid of ∆ABC is the intersection points of all the A is rotated about origin in the counter-clock wise
median of ∆ABC and is intersect from the vertex in the direction then new coordinate is (p + 1, 1)
ratio 2 : 1.
Since, 2p = ( p + 1) cos θ − sin θ ...(i)
∴ Co-ordinates of G w.r.t, vertex A (0, 0, 0) is-
And, 1= (p + 1) sinθ + cosθ ...(ii)
 mx 2 my 2 mz 2   4 5 
= , , =  , 2,  On squaring and adding equation (i) and (ii), we get–
 3 3 3   3 3 
4p 2 + 1 = ( p + 1) + 1 ⇒ 4p 2 = p 2 + 2p + 1
2
Now,
−1
⇒ 3p 2 − 2p − 1 = 0 ⇒ ( p − 1)( 3p + 1) = 0 ⇒ p = 1,
2 2
4  5 
| AG |2 =  − 0  + ( 2 − 0 ) +  − 0 
2
3
3  3 
16 + 36 + 25 77 ( ˆ ˆ ˆ ) (
54. Let A 3i + j – k and B 13i – 4j + 9k be two ˆ ˆ ˆ )
= = points on a line L. C and D be the points on L
9 9 on either side of A at distance of 9 and 6 units
27 2 27 77 respectively and C lies between A and B. Then
∴ AG + 5 = × + 5 = 33 + 5 = 38 position vectors of C and D are respectively
7 7 9
52. L1 is a line passing through the points with (a) −3iˆ + 4ˆj − 7k, ˆ 7iˆ − ˆj + 3kˆ
position vectors î – 2jˆ – kˆ and 4iˆ – 3k. ˆ L2 is a (b) 9iˆ − 2jˆ + 5k, ˆ 7iˆ − ˆj + 3kˆ
line passing through the points with position (c) −3iˆ + 4ˆj − 7k, ˆ − î + 3jˆ − 5kˆ
vectors î + 2jˆ – kˆ and 2iˆ – 4jˆ – 5k. ˆ Then the
(d) 9iˆ − 2ˆj + 5k, ˆ − î + 3jˆ − 5kˆ
distance between L1 and L2 is
3
TS EAMCET-14.09.2020, Shift-I
(a) 0 (b)
4 ( ) (
Ans. (d) : Given, A 3iˆ − ˆj − kˆ and B 13iˆ − 4ˆj + 9kˆ )
4 2
(c) (d) AB = 102 + 52 + 102 = 15
3 3
Ans. (c) : Equation of line L1 is
( ) (
r = î − 2ˆj − kˆ + λ 3iˆ + 2ˆj − 2kˆ ) AC = 9, DA = 6
Equation of line L2 is
Q C=
( ) (
9 13iˆ − 4ˆj + 9kˆ + 6 3iˆ + ˆj − kˆ )
( ) ( )
r = î + 2ˆj − kˆ + µ î − 6ˆj − 4kˆ 9+6
ˆ − 30jˆ + 75kˆ
Distance between L1 and L2 135i
C= = 9iˆ − 2jˆ + 5kˆ
D=
( ) (
ˆ  ˆ ˆ) ( ˆ ˆ
4 j . 3i + 2 j − 2k × i − 6 j − 4k
 )
ˆ ˆ 

15
Let position vector of D is xiˆ + yjˆ + zkˆ
( ˆ ˆ ) ( )
ˆ ˆ ˆ
3i + 2 j − 2k × i − j − 4k ˆ
ˆ + ˆj − kˆ = ( ) (
6 × 9iˆ − 2ˆj + 5kˆ + 9 xiˆ + yjˆ + zkˆ)
∴ 3i
î ˆj kˆ 6+9
( ) ( )
3iˆ + 2ˆj − 2kˆ × î − 6ˆj − 4kˆ = 3 2 −2
⇒ 3iˆ + ˆj − kˆ =
( ) (
2 9i − 2 j + 5kˆ + 3 xiˆ + yjˆ + zkˆ
ˆ ˆ )
1 −6 −4 5
⇒ 15iˆ + 5jˆ − 5kˆ = (18 + 3x ) î + ( −4 + 3y ) ˆj + (10 + 3z ) kˆ
(
= − 20iˆ − 10ˆj + 20kˆ) ∴ 15 = 18 + 3x ⇒ x = −1
D=
( )
4ˆj. −20iˆ + 10ˆj − 20kˆ
=
4
And, − 5
5 = −4 + 3y ⇒ y = 3
= 10 + 3z ⇒ z = −5
( 20 ) + (10 ) + ( 20 ) 3
2 2 2
∴ Position vector of D is −î + 3jˆ − 5kˆ

55. If the orthocentre of the triangle whose vertices a+b a + b + 2c
CP = − c=
are 2iˆ + 3jˆ + 5k,
ˆ 5iˆ + 2jˆ + 3kˆ and 3iˆ + 5jˆ + 2kˆ is 2 2
xiˆ + yjˆ + zk,
ˆ then b+c a +b c−a
PQ = − =
(a) x = 2y = z (b) x = y = 2z 2 2 2
c+a c − a − 2b
(c) x = y = −z (d) x = y = z BR = −b =
TS EAMCET-10.09.2020, Shift-II 2 2
c+a c−a
Ans. (d) : The vertices of triangle are AR = −a =
2 2
2iˆ + 3jˆ + 5k,
ˆ 5i+2j+3k,
ˆ ˆ ˆ 3i+5j+2kˆ ˆ ˆ
∴ PC – BQ = PQ = AR
(
A 2iˆ + 3jˆ + 5kˆ ) 57. The position vector of a point P is
2iˆ + ˆj + 3kˆ and a = –iˆ – 2k, ˆ b = î + ˆj + 2kˆ are two
vectors which determine a plane π. The
equation of a line through P normal to b and
lying on the plane π is
(
(a) r = 2iˆ + ˆj + 3kˆ + λ −î + 5jˆ − 2kˆ )
( )
B 5iˆ + 2ˆj + 3kˆ ( )
C 3iˆ + 5jˆ + 2kˆ
uuur
AB = 3i$ − $j − 2k$
( )
(b) r = 2iˆ + ˆj + 3kˆ + λ î + ˆj + kˆ
uuur
BC = − 2i$ + 3j$ − k$ (
(c) r = 2iˆ + ˆj + 3kˆ + λ −2iˆ − ˆj + 3kˆ )
uuur
AC = $i + 2$j − 3k$ (
(d) r = 2iˆ + ˆj + 3kˆ + λ −3iˆ + 4ˆj − 5kˆ )
uuur TS EAMCET-10.09.2020, Shift-I
AB = 9 + 1 + 4 = 14
uuur Ans. (a) : Given,
BC = 4 + 9 + 1 = 14
uuur
(
Position vector of a point P is 2iˆ + ˆj + 3kˆ )
AC = 1 + 4 + 9 = 14 Equation of plane,
∴ ∆ABC is an equilateral triangle ( )
r − 2iˆ + ˆj + 3kˆ . ( a×b ) = 0
∴ Orthocentre of triangle is coincide with centroid ∴ Normal of plane = a × b
∴ Orthocentre of ∆ABC is
 2iˆ + 3jˆ + 5kˆ + 5iˆ + 2ˆj + 3kˆ + 3iˆ + 5jˆ + 2kˆ 
( )
Equation of line through P 2iˆ + ˆj + 3kˆ and normal to b
  and lying on the plane is

ˆ ˆ
3
ˆ
 ( )
r = 2iˆ + ˆj + 3kˆ + λ {a × ( b × c )}
15i + 15j + 15k
= = 5iˆ + 5jˆ + 5kˆ r = 2iˆ + ˆj + 3kˆ + λ {( b.a ) b − ( b.b ) a}
3
So, x = y=z=5
 ( ) (
r = 2iˆ + ˆj + 3kˆ + λ ( −5 ) î + ˆj + 2kˆ − 6 −î − 2kˆ  )
56. If P, Q, R are the mid-point of the sides AB, BC ˆ
and CA of ∆ABC respectively, then PC – BQ = r = 2i + j + 3k + λ −i + 5j − 2k
ˆ ˆ ( ˆ ˆ )
ˆ
(a) CP (b) PQ 58. The projection of a line segment OP through

(c) BR (d) AR origin O, on the coordinate axes are 8, 5, 6 .
TS EAMCET-07.05.2018, Shift-I Then the length of the line segment OP is equal
Ans. (b, d) : Let position vectors of vertices A,B,C are to
a, b, c respectively (a) 5 (b) 5 5
Since, P, Q, R are mid points (c) 10 5 (d) None of these
of AB, BC, CA J&K CET-2011
∴ Position vector of P, Q, R are Ans. (b) : OP through origin O, on the coordinate axes
 a + b  b + c  c + a  are 8, 5, 6
    AB cosα = 8, AB cosβ = 45, AB cosγ = 6
 2  2  2 
AB2  cos 2 α + cos 2 β + cos 2 γ  = ( 8 ) + ( 5 ) + ( 6 )
2 2 2
Respectively
Now,
= 64 + 25 + 36 = 125
  a + b    b + c   uuur
PC − BQ =  c −    −   − b AB = 125 ,
  2    2   uuur
AB = 5 5
2c − a − b b + c − 2b 2c − a − b − b − c + 2b c − a
= − = = Where, α, β and γ are the angle
2 2 2 2
Now,
59. The ratio in which ZX-plane divides the line 7 5 5 7
segment AB joining the points A (4, 2, 3) and B (a) (b)
(–2, 4, 5) is equal to 9 9
(a) 1 : 2 internally (b) 1 : 2 externally 3 5 9 5
(c) –2 : 1 (d) None of these (c) (d)
J&K CET-2011 5 7
Ans. (b) : Let, λ : 1 be the ratio in which ZX plane 9 7
(e)
divides the line segment AB. 5
Applying section formula - Kerala CEE-2015
 2λ + 4 4λ + 2 5λ + 3  Ans. (d) : Let the equation of line be
= , ,  r = a + λb
 λ +1 λ +1 λ +1 
For ZX-plane, y = 0 Q Line passes through A,
4λ + 2 1 ∴ a = 4i$ + 2j$ + 2k$
=0, λ =−
λ +1 2 And, line is parallel to the vector 2i$ + 3j$ + 6k$ .
λ : 1 = –1 : 2
So, ZX-plane i.e. point P divides the line segment AB in Then, b = 2i$ + 3j$ + 6k$
the ratio 1 : 2 externally. Hence, equation of the line is
r r r r
60. If a, b, c are the three unit vectors such that
r r r r r
(
r = 4i$ + 2$j + 2k$ + λ 2i$ + 3j$ + 6k$ )
a + b + c =1 and b is perpendicular to c , if Distance of point B from the line
r
r r
a makes angles α, β with b and c respectively, (a − a ) × b
= 2 1
then cosα + cosβ has the value b
(a) –2 (b) 4 (c) 2 (d) –1 uuur uuur
MHT CET-2022 Given, OB = a1 = î + 2ˆj + 2kˆ , OA = a 2 = 4iˆ + 2jˆ + 2kˆ
Ans. (d) : We know that, Then, a2 – a1 = 3i$ + 0$j + 0k$
r r r2 r2 r2 r2
a+b+c = a + b + c $i $j k$
rr rr rr r
r
+ 2a b + 2bc + 2bc
r
....(i) ∴ ( a 2 − a1 ) × b = 3 0 0 = − 18j$ + 9k$
Q ar isr perpendicular to b 2 3 6
⇒ a⋅b = 0 r
( a1 − a 2 ) × b = ( −18) + 92 = 405 = 9 5
2
According to the question ∴
r r r r
a = b = c =1 b = 4 + 9 + 36 = 7
We can write equation (i) 9 5
1 = 3 + 0 + 2 . cosβ + 2 cosα So, the required distance is
∴ 2(cosα + cosβ) = – 1 7
61. The position vector of a point that divides the 63. The point P (x, y, z) lines in the first octant and
line segment joining P ≡ (1, 2, –1) and Q ≡ (–1, its distance from the origin is 12 units. If the
1, 1) externally in the ratio 1 : 2 : 3, is position vector of P make 45° and 60° with the
x-axis and y axis respectively, then the
(a) 3i$ − 3k$ (b) −3i$ + 3k$ coordinates of P are
(c) 3i$ + 3j$ − 3k$ (d) 3i$ + $j + 3k$ (a) 3 3 , 6, 3 2 ( )
(b) 4 3 , 8, 4 2 ( )
MHT CET-2022
Ans. (c) : Given the points P(1, 2, –1) and Q(–1, 1, 1). (c) (6 2 , 6, 6 ) (d) ( 6, 6, 6 2 )
Let the position vector of a point that divides apply section
formula for external division in the ratio 1 : 2 : 3 (e) (4 2 , 8, 4 3 )
1× ( −1) − 2 × 1 Kerala CEE-2013
x= =3 Ans. (c) : Given,
1− 2
1×1 − 2 × 2 OP = 12 units
y= =3 α = 45o
1− 2 β = 60o
1× 1 − 2 × 2 From figure,
z= = −3
1− 2
So, the position vector of point p is 3i$ + 3j$ − 3k$
uuur uuur
62. Let OB = $i + 2j$ + 2k$ and OA = 4i$ + 2j$ + 2k$ .
The distance of the point B from the straight
line passing through A and parallel to the Let, direction cosines of line OP is <l , m, n>
vector 2i$ + 3j$ + 6k$ is. Therefore, l2 + m2 + n2 = 1

cos2α + cos2 β + cos2 γ = 1 Ans. (d) : The positive vectors of the
cos245o + cos260o + cos2 γ = 1 r rpointr of
a + b + c
2 2 intersection of the medians of a triangle is
 1  1 3
  2  + cos γ =1
+ 2
 Let, the point P(x, y, z) is the point of intersection
 2   
1 1 1+1+ 4
+ + cos 2 γ =1 ∴ x= =2
2 4 3
2 + 0 +1
1 − cos 2 γ = +
1 1 y= =1
2 4 3
3+3−3
sin2 γ =
3 z= =1
4 3
3 Therefore, position vector = 2i$ + $j + k$
sin γ = 66. The vertices of triangle ABC are A (0, 3, 0),
2
sin γ = sin60o B(0, 0, 4), C (0, 3, 4). Then position vector of
γ = 60o the point in which the bisector of angle A meets
So, the coordinate of P = (l.OP, m.OP, n.OP) BC is
= (OP cosα, OP cosβ, OP cosγ) 5jˆ +12kˆ 5iˆ –12jˆ
(a) (b)
 1 1 1 3 3
= 12 ⋅ ,12 ⋅ ,12 ⋅  ˆ ˆ
 2 2 2  (c) 5iˆ +12jˆ (d)
5i +12j
(= 6 2,6,6 ) 13
MHT CET-2021
64. The triangle formed by the three points whose Ans. (a) : Given, the vertices of triangle ABC as
position vectors are 2 î + 4 ĵ – k̂ , 4 î + 5 ĵ + k̂ A 3j$ , B 4k$ and cr 3j$ + 4k$ . Suppose the bisector of
and 3 î + 6 ĵ – 3 k̂ , is
( ) ( ) ( )
angle A meets BC at D. Then AP divides BC in the
(a) an equilateral triangle ratio AB : AC, so, P.V of D.
uuur uuur
( ) ( )
(b) a right angled triangle but not isosceles
(c) an isosceles triangle but not right angled triangle AB 3j$ + 4k$ + AC 4k$
(d) a right angles isosceles triangle = uuur uuur
(e) a scalene triangle AB + AC
Kerala CEE-2013 Now, uuur
Ans. (d) : Given, the option vectors of above point A, B AB = 3j$ + 4k$
and C of triangle as uuur
AC = 4k$
( $ $
) (
$ $
A = 2i + 4j − k , B = 4i + 5k + k and $
) $
∴
uuur
AB = 5
uuur
(
C = 3i$ + 6$j − 3k$ ) uuur
AC = 4
∴ AB = 2i$ + $j + 2k$
uuur
BC = −$i + $j − 4k$ ∴ P.V. of D =
( ) ( )
5 3j$ + 4k$ + 4 4k$
uuur 5+ 4
CA = −$i − 2$j + 2k$
uuur 15j + 20k + 16k 15j$ + 36k$ 5j$ + 12k$
$ $ $
∴ AB = 4 + 1 + 4 = 9 = 3 = = =
9 9 3
uuur 67. In the point P(x, 1, 4) lies on the line
BC = 1 + 1 + 16 = 18 = 3 2 r ˆ ˆ
r = i + 3j + 4k ˆ + λ(2iˆ – ˆj), then the value of x is
uuur
CA = 1 + 4 + 4 = 9 = 3 equal to
uuur uuur (a) 2 (b) –2
Now, we see that AB = CA = 3 (c) 3 (d) –3
uuur 2 uuur 2 uuur (e) 5
And, BC = AB + CA = 3 Kerala CEE-2021
r
Or,
∴
18 = 9 + 9
It is a right angles isosceles triangle.
Ans. (e) : Given, the line r = i + 3j + 4k + λ 2i$ − $j
$ $ $
( )
65. The position vector of the point of intersection = $i (1 + 2λ ) + $j ( 3 − λ ) + 4k$
of the medians of a triangle, whose vertices are Given the point P(x, 1, 4) lies on the line.
A (1, 2, 3) , B (1, 0, 3) and C (4, 1, –3) is ∴ x = 1 + 2λ …..(i)
(a) 6iˆ + 3jˆ + 3kˆ (b) 3iˆ + ˆj + kˆ And, 1 = 3 – λ .....(ii)
From equation (ii), λ = 2
(c) î + ˆj + kˆ (d) 2iˆ + ˆj + kˆ On putting λ = 2 in equation (i), we get–
MHT CET-2021 ∴ x=5

B. Addition and Projection of Vectors are coplanar.
a a c
Vectors (Coplaner, Collinear) ∴ 1 0 1 =0
68. If the vectors î + ˆj + k, ˆ î – ˆj + kˆ and 2iˆ + 3jˆ + mkˆ c c b
are coplanar, then m = ∴a ( 0 − c ) − a ( b − c ) + c ( c − 0) = 0 ⇒ −ac − ab + ac + c2 = 0
(a) −3 (b) 3 Q c2 = ab
(c) 2 (d) −2 Therefore, a, c, b are in G.P.
MHT CET-2020
Ans. (c) : Given, 71. If the vectors ( 2iˆ - qjˆ + 3kˆ ) and ( 4iˆ - 5jˆ + 6kˆ )
r are collinear, then the value of q is
a = î + ˆj + kˆ
r 5 2 −5 −2
b = î − ˆj + kˆ (a) (b) (c) (d)
2 3 2 5
r ˆ ˆ ˆ MHT CET-2020
c = 2i + 3j + mk
Since given vectors are coplanar, Ans. (a) : Given,
r
1 1 1 (
A = 2iˆ − qjˆ + 3kˆ )
1 −1 1 = 0 r
2 3 m (
B = 4iˆ − 5jˆ + 6kˆ
ur
) ur
∴1(– m – 3) – 1(m – 2) + 1( 3 + 2) = 0 and both the vector A and B are collinear.
2m = 4 r r
m=2 ∴ There exists a scalar t such that b = ta
r
69. If
r
r
a = 2iˆ – ˆj + k,b
ˆ = î + 2jˆ – 3kˆ and ( )
4i$ − 5j$ + 6k$ = t 2i$ − q$j + 3k$
c = 3iˆ + λjˆ + 5kˆ are coplanar, then λ is the root
4i$ − 5j$ + 6k$ = 2ti$ − qt $j + 3tk$
of the equation
Now, by equality of vectors, we get-
(a) x 2 + 3x = 6 (b) x 2 + 2x = 4
4 = 2t, –5 = –qt, 6 = 3t
(c) x + 3x = 4
2
(d) x + 2x = 6
2
4
MHT CET-2020 t= =2
Ans. (c) : Given, 2
r Now,
a = 2iˆ − ˆj + kˆ Put, t = 2 in,
r
b = î + 2jˆ − 3kˆ –5 = –qt
r –5 = –q(2)
c = 3iˆ + λˆj + 5kˆ
5
Since given vectors are coplanar, q=
2
2 −1 1 r r r r
1 2 −3 = 0 72. If the vectors a = i – 2jˆ + k,b ˆ = 2i – 5jˆ + Pkˆ and
r
3 λ 5 c = 5iˆ – 9jˆ + 4kˆ are coplanar, then the value of
∴ 2 (10 + 3λ ) + 1( 5 + 9 ) + 1( λ − 6 ) = 0 P is
∴ 20 + 6λ + 14 + λ − 6 = 0 ⇒ 7λ + 28 = 0 ⇒ λ = −4 (a) −
1
(b) 3 (c) −3 (d)
1
Put x = −4 in all options. 3 3
(a) 8 – 12 = –4 ≠ 6 MHT CET-2020
(b) 16 – 8 = 8 ≠ 4
Ans. (b) : Given,
(c) 16 – 12 = 4
r
(d) 16 – 8 = 8 ≠ 6 a = î − 2ˆj + kˆ
2
Hence, λ = –4 is the root of x + 3x = 4 r
b = 2iˆ − 5jˆ + Pkˆ
70. If a, b, c are non- negative distinct numbers
r
and aiˆ + ajˆ + ck, ˆ î + kˆ and ciˆ + cjˆ + bkˆ are c = 5iˆ − 9ˆj + 4kˆ
coplanar vectors, then We know that, vectors are coplanar
r r r
(a) a, b, c are in A.P
(c) a, c, b are in G.P
(b) a, c, b are in A.P
(d) a, b, c are in G.P
( )
a ⋅ b× c = 0
MHT CET-2020 1 −2 1
Ans. (c) : Given, ∴ 2 −5 P = 0
r 5 −9 4
a = aiˆ + ajˆ + ckˆ
r
b = î + kˆ = î + 0ˆj + kˆ ∴1( −20 + 9P ) + 2 ( 8 − 5P ) + 1( −18 + 25 ) = 0
r −20 + 9P + 16 − 10P + 7 = 0 ⇒ −P + 3 = 0 ⇒ P = 3
c = ciˆ + cjˆ + bkˆ
r r r
73. If the vectors î + 2jˆ + xkˆ and yiˆ + 6jˆ + 4kˆ are (c) a, b and c are non-coplanar
r r
collinear, then the values of x and y are (d) a and b are collinear
4 MHT CET-2020
(a) ,3 (b) 4, 3
3 Ans. (c) : Given,
r
(c) 3, 4
1
(d) ,1 a = 3iˆ + ˆj − kˆ
3 r
b = 2iˆ − ˆj + 7kˆ
MHT CET-2020
r
Ans. (a) : Given, c = 7iˆ − ˆj + 23kˆ
r 3 1 −1
a = î + 2ˆj + xkˆ
r r r
r a b c  = 2 −1 7
b = yiˆ + 6ˆj + 4kˆ  
r r 7 −1 23
Let, a & b be given collinear vectors
r r = 3 ( −23 + 7 ) − 1( 46 − 49 ) − 1( −2 + 7 )
∴ a = mb = 3 (–16) – 1 (–3) –1 (5) = –50 ≠ 0
∴ î + 2ˆj + xkˆ = m ( yiˆ + 6ˆj + 4kˆ ) r r r
Therefore, a, b and c are non coplanar.
∴ î + 2ˆj + xkˆ = myiˆ + 6mjˆ + 4mkˆ 76. The value of m, if the vectors
By equality of vectors, $i – $j – 6k$, $i – 3j$ + 4k$ and 2i$ – 5j$ + mk$ are
∴ 1 = my, 2 = 6m, x = 4m coplanar, is
1 (a) 1 (b) 3
m= (c) − 1 (d) −3
3
MHT CET-2020
4
y = 3, x = Ans. (b) : Given,
3 r
74. a = î − ˆj − 6kˆ
r r r
a = î + ˆj + k,ˆ b = î – ˆj + 2kˆ and
b = î − 3jˆ + 4kˆ
r ˆ If the vector cr lies in the
c = xiˆ + ( x – 1) ˆj – k. r
c = 2iˆ − 5jˆ + mkˆ
r r
plane of a and b , then x = are coplanar
r r r
2 −3 We know that, a, b, c are coplanar
(a) (b) r r r
3 2 ( )
a ⋅ b× c = 0
−2 3
(c) (d) 1 −1 −6
3 2
∴ 1 −3 4 = 0
MHT CET-2020
2 −5 m
Ans. (b) : Given,
r ˆ ˆ ˆ 1( −3m + 20 ) + 1( m − 8 ) − 6 ( −5 + 6 ) = 0
a = i + j+ k
r −3m + 20 + m − 8 + 30 − 36 = 0 ⇒−2m + 6 = 0 ⇒ m = 3
b = î − ˆj + 2kˆ 77. If the points (2, 1, –1), B (0, –1, 0), C(4, 0,4) and
r
c = xiˆ + ( x − 1) ˆj − kˆ D ( 2, 0, x ) are coplanar then x =
We know that, vectors are coplanar, (a) 4 (b) 1
r r r (c) 2 (d) 3
( )
a ⋅ b× c = 0 MHT CET-2020
1 1 1 Ans. (b) : Given,
A = (2, 1, – 1)
∴ 1 −1 2 = 0 B = (0, –1, 0)
x x − 1 −1 C = (4, 0, 4)
∴1(1 − 2x + 2 ) − 1( −1 − 2x ) + 1( x − 1 + x ) = 0 D = (2, 0, x)
r r r r
−3 a, b, c and d position vector
3 − 2x + 1 + 2x + 2x − 1 = 0 ⇒ 2x + 3 = 0 ⇒ x =
2 r
r r a = 2iˆ + ˆj − kˆ
ˆ ˆ ˆ
75. If a = 3i + j – k, b = 2i – j + 7k ˆ ˆ ˆ r
r b = 0iˆ − ˆj + 0kˆ
ˆ ˆ ˆ
and c = 7i – j + 23k are three vectors then which r
c = 4iˆ + 0ˆj + 4kˆ
of the following statement is true. r
r r r d = 2iˆ + 0ˆj + xkˆ
(a) a, b, c are mutually perpendicular uuur r r
r r r
(b) a, b and c are coplanar ( ) ( )
AB = b − a = 0iˆ − ˆj + 0kˆ − 2iˆ + ˆj − kˆ

uuur
AB = −2iˆ − 2ˆj + kˆ uuur 2iˆ + 4jˆ + 6kˆ
uuur r r AD =
AC = c − a uuur 2
uuur AD = î + 2ˆj + 3kˆ
( ) (
AC = 4iˆ + 0jˆ + 4kˆ − 2iˆ + ˆj − kˆ ) Length of Median = 12 + 22 + 32
uuur
AC = 2iˆ − ˆj + 5kˆ = 1 + 4 + 9 = 14
uuur r r
AD = d − a
uuur r r r r r r
( ) (
AD = 2iˆ + 0ˆj + xkˆ − 2iˆ + ˆj − kˆ ) 80. If a = 3, b = 4, c = 5 each one of a , b & c is
perpendicular to the sum of the remaining then
uuur r r r
AD = −ˆj + ( x + 1) kˆ  a + b + c  is equal to
 
Since, the points A, B, C, D are coplanar,
5 2
−2 −2 1 (a) (b)
2 −1 5 =0 2 5
0 −1 x + 1 (c) 5 2 (d) 5
Karnataka CET-2016
∴ − 2[( −1− x ) − ( −5)] + 2[( 2x + 2) − 0] +1[ −2 − 0] = 0
Ans. (c) : Given,
⇒ −2 [ −1 − x + 5] + 2 [ 2x + 2] + [ −2 ] = 0 r r r
a = 3, b = 4, c = 5
⇒ −8 + 2x + 4x + 2 = 0 ⇒ x = 1
We know that,
78. If three vectors 2i$ – $j– k, $ $i + 2j$ – 3k$ r r r
ˆ ˆ ˆ
and
(
a⋅ b+c = 0 )
3i + λi + 5k are coplanar, then the value of λ is r r r r
(a) −4 (b) −2 a⋅b +a⋅c = 0 ....(i)
r r r
(c) −1 (d) −8
MHT CET-2012
(
a⋅ c+b = 0 )
r r r r
Ans. (d) : Given, a ⋅c + a ⋅b = 0 ....(ii)
r r r
r
a = 2iˆ − ˆj − kˆ
r
(
c⋅ a + b = 0 )
b = î + 2ˆj − 3kˆ r r r r
c⋅a + b⋅c = 0 ....(iii)
r
c = 3iˆ + λî + 5kˆ From equation (i), (ii) and (iii),
r r r r r r
Since given vectors are coplanar,
2 −1 −1
(
2 a ⋅b + b ⋅ c + c ⋅ a = 0)
r r r r r r
1 2 −3 = 0 a ⋅b + b ⋅ c + c ⋅ a = 0
r r r2 r2 r2 r2 r r r r r r
3 λ 5 (
a + b + c = a + b + c + 2 a⋅ b + b ⋅ c + c ⋅ a )
⇒ 2 (10 + 3λ ) + 1( 5 + 9 ) − 1( λ − 6 ) = 0 r r r2
a + b + c = ( 3) + ( 4 ) + ( 5 ) + 2(0)
2 2 2
∴ 20 + 6λ + 14 − λ + 6 = 0 ⇒ 5λ + 40 = 0 ⇒ λ = −8
79. The two vectors î + ˆj + kˆ and r r r2
uuur a + b + c = 9 + 16 + 25
î + 3jˆ + 5kˆ represents the two sides AB and
uuur r r r2
AC respectively of a ∆ABC. The length of the a + b + c = 50
median though A is r r r
(a) 14 (b) 7 a + b + c = 50
r r r
(c) 14 (d)
14 a+b+c =5 2
2
Karnataka CET-2020 81. The area of the parallelogram whose adjacent
Ans. (c) : Given, sides are î + kˆ and 2iˆ + ˆj + kˆ is
uuur
AB = î + ˆj + kˆ (a) 3 (b) 2
uuur
AC = î + 3jˆ + 5kˆ (c) 4 (d) 3
We know that, Karnataka CET-2014
uuur uuur
AB + AC Ans. (d) : Given,
Median = r
2 a = î + kˆ
r
uuur
AD =
( ) (
î + ˆj + kˆ + î + 3jˆ + 5kˆ ) a = î + 0ˆj + kˆ
r
2 b = 2iˆ + ˆj + kˆ

We know that, area of parallelogram î ˆj kˆ
î ˆj kˆ r r
a×b = 1 1 1
r r
a×b = 1 0 1 2 1 3
r r
2 1 1 a × b = î ( 3 – 1) – ˆj ( 3 – 2 ) + kˆ (1 – 2 )
r r
a × b = î ( 0 – 1) – ˆj (1 – 2 ) + kˆ (1 – 0 ) r r
a × b = 2iˆ – ˆj – kˆ
r r
a × b = –iˆ + ˆj + kˆ r r
a × b = ( 2 ) + ( –1) + ( –1) = 4 + 1 + 1 =
2 2 2
6
r r
a × b = ( –1) + (1) + (1)
2 2 2
r r ( )
2iˆ − ˆj − kˆ
a×b = 3 n̂ =
6
r r
82. If a and b are two unit vectors inclined at an 84. A unit vector perpendicular to both the vectors
π r r î + ˆj and ˆj + kˆ is
angle , then the value of a + b is
3 î + ˆj + kˆ î − ˆj + kˆ
(a) equal to 1 (b) greater than 1 (a) (b)
3 3
(c) equal to 0 (d) less than 1
ˆ ˆ
−i − j + k ˆ î + j − kˆ
ˆ
Karnataka CET-2014 (c) (d)
Ans. (b) : 3 3
Given, Karnataka CET-2008
r r Ans. (b) : Given,
a = 1, b =1 r
a = î + ˆj = î + ˆj + 0kˆ
π r
Angle (θ) = b = ˆj + kˆ = 0iˆ + ˆj + kˆ
3 We know that,
We know that, Unit vector,
r r2 r2 r2 rr r r
a + b = a + b + 2a b cos θ a×b
n̂ = r r
a×b
r r2 1
a + b = 12 + 12 + 2 ×1× 1× î ˆj kˆ
2
r r
r r 2 1 Now, a×b = 1 1 0
a + b = 1+1+ 2 ×
2 0 1 1
r r2
a+b =3 = i (1 − 0 ) − ˆj (1 − 0 ) + kˆ (1 − 0 )
ˆ
r r = î − ˆj + kˆ
a+b = 3 r
r
a × b = (1) + ( –1) + (1)
2 2 2
r r
a + b >1
= 3
83. A unit vector perpendicular to both
i − ˆj + kˆ
î + ˆj + kˆ and 2iˆ + ˆj + 3kˆ is Unit vector ( n̂ ) =
3
( )
2iˆ − ˆj − kˆ 85. A vector perpendicular to the plane containing
( )
(a) 2iˆ − ˆj − kˆ 6 (b)
6
the points A(1, –1, 2), B(2, 0, –1), C(0, 2, 1) is
(a) 4iˆ + 8jˆ − 4kˆ (b) 8iˆ + 4ˆj + 4kˆ
(c) 2iˆ + ˆj + kˆ
(
(d)
)
3iˆ + ˆj − 2kˆ
(c) 3iˆ + ˆj + 2kˆ (d) î + ˆj − kˆ
6 Karnataka CET-2007
Karnataka CET-2011 Ans. (b) : Given,
Ans. (b) : Given,
r A (1, –1,2) = î − ˆj + 2kˆ
a = î + ˆj + kˆ
r B (2, 0, –1) = 2iˆ + 0ˆj − kˆ
b = 2iˆ + ˆj + 3kˆ
C ( 0, 2, 1) = 0iˆ + 2ˆj + kˆ
We know that,
r r A vector perpendicular to the plane containing the
a×b points ABC
Unit vector, n̂ = r r ur ur ur ur ur ur
a×b A × B + B× C + C × A = ?

r r
î ˆj kˆ 87. If a and b are the two vectors such that
r r r r r r
A × B = 1 –1 2 a = 3 3, b = 4 and a + b = 7, then the angle
r r
2 0 –1 between a and b is
r r
A×B = î (1 − 0 ) − ˆj ( −1 − 4 ) + kˆ ( 0 + 2 ) (a) 120o (b) 60o
r r (c) 30 o (d) 150 o
A×B = î + 5ˆj + 2kˆ
Karnataka CET-2006
î ˆj kˆ
r r Ans. (d) : Given,
r r
B × C = 2 0 −1 a = 3 3, b =4
0 2 1 r r
r r a+b = 7
B × C = î ( 0 + 2 ) − ˆj ( 2 + 0 ) + kˆ ( 4 − 0 )
r r We know that,
B × C = 2iˆ − 2ˆj + 4kˆ
r r2 r2 r2 r r
î ˆj kˆ a + b = a + b + 2 a b cosθ
r r
C× A = 0 2 1
( 7 ) = (3 3 ) ( )
2 2
+ 42 + 2 3 3 4 cos θ
1 −1 2
ur ur 7 = 27 + 16 + 24 3 cos θ
C × A = i ( 4 + 1) − ˆj ( 0 − 1) + kˆ ( 0 − 2 )
ˆ
ur ur 24 3 cos θ = −36
C × A = 5i + ˆj − 2kˆ
r r r r r r −3 − 3
(
A × B + B × C + C × B = î + 5ˆj + 2kˆ ) cos θ =
2 3
=
2
( ) (
+ 2iˆ − 2ˆj + 4kˆ + 5iˆ + ˆj − 2kˆ ) θ = 150°
= 8iˆ + 4ˆj + 4kˆ 88. If O ( 0,0,0 ) , A ( 1, 2,3 ) ,B ( 2, 3,4 ) and C ( x , y, z )
r r are coplanar points, then which of the following
86. If a = 2iˆ + 3jˆ − k, ˆ cr = 3iˆ + 5jˆ – k,
ˆ b = î + 2jˆ – 5k, ˆ
r is true?
then a vector perpendicular to a and in the (a) x − 2y + z = 0 (b) 2x + y − z = 0
r r
plane containing b and c is (c) 3x − y + 2z = 7 (d) 3x − 2y + z = 0
(a) −17iˆ + 21jˆ − 97kˆ (b) 17iˆ + 21jˆ − 123kˆ MHT CET-2010
(c) −17iˆ − 21jˆ + 97kˆ (d) −17iˆ − 21jˆ − 97kˆ Ans. (a) : Let,
Karnataka CET-2007 o, r r r r
a, b, c be the position vectors of the points O, A, B
Ans. (d) : Given,
r and C respectively.
a = 2iˆ + 3jˆ − kˆ uuur uuur
r OA = î + 2ˆj + 3kˆ and OB = 2iˆ + 3jˆ + 4kˆ and
b = î + 2ˆj − 5kˆ uuur
r OC = xiˆ + yjˆ + zkˆ
c = 3iˆ + 5jˆ − kˆ uuur uuur uuur
As, O, A, B, and C are coplanar, OA , OB and OC are
We know that, a vector perpendicular to a and in the
plane containing b and c coplanar
r r r
a × b×c ( ) ∴
uuur uuur uuur
OA OB OC  = 0
 
î ˆj kˆ
r r 1 2 3
b × c = 1 2 −5
2 3 4 =0
3 5 −1
x y z
= î ( −2 + 25 ) − ˆj ( −1 + 15 ) + kˆ ( 5 − 6 ) 1(3z – 4y) – 2 (2z – 4x) +3 (2y – 3x) = 0
r r 3z – 4y – 4z + 8x + 6y – 9x = 0
b × c = 23iˆ − 14ˆj − kˆ
– z + 2y – x = 0
î ˆj kˆ x –2y + z = 0
r r r
(
a × b×c = 2 ) 3 −1 89. The area of a rhombus whose diagonals are
r r r
23 −14 −1 a = 2iˆ – 3jˆ + 5k and b = 2iˆ + 2jˆ + 2kˆ is
= î ( −3 − 14 ) − ˆj ( −2 + 23) + k̂ ( −28 − 69 ) (a) 456sq.unit (b) 114sq.unit
= −17iˆ − 21jˆ − 97kˆ (c) 256sq.unit (d) None of these

MHT CET-2005
Ans. (b) : Given, Ans. (c) : Given,
r r r r r
a = 2i$ − 3j$ + 5k$ , b = 2i$ + 2$j + 2k$ are the diagonals of a Position vector is :- a, b, c
rhombus. −ˆj − k,
ˆ 4iˆ + 5jˆ + λk,
ˆ 3iˆ + 9ˆj + 4k, ˆ − 4iˆ + 4ˆj + 4kˆ
We know that, Points are :-
1r r A ( 0, −1, −1) , B ( 4,5, λ ) , C ( 3,9, 4 ) , D ( −4, 4, 4 )
Area of rhombus = a b
2 Now,
uuur r r
a = ( 2 ) + ( −3) + ( 5) = 4 + 9 + 25 = 38
2 2 2
AB = b − a
uuur
r
b = ( 2 ) + ( 2 ) + ( 2 ) = 4 + 4 + 4 = 12 = 2 3
2 2 2
uuur
( ) (
AB = 4iˆ + 5jˆ + λkˆ − −ˆj − kˆ )
AB = 4iˆ + 6jˆ + ( λ + 1) kˆ
∴ Area of rhombus = ( 38 )( 2 3 ) = 114 square
1
uuur r r
2 AC = c − a
uuur
( ) ( )
unit
AC = 3iˆ + 9ˆj + 4kˆ − −ˆj − kˆ
90. Let uuur
r r
ˆ b = î + 2jˆ − kˆ and cr = î + ˆj − 2k.
a = 2iˆ − ˆj + k, ˆ A AC = 3iˆ + 10ˆj + 5kˆ
r r uuur r r
vector in the plane of b and c whose projection AD = d − a
uuur
r
on a has the magnitude
2
, is
uuur
( ) (
AD = − 4iˆ + 4jˆ + 4kˆ − −ˆj − kˆ )
3
AD = −4iˆ + 5jˆ + 5kˆ
(a) 2iˆ + 3jˆ − 3kˆ (b) 2iˆ + 3jˆ + 3kˆ
Given points are coplanar.
(c) −2iˆ − ˆj + 5kˆ (d) 2iˆ + ˆj − 5kˆ 4 6 λ +1
SRM JEEE-2008,2018 ∴ 3 10 5 =0
AMU-2013,2014
−4 5 5
Ans. (c) : Given,
r 4(50 – 25) – 6(15 + 20) + (λ + 1) (15 + 40) = 0
a = 2iˆ − ˆj + kˆ 55λ – 55 = 0
r
b = î + 2ˆj − kˆ λ=1
uuur uuur
r 92. If the vectors AB = –3iˆ + 4kˆ and AC = 5iˆ − 2j+ ˆ 4kˆ
c = î + ˆj − 2kˆ
r r r are the sides of a triangle ABC. Then the length
Let, d be the vector in the plane b and c .
r r r of the median through A is
∴ d = b + tc = (iˆ + 2ˆj − k) ˆ + t(iˆ + ˆj − 2k)
ˆ
(a) 14 (b) 18
= (1 + t)iˆ + (2 + t)ˆj + (−1 − 2t)kˆ (c) 29 (d) none of these
r r
r r d ⋅a SRM JEEE-2014
∴ Projection of vector d on a = r Ans. (b) : Given that,
|a|
ˆ  (1 + t)iˆ + (2 + t)ˆj + (−1 − 2t)kˆ 
(2iˆ − ˆj + k) uuur
 = 2 AB = − 3iˆ + 4kˆ
(2) 2 + (1)2 + (1) 2 3 uuur
AC = 5iˆ − 2jˆ + 4kˆ
2(1 + t) + (−1)(2 + t) + 1(−1 − 2t) 2 We know that,
=
6 3 uuur uuur
uuur AB + AC
AD = =
( ) (
−3iˆ + 4kˆ + 5iˆ − 2jˆ + 4kˆ )
2 + 2t – 2 – t – 1 – 2t 2
= 2 2
6 3 uuur 2iˆ − 2ˆj + 8kˆ
t+1=–2 AD = = î − ˆj + 4kˆ
t = –3 2
r uuur
∴ d = (1 – 3)iˆ + (2 – 3)jˆ + (– 1 – 2(–3))kˆ AD = 12 + 12 + 42 = 1 + 1 + 16
r
d = −2iˆ − ˆj + 5kˆ uuur
AD = 18 unit
91. If the points with position vectors
r r r r r r r
−ˆj – k,
ˆ 4iˆ + 5jˆ + λk,
ˆ 3iˆ + 9jˆ + 4kˆ and 93. If | a | = 2,| b |= 3,| c |= 4 and a + b + c = 0, then
r r r r r r
−4iˆ + 4jˆ + 4kˆ are coplanar, then λ equals the value of b ⋅ c + c ⋅ a + a ⋅ b is equal to
(a) –1 (b) 0 (a) 19/2 (b) –19/2
(c) 1 (d) None of these (c) 29/2 (d) –29/2
SRM JEEE-2011
SRM JEEE-2014
r r r r r r =
( 2iˆ ⋅ î + 6jˆ ⋅ ˆj − 6kˆ ⋅ kˆ )
a = 2, b = 3, c = 4 and a + b + c = 0
14
We known that,
r r r2 r r r r r r (Q î ⋅ î = ˆj ⋅ ˆj = kˆ ⋅ kˆ = 1)
a+b+c = a+b+c ⋅ ( )(
a+b+c ) 2
r2 r2 r2 r r r r r r =
(0) = a + b + c + 2
2
(
a ⋅b + b⋅c + c ⋅a ) 14
r
r r r r r r 96. A vector a makes equal acute angles on the
2 2 2
(
(0)2 = 2 + 3 + 4 + 2 a . b + b . c + c + a ) coordinate axis. Then the projection of vector
r r
r r r r r r b = 5iˆ + 7jˆ - kˆ on a is
0 = 4 + 9 + 16 + 2 (a ⋅ b + b ⋅ c + c ⋅ a)
11 11 4 3
r r r r r r
(
∴ a ⋅b + b⋅c + c⋅a = − ) 29
2
(a)
15
(b)
3
(c)
5
(d)
5 3
r r r r r r Karnataka CET-2021
94. If the vectors i + 3j – 2k, 2i – j + 4k and
r r r Ans. (b) : Given,
r r
3i + 2j + xk are coplanar, then the value of x b = 5iˆ + 7ˆj − kˆ , a = î + ˆj + kˆ
is: Projection of vector,
(a) –2 (b) 2 r
(c) 1 (d) 3 Vector a = î + ˆj + kˆ = 12 + 12 + 12 = 3
Ans. (b) : Given,

Karnataka CET-2000 r
r b.ar
b= r =
(
5i$ + 7$j − k$ . $i + $j + k$ )( )
r
a = î + 3jˆ − 2kˆ a 3
( 5i$⋅$i + 7$j⋅$j − k$ ⋅ k$ )
r
b = 2iˆ − ˆj + 4kˆ
r =
c = 3iˆ + 2ˆj + xkˆ 3
r r r
If the vector a, b and c are coplanar then
rrr
(
Q î ⋅ î = ˆj ⋅ ˆj = kˆ ⋅ kˆ = 1 )
a b c  = 0 r ( 5 + 7 − 1) r 11
  a= , a= =
11
1 3 −2 3 3 3
uuur
2 −1 4 = 0 97. ˆ ˆ
If the vectors AB = 3i + 4k and
uuur
3 2 x AC = 5iˆ – 2jˆ + 4kˆ are the sides of a triangle
1 (– x – 8) – 3 (2x – 12) – 2 ( 4 + 3) = 0 ABC, then the length of the median through A
– x – 8 – 6x + 36 – 14 = 0 is
– 7x + 14 = 0 (a) 45 (b) 18
x=2
r (c) 72 (d) 33
95. The projection of a = 2iˆ + 3jˆ – 2kˆ on COMEDK-2013
r
b = î + 2jˆ + 3kˆ is : Ans. (d) : Given that,
uuur
1 2 AB = 3iˆ + 4kˆ
(a) (b) uuur
14 14 AC = 5iˆ – 2jˆ + 4kˆ
–2 We know that,
(c) 14 (d)
14 1
AM = (AB + AC)
Karnataka CET-2004 2
Ans. (b) : Given, 8iˆ – 2ˆj + 8kˆ
r
a = 2iˆ + 3jˆ − 2kˆ =
1 ˆ
2
( ) (
3i + 4kˆ + 5iˆ – 2ˆj + 4kˆ  =
 2
)
r
b = î + 2ˆj + 3kˆ = 4iˆ – ˆj + 4kˆ
The vector of projection
∴ AM = 42 + 12 + 42 = 33
r r r r
a⋅b
of a on b = r =
( )(
2iˆ + 3jˆ − 2kˆ ⋅ î + 2jˆ + 3kˆ )
(1) + ( 2 ) + ( 3)
2 2 2
b
=
( 2iˆ + 3jˆ − 2kˆ ) ⋅ ( î + 2jˆ + 3kˆ )
14 Hence, the length of median is 33 .

r r r r r
98. If a,b,c are three non-zero vectors such that ( ) ( )
a + b = 3iˆ + 5jˆ + 2kˆ + 2iˆ – 3jˆ – 5kˆ = 5iˆ + 2ˆj – 3kˆ
each one of them are perpendicular to the sum rr r
of the other two vectors, then the value of ∴ The vectors a, b,c are represented by three sides of a
r r r2 triangle.
a + b + c is r
Now, a = 3iˆ + 5jˆ + 2kˆ = 9 + 25 + 4 = 38
r2 r2 r2 r r r
(a) a + b + c (b) a + b + c r
b = 2iˆ – 3jˆ – 5kˆ = 4 + 9 + 25 = 38
r2 r2 r2
(c) 2( a + b + c ) (d) (1 r2 r2
2
a +b +c
2
) r
c = 5iˆ + 2jˆ – 3kˆ = 25 + 4 + 9 = 38
COMEDK-2015 r r r
Ans. (a) : Given, Q a =b =c
r r r r r r
( )
a⋅ b+c = 0 ∴ a,b, c forms the sides of an equilateral triangle.
r r r r 101. Forces 5P, 4P, P and 2P act along the sides AB,
a ⋅ b + a ⋅c = 0 …(i)
r r r BC, CD, DA of a square ABCD taken in order.
b ⋅ (a + c) = 0 Then the resultant is equal to
r r r r (a) 2P (b) 5P (c) 46P (d) 2 5P
b⋅a + b⋅c = 0 …(ii)
r r r AMU-2006
( )
c⋅ a + b = 0 Ans. (d) : The resultant of 4 vectors in x, y direction are
r r r r 5P, 4P, P and 2P.
c⋅a + c⋅b = 0 .....(iii)
Now resultant of x direction is,
On adding equation (i), (ii) and (iii), we get – r
r r r r r r
( )
2 a ⋅b + b⋅c + c ⋅a = 0
f1 = 4P – 2P = 2P
and resultant of direction
r
r r r r r r
a ⋅b + b⋅c + c ⋅a = 0 f2 = 5P – P = 4P
r r r2 r2 r2 r2 rr r r r r The net resultant force is,
(
a + b + c = a + b + c + 2 a b + b⋅c + c ⋅a ) r r
R = 2P + 4P
r
r r r2 r2 r2 r2 r2 r2 r2 Angle of both vector is 90°.
a+b+c = a + b + c +2= a + b + c So magnitude of resultant is,
r r r r r r
( f1 ) + ( f 2 )
2 2
99. If a = 15, b = 12 and a + b = 20, then a – b = R= = 4P 2 + 16P 2 = 20P 2 = 2 5P
(a) 338 (b) 338 r r r
102. If a, b, c are mutually perpendicular unit
(c) 769 (d) 769 r r r
vectors, then a + b – c equals
COMEDK-2016
r r r r (a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 2
Ans. (a) :Given, a = 15, b = 12, a + b = 20
AMU-2006
r r rr r
a−b =? Ans. (c) : Given, a, b,c are mutually perpendicular unit
We know that, vector.
r r r
r r2 r2 rr r2 Then a = b = c = 1
a + b = a + 2.a.b + b
r r r r r r
r r and a ⋅ b = b ⋅ c = c ⋅ a = 0
2a ⋅ b = (20) – (15) – (12) = 400 – 225–144 = 31
2 2 2
Now,
r r2 r2 rr r2
Now, a – b = a – 2a.b + b r r r 2 r r rr rr rr
( ) r 2
a + b − c = a 2 + b 2 + ( −c ) + 2a b − 2b c − 2c a
= (15) 2 – (31) + (12) 2 = 225 – 31 + 144 = 338 r r r 2 rr rr rr
r r
a – b = 338
( )
a + b − c = a 2 + b 2 + c2 + 2a b − 2b c − 2c a
r r r 2
ˆ ˆ ˆ
100. The vectors 3i + 5j + 2k, 2i – 3j – 5k ˆ ˆ ˆ and ( )
a + b − c = 1+1+1+ 0 − 0 − 0
r r r 2
ˆ ˆ ˆ
5i + 2j – 3k form the sides of ( a+b−c =3 )
r r r
(a) isosceles triangle
(c) scalene triangle
(b) right triangle
(d) equilateral triangle ( a+b−c = 3)
r r
COMEDK-2020 103. If a = 2iˆ + ˆj − 8kˆ and b = î + 3jˆ − 4kˆ then the
Ans. (d) : Given, r r
r magnitude of a + b is equal to
a = 3iˆ + 5jˆ + 2kˆ 13 3 4
r (a) 13 (b) (c) (d)
b = 2iˆ – 3jˆ – 5kˆ 3 13 13
r CG-PET-2017
c = 5iˆ + 2ˆj – 3kˆ AMU-2002

r r r
Ans. (a) : Given, Ans. (b) : a, b, c are unit vectors
r r r r
a = 2i$ + $j 8k$ Then, a = b = c = 1
r
b = $i + 3j$ – 4k$ r r2 r r2 r r2
r r a–b + b–c + c–a
a + b = ( 2i$+ $j −8k$ ) + ( $i + 3j$ − 4k$ ) r2 r2
r r rr r2 r2 rr r2 r2 rr
= a + b – 2.a.b + b + c – 2b.c + c + a – 2c.a
a + b = 3i + 4 j − 12 k
$ $ $
r r rr rr rr
= 2 – 2a.b + 2 – 2b.c + 2 – 2c.a
Magnitude of a + b rr rr rr
= 6 – 2(a.b + b.c + c.a) .....(i)
2 2 2
= ( 3) + ( 4) + ( −12) = 9 +16 + 144 Now:-
r r r2
= 169 = 13 a+b+c ≥ 0
r r r r r r
104. If a,b and c are three non-coplanar vectors a 2 + b 2 + c 2 + 2(a.b rr rr rr
r r r r r r r r + b.c + c.a) ≥ 0
such that a + b + c = αd and b + c + d = βa then
r r r r 3 ≥ –2(a.b + b.c + c.a) .......(ii)
what is a + b + c + d equal to? From equation (i) and (ii), we get –
r r
(a) 0 (b) αa r r2 r r2 r r2
r r a–b + b–c + c–a ≤9
(c) βb (d) (α + β)c
SCRA-2009 106. Consider the following statements:
r r r 1. The sum of two unit vectors can be a unit
Ans. (a) : a, b and care three non − coplanar vector.
r r r r
a + b + c = αd ....(i) 2. The magnitude of the difference between two
r r r r unit vectors can be greater than the magnitude
b + c + d = βa .....(ii)
r r r of a unit vector.
r a+b+c Which of the above statements is/are correct?
d= ,
α (a) 1 only (b) 2 only
r r r (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
r b+c+d
a= SCRA-2012
β Ans. (c) : Statement I- Sum of two unit vectors can be
Now, an unit vector.
r r r r
b + c + d = βa r r r2 r2 r r
r r r
r r a +b+c r as a + b = a + b + 2 a b cos θ
b+c+ = βa
2π
r r α r r r For θ =
α b + αc + a + b + c r 3
= βa r
r αr r  1 r r
r r r r a + b = 1+1+ 2 –  Q  a = b = 1
( α + 1) b + a + ( α + 1) c = αβa + 0.b + 0.c  2  
Coefficient comparison =1
α + 1 = 0 ⇒ α = –1 r r r2 r2 r r
1 = αβ Statement-II a – b = a + b – 2 a b cos θ
1 = ( –1) β 2π
For θ =
β = –1 3
From (i) we get – r r  1
α = –1 a – b = 1+1 – 2 –  = 3
r r r ur  2
a+b+c = – d r r
r r r r r 107. Let b = 4iˆ + 3jˆ and c be two vectors
a+b+c+d =0 perpendicular to each other in xy-plane, then a
From (ii) we get – vector in the same plane having projections 1
r r r r r r
b + c + d = ( –1) a and 2 along b and c, respectively, is
r r r r r (a) î + 2jˆ (b) 2iˆ − ˆj
a+b+c+d =0
r r r (c) 2iˆ + ˆj (d) none of these
105. If a,b and c are unit vectors, then
r r2 r r2 r r2 AMU-2010
a − b + b – c + c – a does not exceed r ˆ ˆ
Ans. (b) : Let c = xi + yj
(a) 12 (b) 9 (c) 8 (d) 6 r r rr
b ⊥ c ⇒ b.c = 0 ⇒ 4x + 3y = 0
SCRA-2009
r r r r r r r r r r
⇒ =
x y
3 –4
= λ ⇒ x = 3λ, y = –4λ ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
a a + b b b × c b c× a c c× a
= rrr + rrr + rrr + rrr
r
(
c = λ 3iˆ – 4ˆj ) a b c 
  ( ) ( ) ( )
a bc abc a bc
r r
r
Let the required vector be a = piˆ + qj,
ˆ
r r
( ) ( )
c a×b a a×b
+ rrr + rrr
r r
r
Then
r r
the
rr
projection of
r
a on b and a bc ( ) ( ) a bc
r r
r a.b a.c
c are r and r respectively We know that, b(b × c) = c ( c × a ) = a ( a × b ) = 0
|b| |c| r r r
r b
r r
c
a a+b ( ) r r r
b(c × a )
= rrr +0+ rrr +0+ rrr +0
r r r
c (a × b)
a. r = 1 and a. r = 2
|b| |c| ( )
a bc (
abc ) abc( )
4p + 3q = 5 and 3p – 4q = 10 ⇒ p = 2, q = –1 rrr rrr
∴Required vector = 2iˆ – ˆj
( ) (
a bc ) r
a b c (ar b c)r
= rrr + rrr + rrr = 1 + 1 +1 = 3
r r r
108. a, b, c are three vectors of which every pair is
( ) (
a bc a bc ) (
a bc )
r r r r
non-collinear. If the vector a + b and b + c are 110. The component of î + ˆj along ˆj + kˆ will be
r r
collinear with c and a respectively, then î + ˆj ˆj + kˆ
r r r
a + b + c is (a) (b)
2 2
(a) a unit vector
(b) the null vector kˆ + î
r r r (c) (d) None of these
(c) equally inclined to a, b,c 2
(d) none of these CG PET- 2017
AMU-2010 Ans. (b) : The component of î + ˆj along ˆj + kˆ is,
Ans. (b) : Here,
r r r
a + b = tc
r r r
…(i) (( ) ( )) ( )
î + ˆj ⋅ ˆj + kˆ
⋅
ˆj + kˆ
b + c = sa …(ii) ˆj + kˆ ˆj + kˆ
r r r r r
[as a + b and b+c are collinear with c and
r ˆj + kˆ
a respectively ]
r r r r r r r =
a – c = tc – sa ⇒ a(1 + s) = c(1 + t ) 2
Subtracting (i) and (ii), we get – 111. Let us define the length of a vector
r r r
a+b= –c 2iˆ + bjˆ + ckˆ = a + b + c . The definition concides
r r r
Hence, a + b + c = 0 with the usual definition of length of a vector
r r r r
109. Let a,b and c,b three con-coplanar vectors, and aiˆ + bjˆ + ckˆ iff
r r r (a) a = b = c = 0
let p,q are r be vectors defined by the relations
r r r r r r (b) any two of a, b, c are zero
r b×c r c×a r a×b (c) any one of a, b, c is zero
p = r rr ,q = r rr and r = r rr then the
abc  abc  abc  (d) a + b + c = 0
    r r r  r r r r r r
( ) ( ) ( )
SCRA-2012
value of the expression a+b p+ b+c q+ c+a r
Ans. (a) : Given,
is equal to
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3 ai$ + b$j + ck$ = a + b + c
MHT CET-2020
AMU-2005 a 2 + b2 + c2 = a + b + c
r r r or a2+b2+c2 = (a+b+c)2
Ans. (d) : Let a, b, c three non coplanar
=a2+b2+c2+2ab+2bc+2ca
Given that, ab + bc + ca = 0
r r r r r r
r b×c r c× a r a × b Which shows that a = b = c = 0
p= rrr , q= rrr ,r = rrr
a b c  a b c  a b c  112. If a,b,c ˆ ˆ ˆ are three unit vectors such that
      r
Then the expression, aˆ + bˆ + cˆ = 0, then what is the value of
r r r r r r r r r
( )
(a + b)p + b + c q + ( c + a ) r aˆ ⋅ bˆ + bˆ ⋅ cˆ + cˆ ⋅ aˆ ?
r r r r (a) –3/2 (b) –1
r r
r r r r
(
b × c ( b + c ) c× a c× a a × b )( )
( )
a+b = rrr + r r r + rrr
(c) 0 (d) 3
(a bc ) (
abc ) (a bc ) SCRA-2010
Karnataka CET-2000
Ans. (a) : Given, Where $i and $j are unit vectors along the new co-
aˆ + bˆ + cˆ = 0 ordinate axes.
( ) On rotation magnitude of the initial and final are equal.
2 2 2
aˆ + bˆ + cˆ + 2 aˆ ⋅ bˆ + bˆ ⋅ cˆ + cˆ ⋅ aˆ = 0 r r r2 r2
b =a ⇒b =a
( )
1 + 1 + 1 + 2 aˆ ⋅ bˆ + bˆ ⋅ cˆ + cˆ ⋅ aˆ = 0
(p + 1)2 + 1 = (2p)2 + 1
( )
2
2 aˆ ⋅ bˆ + bˆ ⋅ cˆ + cˆ ⋅ aˆ = −3 p + 2p + 1 + 1 = 4p2 + 1
2
3p – 2p – 1 = 0
( ˆ ˆ )
aˆ ⋅ b + b ⋅ cˆ + cˆ ⋅ aˆ = −
3
2
(3p + 1) (p – 1) = 0
p = 1 and p = –1/3
r r
113. If a and b are unit vectors, then what is 115. If the sum of two unit vectors is again a unit
r r r r vector, then magnitude of their difference is
a + b + a – b equal to ? (a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 3 (d) 2
(a) 2 (b) 2 AMU-2017
r r
(c) 2 2 (d) 4 Ans. (c) : Let, a and b be two unit vector such that-
SCRA-2010 r r r r
a + b = 1 , | a |= 1, | b |= 1
r r
Ans. (c) : Given, a = b = 1 r r
Now, a + b =1
r r r2 r2 r r
a + b = a + b + 2 a ⋅b ( ) r r2 r r
a + b + 2 a b =1
= 1 + 1 + 2cos θ = 2 + 2 cos θ = 2 (1 + cos θ ) 1 + 1 + 2ab = 1
r r 2 r r −1
a + b = 4cos θ 2 2
a ⋅ b=
2
r r
a + b = 2cos θ 2 r r2 r2 r2 r r  −1 
a − b = a + b − 2 a b = 1 + 1− 2 
Similarly  2 
r r r2 r2 r r r r2
a − b = a + b − 2 a⋅b ( ) a − b =3
r r r r
a − b = 2sin θ 2 a−b = 3
r r r r
Q a ⋅ b= a b cos θ
Magnitude of their difference is 3 .
 r r 116. Let O be the origin and the position vector of
 a ⋅ b= cosθ the point P be –iˆ – 2jˆ + 3kˆ . If the position
r r r r θ θ vectors of the points A, B and C are
a + b + a − b = 2cos + 2sin
2 2 –2i$ + ˆj – 3kˆ , 2iˆ + 4jˆ – 2kˆ and –4iˆ + 2jˆ – kˆ
 θ θ  respectively then the projection of the vector
= 2  cos + sin  uuur
 2 2 OP
uuur on auuur vector perpendicular to the vectors
max value 2 = 2 2 AB and AC is
r 8 10 7
114. A vector a has components 2p and 1 with (a) 3 (b) (c) (d)
respect to a rectangular Cartesian system. The 3 3 3
system is rotated through a certain angle about JEE Main-10.04.2023, Shift-I
the
r origin in the counter clockwise sense. If Ans. (a) : Given, r
a has components p + 1 and 1 with respect to Pr = −$i − 2$j + 3k, $ A = −2i$ + $j − 3k$
the new system, then r r
1 B = 2i$ + 4j$ + −2k, $ C = −4i$ + 2j$ − k$
(a) p = 0 (b) p = 1 or p = − uuur uuur uuur
3 AB = OB – OA
(c) p = – 1 or p = 2 (d) p = 1 or p = – 1
= (2iˆ + 4jˆ – 2k) ˆ – (–2iˆ + ˆj – 3k)
ˆ = 4iˆ + 3jˆ + kˆ
AMU-2007 uuur uuur uuur
Ans. (b) : Let î , ˆj be unit vectors along the co-ordinate AC = OC – OA = –2iˆ + ˆj + 2kˆ
uuur uuur
axes. AB× AC = 5iˆ – 10jˆ +10kˆ
r ˆ ˆ uuur
a = 2pi + 1 ⋅ j …(i) OP = –iˆ – 2jˆ + 3kˆ
The rectangular cartesian system is rotated through a Projection
certain uuur uuur uuur
r angle
Let b be the vector having component p + 1 and 1 = ( )(
OP . AB× AC
uuur uuur
) =3
r
b = (p + 1)i + 1 ⋅ j …(ii) AB× AC

r
117. Let a = a1î + a 2 ˆj + a 3kˆ ai > 0, i = 1, 2, 3 be a 119. Consider ther points P (3, 4, –3) and Q (–1, 9, 0).
vector which makes equal angles with the If a vector u is represented by the directed line
uuur
coordinates axes OX, OY and OZ. Also, let the segment PQ then the point R such that
r uuur r
projection of a on the vector 3iˆ + 4jˆ be 7. Let QP also represents u is
r r
b be a vector obtained by rotating a with 90°. (a) (–4, 5, 3) (b) (3, 4, – 3)
r r (c) (–1, 9, 0) (d) (–5, 14, 3)
If a , b and x-axis are coplanar, then projection
r AMU-2004
of a vector b on 3iˆ + 4jˆ is equal to
Ans. (d) : Two points P (3, 4, –3) and Q (–1, 9, 0) If. u
uuur
(a) 7 (b) 2 (c) 2 (d) 7 is represented by directed line segment PQ
JEE Main-25.06.2022, Shift-I Then,
Ans. (b) : Given, uuur uuur uuur
r ˆ ˆ ˆ PQ = OQ – OP
a = a 1i + a 2 j + a 3 k
⇒ (–1–3, 9–4, 0 + 3)
 1 ˆ 1 ˆ 1 ˆ λ ˆ ˆ ˆ
r
a = λ
 3
i+
3
j
3
k =
 3
(
i + j+ k) And
uuur
QP
= (–4, 5, 3)
r
also represent u then,
r r uuur
Now projection of a on b = 7 QP = (4, – 5, –3) and Q (–1, 9, 0)
r r uuur
a⋅b Then, QP = (–1 – 4, 9 + 5, 0 + 3)
r =7 = (– 5, 14, 3)
b
120. ABC is a right-angled triangle in which max
(
ˆ ˆ ˆ
λ i + j + k ⋅ 3i + 4 j
ˆ ˆ)( =7
) {AB, BC, AC} = BC. If the position vectors of B
5 and C are respectively 3 î – 2 ĵ + k̂ and 5 î +
3
λ =5 3 ĵ – 3 k̂ , then
r
(
)
a = 5 î + ˆj + kˆ AB ⋅ AC + BA ⋅ BC + CA ⋅ CB =
(a) 28 (b) 29
r
( ) ()
Now b = 5α î + ˆj + β î (c) 27 (d) 25
r r AP EAMCET-17.09.2020, Shift-I
a⋅b = 0 r
25α(3) + 5β = 0 Ans. (b) : Given, B = 3iˆ − ˆj + kˆ
r
15α + β = 0 ⇒ β = – 15α C = 5iˆ + ˆj - 3kˆ
r
(
b = 5α –2iˆ + ˆj + kˆ ) uuur
BC = 2iˆ + 3jˆ - 4kˆ
r
b =5 3 Max {AB, BC, AC} = BC
∴ BC is hypotenuse of ∆ABC
1
⇒ α=± ∠A = 90o
2 uuur uuur
r ∴ AB ⋅ AC = 0
b=±
5
2
(
–2iˆ + ˆj + kˆ ) uuur uuur uuur uuur
BA ⋅ BC = BA BC cosB
r
Projection of b on 3iˆ + 4ˆj is uuur uuur uuur uuur
r CA ⋅ BC = CA CB cos C
(
b ⋅ 3iˆ + 4ˆj
=±
)5  –6 + 4  uuur uuur uuur uuur uuur uuur
 =± 2 AB – AC + BA – BC + CA – CB
5 2 5  uuur uuur uuur
118. Let collinear points A, B and C be such that = 0 + BC ( BA cosB + CB cos C)
uuur uuur uuur uuur
BC = 2AB. Then AC : CB is = 0 + BC BC [Q By projection formula]
 1
(a) 2 : (– 4) (b)  −  :1 uuur 2
 2 = BC − ( (2) 2 + 32 + 42 ) 2 = 4 + 9 + 16 = 29
(c) (– 1) : 2 (d) (– 3) : 2 r r
AMU-2004 121. If a,b are two unit vectors inclined at angle
Ans. (d) : Given that, r r
uuur uuur θ such that a + b is a unit vector, then what is
BC = 2 AB θ equal to?
We have the relative on equation of A, B and C π π
(a) (b)
AC 3 3 4
Then, = π 2π
CB –2 (c) (d)
C divide AB externally AC : CB: = (–3) : 2 6 3
SCRA-2014
Ans. (d) : 7a – 5b – 3c = 0 ....(ii)
r r On solving (i) and (ii), we get -
Given a = 1 b =1
a b c
r r = =
a + b =1 2 10 −12
a b c
Square both sides = =
r r2 1 5 −6
a + b = 12 $i + 5j$ − 6k$
r2 r r r Required unit vector
( )
a + b + 2 a ⋅b =1 62
124. If C is the middle point of AB and P is any
( )
r r
1 + 1 + 2 a b Cosθ = 1 pointuuu outside
r uuur AB, uuurthen uuur uuur uuur
1 + 1 + 3 (1 ⋅1 ⋅ Cosθ ) = 1 (a) PA + PB = PC (b) PA + PB = 2PC
2Cosθ = 1 − 2 (c) PA + PB = − PC (d) PA + PB = −2PC
1 AMU-2008
Cosθ = − Ans. (b) : According to question,
2 uuur uuur uuur
2π PA = PC + CA
Cosθ = Cos uuur uuur uuur
3 PB = PC + CB
2π uuur uuur uuuur uuur uuur
θ=
3
PA + PB = 2PC + CA + CB
uuuur
( ) uuur uuuur
r
122. If a is a non-zero vector of magnitude a, then = 2PC (Since, CA = −CB )
r uuur uuur
ma is a unit vector if Q CA + CB = 0
1 uuur uuur uuuur
(a) m = ±1 (b) a = And PA + PB = 2PC
|m| r
r
(c) a =| m | (d) a = m 125. If a = $i − $j − k,b $ = 2i$ − 3j$ + k$ and p1, p2 are the
r r r
SCRA-2014 orthogonal projection vectors of a on b and b
Ans. (b) : on a respectively, then
r
a = a, ma is non-zero (p1 + p2)⋅⋅(p1 – p2) =
r 46 25
ma is unit vector (a) − (b)
r 21 7
ma = 1 44 88
r (c) (d) −
m a =1 7 21
m a =1 AP EAMCET-22.04.2019, Shift-II
1 Ans. (d) : Let,
a= r r
m a = $i − $j − k$ and b = 2i$ − 3j$ + k$
Therefore,
123. The unit vector which is orthogonal to the r
r ar ⋅ b
vector î + ˆj + kˆ and is coplanar with vectors
î + 2jˆ − kˆ and 2iˆ + ˆj + 3kˆ , is
( )(
P1 = r $i − $j − k$ ⋅ 2i$ − 3j$ + k$
b
)
r 2 + 3 −1 4
î + 5jˆ − 6kˆ î + 3jˆ − kˆ P1 = =
(a) (b) 14 14
62 11 And,
î + 7ˆj î + 2jˆ + kˆ
(c)
50
(d)
6
r r $ $ $
P2 = r =
( )(
a ⋅ b i − j − k ⋅ 2i − 3j + k
$ $ $
) =
2 + 3 −1 4
=
AMU-2018 a 1 + 1 + 1 3 3
Now,
Ans. (a) : Let the vector be a $i + b $j + c k$
(P1 + P2) (P1 – P2)
According to question,
 4 4  4 4 
(ai$ + b$j + ck) $ ⋅ (i$ + $j + k)
$ =0 = +  − 
a+b+c=0 ....(i)  14 3  14 3
2 2
Also it is coplanar with $i + 2$j – k$ and 2i$ + $j + 3k$  4   4  16 16
=  −  = 14 − 3
a b c  14   3 
1 2 −1 = 0 48 − 224 −176 −88
= = =
2 1 3 42 42 21

r r r
126. Let a , b , c be three non-coplanar vectors and Ans. (c) : Given,
r r r r r r
r b×c r c×a r a×b a$ and b$ are two unit vector
a' = r r r ,b' = r r r ,c' r r r ⋅ The length of
[ab c] [ab c] [ab c] Now,
r
the altitude of the parallelepiped formed by a ', a$ + b$ = 1
r r
b ', c ' as coterminous edges, with respect to
r r 2
the base having a ' and c ' as its adjacent sides a$ + b$ =1
is
r
(a) | a | (b) r
1 a$ + b$ ⋅ a$ + b$ = 1 ( )( )
|b|
a + b + 2a$ ⋅ b$ = 1
2 2
r 1
(c) | c | (d) r r
|a×c| 1 + 1 + 2a$ ⋅ b$ = 1
AP EAMCET-22.04.2019, Shift-II 2a$ ⋅ b$ =1 − 2
Ans. (b) : Suppose that the length of altitude is h.
Let, 2a$ ⋅ b$ = −1
r rr rr r rr r 2 Now,
r r r  b × cc × aa × b  abc 
r r   = rr r  3 = rr r
 1
a '× c ' × h = a 'b 'c ' = ( )( )
2
rr r 3 a$ ⋅ b$ = a$ − b$ ⋅ a$ ⋅ b$
abc   abc   abc 

    2 2
Now, = a$ + b$ − 2a$ ⋅ b$ = 1 + 1 – (–1) = 1+ 1 + 1 = 3
{( ) ( )}
r r r r r r
a '× c ' = b × c × a × b Therefore,
rr r r a$ − b$ = 3
( )
abc b 1
h = r r r 2 = rr r r r r
abc  abc 129. a, b, c are three vectors such that
  r r r rr
r | a | = 1, | b | = 2, | c | = 3 and b.c = 0. If the
b h=1 projection of b along a is equal to the
r r r r r
1 projection of c along a , then | 2a + 3b – 3c | =
h= r
b (a) 3 (b) 22
r r r (c) 9 (d) 11
127. Let a , b , c be three non-coplanar vectors. Let
Si(i = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) denote the six scalar triple
products formed by all possible permutations Ans. (d) : We have,
r
r r r r r
a =1, b = 2, c = 3
of a , b , c . If $i, $j, k,
$ are randomly chosen
distinct numbers from 1 to 6 and is And,
S S S S r r
x = i + k , y = i − k , then x2 + y2 = b⋅c= 0
S j Sl S j Sl
Now,
(a) 1 (b) 4
2a + 3b − 3c
(c) 8 (d) 2
AP EAMCET-22.04.2019, Shift-II r2 r2 r2 r r r r r r
= 4 a + 9 b + 9 c + 12a ⋅ b − 18b ⋅ c − 12a ⋅ c
Ans. (b) : We know that,
rr r r r r r
S1 = S2 = S3 = ....... = S6 = abc = 4 + 9 ( 4 ) + 9 ( 9 ) + 12a ⋅ b − 0 − 12a ⋅ c
Therefore, r r r r
= 4 + 36 + 81 + 12a ⋅ b − 12a ⋅ c
S 
2 2 r r r
S 
x 2 + y 2 = 2  i  + 2  k  = 2 (1) + 2 (1) = 4 Q Projection of b along a is equal to projection of c
2 2
S  r
 j  Sl  along a
r r r r
128. If the sum of two unit vectors is a unit vector, a ⋅b a ⋅c
then the magnitude of their difference is r = r
a a
(a) 2 units (b) 2 units r r r r
a⋅b = a⋅c
(c) 3 units (d) 5 units r r r r
WB JEE-2017 = 121 + 6a ⋅ b − 6a ⋅ b = 121 = 11

130. For a non-zero real number x, if the points with 132. If O is any point OA + OB + OC + OD = xOE ,
position vectors then find x, given that ABCD is quadrilateral,
(x − u)i$ + xj$ + xk, $ xi$ + (x − v)j$ + xk,$ E is the point of intersection of the line joining
$ $ $ the mid-points of opposite sides.
xi + xj + (x − w)k and (a) 4 (b) 3 (c) 5 (d) 9
( x − 1) i + (x − 1)j + (x − 1)k are coplanar, then
$ $ $ AP EAMCET-22.09.2020, Shift-II
(a) u + v + w = 1 (b) uvw = 1 Ans. (a) : Suppose P, Q, R and S are the mid-point of
sides of a quadrilateral ABCD respectively,
1 1 1 r
(c) + + =1 (d) uv + vw + uw = 1 uuur ar + b
u v w P = mid-point of AB =
AP EAMCET-22.04.2019, Shift-I 2
r r
Ans. (c) : Given, uuur b+c
uuur Q = mid-point of BC =
OA = ( x − u ) i + x j + xk
$ $ $ 2
r
uuur uuur cr + d
OB = xi + ( x − v ) j + xk
$ $ $ R = mid-point of CD =
uuur 2
r
OC = xi$ + x$j + ( x − w ) k$ uuur ar + d
uuur S = mid-point of AD =
And , OD = ( x − 1) $i + ( x − i ) $j + ( x − 1) k$ 2
r r r r
Here, a + b c + d r r r r
uuur +
a+b+c+d
DA = (1 − u ) i + j + k
$ $ $ mid-point of PR = 2 2 =
uuur 2 4
DB = i + (1 − v ) j + k
$ $ $ r r
a+d b+c
r r
And, +
uuur mid-point of SQ = 2 2
DC = $i + $j + (1 − w ) k$ 2
r r r r
Q Points are collinear, a+b+c+d
uuur uuur uuur =
 DA DB DC  = 0 4
  Therefore, E = mid-point of PR = mid-point of
1 − u 1 1  SQ
r r
 1 1− v  uuur ar + b + cr + d
 1  = 0 ∴ OE =
 1 1 1 − w  4
uuur r r r r
On solving this, we get - OE = a + b − c+d
1 1 1 Therefore,
+ + =1 uuur uuur uuur uuur uuur
u v w OA + OB + OC + OD = 4OE
r r uuur uuur
131. Let u and v be two vectors in R2. If xOE = 4OE
r r 2 r 2 r 2
| u + v | = 2(| u | + | v | ), then ....... x=4
r r uuur r uuur r
(a) u = v 133. In quadrilateral ABCD, AB = a , BC = b .
r r uuur r
(b) u and v need not be same but they have r
AD = b – a if M is the midpoint of BC and N
same direction
r r r uuur  4  uuuur
(c) u and v need not be same but they have the is a point on DM such that DN =   DM ,
opposite direction 5
r r uuur
(d) u = 2 v then 5 AN =
AP EAMCET-22.09.2020, Shift-II uuur uuur
(a) AC (b) 2 AC
Ans. (a) : Given, uuur uuur
(c) 3 AC (d) 4 AC
r r2
(
u + v =2 u + v
r2 r2
) AP EAMCET-21.09.2020, Shift-II
r2 r2 rr r2 r2 Ans. (c) : Given quadrilateral ABCD,
u + v + 2uv = 2 u + 2 v uuur uuur uuur r r
r 2 r 2 rr AB = a, BC = b, AD = b – a
u + v = 2uv uuuur b
r
r2 r2 rr Therefore, According to the question, BM =
u + v − 2u.v = 0 2
r r 2 And,
(u – v) = 0 uuur
r r DN 4  uuur  4  uuuur 
u – v=0 r=
r r uuuu since, DN =   DM 
u = v NM 1  5 

Therefore, ax ay az
uuur uuur 4 uuuur uuur
AN − AD = AM − AN ( ) bx by bz = 0
uuur uuuu1r uuur cx cy cz
5AN = 4AM + AD
r
r b r r a 1 1
(
= 4 a +  + b − a
2
) substituting values we have, 1 b 1 = 0

r r r r r r uuuur 1 1 c
= 4a + 2b + b – a = 3 (a + b) = 3AC
R2 → R2 → R1 and R3 → R3 → R1
134. Let ABCDEF be a regular hexagon with the
vertices A, B, C, D, E, F counter clock-wise. a 1 1
uuur uuur uuur uuur
Then the vector AB + AF + CD + EF is 1− a b −1 0 = 0
equal to 1− a 0 c −1
uuur uuur uuur
(a) DE + (b) CB + ED a (b – 1) (c – 1) – (1 – a) (c – 1) – (1 – a) (b – 1) = 0
uuur uuur uuur uuur
(c) BC + FA (d) BC + DE Diving by (1 – a) (1 – b) (1 – c), we get -
AP EAMCET-21.09.2020, Shift-II a 1 1
+ + =0
Ans. (d) : Given, 1 − a 1 − b 1 − c
A regular hexagon ABCDEF, 1 1 1 a 1 1
+ + = + +
Now, as we know that, 1− a 1− b 1− c 1− a 1− b 1− c
AB + BC + CD = AD = 2BC 1 1 1 a 1 1
+ + − − − =0
1− a 1− b 1− c 1− a 1− b 1− c
1 a
− =1
1− a 1− a
1 1 1 1 a
+ + = − =1
1− a 1− b 1− c 1− a 1− a
136. If ABCDEF is a regular hexagon inscribed in a
Therefore, circle with center ‘O’ then
uuur uuur uuur uuur uuur uuur uuur uuur
AB + CD = BC ....(i) AB + AC + AD + AE + AF equal
uuur uuur
Similarly, (a) 4AO (b) 5AO
uuur uuur uuur uuur
AF = CD ....(ii) (c) 6AO (d) 8AO
And we know that, AP EAMCET-05.10.2021, Shift-II
uuur uuur uur uuur uuur
CD + DE + EF = CF = 2DF Ans. (c) : Let,
uuur uur uuur
CD + EF = DE ....(iii)
From equation (i) and (iii), we get -
uuur uuur uuur uur uuur uuur
AB + CD + CD + EF = BC + DE
uuur uuur uuur uur uuur uuur
AB + AF + CD + EF = BC + DE (from equation (ii))
135. If the vectors
$ î + bjˆ + kˆ and î + ˆj + ckˆ are uuur uuur uuur uuur uuur
aiˆ + ˆj + k, AC = AB + BC = AB + AO
coplanar, where ( a,b,c ≠ 1) , then the value of AE = AF + FE = AF + AO
1 1 1 Therefore,
+ + = uuur uuur uuur uuur uuur uuur
1− a 1− b 1− c AC + AE = AB + AF + 2AO = 3AO Again,
uuuur uuur
(a) 2 (b) 0 AD = 2AO
(c) –1 (d) 1 Therefore,
AP EAMCET-17.09.2020, Shift-II uuur uuur uuur uuur uuur uuur
AC + AD + AE = 3AO + 2AO = 5AO
Ans. (d) : Given vectors, Also,
uuur uuur uuuur uuur uuur
$ $i + b$j + k$ and $i + $j + ck$
ai$ + $j + k, AB + AF = AB + BO = AO
For, coplanar vectors, Therefore,
r r r uuur uuur uuur uuur uuur uuur uuur uuur
a ⋅ b×c = 0 AB + AC + AD + AE + AF = 5AO + AO = 6AO

137. If the projection of 5iˆ – ˆj – 3kˆ on the vector 139. If origin is the ortho-center of an equilateral
r r r
î + 3jˆ + λ kˆ is same as the projection of triangle whose vertices are a, b,c then
r r r r r r
(a) a + b = c (b) a + b = − c
î + 3jˆ + λ kˆ on 5iˆ – ˆj – 3k, ˆ then λ =
r2 r2 r2 r r r
(c) a = b = c (d) a = b = c
(a) ±4 (b) ±3
(c) ±5 (d) ±1 AP EAMCET-06.07.2022, Shift-I
J&K CET-2016 Ans. (b) : For an equilateral triangle ortho-center and
Ans. (c) : We have, centroid lies at the same point.
r
r Let, d be the position vector of ortho-center.
$ $
a = 5i − j − 3k $
Then,
r r
And, $ $
b = i + 3j + λ k $ r ar + b + cr
r r d =
r
Projection of vector a on b = r
( )
r a ⋅b r
Given, d is at origin,
3
b r r r
a+b+c
0=
5 − 3 − 3λ 2 − 3λ 3
= = r r r
1+ 9 + λ 2
10 + λ 2 a + b = −c
r r r
Projection of b on a , 140. Let x ∈R and log2 x > 0. Then the vectors A =
r
r r (2, log2 x, s). B = (log2 x, s, log2 x) include an
b⋅a 2 − 3λ 2 − 3λ
= r = = acute angle if
a 25 + 1 + 9 35 (a) s > 1 (b) s > –1
(c) s = –1 (d) s < –1
According to question,
2 − 3λ 2 − 3λ
= . Ans. (b): Given,
ur
10 + λ 2
35 A = 2i$ + ( log 2 x ) $j + sk$
10 + λ 2 = 35 ur
B = ( log 2 x ) $i + s$j + ( log 2 x ) k$
On squaring both side, we get– Let, the angle between A and B be θ, then,
10 + λ2 = 35 r r
2 A ⋅ B 2log 2 x + s log 2 x + s log 2 x
λ = 35 – 10 cos θ = r r = r r
2 A B A B
λ = 25
λ=±5 'θ' will be acute angle if cosθ > 0
r r
138. If a =(p, –2, 5) and b = (1, q, –3) are collinear i.e. 2 log 2 xr+ 2slog r 2x
>0
vectors then A B
5 6 −5 −6 2log2x + 2slog2x > 0
(a) p = ,q = (b) p = ,q =
3 5 3 5 2 log2 xs+1 > 0
5 −6 −5 6 xs+1 > 20
(c) p = ,q = (d) p = ,q = xs + 1 > 1
3 5 3 5 xs+1 > x0
1+s>0 [Since,2log 2 x > 0always]
Ans. (d) : We have,
r r r r s > – 1
a = (p, –2, 5) and b = (1, q, – 3) a and b are 141. Let ABCDEF be a regular hexagon with the
collinear if, vertices A,B,C,D,E,F counterclockwise. Then
uuur uuur
$ $
(
$ $
)
$
pi − 2 j + 5k = λ i + q j − 3k $ the vector AB + BC is equal/parallel to
uuur uuur uuur uuur
(a) BC + AB (b) CD + DE
Comparing on both sides, uuur uur uur uuur
5 = λ (–3) (c) AF + FE (d) FE + ED
5 AP EAMCET-23.08.2021, Shift-I
λ=−
3 Ans. (d): Given,
−5
p=λ= and λq = –2
3
5 6
− ×q=− 2 , q=
3 5
−5 6
Therefore, p = , q=
3 5
uuur uuur uuur uur uuur uuur r
AB + BC = AC, and FE + ED = FD 144. Let α ∈ R and three vectors a = αiˆ + ˆj + 3k, ˆ
uuur r r
Since, ABCDEF is regular hexagon AC must be ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ
b= 2i + j − αk and c = αi − 2j + 3k . Then, the set
uuur
parallel to FD , S = (α : a, b and c are coplanar)
uuur uuur uur uuur
Therefore, AB + BC is parallel to FE + ED (a) is singleton
(b) is empty
142. If ∆ O AC,
uuur if B is the midpoint of side AC and
uuur (c) contains exactly two positive numbers
r uuur r
OA = a, OB = b then OC = (d) contains exactly two numbers only one of
r r r r which is positive.
(a) 2b – a (b) b – 2a
r r r r JEE Main 12.04.2019, Shift-II
(c) a – 2b (d) a – b Ans. (b) : We have,
AP EAMCET-23.08.2021, Shift-I Three vectors are -
uuur r uuur r r r
Ans. (a): We have, OA = a, OB = b a =α$i + $j + 3k,$ b = 2i$ + $j − α k$ and cr =α$i − 2$j + 3k$
Clearly,
α 1 3
r r r
a b c  = 2 1 −α
 
α −2 3
2
In ∆ OAB, = α(3 – 2α) – 1 (6 + α ) + 3 (–4 – α)
uuur uuur uuur = –3α2 – 18
OA
uuur + AB + BO = 0 = – 3 (α2 + 6)
r uuuur
AB = – a – BO Q There is no value of α for which –3 (α2 + 6) becomes
r r
= – a – (–b) zero,
r r uuur r uuur r r r r
=–a+b Q OB = b,∴BO = − b  So, [a b c ] ≠ 0
r r
r r  r
uuur uuur Vectors a, b and c are not coplanar for any value α ∈
Since, AC = 2AB = 2 b –2 a R
Now, In ∆ OAC,
uuur uuur uuur r r r
So, the set S = [α : a, b and c are coplanar] is empty
OA + AC + CO =uuu 0r set.
r r r
auuur+ 2 b r– 2 a – OC = 0 r r r
r 145. Let three vectors a, b and c be such that
OC = 2 b – a r r r r r r
r ˆ ˆ r ˆ ˆ ˆ r c is coplanar with a and b, a. c = 7 and b is
143. Let a = i − j, b = i + j + k and c be a vector such r r
r r r r r r perpendicular to c , where a = − î + ˆj + kˆ and
that a × c + b = 0 and a . c = 4, then | c |2 is r r r r
equal to b = 2iˆ + kˆ , then the value of 2| a + b + c |2 is ...
19 17
(a) 8 (b) (c) 9 (d) JEE Main 24.02.2021, Shift-I
2 2 Ans. (75) : We have,
JEE Main 09.01.2019, Shift-I r r r
c is coplanar with a and b
Ans. (b) : Let, r r
r r r a ⋅c=7
(a × c) + b = 0 r r
r r r r r b⊥ c
a × (a × c) + a × b = 0 r r
b ⋅ c =0
$i $j k$ r r
r r r r r r a = − $i + $j + k$ , b = 2i$ + k$
( a ⋅ c ) a − ( a ⋅ a ) c + 1 −1 0 = 0 Now,
r r r
r
1 1 1
r r r r r r r r
r
(
c =λ  b× a × b 
 ) 
[Q a × (b × c) = (a . c)b – (a . b)c] r r r
[ Q c is coplanar with a and b ]
( ) ( r
)
4 $i − $j − 2c + −$i − $j + 2k = 0 r r r r r r
= λ [( b . b ) a – ( a . b ) b ]
r r r r
( )( )
r2
Q a ⋅ a = $i − $j $i − $j = 1 + 1 = 2 and a ⋅ c = 4 
   ( )
= λ 5 −$i + $j + k$ + 2i$ + k$ 

[Q b = 5 ]
( )
r $ $ $ $ $
2c = 4i − 4 j − i − j + 2k $
= λ −3i + 5j + 6k$ $
r 3i$ − 5j$ + 2k$ Now,

c= r r
2 c .a = 7
r 2 9 + 25 + 4 19
c =
4
=
2
( )( )
λ −3i$ + 5j$ + 6k$ ⋅ − $i + $j + k$ = 7

7 1 148. Let a, b and c be three unit vectors such that a
λ= = + b + c = 0. If λ = a.b + b.c + c.a and d = a × b
14 2
Therefore, + b × c + c × a, then the ordered pair, (λ λ, d) is
2 equal to
r r r2  −3  5 
2 a + b + c = 2  − 1 + 2  $i +  +1 $j + ( 3 + 1 + 1) k$ 3
(a)  , 3b × c 
  3
(b)  − , 3c × b 

 2  2  2   2 
r r r
[By putting a, b, c ]  3   3 
(c)  , 3a × c  (d)  − , 3a × b 
 1 49  2   2 
= 2  + + 25  = 25 + 50 = 75
4 4  JEE Main 07.01.2020, Shift-II
Therefore, required value is 75. Ans. (d) :
r r
ˆ b and cr = ˆj − kˆ be three vectors
146. Let a = î + ˆj + k, We have three unit vectors a, b and c such that a + b + c
r r r rr =0
such that a × b = c and a.b = 1. If the length of If we do not product in equation (i) with a, b and c, then
r
projection vector of the vector b on the vector we get relations,
r r a .a + a.b + a.c = 0
a × c is l, then the value of 3l2 is equal to .....
JEE Main 27.07.2021, Shift-I a .b + a.c = – 1, b .a + b. c = – 1
And c.a + c.b = –1
Ans. (2) : Let,
r r r On adding above three obtained relations, we get -
a × b=c 2 (a.b + b.c + c.a) = – 3 (Q a .b = b.a)
r r r r
( )
a×b ×c = c =2 λ = a ⋅b+b⋅c+c⋅a =−
3
Now, 2
If we do cross product in equation (i) with a, b and c,
$i $j k$ then we get -
r r 0 + a ×b + a×c = 0
a ×c= 1 1 1 = − 2i$ + $j + k$
a×b+a×c=0
0 1 −1 b×a+b×c=0
r r c×a+c×b=0
a×c = 6
Therefore, a × b + b × c + c × a = 3(a × b)
Now, required length of projection = 3(b × c)
r r r
b⋅ a×c
l= r r =
( 2) = 3(c × a)
Therefore, d = 3a × b = 3b × c = 3c × a
a×c 6 From the given options the ordered pair,
( λ,d ) =  − ,3a × b 
Hence, 3l2 = 2 3
r r r  2 
147. If the vectors c, a = xiˆ + yjˆ + zkˆ and b = ˆj are
r r r 149. Let u, v, w be such that |u| = 1, |v| = 2, |w| = 3. If
such that a, c and b form a right handed the projection v along u is equal to that of w
r along u and v, w are perpendicular to each
system, then c is
other, then |u – v + w| equal to
(a) ziˆ − xkˆ (b) 0
ˆ (a) 2 (b) 7
(c) yj (d) − ziˆ + xkˆ
(c) 14 (d) 14
AIEEE-2002 Jamia Millia Islamia-2011
r r r
Ans. (a) : Vectors a, c, b form a right handed system, AIEEE-2004
So, Ans. (c) : Given,
r r r u =1 , v = 2 , w = 3
c = b× a
Now, Projection of v along u
r v⋅u
a = xi$ + y$j + 2k$ = ....(i)
r u
b = $j
wu
Cross product is given - And projection of w along u = ....(ii)
u
$i $j k$
r r According to given condition, we get -
b×a = 0 1 0 v ⋅ u wu
=
x y z u u
u.v = w.u
= $i ( z − 0 ) − $j( 0 − 0 ) + k$ ( 0 − x ) = zi$ − xk$
According v, w are perpendicular to each other
r ∴
So, the value of vector c is zi$ − xk$ v.w = 0 ....(iii)

2 2 2 2 r
u − v + w = u + v + w – 2u.v – 2v.w + 2uw b = 9 + 25 + 2
2 r
u − v − w =1 + 4 + 9 − 2u ⋅ v + 2u ⋅ v b=6
[Q From equation (i) and (ii)] 152. Let the vectors a, b, c be such that |a| = 2, |b| = 4
2
u − v + w =1 + 4 + 9 and |c| = 4. If the projection of b on a is equal to
the projection of c on a and b is perpendicular
u − v + w = 14 to c, then the value of |a+b–c| is .....
150. Let u be a vector coplanar with the vectors JEE Main 05.09.2020, Shift-II
a = 2iˆ + 3jˆ − kˆ and b = ˆj + k. ˆ If u Ans. (6) : Given,
is r r r
2 a, b,c such that,
perpendicular to a and u. b = 24, then |u| is
equal to r r r
(a) 336 (b) 315 (c) 256 (d) 84 a = 2, b = 4and c = 4
r r
JEE Main-2018 Projection of vector b on vector a is equal to the
Ans. (a) : Therefore, u = λa + µb r r
projection of vector c on vector a
Dot product with a, we get - r r r r
u ⋅ a =λ ( a ⋅ a ) + µ ( b ⋅ a ) b⋅ a = c⋅ a
r r
0 = 14λ + 2µ ....(i) Since, vector b is perpendicular to vector c
r r
since, a =2i$ + 3j$ − k, $ b = $j + k, $ u ⋅ a = 0 b⋅c = 0
  Now, substitute the value,
Dot product with b, we get - r r r2 r r r r
u ⋅ b = λ (a ⋅ b) + µ (b ⋅ b)
2 2 2
( )
a + b − c = ( 2) + ( 4) + ( 4) − 2 a ⋅ b − 0 − a ⋅ b
r r r r
24 = 2λ + 2µ ....(ii) ( )
= 4 + 16 + 16 – 2 a ⋅ b − a ⋅ b = 36 – 2 (0) = 36
[Q u.b = 24] Take square root on both side,
On solving equation (i) and (ii), we get -
( )
r r r 2
λ = –2, µ = 14 a + b − c = 36
Dot product with u, we get - r r r
u = λ(u ⋅ a ) + µ(u ⋅ b) a +b−c = 6
2
u = − 2 ( 0 ) + 14 ( 24 )
2
153. a, b and c be three unit vectors such that |a–b|2
2
+ |a–c|2 = 8. Then |a+2b|2 + |a–2c|2 is equal to .....
So, u = 336
r r r r JEE Main 02.09.2020, Shift-I
151. Let a = î + ˆj + 2 k,
ˆ b = b î + b ˆj + 2kˆ and
1 2 Ans. (2) : We have,
r
c = 5iˆ + ˆj+ 2kˆ be three vectors such that the Unit vectors a, b and c
2 2
projection vector of b on a is a. If a + b is a −b + a −c =8
perpendicular to c, then |b| is equal to 2 2 2 2
(a) 6 (b) 4 (c) 22 (d) 32 a + b − 2ab + a + c − 2ac = 8
r
JEE Main 09.01.2019, Shift-II
r −2 [ ab + ac] = 4
Ans. (a) : Projection of b on a ab + ac = –2 ....(i)
r r
b⋅a r Now,
∴ r = a 2 2
a a + 2b + a + 2c
2 2 2 2
b1 + b 2 + 2 = a + 4 b + 4ab + a + 4 c + 4ac
= 1+1+ 2
1+1+ 2 = 10 + 4 [ab + ac]
b +b =2 ....(i) = 10 + 4 (–2) [From equation (i)]
r 1r 2 r
Since, a + b is perpendicular to c = 10 – 8 = 2
So, 154. Let x be a vector in the plane containing
r r r
( )
a + b ⋅c=0 vectors a = 2iˆ − ˆj + kˆ and b = î + 2 ˆj − kˆ . If the
r r r r
a ⋅c+ b⋅c= 0 (
vector x is perpendicular to 3iˆ + 2 ˆj − kˆ and its )
(5+ 1 + 2) + (5b1 +b2 + 2) = 0 17 6
5b1 + b2 = – 10 ....(ii) projection on a is , then the value of |x|2
2
From equation (i) and (ii) - is equal to ..... .
b1 = – 3, b2 = 5
r
b = − 3i$ + 5j$ + 2k$ JEE Main 17.03.2021, Shift-II
Therefore, Ans. (486) : Given,
r
x = λa + µb, where λ and µ are scalars. r r r d
∴ Projection of a on d = a. r
( ) (
x = λ 2i$ − $j + k$ + µ $i + 2$j − k$ ) d
x = $i ( 2λ + µ ) + $j ( 2µ − λ ) + k$ ( λ − µ ) 1 × ( 2 − λ ) + 2 × 6 + 1 × ( −2 )
=1
(
Q x is perpendicular to 3i$ + 2$j − k$ ) ( 2 − λ ) + 6 2 + ( −2 )
2 2
(12 − λ ) = ( 2 − λ ) + 40
2 2
Then,
( )
x ⋅ 3i$ + 2$j − k$ = 0 On solving, we get–
λ =5
3λ + 8µ = 0 ....(i)
157. If a, b and c are three non-zero vectors such
17 6 that no two of these are collinear. If the vector
Also, given projection of x on a is
2 a + 2b is collinear with c and b + 3c is collinear
Therefore, with a (λ λ being some non-zero scalar). then a +
2b + 6c equal to
x ⋅ a 17 6
= (a) λa (b) λb (c) λc (d) 0
a 2 AIEEE-2004
2 (2λ + µ) + (λ – 2µ) + (λ – µ) = 51 Ans. (d) : If a + 2b is collinear with c, then
6λ – µ = 51 ....(ii) a + 2b = tc ....(i)
From equation (i) and (ii), Also, b + 3c is collinear with a, then
λ = 8, µ = –3 b + 3c = λa
Therefore, b = λa – 3c ....(ii)
x =13i$ − 14$j + 11k$ From equation (i) and (ii), we get -
a + 2 (λa – 3c ) = tc
x = (13) + ( −14 ) + (11)
2 2 2
(a – 6c) = tc – 2λa
On comparing the coefficient of a and c, we get -
Therefore,
a = – 2λa
x = (13) + ( −14 ) + (11)
2 2 2 2
1
|x|2 = 486 λ=−
2
155. In a triangle ABC, if |BC| = 8, |CA| = 7, |AB| = And, –6=t
10, then the projection of the vector AB on AC t=–6
is equal to From equation (i), we get -
25 85 127 115 a + 2b = – 6c
(a) (b) (c) (d) a + 2b + 6c = 0
2 14 20 16
JEE Main 18.03.2021, Shift-II 158. If vectors a1 = xiˆ − ˆj + kˆ and a 2 = î + yjˆ + zkˆ are
JEE Main 20.07.2021, ShiftII collinear, then a possible unit vector parallel to
Ans. (b) : Given that, |AB| = 10, |BC| = 8, |CA| = 7 the vector xiˆ + yjˆ + zkˆ is
According to the question,
Projection of AB on AC = AB cosθ = 10cosθ
c +b −a
2 2 2
(a)
1
2
(
−ˆj + kˆ ) (b)
2
( )
1 ˆ ˆ
i−j
We know that, cosθ =
10 + 7 − 8
2 2
2bc
2
85
(c)
3
(
1 ˆ ˆ ˆ
i + j− k ) (d)
3
(
1 ˆ ˆ ˆ
)
i − j+ k
= = JEE Main 26.02.2021, Shift-II
2 × 7 ×10 140
So, projection of AB on AC = 10 cos θ = 10 ×
85 85
= Ans. (d) : Given that, a1 = xi$ − $j + k$
140 14
And, a 2 = i$ + y$j + zk$ are collinear,
156. If the projection of the vector î + 2jˆ + kˆ on the
x −1 1
sum of the two vectors 2iˆ + 4jˆ – 5kˆ and Then, = = = λ (say)
1 y z
−λ î + 2jˆ + 3kˆ is 1, then λ is equal to −1 1
JEE Main 26.08.2021, Shift-II This gives x = λ, y = λ , z = λ
Ans. (5) : Given,
r Then, unit vector parallel to vector xi$ + y$j + zk$ will be
a = î + 2ˆj + kˆ
r 
b = 2iˆ + 4ˆj − 5kˆ $  1 $  1  $ 
 (λ)i −  λ  j +  λ  k  ( ) ( )
λ 2 $i − $j + k$ λ λ 2 $i − $j + k$
    
=
r
c = −λî + 2ˆj + 3kˆ = =
r r r  − 1 
2
 1 
2
λ λ 4
+ 2 λ4 + 2
b + c = ( 2 − λ ) î + 6ˆj − 2kˆ = d (λ) +   +  
2
 λ  λ

Take, λ=1
($i − $j) on cr
Then, xiˆ + yjˆ + zkˆ =
( $i − $j + k$
) Now, the magnitude of the projection of ±
2
3 is,
159. The magnitude of the projection of the vector
ˆ ˆ ˆ = ± 
(
 .
$ $ $
 $i − $j  2i + 3j − 4k ) =
2−3
=
1
2i + 3j + k on the vector perpendicular to the  2  4 + 9 + 16
  2 29 58
plane containing the vectors î + ˆj + kˆ and r
r
î + 2jˆ + 3kˆ is 161. If a = 2iˆ + ˆj + 3k, ˆ b = 3iˆ + 3jˆ + kˆ and
r
c = c1 î + c 2 ˆj + c 3 kˆ are coplanar vectors and
3 r r r r
(a) (b) 6 a ⋅ c = 5, b ⊥ c, then 122 (c1 + c2 + c3) is equal to
2
_______.
3 JEE Main-28.06.2022, Shift-I
(c) 3 6 (d) r r
2 Ans. (150) : a ⋅ c = 5 ⇒ 2c1 + c2 + 3c3 = 5 …(i)
JEE Main 08.04.2019 Shift-I r r
b ⋅ c = 0 ⇒ 3c1 + 3c 2 + c3 = 0 …(ii)
Ans. (d) : According to the question,
rrr
The vector perpendicular to the given vector is, And, a b c  = 0
 
$i $j k$
r c1 c 2 c3
a=1 1 1 2 1 3 =0
1 2 3 3 3 1
r
$ $
a =i − 2j + k $ ⇒ 8c 1 − 7c2 − 3c3 = 0 …(iii)
r r By solving equation (i), (ii), (iii), we get-
r r a⋅b 10 −85 225
Projection of b on a = r c1 = , c2 = , c3 =
a 122 122 122
∴ 122 (c1 + c2 + c3) = 150
=
( )(
$i − 2$j + k$ ⋅ 2i$ + 3j$ + k$
) =
2 − 6 +1
=
3
=
3
162. If the position vectors of A, B, C are
î – 2jˆ + k,
ˆ 2iˆ + 3jˆ and 2iˆ – k,
ˆ then
respectively
6 6 6 2
r r the projection of AB on BC is equal to
160. If a = î + ˆj+ k, ˆ b = î + ˆj + 2kˆ and cr = 2iˆ + 3jˆ – 4kˆ −14
r r (a) (b) 5 (c) 7 (d) 2
then the magnitude of the projection on c of a 10
unit vector that is perpendicular to both Manipal UGET-2017
r r
a and b is
Ans. (a) : given, i − 2 j + k , 2i + 3j and 2i$ − k$
$ $ $ $ $
1 1
(a) (b) Q AB = î + 5ˆj − kˆ
29 3 6
And, BC = −3jˆ − kˆ
1 3
(c) (d) Therefore,
58 29 AB.BC
AP EAMCET-23.04.2019, Shift-I Projection of AB on BC =
| BC |
Ans. (c) : Given that,
r
a = $i + $j + k$ =
(ˆ ˆ )(
ˆ
i + 5j − k −3j − k )
ˆ ˆ
=
−15 + 1
=−
14
r
( −3) + ( −1)
2 2
b = $i + $j + 2k$ 10 10
r 163. If the projection of PQ on OX, OY, OZ are
c = 2i$ + 3j$ − 4k$
respectively 12, 3 and 4, then the magnitude of
$i $j k$ PQ is
r r (a) 169 (b) 19
Then, a × b = 1 1 1 (c) 13 (d) 144
1 1 2 Manipal UGET-2017
uuur
Ans. (c) : As given that the projection of PQ on OX,
$i ( 2 − 1) − $j ( 2 − 1) + k$ (1 − 1) = $i − $j
OY, OZ are respectively 12, 3 and 4, 30,
r r uuur
So, unit vector perpendicular to both a and b is, PQ =12i$ + 3j$ + 4k$
( ) $i − $j uuur
So, | PQ |= (12 ) + (3)2 + (4) 2
2
=±
2 = 144 + 9 + 16 = 169 = 13
164. Consider a tetrahedron ur ur with ur furaces Ans. (a) : Given,
r uuur uuur
F1 , F2 ,F3 , F4 Let V 1 , V 2 , V 3 , V 4 be the vectors P = AC + BD
uuur uuur uuur
whose magnitudes are respectively equal to = AC + BC + CD
areas of F1, F2, F3, F4 and whose directions are uuur uuur uuur
perpendicular to these faces in outward = AC + λ AD + CD
uuur uuur uuur
ur ur ur ur
direction, then | V1 + V 2 + V 3 + V 4 | equals (
= λ AD + AC + CD
uuur
)
(a) 1 (b) 4 = ( λ + 1) AD
(c) 0 (d) None of these r uuur
Manipal UGET-2010 But P = µ AD
Ans. (c) : µ = λ +1
According to the question, problem is 166. The area of a parallelogram with diagonals as
r r
represented in the figure, a = 3iˆ + ˆj – 2kˆ and b = î – 3jˆ + 4kˆ is
10
(a) 10 3 (b)
3
5
(c) 5 3 (d)
3
Manipal UGET-2018
Ans. (c) : Given,
r
Form figure, a = 3iˆ + ˆj − 2kˆ
r r
Area of V1 , b = î − 3jˆ + 4kˆ
r 1 r r Now,
2
(
V1 = a × b ) î ˆj kˆ
r r r
Area of V2 , a×b = 3 1 −2
r 1 r r
(
V2 = b × c
2 r
) 1 −3 4
= î ( 4 − 6 ) − ˆj (12 + 2 ) + kˆ ( −9 − 1)
Area of V3 ,
r = −2iˆ − 14ˆj − 10kˆ
1 r r
V3 = ( c × a ) Therefore, Area of required parallelogram,
2 r
1 r r
Area of V4 , = a×b
2
r 1 r r r r
2
( ) (
V4 =  a − b × c − b  )  =
1
4 + 196 + 100
2
1 r r r r r r
= a × c − b × c − a × b  10 3
2 = =5 3
r r r r 1 r r r r r r 2
Therefore, V1 + V2 + V3 + V4 = [a × b + b × c + c × a 167. The work done by the force 4iˆ – 3jˆ + 2kˆ in
2
r r r r r r moving a particle along a straight line from the
+a × c − b × c − a × b]
point (3, 2, –1) to (2, –1, 4) is
1 r r r r
= [c × a + a × c] (a) 0 unit (b) 4 unit
2 (c) 15 unit (d) 19 unit
1 r r r r
= [c × a − c × a ] Manipal UGET-2018
2 Ans. (c) : Given,
1 r
= [ 0] F = 4 î − 3jˆ + 2kˆ
2 r r r r Displacement
Therefore, V1 + V2 + V3 + V4 = 0
uuur uuuur ( ) (
( ∆x ) = x 2 − x1 = 2iˆ − ˆj + 4kˆ − 3iˆ + 2ˆj − kˆ )
165. In a trapezoid of the vector BC = λ AD . We
ur uuur uuur
will, then find that P = AC + BD is collinear (
= −î − 3jˆ + 5kˆ )
uuur ur uuur Work done = (Force × displacement)
with AD.If P = µ AD, then
(a) µ = λ + 1 (b) λ = µ + 1 ( )(
= 4iˆ − 3jˆ + 2kˆ . −î − 3jˆ + 5kˆ )
(c) λ + µ = 1 (d) µ = 2 + λ = (– 4 + 9 + 10)
Manipal UGET-2010 = 15unit.

168. A parallelogram is constructed on the vectors = 2a + 3b – c + t(3a + 4b – 2c – 2a – 3b + c)
r r
a = 3α – β,b = α + 3β. If | α |=| β |= 2 and the = 2a + 3buuu – rc +uuur
t(a + b – c) ....(i)
π Joining point the OC , OD is,
angle between α and β is , then length of a r uuuur uuur uuur
3 (
r = OC + s OD − OC , S ∈ R )
diagonal of the parallelogram is = a – 2b + 3c + s (a – 6b + 6c –a + 2b – 3c)
(a) 4 3 (b) 4 5 = a – 2b + 3c + s (–4b + 3c) ....(ii)
(c) 4 7 (d) None of these From equation (i), we get -
r
Manipal UGET-2018 r = ( 2 + t ) a + ( 3 + t ) b + ( −1 − t ) c
Ans. (c) : We have, From equation (ii), we get-
r r r
a = 3α − β , b = α + 3β r = (1 − 0 ) a + ( −2 − 4s ) b + ( 3 + 3s ) c
And, α =β=2 = a + (–2 – 4s)b + (3 + 3s) c
By comparing,
Therefore, 2+t=1
r r2 2
a + b = 4α + 2β t = 1 – 2 = –1
3 + t = –2 – 4s
2 2 π 3 – 1 = – 2 – 4s
=16 α + 4 β + 16 α β cos 2 = – 2 – 4s
3
1 – 2s = 4
=16 ( 4 ) + 4 ( 4 ) + 16 ( 2 × 2 ) × s = –1
2 Put t = – r1 in equation (i),
= 64 + 16 + 32
= 112 ∴ r = 2a + 3b − c − 1( a + b ) − c
r r =r 2a + 3b – c – a –b + c
So, a + b =4 7
r = a + 2b
169. If PQRST is a pentagon, then the resultant of 171. OABCD is a pentagon in which the sides OA
forces, PQ, PT, QR, SR, TS and PS is and CB are parallel and the sides OD and AB
(a) 3 PT (b) 3 PQ are parallel. Also, it is given
(c) 3PS (d) 0 OA OD 1
AP EAMCET-23.09.2020, Shift-I that = 2, = . If OA = a, OD = d, then
CB AB 3
Ans. (c) : According to the question the following of AD + OC + DC =
the figure is consider, 1
(a) d – a (b) a + b
2
1
(c) a + 2d (d) 6d
2
AP EAMCET-08.07.2022, Shift-II
Ans. (d) : We have,
OA = a, OD = d
= PQ + PT + QR + SR + TS + PS
= (PQ + QR) + (PT + TS) + (SR + PS)
= PR + PS + SR + PS
= (PR + SR) + 2PS
= PS + 2PS = 3PS
170. If a, b, c are non coplanar vectors, then the
point of intersection of the line passing through Also,
the points 2a + 3b – c, 3a + 4b – 2c with the line OA a
OA = 2CB ⇒ CB = =
joining the points a – 2b + 3c, a – 6b + 6c is 2 2
(a) a + b +c (b) a + 2b And,
a + 2b + c 3OD = AB ⇒ AB = 3d
(c) a + c (d) Now,
2
AP EAMCET-08.07.2022, Shift-II AD + OC + DC = (AO + OD) + (OA + AB + BC)
Ans. (b) uuur
: Given, + (DO + OA + AB + BC)
 a   a
OA = 2a + 3b – c
uuur = ( −a + d ) +  a + 3d −  +  −d + a + 3d − 
OB = 3a + 4b – 2c  2  2
uuur = 6d
OC = a – 2b + 3c 172. If the points
uuur r r r r
OD = a – 6b + 6c P = î + 2j,ˆ Q = 4iˆ + 6j, ˆ R = 5iˆ + 7j,S
ˆ = aiˆ + bjˆ
uuur uuur
r point OA , OB is,
Joining the are the consecutive vertices of a parallelogram
r = OA + t(OB – OA), t ∈ R PQRS, then

(a) a = 2, b = 4 (b) a = 3, b = 4 r 18 18
(c) a = 2, b = 3 (d) a = 3, b = 5 ⇒ c = ×5 =
25 5
Q c and b are collinear vectors,
Ans. (c) : Given,
r 18
P = $i + 2$j c= b
r 25
Q = 4i$ + 6$j r
r r
R = 5i$ + 7$j 174. If a = î + 2jˆ + 3k, ˆ b = 2iˆ + 3jˆ + k,ˆ
r r r r r
S = ai$ + b$j c = 8iˆ + 13jˆ + 9kˆ and xa + yb + zc = 0
xy
=
Then z 2
(a) –1 (b) – 6
(c) 6 (d) 1
Let, A be the point of intersection of diagonals PR and Ans. (c) : Given that,
QS, r
a = î + 2ˆj + 3kˆ
A is mid-point of PR and QS both r
Now, b = 2iˆ + 3jˆ + kˆ
r
 4 + a 6 + b   5 +1 7 + 2  c = 8iˆ + 13jˆ + 9kˆ
A= , =  , 
 2 2   2 2  And, r r
r
[Q A is the mid-point of PR] x a + y b + zc = 0 ….(A)
Also,
Putting the vector a, b,c in equation (A)
 4+a 6+b  9
A =
 2
,  =  3, 
2   2 ( ) ( ) ( )
x î + 2ˆj + 3kˆ + y 2iˆ + 3jˆ + kˆ + z 8iˆ + 13jˆ + 9kˆ = 0
r
4+a î ( x + 2y + 8z ) + ˆj ( 2x + 3y + 13z ) + k ( 3x + y + 9z ) = 0
= 3⇒ a = 2
2 Comparing,
6+b 9 x + 2y + 8z = 0 ….(i)
And =
2 2 2x + 3y + 13z = 0 ….(ii)
b=3 3x + y + 9z = 0 ….(iii)
Thus, (a, b) = (2, 3) Form equation (i) and (ii)
r r y + 3z = 0
173. If a = 4iˆ + 6j, ˆ b = 3jˆ + 4kˆ and c is the projection
y = – 3z
vector of a on b, then c and |c| respectively are Form equation (i) and (iii)
18 18 18 5x + 10z = 0
(a) b, (b) b,18 x + 2z = 0
25 5 5
25 18 5 5 x = – 2z
(c) b, (d) b, Then,
18 5 18 18 xy (–2z)(–3z)
AP EAMCET-08.07.2022, Shift-II =
Ans. (a) : Given vectors, z2 z2
r = (–2) (–3)
a = 4i$ + 6$j =6
r r r
b = 3j$ + 4k$ 175. Let a = î + xjˆ + k, ˆ b = î + ˆj + k,
ˆ
r r r r r r
Q c is the projection vector of a on b , and | a + b |=| a | + | b | Then,
r a.b
c= r =
( )(
r r 4i$ + 6$j ⋅ 3j$ + 4k$
) (a) x = 1
(c) x = 0
(b) x = – 1
(d) No such real x exits
b 32 + 42 AP EAMCET-07.07.2022, Shift-II
Ans. (a) : Given,
r 18 r r r r
c = $j | a + b |=| a | + | b |
5
r 18 Let,
c= r
a = î + xjˆ + kˆ
5
Now, r
r b = î + ˆj + kˆ
b =5 r r
Now, a + b = 2iˆ + ( x + 1) ˆj + 2kˆ
Then,
r
c 18 r 18 r 22 + (x + 1)2 + 22 = 12 + x 2 + 12 + 12 + 12 + 12
r = ⇒c= b
b 25 25 8 + (x + 1)2 = 2 + x 2 + 3

Squaring both side, 177. If a, b, c are unit vectors satisfying the relation
2 2
8 + (x+1) = 2 + x + 3 + 2 3 2+x 2 a + b + 3 c = 0, then the angle between a and b
is
8 + x2 + 1 + 2x = 5 + x2 + 2 3 2 + x2 π π
(a) (b)
3 + 1 + 2x = 2 3 2 + x2 6 4
π π
Squaring both side, (c) (d)
3 2
( )
2
(4 + 2x)2 = 2 3 2 + x2 TS EAMCET-2016
Ans.r (c) : Given,
16 + 4x2 + 16x = 4 × 3 × (2 + x2) r r
12x2 – 4x2 – 16x + 24 – 16 = 0 a+b=− 3 c
8x2 – 16x + 8 =0 On squaring above equation, we get–
x2 – 2x + 1= 0 r2 r2 r r r2
a + b + 2 a b cos θ = 3 c
x2 – x – x + 1 = 0
r r r
x(x–1) –1(x–1) = 0 1 + 1 + 2 (1) (1) cosθ = 3(1) [∵ a = b = c = 1]
(x–1) (x–1) = 0
1
x–1 = 0, x–1 = 0 cos θ =
x=1 2
176. M and N are the mid points of the sides BC and θ = π
CD 3
uuuurof uuur
a parallelogram ABCD respectively then
r r
AM + AN = 178. If a = î – 2jˆ – 2kˆ and b = 2iˆ – 3jˆ + k, ˆ then the
uuur uuur r r
1 2 component of b perpendicular to a is
(a) AC (b) AC
3
3 uuur
3
3 uuur
(a)
1 ˆ ˆ
3
(
4i − 5 j + 7kˆ )
(b)
1 ˆ
3
( )
8i − 13jˆ − kˆ
(c) AC (d) AC
4 2
(c)
2 ˆ ˆ
3
(
i − 2 j − 2kˆ ) (d)
1 ˆ ˆ
7
( )
i − 5j − 17kˆ
Ans. (d) : Suppose positive vector of A, B, C and D are TS EAMCET-19.07.2022, Shift-II
a, b, c, and d respectively, Ans. (a): Let,
r
a = $i − 2j$ − 2k$
r
b = 2i$ − 3j$ + k$
r r
The component of b ⊥ a is,
r r
uuur r b×a
=a×
( )
AB = b – a 2
uuur a
AD = d – a Now,
uuur uuur uuur
AC = AB + AD [Q parallelogram low of vector ] $i $j
=b–a+d–a k$
r r
c – a = b + d – 2a b × a = 2 −3 1
c=b+d–a 1 −2 −2
c+a=b+d ………(i) r r
b+c b × a = i ( 6 + 2 ) − $j ( −4 − 1) + k$ ( −4 + 3)
$
Position vector of M = r r
2 b × a = 8i$ + 5j$ − k$
c+d $i $j k$
And position vector of N =
2 r r r
uuuur uuur  b + c  c+d  (
Therefore, a × b × a = 1 −2 −2 )
AM + AN =  −a+ −a 8 5 −1
 2   2 
b + c − 2a + c + d − 2a = $i ( 2 + 10 ) − $j ( −1 + 16 ) + k$ ( 5 + 16 )
=
( )
2
b + d + 2c − 4a =12i$ − 15j$ + 21k$ = 3 4i$ − 5j$ + 7k$
=
2
c + a + 2c − 4a
$ $
(
a × ( b × a ) 3 4i − 5j + 7k
=
$
)
= [From equation (i)] a
2
(1 + 4 + 4 )
2
3c − 3a 3 3 uuur
=
2
= ( c − a ) = AC
2 2
1
3
(
= 4i$ − 5j$ + 7k$ )
179. If a, b and c be three non-coplanar vectors and (a) The orthogonal projection of b on a and
b×c 7
p, q and r be defined by p = , equal to
a. ( b × c ) 50
c×a a×b (b) The orthogonal projection of a on b and
q= , r= such that α = (a + b).
b. ( c × a ) c. ( a × b ) equal to
7
p + (b + c) . q + (c + a). r and 6
β=
( a + b ) . ( b + c ) × ( a + b + c ) , then α + β = (c) The orthogonal projection of b in the
b. ( a × c ) direction perpendicular to a and equal to
5
(a) 2 (b) 3 3
(c) 4 (d) 0 (d) The orthogonal projection of a in the
TS EAMCET-09.09.2020, Shift-I direction perpendicular to b and equal to
Ans. (a) : Given, 752
b×c 3
(a + b) ⋅ P = (a + b) ⋅
a ⋅ ( b × c) TS EAMCET-05.08.2021, Shift-II
Ans. (b): Given that:-
a ⋅ ( b × c) + b ⋅ ( b × c) r r
= b = 2iˆ − ˆj − k,
ˆ a = 3iˆ + 4jˆ − 5kˆ
a (b × c) r r
r r r a − kb
=
[abc] + [ bbc] (
b× a × b = ) l
[abc] r r r r r r r r
( ) ( )
l b ⋅ b a − l b ⋅ a b = a − kb .......(i)
=
[a.bc] Q [ bbc] = 0 Now,
[abc] r r
( b ⋅ b ) = ( 2iˆ − ˆj − kˆ )( 2iˆ − ˆj − kˆ )
=1
Similarly , (b + c) ⋅ q = (c + a) .r = 1 = ( 4 + 1 + 1) = 6
Therefore, α = 1 + 1+ 1 r r
=3 ( )(
b ⋅ a = 2iˆ − ˆj − kˆ 3iˆ + 4ˆj − 5kˆ )
Now, (a +b) ⋅ (b + c) × (a + b +c) =6–4+5=7
= [ a + b b + c a + b + c] From the equation (i),r werget–r
r
1 1 0 l ( 6 ) a − l ( 7 ) b = a − kb
r r r r
= 0 1 1 [abc] 6l a − 7l b = a − kb
1 1 1 On comparing both sides:-
= [1 (1 – 1) – 1 (0 – 1)] [abc] = [abc] 6l = 1
And b ⋅ (a × c) = [b ac] = – [abc] 1
∴ β=
[ abc ]
= −1
l=
6
− [abc ] And −7 l = − k
∴ α + β = 3 −1 7
α+β=2 k=
6r
180. If a, b band c are three non-collinear points and b = 6
and ka + 2b + 3c is a point in the plane of a, b, c
then k = So,
(a) 4 (b) 5 7
(c) –5 (d) –4
k 7
TS EAMCET-03.05.2019, Shift-I r = 6 =
Ans. (c) : We have, lb 1 6
6
a, b, c are three non – collinear points 6
ka + 2b + 3c is a point in the plane of a, b, c 182. The position vectors of the points A and B are
ka + 2b + 3c = 0 respectively î + 2jˆ and 2iˆ + ˆj + k.
ˆ If the points P
Direction ratio of (a, b, c) plane is (1, 1, 1) and Q are respectively the orthogonal
∴ k (1) + 2(1) + 3(1) = 0 projections of A and B on the plane x + y + z =
k+5=0 3, then PQ =
k=–5 2 2 3
r r (a) (b)
181. If b = 2iˆ − ˆj − k,aˆ = 3iˆ + 4jˆ − 5kˆ and 3 2
r r 5 7
r r r a − kb
(
b× a×b = ) l
k
then r is
lb
(c)
7
(d)
2

2 2
Ans. (a) : Given projections of A and B are P and Q and a = 9 = b
respectively
A(1, 2, 0) and B( 2, 1, 1)
Plane P : x + y + z = 3
∴ (
x − y = −î + 3jˆ ) 94 = 94 ( −î + 3jˆ )
4
So, x − y = 10
9
184. If a and b represent two non collinear vectors,
the equation r = ta + (1 – t) b represents
(a) a point on the third side of a triangle for
which a, b are two sides, only when 0 < t < 1
(b) a point on the line joining the points whose
position vectors are a and b
(c) a vector in the plane of a, b only when t > 1
Vector ⊥ r to plane P : is n = î + ˆj + kˆ (d) a vector in the plane parallel to the plane of a
∴ vector equation of line AP and BQ are and b, only when –1 < t < 1
( )
TS EAMCET 14.09.2020, Shift-II
AP = î + 2ˆj + λ î + ˆj + kˆ , BQ = 2iˆ + ˆj + kˆ Ans. (a) : Given,
(
+µ î + ˆj + kˆ ) r = ta + (1 − t ) b, where a and b are two
non collinear vector, r – b = t (a – b)
∴ Any point on line AP and BQ is
P (1 + λ, 2+λ, λ ) ,Q ( 2 + µ, 1+µ, 1+µ )
Point P and Q lies on the plane x + y + z = 3
∴ 1+ λ + 2 + λ + λ = 3 ⇒ λ = 0
−1
and 2 + µ +1+ µ +1+ µ = 3 ⇒ µ =
3
 −
 1 1 1 
Point P(1, 2, 0), Q  2 − 1 −   ,1 − ,1 − 
  3  3 3 Clearly, r is a point on the third side of triangle where a,
5 2 2 b are two sides of triangle when t ∈ [0, 1]
Q , ,  185. If (α, β , γ) is a triad of real numbers satisfying
3 3 3
∴ Distance between ( ) (
$i – 2j$ + 5k$ = α $i + $j + k$ +β $i + 2j$ + 3k$ +
)
( )
2 2 2
5  2  2  γ 2$i – $j + k$ , then α2 – β 2 + γ2 =
PQ =  − 1 +  − 2  +  − 0 
3  3  3  (a) 23 (b) 31
4 16 4 24 2 2 (c) 40 (d) – 6
PQ = + + ⇒ PQ = ⇒ PQ = TS EAMCET-19.07.2022, Shift-I
9 9 9 9 3
Ans. (b) : Given,
183. Let a = î + 2jˆ – 2kˆ and b = 2iˆ − ˆj − 2k. ˆ If the
orthogonal projection vector of a on b be x and ( ) (
$i − 2$j + 5k$ = α $i + $j + k$ + β $i + 2$j + 3k$ + γ 2i$ − $j + k$
) ( )
the orthogonal projection vector of b on a be y, Comparing similar terms on both sides, we get-
then |x – y| = α + β + 2γ = 1 .....(i)
4 8 α + 2β – γ = –2 .....(ii)
(a) 26 (b) 10 α + 3β + γ = 5 .....(iii)
9 9
4 8 Solving equation (i), (ii) and (iii), we get-
(c) 10 (d) 26 α = –6, β = 3 and γ = 2
9 9 Thus, α2 – β 2 + γ2 = (–6)2 – (3)2 + (2)2
TS EAMCET-11.09.2020, Shift-I = 36 – 9 + 4
Ans. (c) : The orthogonal projection of a on b is = 31
a⋅b π
x= 2 b 186. Let be a plane containing the points (0, –5, –
b 1), (1, –2, 5), (–3, 5, 0) and L be a line passing
And the orthogonal projection of b on a is through the point (0, –5, –1) and parallel to the
a⋅b vector î + 5jˆ – 6k. ˆ Then the length of the
y= 2 a projection of the unit normal vector to the
a plane II on the line L is
 b a  133 2 14
∴ x − y = a ⋅ b 2 − 2  (a) (b)
b a  31 682
 
ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ
Q a = i + 2 j − 2k and b = 2i − j − 2k ˆ 133 268
(c) (d)
31 2 32
∴ a − b = −î + 3jˆ and a.b = 2 − 2 + 4 = 4 TS EAMCET-10.09.2020, Shift-II

Ans. (b) : Equation of plane (π) containing the points Ans. (c) : We have,
(0, –5, –1), (1, –2, 5), (–3, 5, 0) p = 2iˆ − 3jˆ + k
x − 0 y +5 z +1
q = î + ˆj − kˆ
is 1 − 0 −2 + 5 5 + 1 = 0
−3 − 0 5 + 5 0 + 1
∴ ( )(
p ⋅ q = 2iˆ − 3jˆ + kˆ . î + ˆj − kˆ )
= 2 − 3 − 1 = −2
x y +5 z +1
( 2 ) + ( −3) + (1)
2 2 2
1 3 6 =0 |p| = = 4 + 9 + 1 = 14
−3 10 1 | q | = (1) + (1) + ( −1) = 1 + 1 + 1 = 3
2 2 2
3x + y − z + 4 = 0
Now, a = orthogonal projections of p on q
( )
r 3iˆ + ˆj − kˆ + 4 = 0
=
p⋅q
q=
−2 ˆ ˆ ˆ
(
i + j− k )
( )
r −3i$ − $j + k$ = 4
| q |2 3
b = orthogonal projections of q on p
q⋅p −2 ˆ ˆ ˆ
 −3
r
 11
−
ˆj
+
kˆ 
 =
4 =
| p |2
p=
14
(
2i − 3j + k )
 11 11  11
∴ Unit normal vector to plane π is
$j
Now, a × b =
42
(
4 ˆ ˆ ˆ
) (
i + j − k × 2iˆ − 3jˆ + kˆ )
−3 $ k$
n$ = i− + î ˆj kˆ
11 11 11
∴ Length of the projection of the unit normal vector =
4
42
1 1 −1 =
4
42
(
−2iˆ − 3jˆ − 5kˆ )
n̂ to plane π on the line L is 2 −3 1
 −3 ˆ −ˆj + kˆ  ˆ ˆ ˆ
 i ( )
 . i + 5j − k And, a ⋅ b =
42
(
4 ˆ ˆ ˆ
)(
i + j − k 2iˆ − 3jˆ + kˆ )
 11 11 11 
4 −8
1 + 25 + 36 = ( 2 − 3 − 1) =
42 42
−3 −5 −6
−14 14 ( ˆ ˆ
4 −2i − 3j − 5k ˆ )
= 11 11 11 = = a×b 2iˆ + 3jˆ + 5kˆ
11 62 682 ∴ = 42 =
62 a⋅b −8 2
187. If the vectors –3i$ + 4j$ + λk$ and µi$ + 8j$ + 6k$ are 42
r
189. Let the vectors u1 = î + ˆj + ak,u ˆ r = î + bjˆ + kˆ and
collinear then λ – µ = 2
(a) 0 (b) –3 r ˆ ˆ ˆ
u 3 = ci + j + k be coplanar. If the vectors
(c) 6 (d) 9 r r
TS EAMCET-04.08.2021, Shift-I v1 = ( a + b ) î + cjˆ + ckˆ , v 2 = aiˆ + (b + c)jˆ + akˆ and
Ans. (d): If two vectors are collinear then their co- r
v = biˆ + bjˆ + (c + a)kˆ are also coplanar, then 6
3
ordinates are equal -
(a + b+ c) is equal to
−3 4 λ (a) 0 (b) 6
= =
µ 8 6 (c) 12 (d) 4
– 24 = 4µ JEE Main-08.04.2023, Shift-II
µ=–6 Ans. (c) : u, u2 and u3 are coplanar vector
λ 4 1 1 a
= ⇒ 8λ = 24
6 8 1 b 1 =0
λ =3
c 1 1
λ − µ = 3 − ( −6 ) = 9 = (b – 1) – (1 – c) + a (1 – bc) = 0
188. p = 2iˆ – 3jˆ + k,ˆ q = î + ˆj – k.
ˆ If the vectors a and b a + b + c – abc = 2 ....(i)
are the orthogonal projections of p on q and q Again v1, v2 and v3 are coplanar
a×b a+b c c
on p respectively, then =
a.b a b + c a =0
ˆ ˆ
2i + 3j + 5k ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ
2i + 3j + 5k b b c+a
(a) (b)
19 2 38 a+b c c
2iˆ + 3jˆ + 5kˆ 3iˆ − 2jˆ a b+c a =0
(c) (d)
2 13 −2a −2c 0
Q R3 → R3 – (R1 + R3)
Expanding along R3 =
( )(
5i$ + $j + 2k$ ⋅ 3i$ − 2$j − 6k$
=
)15 − 2 − 12 1
=
2 2
–2a (ac – bc – c ) + 2c (a + ab – ac) = 0 $ $
3i − 2 j − 6k $ 9 + 4 + 36 7
2 2 2 2
–2a c + 2abc + 2ac + 2a c + 2abc – 2ac uuur uuur
4abc = 0 Then vector projection of PQ and AB is
abc = 0
From equation (i) and (ii)
....(ii)
∴ =
1 $ $ $
7
(
3i − 2 j − 6k )
a+b+c=2 r
∴ 6 (a + b + c) = 12 192. If the vectors 2i$ – 3j$ + 6k$ and b are collinear
r r
190. The sum of all value of α, for which the points and b = 14, then b has the value
whose position vectors î – 2jˆ + 3k,2i ˆ ˆ – 3jˆ + 4k, ˆ
(a) −4i$ − 6$j + 12k$ (b) 4i$ − 6$j + 12k$
( α + 1) i + 2k and 9i + ( α – 8 ) j + 6k are coplanar,
ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ
(c) 12i$ + 5j$ + 17 k$ (d) 4i$ + 6$j + 12k$
is equal to
MHT CET-2022
(a) 6 (b) 4 r
(c) –2 (d) 2
JEE Main-06.04.2023, Shift-II
( )
Ans. (b) : Vectors, 2i$ − 3j$ + 6k$ , b are collinear
r
Ans. (d) : Let, ( )
b = k 2i$ − 3j$ + 6k$ (Property of co linearity)
r
OA = $i − 2j$ + 3k$ b = k 2i$ − 3j$ + 6k$ .......(i)
OB = 2i$ − 3j$ + 4k$ r
Putting b = 14 in equation (i), we get -
OC = ( α + 1) $i + 2k$
k 2i$ − 3j$ + 6k$ = 14
OD = − 9i$ + ( α − 8 ) $j + 6k$
14 14
∴ AB = $i − $j + k$ k= = =2
4 + 9 + 36 7
r
AC = α$i + 2$j − k$ Therefore, (
b = 2 2i$ − 3j$ + 6k$ )
AD = 8i$ + ( α − 6 ) $j + 3k$
= 4i$ − 6$j + 12k$
Since, given point are coplanar
∴ [AB AC AD] = 0 193. The sum of the distinct real values of µ, for
which the vectors
1 −1 1 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $
ui + j + k, i + µj + k, i + j + µk are coplanar, is
α 2 −1 = 0 (a) –1 (b) 0
8 α−6 3 (c) 2 (d) 1
MHT CET-2022
⇒ 1 ( 6 + α − 6 ) + 1( 3α + 8) + 1( α 2 − 6α − 16 ) = 0
Ans. (b) : Given, vector
⇒
⇒
a2 – 2α – 8 = 0
(α – 4) (α + 2) =0 ( ) ( ) (
µ$i + $j + k$ , $i + µ$j + k$ , $i + $j + µ k$)
α = 4, – 2 are coplanar.
∴ Sum of all values, α = 4 – 2 = 2 µ 1 1
uuur uuur
191. The vector projection of PQ and AB , where P ∴ 1 µ 1 =0
≡ (–2, 1, 3), Q ≡ (3, 2, 5), A ≡ (4, –3, 5) and B ≡ 1 1 µ
(7, –5, –1) is
µ(µ2 – 1) – 1 (µ – 1) + 1(1 – µ) = 0
(a)
7
(
1 $ $ $
3i − 2j + 6k) (b) (1 $ $ $
49
)
3i − 2 j + 6k µ3 – µ – µ + 1 + 1 – µ = 0
µ3 – 3µ + 2 = 0
(c) (
1 $ $ $
7
3i − 2j – 6k) ( )
(d) 3i$ − 2$j – 6k$
Clearly
Hence,
µ = 1 is a solution of the equation,
MHT CET-2022
Ans. (c) : We have,
uuur
PQ = ( 3 + 2 ) $i + $j + 2k$
uuur
(
= 5i$ + $j + 2k$ )
and AB = 3i$ − 2$j − 6k$
∴ vector projection
uuur uuur
PQ ⋅ AB
= uuur
AB

Now, roots of the equation Also,
µ2 + µ – 2 = 0 is calculated as follows : d2V
µ2 + 2µ – µ – 2 = 0 = 6a
or µ(µ + 2) – 1 (µ + 2) = 0 da 2
or (µ – 1) (µ + 2) = 0 For minimum value of V,
∴ µ = 1, –2 d2V
and > 0 ⇒ 6a > 0
da 2
⇒ µ=1 ⇒a>0
Hence, 1
roots are 1, 1, –2 ∴ a=
Therefore, sum of distinct real values of µ is 1 + 1 – 2 = 3
0 196. The sum of the lengths of projections of
r r
194. If a = $i + $j + k,
$ b = $i + 2k, $ cr = xi$ + ( x – 2 ) $j – k$ and pi$ + qj$ + rk$ on the co-ordinate p = 4, q = –5, r
r r r = 7 is
c is linear combination of a and b , then x has
(a) 6 units (b) 16 units
the value.
(a) 1 (b) –3 (c) 20 units (d) 28 units
(c) 0 (d) –4 MHT CET-2022
r
MHT CET-2022 Ans. (b) : Let a vector r = 4i + ( −5 ) $j + 7k$ whose
$
Ans. (b) : Given, $ 7k$ are as
$ − 5j,
r projection on co-ordinate axes 4i,
a = $i + $j + k$ follows,
r
b = $i + 2k$ On x-axis, the projection is
r
r
c = xi$ + ( x − 2 ) $j − k$
r r
r
($ $ $
r ⋅ $i 4i − 5 j + 7k $
=
)
⋅ 4i = 4
Q Vector c is a linear combination of a and b , then 4 $i 4 ×1
for some α and β.
( ) ( )
r
r.j$ (
4i$ − 5$j + 7k$ )
∴ xi + ( x − 2 ) $j − k = α $i + $j + k$ + β $i + 2k$ On y-axis,
5 −$j
=
5 ×1
( )
⋅ −5j$ = + 5
= $i ( α + β ) + α$j + ( α + 2β ) k$
By comparison, we get -
x=α+β On z-axis
r
r.k$
=
(
4i$ − 5j$ + 7k$ )
7k$ = 7
x–2=α⇒x=2+α 7k $ 7 × 1
–1 = α + 2β ∴ Sum or these projections = 4 + 5 + 7 = 16 unit
∴ 2+α=α+β⇒β=2 r r
∴ –1 = α + 4 197. Let a = î + 2jˆ – 3kˆ and b = λˆj + 3kˆ . If the
r r
⇒ α=–5 projection of a on b is equal to the projection
∴ x–2=–5 r r
of b on a , then the values of λ are
∴ x = –3
195. The value of a so that the volume of (a) ± 7 (b) ± 3
parallelopiped formed by (c) ± 5 (d) ± 3
$ $j + ak$ and ai$ + k$ becomes minimum is
$i + aj$ + k, (e) ± 5
1 Kerala CEE-2020
(a) –3 (b) Ans. (e) : Given,
3 r
(c) 3 (d) 3 a = $i + 2$j − 3k$
r
MHT CET-2022 and b = λ$j + 3k$
Ans. (b) : Given vectors which form the parallelopiped r r
r r a ⋅b
are $i + a $j + k$ , $j + ak$ and ai$ + k$ Projection of a on b is r
∴ Volume of the parallelepiped formed by these b
vectors is r r r r
a ⋅b a ⋅ b
1 a 1 r = r
b a
V = 0 1 a =1 + a 3 − a r r
b =a
a 0 1
λ 2 + 32 = (1) + ( 2 ) + ( −3)
2 2 2
dV
∴ = 0 + 3a 2 − 1 = 0
da λ2 + 9 = 14
1 1 λ2 = 14 – 9 = 5
⇒ a2 = or a = ±
3 3 λ=± 5

r
198. A unit vector b is coplanar with î + ˆj + 2kˆ and 6
î + 2jˆ + kˆ is perpendicular to î + ˆj + kˆ . Then (c) (d) 6
2
r 1
b . î equals (e)
(a) 0 (b) 1 6
(c) 3/2 (d) 2 Kerala CEE-2018
(e) 4 Ans. (a) : Given,
Kerala CEE-2019 r r
r a = $i + $j + k$ , b = $i + 3j$ + 5k$
Ans. (a) : Let vector b = xi$ + y$j + zk$ r
r c = 7i$ + 9$j + 11k$
Given, b is coplanar with $i + $j + 2k$ and $i + 2$j + k$ r r
∴ a + b = 2i$ + 4$j + 6k$
x y z r r
b + c = 8i$ + 12$j + 16k$
∴ 1 1 2 = 0 ⇒ x (1 − 4 ) − y (1 − 2 ) + z ( 2 − 1) = 0 Let, uur r r uur r r uur uur
1 2 1 d1 = a + b and d 2 = b + c , where d1 and d 2 are
–3x + y + z = 0 ....(i) diagonal vectors.
r
b is perpendicular to $i + $j + k$ ∴ Area of parallelogram is
∴ ( )( )
xi$ + y$j + zk$ ⋅ $i + $j + k$ = 0
1 uur uur
$i $j k$
x+y+z=0 ....(ii) 2
( )
= ⋅ d1 × d 2 = × 2 4 6
1
2
Solving (i) and (ii), we get- 8 12 16
x=0
r 1
∴ b.i$ = x = 0 = $i ( 64 − 72 ) − $j ( 32 − 48 ) + k$ ( 24 − 32 ) 
r 2 
r
199. If the vectors a = î – ˆj + 2kˆ , b = 2iˆ + 4jˆ + kˆ and 1 $
= −8i + 16$j − 8k$
r 2
c = λiˆ + 9jˆ + µkˆ are mutually orthogonal, then λ
1 1
+ µ is equal to = × 64 + 256 + 64 = × 384 = 4 6
(a) 5 (b) –9 2 2
(c) –1 (d) 0 201. If the vectors 4iˆ + 11jˆ + mkˆ , 7iˆ + 2jˆ + 6kˆ and
(e) –5 î + 5jˆ + 4kˆ are coplanar, then m is equal to
Kerala CEE-2018
Ans. (b) : Given, (a) 38 (b) 0
r (c) 10 (d) –10
$ $
a = i − j + 2k $
r (e) 25
b = 2i$ + 4$j + k$ Kerala CEE-2018
r Ans. (c) : Given three vectors
c = λ $i + 9$j + µ k$
4i$ + 11j$ + mk$ , 7i$ + 2$j + 6k$ and $i + 5j$ + 4k$ are
For mutually orthogonal vector
r r coplanar.
a ⋅ b=0
r r r r 4 11 m
b⋅c= c⋅a
r r ∴ 7 2 6 =0
a ⋅b= 2− 4+ 2 = 0
r r 1 5 4
b ⋅ c = 2λ + 36 + µ 4(8 – 30) – 11 (28 – 6) + m (35 – 2) = 0
r r
c ⋅ a = λ – 9 + 2µ –4 × 22 – 11 × 22 + 33m = 0
2λ + 36 + µ = 0 ....(i) –88 – 242 + 33m = 0
λ – 9 + 2µ = 0 ....(ii) 33m = 330
On solving equation (i) and (ii), we get– ∴ m = 10
µ = 18 r r 4 2
λ = –27 202. If a = 2iˆ – ˆj – mkˆ and b = î – ˆj + 2kˆ are
7 7
Therefore, λ + µ = – 27 + 18 collinear, then the value of m is equal to
=–9 (a) –7 (b) –1
r r
200. Let a = î + ˆj + kˆ , b = î + 3jˆ + 5kˆ and (c) 2 (d) 7
r (e) –2
ˆ ˆ ˆ
c = 7i + 9j + 11k . Then, the area of the Kerala CEE-2016
r r r r
parallelogram with diagonals a + b and b + c Ans. (a) :r Given,
is a = 2i$ − $j − mk$ and
1 r 4 2
(a) 4 6 (b) 21 b = $i − $j + 2k$ are collinear
2 7 7
r r r r
Q a and b are collinear.
r a + b = $i + 4$j + k$
r r r
a = λb a − b = −3i$ + 3k$
2
(
2i$ − $j − mk$ = 2i$ − $j + 7k$
7
) r r
a + b = 1 + 16 + 1 = 18 = 3 2
Comparing both sides, r r
–m=7 a − b = 9 + 9 = 18 = 3 2
m = –7 r r r r
a+b − a−b =0
5π r
203. The angle between a and b is and the r
6 205. If a = $i + $j + k$ , b = 4i$ + 3j$ + 4k$ and
–9 r r
projection of a on b is , then |a| is equal to c = $i + αj$ + βk$ are coplanar and c = 3 , then
3
(a) 12 (b) 8 (a) α = 2, β =1 (b) α = 1, β = ±1
(c) 10 (d) 4 (c) α = ± 1, β = 1 (d) α = ± 1, β = –1
(e) 6 (e) α = – 1, β = ± 1
Kerala CEE-2016 Kerala CEE-2015
Ans. (e) : Given, Ans. (c) : Given,
r r
r r r r  5π  a = $i + $j + k$ , b = 4i$ + 3j$ + 4k$ and
a ⋅ b = a ⋅ b .cos   ....(i) r
 6  c = $i + α$j + βk$ are coplanar.
r r
r r a ⋅ b −9
Projection of a on b is r = 1 1 1
b 3 ∴ 4 3 4=0
5π  π 1 α β
Now, = π − 
6  6 On applying, C1 → C1 – C2 we get –
5π  π − 3 0 1 1
cos = cos  π −  =
6  6 2 1 3 4=0
r r r r − 3 1− α α β
∴ a ⋅ b = a ⋅ b .  0 (3β – 4α) – 1 (β – 4 + 4α) + 1 (α – 3 + 3α) = 0
 2 
0 – β + 4 – 4α + 4α – 3 = 0
r r − 3 –β+1=0
a ⋅ b . 
r 2  = −9 β=1
∴ r
b 3 c = 3 (Given)
9 1 + α 2 + β2 = 3
r 1+ α2 + β2 = 3
∴ a= 3
3 α2 + β2 = 2
α2 + 1 = 2
2
18 ∴ α2 = 1 ⇒ α = ±1
= =6 α = 1, –1
3 r r
r r 206. If the projection of b on a is twice the
204. If a = λi$ + 2j$ + 2k$ and b = 2i$ + 2j$ + λk$ are at r r r r
r r r r projection of a on b then b – a is equal to
right angle, then the value of a + b – a – b is r r r r
equal to (a) a – b (b) a + b
(a) 2 (b) 1 r r
(c) 0 (d) –1 (c) b (d) a
(e) –2 ( e) 1
Kerala CEE-2015 Kerala CEE-2012
r r r
Ans. (c) : Given, a = λ$i + 2$j + 2k$ and Ans. (d) : Given, the projection of b on a is twice the
r r r
b = 2i$ + 2$j + λ k$ are at right angle. projection of a on b
r r r r
r r
∴ a ⋅b = 0 a⋅b a ⋅b
∴ r =2⋅ r
2λ+4+2λ = 0 a b
4λ + 4 = 0 r r
λ=–1 b =2a
r r r r r r r
∴ $ b = 2i$ + 2$j − k$
a = − $i + 2$j + 2k, b − a =2 a − a = a

r r
207. If a = 2iˆ + 2jˆ – k,
ˆ b = î + ˆj + 2kˆ and 209. ABCD is a quadrilateral P, Q are the mid
uuur uuur uuur uuur
a + b = a – b , then α + β is equal to points of BC and AD then AB + DC is equal
to:
(a) 2 (b) 1 (c) 0 (d) –1 uuur uuur
(a) 3QP (b) QP
(e) –2 uuur
Kerala CEE-2012 uuur QP
(c) 4QP (d)
Ans. (b) : Given, 2
uuur
r $ $ $ (e) 2QP
a = 2i + 2 j − k
r Kerala CEE-2004
b = α$i + β$j + 2k$
r r Ans. (e) :
∴ a + b = ( α + 2 ) $i + ( β + 2 ) $j + k$
r r
a − b = ( 2 − α ) $i + ( 2 − β ) $j − 3k$
Given, r r r
Let position vectors of A, B, C and D be a, b,c and
a+b = a−b r
d respectively.
r r
( α + 2 ) + (β + 2 ) + 1 = ( 2 − α ) + ( 2 − β ) + 9
2 2 2 2
r a+d
Position vector Q, q =
α 2 + 4 + 4α + β2 + 4 + 4β + 1 = 4 + α2 − 4α + 4 +β2 − 4β + 9 2
r r
r b+c
8α + 8β = 8 Position vector P, p =
2
∴ α+β=1 r
uuur r r b + cr ar + d
r
QP = p − q = −
208. A vector perpendicular to 2i$ + $j + k$ and 2 2
r r r r
$ $ $
coplanar with i + 2j + k and i + j + 2k is :$ $ $ 1
(
= b+c−a −d
2
)
( )
(a) 5 $j − k$ (b) $i + 7$j − k$ uuur uuur r r r r
AB + DC = b − a + c − d
uuur uuur r r r r
( )
(c) 5 $j + k$ (d) 2i$ − 7$j − k$ AB + DC b + c − a − d
2
=
2
( )
(e) 5 $i + k$
uuur uuur
AB + DC uuu
= QP
r
Kerala CEE-2006 uuur 2 uuur uuur
Ans. (a) : We know that, AB + DC = 2QP
r r
Any vector perpendicular to a and coplanar to b and 210. If the scalar projection of the vector xiˆ – ˆj + kˆ
r r
r r
(
c is given by a × b × c ) on the vector 2iˆ – ˆj + 5kˆ is
1
then value of x
30
∴ The required vector is is equal to
( ) (  ) ( )
2i$ + $j + k$ ×  $i + 2$j + k$ × $i + $j + 2k$ 
 (a)
−5
(b) 6 (c) −6 (d) 3
2
$i $j k$ 
  Manipal UGET-2013
( )
= 2i$ + $j + k$ × 1 2 1  Ans. (a) : Projection of xi − j + k on 2iˆ − ˆj + 5kˆ
ˆ ˆ ˆ
1 1 2 
 
( )( )
xiˆ − ˆj + kˆ . 2iˆ − ˆj + 5kˆ 2x + 1 + 5
( $ $ $
) ($
= 2i + j + k × 3i − j − k $ $
) =
4 + 1 + 25
=
30
$i $j According to question,
k$
2x + 6 1
=2 1 1 =
30 30
3 −1 −1
⇒ 2x + 6 =1
= î ( −1 + 1) − ˆj ( −2 − 3) + kˆ ( −2 − 3) 2x = –5
−5
(
= 5jˆ − 5kˆ = 5 ˆj − kˆ ) ⇒ x=
2
C. Directions cosine and ratios of 213. If cos αr, cos β, cos γ are the direction cosines of a
vector a, then cos 2α + cos 2β + cos 2 γ is equal to
vector, Length of Perpendicular (a) 2 (b) 3 (c) –1 (d) 0
r r2 rr r r Karnataka CET-2016
211. If a × b + a.b = 144 and a = 6, then b is Ans. (c) : We know that,
equal to cos2α + cos2β + cos2λ = 1 …(i)
(a) 3 (b) 2 (c) 4 (d) 6
Karnataka CET-2020
cos2α + cos2β + cos2λ (Q cos 2α = 2cos α − 1)
2
Ans. (b) : Given, = (2cos α – 1) + (2 cos β – 1) + (2cos2λ –1 )

2 2
r r2 r r
a × b + a ⋅ b = 144 = 2(cos2α + cos2β + cos2λ) – 3 = 2 × 1 – 3 = – 1
r rr r r r r
a =6 214. If 2a.b = a . b then the angle between a & b is
r (a) 30o (b) 0o (c) 90o (d) 60o
b =? Karnataka CET-2016
r r Ans. (d) : Given,
Angle between a and b is θ
rr r r
r r2 r r 2a.b = a . b
a × b + a ⋅ b = 144 r r
r r r r If θ is angle between two non zero vectors a , b
a × b = a b sin θ Then,
r r r r
r r r r 2 a b cos θ = a b
a.b = a b cos θ
r2 r2 r2 r2 2cosθ = 1
a b sin 2 θ + a b cos 2 θ = 144 1
cos θ =
r2 r2 2
a b ( sin 2 θ + cos 2 θ ) = 144 cosθ = cos60o
r2 r2 θ = 60o
a b = (12 )
2
(Q cos 2
θ + sin 2
θ = 1 ) r r
215. If a and b are unit vectors then what is the
r r r r r r
a b = 12 angle between a and b for 3a − b to be unit
r vector?
6 b = 12 (a) 30o (b) 45o (c) 60o (d) 90o
r Karnataka CET-2016, 2017
b =2 Ans. (a) : Given,
r r
r r 2π a = b =1
212. If the angle between a and b is and the r r
r r 3 3 a − b is a unit vector
projection of a in the direction of b is – 2, then r r
r 3a − b =1
a =
r r2
(a) 4 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 1 3 a − b =1
Karnataka CET-2019
r2 r r r2
Ans. (a) : Given, 3 a − 2 3 a⋅b + b =1
r r 2π
Angle between a and b θ = r2 r r r2
3 3 a − 2 3 a b cos θ + b = 1
r r
a⋅b 3 − 2 3 cos θ + 1 = 1
= −2
b 3 = 2 3 cos θ
r r r r
a.b = a b cos θ 3
cos θ =
r r 2
a b cos θ
r = −2 cos θ = cos30o
b
θ = 30o
r 2π  2π 1 r r r r r r
a cos = −2 Q cos = −  216. Suppose a + b + c = 0, a = 3, b = 5, c = 7, then
3  3 2 r r
the angle between a & b is
r −1
a × = −2 π π π
2 (a) π (b) (c) (d)
r 2 3 4
a =4
Karnataka CET-2016, 2011
Ans. (c) : Given, According to question,
r r r r
r r r r r a = 3p + q − 2r
a +b+c =0, a = 3, b = 5
r
c =7 ( ) ( ) (
= 3 î + ˆj + 4kˆ − ˆj – 2 î + kˆ )
r r r r
a+b+c =0 a = 3iˆ + 3jˆ + 4kˆ − ˆj − 2iˆ − 2kˆ
r r r r
a = î + 2ˆj + 2kˆ
a + b = −c
r r2 r2 r
a + b = –c a
Unit vector n̂ = r
a
r2 r2 r r r2
a + b + 2a b = c
r r r î + 2ˆj + 2kˆ 1 ˆ ˆ
r r
( 3) + ( 5 ) + 2 a b cos θ = 7
2 2 2 3p + q − 2r =
1+ 4 + 4
=
3
( )
i + 2 j + 2kˆ
9 + 25 + 2(3×5) cosθ = 49 219. The direction ratio of a line which is

30 cosθ = 15 perpendicular to the line having direction ratio
3, -2,1 and 1, 2 - 1 are
15
cosθ = (a) 0, −1, 2 (b) 0, −1, −2
30
(c) 1, −2 (d) 0,1, 2
1 π
cos θ = = cos MHT CET-2005
2 3 Ans. (d) :
π r
θ= Let, a = 3i$ − 2ˆj + kˆ
3 r
r r π b = $i + 2ˆj − kˆ
The angle between a and b is .
3 î ˆj kˆ
217. A space vector makes the angles 150o and 60o
with the positive direction of X and Y axes. The = 3 −2 1 = î ( 2 − 2 ) − ˆj ( −3 − 1) + kˆ ( 6 + 2 )
angle made by the vector with the positive 1 2 −1
direction of Z-axis is
(a) 60o (b) 90o = 0iˆ + 4ˆj + 8kˆ = 0iˆ + ˆj + 2kˆ
o o
(c) 120 (d) 180 So, the direction ratio of the required line are
Karnataka CET-2010 0, 1, 2
Ans. (b) : Given that, r r r
220. If a,b, c, are mutually perpendicular unit
α = 150°, β = 60°, λ=? r r r
We know that vectors, then a + b + c is equal to :
cos2α + cos2β + cos2λ = 1
(a) 3 (b) 3
cos2 (150°) + cos2 (60°) + cos2λ = 1
2
(c) zero (d) 1
 3 1
2
Karnataka CET-2002
 −  +   + cos λ = 1
2
r r r
 2    2 Ans. (b) : Given a , b and c are mutually per
3 1 pendicular unit vectors.
+ + cos 2 λ = 1 r r r r r r
4 4 a ⋅ b = 0, b ⋅ c = 0, c ⋅ a = 0
r r r
1 + cos2λ = 1 a = 1, b = 1, c = 1
cos λ = 0
2
We know that
cosλ = 0 = cos 90°
r r r2 r2 r2 r2 r r r r r r
λ = 90°
r r
(
a + b + c = a + b + c + 2 a ⋅b + b⋅c + c ⋅a )
218. If p = î + ˆj, q = 4kˆ − ˆj and r = î + kˆ then the r2 r2 r2
r r r = a + b + c + 2× 0 = 1 + 1 + 1
and unit vector in the direction of 3p + q − 2r is
r r r2
(a) (1 ˆ ˆ
3
)
i + 2 j + 2k ˆ (b)( 1 ˆ ˆ
3
) ˆ
i + 2 j + 2k
a+b+c =3
r r r
a+b+c = 3
(c) (1 ˆ ˆ
3
)
i − 2 j + 2kˆ (d) î + 2ˆj + 2kˆ 221. The direction cosines of the vector
Karnataka CET-2006 2i + ˆj – 2kˆ is equal to
ˆ
Ans. (a) : Given that, 2 1 2 2 1 2
r ˆ ˆ (a) < , , – > (b) < , , >
p=i+j 3 3 3 3 3 3
r 1 2 2 2 2 1
q = 4kˆ − ˆj (c) < , , – > (d) < , , >
r ˆ ˆ 3 3 3 3 3 3
r =i+k COMEDK-2012
Ans. (a) : If , î, ˆj, kˆ are the direction cosines and a, b, c Q β2 perpendicular to α, so its dot product = 0
Therefore,
are the direction ratio of line.
(1 – 4µ)4 + (2 – 3µ)3 – (4 + 5µ)5 = 0
2iˆ + ˆj − 2kˆ 4 – 16µ + 6 – 9µ – 20 – 25µ = 0
a = 2, b = 1, c = – 2 –10 – 50 µ = 0
a 2 2 Therefore,
î = = = −1
a +b +c
2 2 2
4 +1+ 4 3 µ=
b 1 1 5
ĵ = 2
a +b +c 2 2
=
4 +1+ 4 3
=
(
Therefore, the value of 5β2 $i + $j + k$ )
c −2 −2  4   5 
k̂ =
a +b +c
2 2 2
=
4 + 1 + 4
=
3
 5  
3 
5   5 
(
= 5 1 +  $i +  2 +  $j −  4 −  k$  ⋅ $i + $j + k$ )
Hence all direction are cosine
(a, b, c) =  , , − 
2 1 2 ( )( )
= 9i$ + 13j$ − 15k$ ⋅ $i + $j + k$ = 9 + 13 – 15 = 7
3 3 3 224. If the position vectors of the vertices A, B and
222. The projections of a directed line segment on C of ∆ABC are î + 2jˆ – 5k, ˆ – 2iˆ + 2jˆ + kˆ and
the coordinate axis are 12, 4, 3. The direction 2iˆ + ˆj – kˆ respectively, then ∠B =
cosines of the line are
12 4 3 12 4 3  7   8 
(a) , , (b) , ,− (a) cos –1   (b) cos –1  
13 13 13 13 13 13  3 10   105 
12 4 3 12 4 3  1   7 
(c) − , , (d) ,− ,− (c) cos –1  (d) cos –1  –
13 13 13 13 13 13  
AMU-2011  42   3 10 
Ans. (a) : Assuming position vector of line segment AP EAMCET-20.04.2019, Shift-I
r r
ends points are A and B Ans. (b) : Since, BA = +3i$ − 6k$ and BC = 4i$ − $j − 2k$
Now, given projection of line segment on the axis are Therefore,
(12, 4, 3) BA.BC
So, AB = 12iˆ + 4ˆj + 3kˆ cos ( ∠B ) =
BA BC
Now the direction cosine of line segment,
12 + 12 24 24 8
12 4 3 = = = =
= , , 9 + 36 16 + 1 + 4 45 × 21 3 105 105
12 + 4 + 3
2 2 2
12 + 4 + 3
2 2 2
12 + 42 + 32
2
 8 
=
12 4 3
, , = ∠ B = cos −1  
13 13 13  105 
r r 225. The vectors 3a – 5b and 2a + b are mutually
223. Let α = 4iˆ + 3jˆ + 5kˆ and β = î + 2jˆ – 4kˆ . Let
r r r perpendicular and the vectors a + 4b and
β1 be parallel to α and β 2 be perpendicular –a + b are also mutually perpendicular then
r r r r
to α . If β = β1 + β 2 , then the value of the acute angle between a and b is
r
2 (
5β î + ˆj + kˆ is. )  19 
(a) cos −1  
 9 
(b) cos −1  
(a) 9 (b) 11  5 43   5 43 
(c) 7 (d) 6  19   9 
(c) π − cos −1   (d) π − cos −1  
JEE Main-24.01.2023, Shift-II  5 43   5 43 
Ans. (c) : Let, AP EAMCET-04.07.2021, Shift-I
$ $
α = 4i + 3j + 5k $ Ans. (a) : Given,
(3a – 5b) ⊥ (2a + b)
β = $i + 2$j − 4k$ (3a – 5b) (2a + b) = 0
Since, 6a.a + 3a.b – 10 b.a – 5b.b = 0
β1 parallel to α 2 2
6 a + 3ab − 10ab − 5 b = 0
∴ (
β1 =µ 4i$ + 3j$ + 5k$ ) 2 2
6 a − 5 b = 7ab ....(i)
Since,
β = β1 + β2 Also,
β2 = β – β1 (a + 4b) ⊥ (–a + b)
(a + 4b) . (– a + b) = 0
( ) (
Therefore, β2 = $i + 2$j − 4k$ − µ 4i$ + 3j$ + 5k$ ) – aa + ab – 4ba + 4bb = 0
2 2
β2 = (1 − 4µ ) $i + ( 2 − 3µ ) $j − ( 4 + 5µ ) k$ − a + 4 b = 3ab ....(ii)

From equation (i) and (ii), we get - Ans. (b) : Let,
1
7
( 2 2 1
) (
6 a −5 b = − a + 4 b
3
2 2
) cos α =
a⋅b
a b
, cos β =
b⋅c
b c
2 2 2 2
18 a − 15 b = −7 a + 28 b And ,
2
25 a = 43 b
2 c⋅a
cos γ =
Therefore, c a
2
3ab = − a + 4 b
2
[from equation (ii)] Also, it is given that, a = b = c = λ
Where,
43 2 2
3 a b cos θ = − b +4 b λ>0
25 Then,
57 2 a⋅b b⋅c
3 a b cos θ = b cos α = 2 , cosβ = 2 and
25 λ λ
43 2
b cos θ =
57 2 c⋅a
b cos γ = 2
25 25 λ
43 19 1
cos θ = cosα + cosβ + cosγ = 2
5 25 λ
19 (a . b + b . c + c .a ) ....(i)
cos θ= As we know that,
5 43
a + b + c = (a + b + c)⋅ ( a + b + c)
2
 19 
θ = cos −1  
=  a + b + c + 2 ( a ⋅ b + b ⋅ c + c ⋅ a )
2 2 2
 5 43 
 
226. a, b and c are three unit vectors such that no
two of them are collinear. If b = 2{a × (b × c)} =  λ 2 + λ 2 + λ 2 + 2 ( a ⋅ b + b ⋅ c + c ⋅ a )  ≥ 0
and α is the angle between a, c and β is the
angle between a, b then cos(α α + β) = Q a + b + c 2 ≥ 0 
 
(a)
3
(b) –
3
(c)
1
(d) –
1 2 ( a ⋅ b + b ⋅ c + c ⋅ a ) ≥ − 3λ 2
2 2 2 2 −3 2
AP EAMCET-24.04.2018, Shift-I a ⋅b+b⋅c + c⋅a ≥ λ ....(ii)
2
Ans. (b) : Given, Now, from equation (i) and (ii), we get -
b = 2 {a × (b × c)}
1  3  −3
b = 2 {(a . c) b – (a . b) c} cosα + cosβ + cosγ ≥ 2  − λ 2  =
b = 2(a. c) b – 2 (a. b)c λ  2  2
On comparing b and c, we get - 3
Thus, the minimum value of cos α + cosβ + cosγ is −
Therefore, 2
2 (a . c) = 1 and a . b = 0 228. Let 'O' be the origin and 'P' be a point which is
α is a angle between a, c and β is the angle between a, b at a distance of 3 units from the origin. If the
1 direction ratios of OP are (1, –2, –2) then the
a c cos α = a ⋅ b = 0
2 coordinates of 'P' are _____
π π (a) (1, –2, –2) (b) (3, –6, –6)
cos α = cos , and cos β = cos
3 2  1 −2 −2   1 −2 −2 
(c)  , ,  (d)  , , 
Therefore,  3 3 3  9 9 9 
π π AP EAMCET-19.08.2021, Shift-I
α = and β =
3 2 Ans. (a): Given,
uuur
π 3 OP = î − 2ˆj − 2kˆ
cos ( α + β ) = − sin = − uuur
3 2 OP = 1 + ( −2 ) + ( −2 ) = 9
2 2
227. If a,b,c are vectors of equal magnitude such uuur

that (a,b) = α, (b,c) = β , (c, a) = γ, then the OP = 3
minimum value of cosα α + cosβ
β + cos γ is uuur
3 3 î − 2ˆj − 2kˆ
(a) (b) −  = OP
OP uuur =
2 2 OP 3
1 1
(c) (d) −
2 2  = 1 î − 2 ˆj − 2 kˆ
OP
AP EAMCET-24.04.2018, Shift-I 3 3 3
 1 −2 −2  (l1r, m1r, n1r), (l2r, m2r, n2r) and (–l2r, –m2r, –n2r)
Direction cosine’s are =  , ,  respectively. If AB be the mid-points of PQ and PR,
3 3 3  then OA and OB are along the bisectors of the lines
OP = 3 = r direction ratios of OA are l1+ l2, m1 + m2, n1 + n2
P ( x, y,z ) = ( lr, mr, nr ) DR'S of OB are l1 – l2, m1 – m2, n1 – n2
Now,
1 –2 −2 
=  × 3, × 3, × 3
∑ (l + l2 ) =1 + 1 + 2cos θ
2
3 3 3  1
P ( x, y, z ) = (1, −2, −2 ) θ
2 (1 + cos θ ) = 4 cos 2
229. Angle made by the position vector of the point 2
Therefore, DC'S of internal bisector are -
( 5, –4, –3 ) with the positive direction of X– axis
l +l m + m 2 n1 + n 2
is______ = 1 2 , 1 ,
θ θ θ
π π π π 2cos 2 cos 2 cos
(a) (b) (c) (d) 2 2 2
2 6 4 3
AP EAMCET-19.08.2021, Shift-I 231. If a = i + 2 j + 3k, b = – i + 2 j + k, c = i + 2 j – 2k, n is
Ans. (c): Let, perpendicular to both a and b and θ is angle
A ( 5, −4, −3 ) between c and n then sinθ θ=
Direction ratio of OA = 5, –4, –3 2 2
(a) (b)
Direction ratio of x – axis = 1,0,0 3 3 3
5 ⋅1 + ( −4 ) ⋅ 0 + ( −3) ⋅ 0 2 3
Angle, θ = (c) (d)
( 5) + ( −4 ) + ( −3) (1) + 02 + 02
2 2 2 2
3 2
5 1 AP EAMCET-22.04.2018, Shift-I
= = Ans. (b) : Given,
50 2
π n ⊥ a and n ⊥ b
∴θ = n = a ×b
4
$i $j k$
230. If l1, m1, n1 and l2, m2, n2are direction cosines of
OA and OB such that ∠AOB = θ, where O is 1 2 3 = − 4i$ − 4$j + 4k$
the origin, then the direction cosines of the −1 2 1
internal angular bisector of ∠AOB are
Again,
l + l m + m 2 n1 + n 2
(a) 1 2 , 1 , n×c
θ θ θ sin θ =
2sin 2 sin 2 sin n c
2 2 2
l − l m − m 2 n1 − n 2 Now,
(b) 1 2 , 1 ,
θ θ θ $i $j k$
2 cos 2 cos 2 cos
2 2 2 n × c = −4 −4 4 = − 4$j − 4k$
l1 − l2 m1 − m 2 n1 − n 2
(c) , , 1 2 −2
θ θ θ
2sin 2sin 2 sin
2 2 2 −4$j − 4k$
l1 + l2 m1 + m 2 n1 + n 2 Therefore, sin θ =
(d) , , −4i$ − 4$j + 4k$ $i + 2$j − 2k$
θ θ θ
2 cos 2 cos 2 cos
2 2 2
AP EAMCET-22.04.2019, Shift-I ( − 4 ) + ( −4 )
2 2
Ans. (d) : Since, l1 l2 + m1m2 + n1n2 = cosθ =

( −4 ) + ( −4 ) + ( 4 ) (1) + ( 2 ) + ( −2 )
2 2 2 2 2 2
Through origin O draw two lines parallel to given lines
and take two points on each at a distance r from O and a
point R on QO produced so that OR = r
16 + 16 4 2 2
= = =
16 + 16 + 16 1 + 4 + 4 4 3 × 3 3 3 ( )
232. The unit
r r vector in the direction of the vector
r
a + 2b – c is equal to
r r r r r r
a + 2b – c a + 2b – c
Then, the coordinates of P, Q and R are (a) (b)
6 2
r r r r r r
(c)
a + 2b – c
(d)
a + 2b – c ( )
⇒ 2i$ + 2$j + 2k$ ⋅ ( 3λ + 1) $i + (1 − λ ) $j + ( −2 + 2λ ) k$  = 0

4 6 2 (3λ + 1) + 2 (1 – λ) + 2(2 + 2λ) = 0
COMEDK-2012 6λ + 2 + 2 – 2λ + 4 + 4λ = 0
Ans. (a) : Unit vector in the direction of given vector is, 8λ = – 8 ⇒ λ = – 1
r r r r
a + 2b − c 235. The vector a = αiˆ + 2jˆ + βkˆ lies in the plane of
Required equation of unit vector is, r r
r r r r r r the vectors b = î + ˆj and c = ˆj + kˆ and bisects
a + 2b − c a + 2b − c r r
= the angle between b and c . Then, which one of
1+ 4 +1 6
r r r the following gives possible values of α and β ?
233. Let a, b, c be three vectors such that c ≠ 0 and (a) α = 1, β = 1 (b) α = 2, β = 2
r r r r r r r r r (c) α = 1, β = 2 (d) α = 2, β = 1
a . b = 2 a . c , a = c = 1, b = 4 and b × c =
AIEEE-2008
15 , if b – 2c = λα. then, λ equals Ans. (a) : Given,
(a) –1 r
Vector, a =α$i + 2$j + βk$ lies in the plane of the vector
(b) 1 r r
(c) – 4 b = $i + $j and c = $j + k$ and bisects the angle between
(d) 2 r r
b and c
Manipal UGET-2011
Therefore,
Ans. (c) : Given, r r r
r r
b × c = 15
a =λ b + c ( )
r r
r
Angle between the vectors b and c is
r α $i + 2$j + βk$ =λ b + c
( )
| b || c |sin α = 15 r $i + $j $i + $j
b= =
15 1 +1
2 2
2
sin α =
4 r $i + $j $j + k$
1 c= =
∴ cos α = 12 + 12 2
4
Also, b − 2c = λa  $i + $j $j + k$ 
So, α$i + 2$j + βk$ = λ  + 
(b − 2c) 2 = λ 2 (a) 2  2 2 
b 2 + 4c 2 − 4bc = λ (a) 2 λ $ $ $ 
= i + 2j+ k
16 + 4 − 4 {| b || c | cos α} = λ 2 2 
On comparing both sides, we get -
or λ 2 = 20 − 4 = 16
λ=±4 λ=α 2
r λ= 2
234. If l = 3iˆ - ˆj + 2k,m ˆ r = î + ˆj + 2kˆ and
r λ =β 2
n = 2iˆ + 2jˆ + 2kˆ are three vectors, then what is
r Therefore, α = 1, β = 1
ther value of λ such that n is perpendicular to
r 236. The direction cosines of the vector
λl + m ? r
(a) 1 (b) –1 a = – 2iˆ + ˆj − 5kˆ are
(c) 2 (d) –2 −2 1 −5 −2 1 −5
J&K CET-2019 (a) , , (b) , ,
8 8 8 30 30 30
Ans. (b) : Given, 2 −1 −5 − 2 −1 −5
r (c) , , (d) , ,
l = 3i$ + $j + 2k$ 8 8 8 30 30 30
r AP EAMCET-21.09.2020, Shift-I
m = $i + $j + 2k$
Ans. (b) : Given that,
And, r
r $ $ a = − 2i$ + $j − 5k$
n = 2i + 2 j + 2k $
r
a = ( −2 ) + (1) + ( −5 )
2 2 2
Since,
r r uur
n is perpendicular to λl + m = 4 + 1 + 25 = 30
r r uur
∴ n ⋅  λl + m  Direction cosine are (l, m, n)
a1 a a
⇒ ( ) (  )
2i$ + 2$j + 2k$ ⋅ λ 3i$ − $j + 2k$ + $i + $j + 2k$  = 0

l = r ,m = r2 , n = r3
a a a

∴ Direction cosine are - It is perpendicular to normal to the plane
uur
 −2 1 −5  n1 = 3i$ − $j + k$
 , ,  uur
 30 30 30  n 2 = $i + 4$j − 2k$
237. If a, b, c are any three mutually So, vector are parallel-
perpendicular vectors of equal magnitude a,
then |a + b + c|
r r
( ) (
n × n = 3i$ − $j + k$ × $i + 4$j − 2k$
1 2 )
(a) a (b) 2a = − 2i$ + 7$j + 13k$
(c) 3a (d) 2a Hence, required plane is
Ans. (c) : We know that,

Manipal UGET-2017
(
r ⋅ 2i$ − 7$j − 13k$ =1 )
| a + b + c |2 = | a |2 + | b |2 + | c |2 + 2 ( a.b + b.c + c.a ) 240. A vector perpendicular to the plane containing
r r r the points A (1, –1, 2), B (2, 0, –1), C (0, 2, 1) is
Let, a = b = c = a (a) 4iˆ + 8ˆj − 4kˆ (b) 8iˆ + 4ˆj + 4kˆ
| a + b + c |2 = a 2 + a 2 + a 2 + 0 + 0 + 0 (c) 3iˆ + ˆj + 2kˆ (d) î + ˆj − kˆ
| a + b + c | = 3a
2 2
Manipal UGET-2016
2 Ans. (b) : Given, that the vector -
a + b + c = 3a r
A = $i − $j + 2k$
a + b +c = 3 a r
r r r B = 2i$ + 0$j − k$
Hence, | a + b + c |= 3a r
r 1 C = 0i$ + 2$j + k$
r 1
( ) ( )
238. a = 2iˆ + 3jˆ + 6kˆ ,b = 3iˆ – λjˆ + 2kˆ . If a and Therefore,
7 7 r r
b are mutually perpendicular, then value of λis
(a) 2 (b) −1
(
A × B = $i − $j + 2k$ × 2i$ + 0$j − k$ )( )
(c) 6 (d) −6 = $i + 5$j + 2k$
r r
Ans. (c) : Given,
Manipal UGET-2017
(
B × C = 2i$ + 0$j − k$ × 0i$ + 2$j + k$ )( )
r 1
r 1
( ) (
a = 2iˆ + 3jˆ + 6kˆ , b = 3iˆ – λˆj + 2kˆ ) r r
= 2i$ − 2$j + 4k$
7
r r 7
Since, the vectors a and b are perpendicular. (
C × A = 0i$ + 2$j + k$ × $i − $j + 2k$ )( )
r r
∴ a⋅b = 0 = 5i$ + $j − 2k$
( ) ( )
1 ˆ ˆ 1 Hence, vector are perpendicular to the plane -
⇒ 2i + 3j + 6kˆ . 3iˆ − λˆj + 2kˆ = 0 r r r r r r
7 7 ( ) ( ) (
A × B + B × C + C × A = $i + 5j$ + 2k$ + 2i$ − 2$j + 4k$ + 5i$ + $j − 2k$ )
1
⇒ ( 6 − 3λ + 12 ) = 0 = 8i$ + 4$j + 4k$
49
⇒ 3λ = 18 241. a, b, c are three vectors such that |a| = 3, |b| = 5,
|c| = 7. If a, b, c are perpendicular to the vectors
⇒ λ=6 b + c, c + a, a + b respectively,
239. The vector equation of the plane through the
then ( a + b + c ) – 2 =
2
point î + 2jˆ – kˆ and perpendicular to the line of
(
intersection of the plane r. 3iˆ – ˆj + kˆ = 1 and )(a) 15
(c) 22
(b) 9
(d) 25
( ˆ ˆ ˆ
r ⋅ i + 4j – 2k = 2 is ) Ans. (b) : Given,
(
(a) r. 2iˆ + 7ˆj − 13kˆ = 1 ) a is perpendicular to (a + b)
∴
( )
a.(b + c) = 0
(b) r. 2iˆ − 7ˆj − 13kˆ = 1 ab + ac = 0 ....(i)
( ˆ ˆ ˆ
(c) r. 2i + 7 j + 13k = 0 ) Similarly,
b ⊥ (c + a)
(d) None of the above
b ⋅ (c + a) = 0 ⇒ bc + ba = 0 ....(ii)
Manipal UGET-2016
And, c ⊥ (a + b)
Ans. (b) : Given that the line of intersection of plane -
c ⋅ (a + b) = 0
(
r ⋅ 3i$ − $j + k$ =1) ca + cb = 0 ....(iii)
(
r ⋅ $i + 4$j − 2k$ = 2 ) On adding (i), (ii) and
2(ab +bc + ca) = 0
(iii), we get -

Now,
(a + b + c)2 = a2 + b2 + c2 + 2(ab + bc + ca)
∴ (
x = kˆ −2i$ − 3j$ + 6k$ )
x = kˆ 4 + 9 + 36 = 7k = 14
2 2 2
= a + b + c +0 (given)
= (3)2 + (5)2 + (7)2 k̂ = 2
= 9 + 25 + 49 r
(a + b +c)2 = 83 ∴ ( )
x = 2 ⋅ −4i$ − 6$j + 12k$ = − 8i$ − 12j$ + 24k$
Therefore, r
244. If c is the unit vector in the direction of sum of
(a + b + c)
2
− 2 = 83 − 2
the vectors a = 2iˆ + 2jˆ – 5kˆ and b = 2iˆ + ˆj + 3kˆ
= 81 = 9 then c = ________
242. The set of real values of λ for which the
4 ˆ 3 ˆ 2 ˆ
vectors λiˆ – 3jˆ + 5kˆ and 2λiˆ – λjˆ – kˆ are (a) i+ j− k (b) 1
perpendicular to each other is 29 29 29
(a) {0, 1} (b) {–2} (c) 0 (d) –1
(c) {2, –1} (d) φ GUJCET-2021
AP EAMCET-07.07.2022, Shift-II Ans. (b) : Given,
Ans. (d) : Let, a = 2iˆ + 2ˆj − 5kˆ
r
ˆ ˆ
A = λ i – 3j + 5k ˆ
r b = 2iˆ + ˆj + 3kˆ
ˆ ˆ
B = 2λ i – λ j – k ˆ
Then, c = a + b
Q A ⊥ B and θ = 90o
r r r r c = 4iˆ + 3jˆ − 2kˆ
A.B = | A || B | = 0
⇒ (λ î – 3jˆ + 5k)ˆ (2λî – λˆj– k)ˆ =0 c 4iˆ + 3jˆ − 2kˆ
∴ c = =
⇒ 2λ2 + 3λ – 5 = 0
|c| 16 + 9 + 4
⇒ 2λ2 + 5λ – 2λ – 5 = 0 4 ˆ 3 ˆ 2 ˆ
c = i+ j− k
⇒ λ(2λ + 5) –1(2λ+5) = 0 29 29 29
⇒ (λ–1) (2λ+5) = 0
2
 4   3  
2
2 
2
–5 | c |=   +   + − 
λ = 1, λ =  29   29   29 
2
Hence, the set of λ is φ. 16 9 4 29
r | c |= + + =
243. The vector x isr perpendicular to the vectors 29 29 29 29
r r
a = 3i + 2j + 2k, b = 18i – 22j – 5k and makes an c =1
ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ
r r
obtuse angle with j . If |x| = 14, then x = 245. The direction angles of the line x = 4z + 3, y = 2
ˆ ˆ
(a) 8i + 12 j + 24k ˆ ˆ ˆ
(b) –8i + 6 j + 24k ˆ –3z are α, β and γ then cos α + cosβ β + cosγγ =__.
2 8
(c) 8i$ – 12$j – 24k$ (d) –8i$ – 12$j + 24k$ ] (a) (b)
26 26
(c) 1 (d) 2
Ans. (d) : Given,
r GUJCET-2017
a = 3i$ + 2$j + 2k$ Ans. (a) : Given line,
r x = 4z + 3 & y = 2 – 3z
b =18i$ − 22$j − 5k$
r r Then,
Q x is perpendicular to a and b x −3
r r x = 4z + 3 ⇒ x – 3 = 4z ⇒
(
∴ x is parallel to a × b ) 4
=z
And,
$i $j k$
r r y−2
Now, ( )
a×b = 3 2 2 y = 2 – 3z ⇒ y – 2 = –3z ⇒ −
3
=z
18 −22 −5 x −3 y − 2 z
r r ∴ = =
a × b = 34i$ + 51j$ − 102k$ 4 −3 1
Then, direction ratio of line = <a, b, c> = <4, –3, 1>
As x-makes obtuse angle with $j , coefficient of a 4 4
$j should be negative So, cos α = = =
2 2 2 2
a +b +c 2
4 + (−3) + 1 2 26

r
cos β =
b
=
−3
=
−3 = −3iˆ + 3jˆ + 3k
a 2 + b2 + c2 2
42 + (−3) + 12 26 The equation of the plane is,
r
c 1 1 r.(−3iˆ + 3jˆ + 3k)
ˆ =d
cos γ = = =
2
a +b +c 2 2 2
42 + (−3) + 12 26 It passes through (1, 1, 0)
Then cosα + cos β + cos γ =

4
−
3
+
1 ( ) ( )
$i + $j . −3iˆ + 3jˆ + 3kˆ = d
26 26 26 d=0
4 − 3 +1 2 So, the equation of plane becomes
= = r
26 26 r(−3iˆ + 3jˆ + 3k)$ =0
r r 5π r
246. The angle between a and b is and the $ =0
r.(−î + ˆj + k)
6
–6 248. If ar = î + 2jˆ – 3k,b r
r r ˆ = 3iˆ – ˆj + 2k, ˆ cr = î + 3jˆ + kˆ and
projection of a in the direction of b is ,
3 r r r
r a + λb is perpendicular to c , then λ =
then a is equal to:
(a) –4 (b) 2
3 (c) –2 (d) 4
(a) 6 (b)
2 MHT CET-2021
(c) 12 (d) 4 r ˆ ˆ ˆ
(e) 16 Ans. (c) : Given, a = i + 2 j − 3k
r
Kerala CEE-2004 b = 3iˆ − ˆj + 2kˆ
r r 5π r
Ans. (d) : Angle between a and b is c = î + 3jˆ + kˆ
6
r r
r r r r
Q a ⋅ b = a b cos
5π (
Now, a + b = î + 2ˆj − 3kˆ + λ 3iˆ − ˆj + 2kˆ )
6
r r = î (1 + 3λ ) + ( 2 − λ ) ˆj + ( 2λ − 3) kˆ
a b 3 r
=− r r
2 Vector a +λ b and vector c are perpendicular so their
r r dot product is zero.
Now, the projection of a in the direction of b
r r ∴ (1 + 3λ) + (2 – λ) × 3 + (2λ – 3) × 1 = 0
6 a b 3
− =− r Or 1 + 3λ + 6 – 3λ + 2λ – 3 = 0
3 2b 4 + 2λ = 0
r 6× 2 λ = –2
a = r r
r
3 249. If vectors a = 2i$ + 2j$ + 3k,b ˆ = –i$ + 2j$ + kˆ and
a =4 r r r
c = 3i$ + ˆj + 2kˆ are such that, a + λb is
247. Equation of the plane that contains the lines r
r ˆ ˆ
r = (i + j) + λ(iˆ + 2jˆ – k)
ˆ perpendicular to c , then λ =
r ˆ ˆ (a) –14 (b) 7
and r = (i + j) + µ(–iˆ + ˆj – 2k) ˆ , is
(c) 10 (d) 14
r
(
(a) r. 2iˆ + ˆj − 3kˆ = −4 ) MHT CET-2021
r
(
(b) r × −î + ˆj + kˆ = 0 ) Ans. (a) : Given vectors are,
r
a = 2iˆ + 2ˆj + 3k,
r
ˆ b = −î + 2ˆj + kˆ , cr = 3iˆ + ˆj + 2kˆ
(
r ˆ ˆ ˆ
(c) r. −i + j + k = 0 ) r
(d) None of these
r
(
a + λb = 2iˆ + 2ˆj + 3kˆ + λ −î + 2ˆj + kˆ )
Manipal UGET-2015 = ( 2 − λ ) î + ( 2 + 2λ ) ˆj + ( 3 + λ ) kˆ
Ans. (c) : Given that, r
r
( )
r = î + ˆj + λ(iˆ + 2ˆj − k)ˆ
r
( ) r
Now, if a + λb and c are perpendicular to each other
Then their dot product is zero.
And,
r ˆ ˆ
( )
r = i + j + µ(−î + ˆj − 2k) ˆ
3(2 – λ) + (2 + 2λ) + 2 (3 + λ) = 0
uur uur
Normal to the plane containing both line is b1 × b 2 Or 6 – 3λ + 2 + 2λ + 6 + 2λ = 0
Or λ + 14 = 0
( ) (
= î + 2jˆ − kˆ × −î + ˆj − 2kˆ ) λ = – 14

D. Angle and Magnitude of Unit And y + z = 4 ....(iii)
On adding equation (i), (ii) and (iii) we get –
Vector and its Application 2(x+ y+ z) = 9
9
( )
250. The value of x if x î + ˆj + kˆ is a unit vector is ∴ x+y+z =
2
1 9 9
(a) ± (b) ± 3 ∴ x = – 4 and y = − 3
3 2 2
1 9
(c) ±3 (d) ± And, z = − 2
3 2
Karnataka CET-2016 1 3 5
x = ,y = ,z =
Ans. (a) : Given, 2 2 2
A is unit vectors, r r r
252. If a, b, c are three vectors, such that
(
x î + ˆj + kˆ ) r r r r r r
a + b + c = 0. a = 1, b = 2, c = 3,
r
then
( )
x î + ˆj + kˆ = xiˆ + xjˆ + xkˆ rr rr rr
a.b + b.c + c.a is equal to
$ $ $ (a) 0 (b) –7
∴ xi + x j + xk =1 (c) 7 (d) 1
COMEDK-2020
(x) + (x) + (x) = 1
2 2 2
Ans. (b) :Given,
r r r
3x 2 = 1 a+b+c =0
r r r
a = 1, b = 2and c = 3
x 3 =1 rr rr rr
a.b + b.c + c.a = ?
1
x= We know that,
r r r r r r rr rr
3
1
( r
) r
a + b + c =| a |2 + | b |2 + | c | +2(a.b + b.c + b.a)
x=± rr rr rr
3 0 = 12 + 22 + 32 + 2(a.b + b.c + c.a)
r r r r r rr rr rr
251. If p = xa + yb + zc and p = 3iˆ + 2jˆ + 4k, ˆ 2(a.b + b.c + c.a) = –14
r r rr rr rr
where a = î + ˆj,b = ˆj + k, ˆ cr = kˆ + î, then value of a.b + b.c + c.a = –7
x, y, z are respectively 253. Let a$ and b$ be two unit vectors such that the
3 1 5 5 3 1 π
(a) , , (b) , , angle between them is . If θ is the angle
2 2 2 2 2 2 4
1 3 −5
(c) , ,
2 2 2
1 3 5
(d) , ,
2 2 2
between the vectors a$ + b$ and ( )
Ans. (d) : Given,
MHT CET-2009 ( ( ))
a$ + 2b$ + 2 a$ × b$ , then the value of 164 cos2θ
is equal to :
r r r r
p = xa + yb + zc (a) 90 + 27 2 (b) 45 +18 2
r
p = 3iˆ + 2iˆ + 4kˆ (c) 90 + 3 2 (d) 54 + 90 2
r ˆ ˆ
a=i+ j JEE Main-29.07.2022, Shift-I
r ˆ
b = ˆj + kˆ Ans. (a) :Given that angle between â and b
r π
c = kˆ + î =φ
According to question, 4
r r r r ˆ ˆ =| aˆ | | bˆ | cos φ
a.b
p = xa + yb + zc
3iˆ + 2ˆj + 4kˆ = x ( î + ˆj) + y ( ˆj + kˆ ) + z ( kˆ + î )
1
Now, â.bˆ = cos φ =
2
3i$ + 2$j + 4k$ = ( x + z ) î + ( x + y ) ˆj + ( y + z ) kˆ
On comparing both sides, we get- Now, cos θ =
ˆ
(
(aˆ + b). aˆ + 2bˆ + 2 aˆ × bˆ( ) ) .......(i)
∴
....(i)
x+z=3 (
| aˆ + bˆ | aˆ + 2bˆ + 2 aˆ × bˆ )
x + y =2 ....(ii) ( )(
| aˆ + bˆ |2 = aˆ + bˆ . aˆ + bˆ )
| aˆ + bˆ |2 = 2 + 2a.b
ˆ ˆ = 2+ 2 Ans. (c) : Given,
Now,
r r
a × b = a$ b$ sin φn$ ( ) ( )
aˆ + bˆ + 2 aˆ × bˆ = 2, θ ∈ ( 0, π )
n̂ ( aˆ + bˆ ) + 2 ( aˆ × bˆ )  ( aˆ + bˆ ) + 2 ( aˆ × bˆ )  = 4
â × bˆ = when nˆ is vector perpendicular aˆ and bˆ   
2
aˆ + bˆ + 4 ( aˆ × bˆ ) + 0 = 4
2 2
r
Let, c = aˆ × bˆ
r r rr
When know, c × b = 0, c.b = 0 Let the angle be θ between â and bˆ
r2
â + 2bˆ + 2c 2 + 2cosθ + 4sin2θ = 4
2 + 2cosθ – 4cos2θ = 0
(4) Let, cosθ = t
= 1+ 4 + + 4aˆ ⋅ bˆ + 8bˆ ⋅ c$ + 4aˆ ⋅ c$
2 Then, 2t2 – t – 1 = 0
4 2t2 –2t + t – 1 = 0
= 7+ = 7+2 2 2t(t –1) + (t –1) = 0
2
Now, (2t + 1) (t –1) = 0
r 1
ˆ r + 2b + 2c)
= (aˆ + b).(a
r t = – or t = 1
2
2
= aˆ + 2a.bˆ ˆ + 0 + bˆ ⋅ aˆ + 2 | bˆ |2 +0 1
cos θ = –
2 1 3 2
=1+ + + 2 =3+ 2π
2 2 2 θ=
By equation (i) 3
An t = 1 not possible as θ∈ (0, π).
3
3+ Now,
Now, cos θ = 2
r r  2π 
2+ 2 7+2 2 S1= 2 a × b = 2sin  
 3 
( )
2
9 2 +1 r r  2π 
cos θ =
2 a − b = 1 + 1 – 2cos  
2(2 + 2) 7 + 2 2 ( )  3 
 1
 9 
cos θ = 
2
2 +1 ( ) = 1+1 – 2 ×  –  =
 2
3

2 2  7+2 2 ( ) Hence, S1 is correct.
ˆ
S2 projection of aˆ on (aˆ + b)
164 cos2θ =
(82) × (9) ( 2 +1 7 – 2 2 )( )  2π 
( )( ) ( ) = 1 + cos  3  = 1 – 2
1
2 7+2 2 7–2 2 ˆ aˆ + bˆ
a. 1
=
82 (9) ( 7 2)
2 – 4+7– 2 â + bˆ 2π 1 2
2 + 2cos
= 3
2 ( 41)
Hence, S2 is also correct.
( )
= 9 2 5 2 + 3 = 90 + 27 2 255. Let â,bˆ be unit vectors. If ĉ be a vector such
r π
254. Let â and bˆ be two unit vectors such that that the angle between â and c is , and
12
( ) ( )
aˆ + bˆ + 2 aˆ × bˆ = 2. If θ ∈ (0, π) is the angle
r r
bˆ = c + 2(c × a)
r2
ˆ then 6c is equal to
between â and bˆ , then among the statements: (a) 6(3 – 3) (b) 3 + 3

(c) 6(3 + 3) (d) 6( 3 + 1)
(S1 ) : 2 a$ × b$ = a$ − b$
JEE Main-24.06.2022, Shift-I
(S2): The projection of aˆ on aˆ + bˆ is
1
2
(
Ans. (c) : We have,
2 r ) r
bˆ = c + 2 ( c × aˆ )
2
(a) Only (S1) is true

r2 r2
(b) Only (S2) is true
(c) Both (S1) and (S2) are true
r 2 r r
b = c + 4 c × a$ + 4 c c × a$ ( )
r r2 π
(d) Both (S1) and (S2) are false 1 = c + 4 c sin 2 + 0
JEE Main-24.06.2022, Shift-II 12
2 Similarly,
r r  3 –1
1 = | c |2 + 4 | c |2  
( x × $i ) = ( x × $i ) ⋅ ( x × $i )
2
 2 2 
r 1 3+ 3 = ( −βk$ + γ $j) ⋅ ( −βk$ + γ $j) = β 2
+ γ2
| c |2 = =
3– 3 6 Similarly,
r
(
Hence, 62 | c |2 = 6 3 + 3 ) ( x × $j) = α + γ
2
2 2
r r r r r r r
( x × k$ ) =α +β
2
256. If three unit vectors a,b,c satisfy a + b + c = 0 , 2 2
r r
then the angle between a and b is
Therefore,
2π 5π
( x × $i ) + ( x × $j) + ( x × k$ )
2 2 2
(a) (b)
3 6
π π = β2 + γ2 + α2 + γ2 + α2 + β2
(c) (d) 2
3 6 = 2(α2 + β2 + γ2) = 2 x
AP EAMCET-2010 r r r r r r r
Ans. (a) : Given, ( ) ( ) ( )
258. If a α × β + b β × γ + c γ × α = 0 where a, b, c
r r r
r r r
a + b+ c =0 are non-zero scalars, then the vectors α, β, γ are
r r r (a) Parallel (b) Non-coplanar
a +b=−c
r r2 r2 (c) Coplanar (d) Mutually perpendicular
a+b = c WB JEE-2021
r2 r2 r r Ans. (c): We have,
ur r r r r ur
r
a + b + 2a ⋅ b = 1
r ( ) ( ) (
a α ×β + b β× γ + c γ × α = 0 )
Q a and b are unit vector, a, b, c → scalars
r r ur r r
1 Scalars triple product of vectors α, β, γ is 0.
a ⋅b=−
2 Vectors are linearly dependent
r r 1 ur r r r r ur
a b cos θ = − ∴ They lie on the same plane then α ×β, β× γ, γ × α
r r 2 are coplanar.
We have, a and b are unit vectors ur r r
Hence, α,β, γ are coplanar vectors.
−1 r
= r r r
2 259. If a and b are unit vectors such that a + b is
−1 also ar unit vector, then the angle between
So, cos θ = r
2 a and b is
2π (a) 75° (b) 60°
cos θ= cos (c) 120° (d) 135°
3
2π
θ= AP EAMCET-21.09.2020, Shift-I
3 Ans. (c) : Given,
257. For any vector x, where î, ˆj,kˆ have their usual r r2
a + b =1
meanings the value of rr
2 2 2 a 2
+ b 2
+ 2a.b =1
x × î + x × ˆj + x × kˆ where î, ˆj, kˆ have their r r
2 + 2a ⋅ b = 1
usual meanings, is equal to r r
(a) |x|2 (b) 2|x|2 2a ⋅ b = −1
(c) 3|x|2 (d) 4|x|2 r r 1
a ⋅b=−
WB JEE-2017 2
r
Ans. (b) : Given, r r −1 | a |= 1
| a | ⋅ | b| cos θ =  r 
x = α$i + β$j + γ k$ 2 | b |= 1
Then, −1
1 × 1× cos θ =
x ×$i = − βk$ + γ $j 2
2 π
x × $j = k$ − γ $j cos θ= cos or cos120o
3
x × k$ = − α$j +β$i θ = 120o

260. In a right angle ∆ABC, ∠A = 90° and sides a, b, 4λ + 2 – 3λ – 2 + 6λ – 1 = 6
c are respectively, 5 cm, 4 cm and 3 cm. If a λ=1
force F has moments 0, 9 and 16 in N cm unit Hence, point of intersection is P (3, 5, 5) square of the
respectively about vertices A, B and C, the distance of P from (–1, –1, 2)
magnitude of F is
( )
2
(a) 3 (b) 4 = 42 + 62 + 32
(c) 5 (d) 9
( )
2
Jamia Millia Islamia-2007 = 16 + 36 + 9
Ans. (c) : According to question, = 61
r r
263. Let u = – 2iˆ + 2jˆ + 5kˆ and v = î − 2jˆ + 2k. ˆ Then
r r
angle between u and v is.....
4  −4 
(a) cos −1   (b) cos −1  
9  3 
r
Moment about A of force F = 0 4  −4 
(c) cos −1   (d) sin −1  
r  
3  9 
Moment about B of force F = 9
r AP EAMCET-21.09.2020, Shift-I
Moment about C of force F = 16
Ans. (a) : Let angle between vector,
∴ 3Fcosθ = 9
Fcosθ = 3 ....(i) u = –2iˆ + 2ˆj + kˆ and v = î – 2jˆ + 2kˆ is is θ.
rr
And, |uv| | –2 – 4 + 2 | 4
4Fsinθ = 16 Then, cos θ = r r = =
| u || v | 4 + 4 +1 1+ 4 + 4 9
F sinθ = 4 ....(ii)
By squaring equation (i) and equation (ii) and adding,  
4
θ = cos –1  
we get – 9
F2 = 3 2 + 4 2 r r r r
264. If a and b are unit vectors such that a + b is
F = 5N
r r also a unit vector, then the angle between a and
261. Angle between the vectors 3(a × b) and b is.....
r r r r (a) 60o (b) 90o
( )
b – a ⋅ b a is
(c) 30 o
(d) 120o
π AP EAMCET-21.09.2020, Shift-I
(a) (b) 0
2 Ans. (d) : For two vectors a and b it is given (a + b) is
π π also unit vector
(c) (d) So, a + b =1
4 3
r r 2
r r
Jamia Millia Islamia-2006
r rr r (
a + b =1 )
( )
Ans. (a) : Let, P = 3 a × b and Q = b – (a.b)a
r2 r2 rr
r r | a + b + 2a b = 1
P is the vector perpendicular to the plane of a , b .
rr rr
Q is the vector lies in the plane of a b 1 + 1 + 2 a b =1
rr
∴ P.Q = 0 2 + 2ab = 1
π rr
The angle between them is . 2 a b = –1
2
2.ab cos θ = − 1
262. The square of the distance of the point of
x−1 y – 2 z +1 −1
intersection of the line = = cos θ =
2 3 6 2ab
and the plane 2x – y + z = 6 from the point (–1, 1
cos θ= −
–1, 2) is 2
JEE Main 31.08.2021 Shift-I rr 1
Ans. (61) : Given that, ab = –
2
x −1 y − 2 z +1 a and b is θ
Any point on line = = =λ Let angle between
2 3 6 1
P(2λ + 1, 3λ + 2, 6λ – 1) Then, cos θ = –
2
If P lies on the plane 2x – y + z = 6
2(2λ + 1) – (3λ + 2) + (6λ – 1) = 6 θ = 120°
r r
265. If a = î + 2jˆ + 2kˆ and b = 3iˆ + 6jˆ + 2k, ˆ then the Ans. (a) : Given that,
r r r r r
vector in the direction of a and having a = 8b and c = − 7b
r
magnitude as | b | is Let,
r
( ˆ ˆ
(a) 7 i + 2 j + 2k )ˆ (b) (7 ˆ ˆ
)
i + 2 j + 2kˆ b
r
= b1 $i + b 2 $j + b3 k$
( )
9
a = 8 b1 $i + b 2 $j + b3 k$
(c)
3
(
7 ˆ ˆ
)
i + 2 j + 2kˆ (d) None of these
and
r
Ans. (c) : Given that,
Rajasthan PET-2010
(
c = −7 b1$i + b 2 $j + b3 k$ )
r r r
a = $i + 2$j + 2k$ Consider that angle between a and c is x.
r Thus,
b = 3i$ + 6$j + 2k$ rr
a.c
rr cos x = r r
r ba a c
So, the required vector b ⋅ a$ = r
a
cos x =
( )
−56 b12 + b 2 2 + b3 2
32 + 62 + 22 $ $ 7 × 8 b12 + b 2 2 + b3 2 × b12 + b 2 2 + b3 2
= (
12 + 22 + 22
)
i + 2 j + 2kˆ
cosx = – 1
cosx = cos 180o
(7
)
= $i + 2$j + 2k$
3
x =180o or π
266. The number of vectors of unit length 269. The number of vector of unit length
perpendicular to plane of vector a = (1, 1, 0)
perpendicular to vectors a = î + ˆj and
and b = (0, 1, 1) is/ are
b = ˆj + kˆ is (a) one (b) two
(a) infinite (b) one (c) three (d) infinite
(c) two (d) three Jamia Millia Islamia-2012
Manipal UGET-2020 Ans. (b) : Let the vector be ai$ + b$j + ck$
Ans. (c) : Vector which is perpendicular to vertors a
(a) a(1) + b (1) + c(0) = 0
and b, is a×b or b×a.
a+b=0 ....(i)
Hence, two vectors are possible which are perpendicular
to a and b. (b) a (0) + b(1) + c(1) = 0
b+c ....(ii)
267. If | a + b |= a – b |, then a and b are
(a) parallel (c) a + b + c =1
2 2 2
....(iii)
(b) perpendicular ⇒ a2 + (–a)2 + (a)2 = 12
(c) angle between a and b is 45º 3a2 = 1
(d) angle between a and b is 60º 1
Manipal UGET-2018 a =±
3
Ans. (b) : Given, | a + b | = | a − b | ∴ there are two vectors
Squaring both sides,
⇒ | a +b |2 = | a − b |2 r $i − $j + k$
v1 =
⇒ |a|2 + | b |2 + 2 a.b = | a |2 + | b |2 −2a.b 3
⇒ 4 a.b = 0 r −i + $j − k$
$
a ⋅ b=0 v 2=
3
hence, a is perpendicular to b. 270. The triad (x, y, z) of real number such that
r r r
268. The non-zero vectors a,b and c are related by
r r
a = 8b and c = –7b. Then, the angle between a
( ) (
3iˆ − ˆj + 2kˆ = 2iˆ + 3jˆ − kˆ x + )
and c is ( ) (
î − 2ˆj + 2kˆ y + −2iˆ + ˆj − 2kˆ z is )
(a) π (b) 0
(a) ( −2,5,3) (b) ( 2, −5,3)
π π
(c) (d)
4 2 (c) ( 2,5,3) (d) ( 2,5, −3)
Assam CEE-2022 AP EAMCET-2017
Ans. (c) : Given that, Squaring both side –
(3i$ − $j + 2k$ ) = ( 2i$ + 3j$ − k$ ) x + ($i − 2$j + 2k$ ) y + ( −2i$ + $j − 2k$ ) z
2 2
a+b = c
On comparing we get, 2 2 2 2 2
2x + y – 2z = 3 a + b + 2. a ⋅ b = c
3x – 2y + z = 1
–x + 2y – 2z = 2
Above system of equation is satisfied by in coordinates
(
32 + 52 + 2.ab cos α = 72 a ⋅ b = ab cos θ = cos α )
of potion (c). 9 + 25 + 2 × 3 × 5 cos α = 49
2 × 3 × 5 cos α = 15
271. Let the vector a and b be such that a = 3 2 cos α = 1
2 1
and b = , then a × b is unit vector, if the cos α =
3 2
cos α = cos 60°
angle between a and b is ______
π
π π cos α =
(a) (b) 3
6 3 π
π π ∴α=
(c) (d) 3
4 2 273. What is the magnitude of the resultant force of
GUJ CET-2023 the forces (1, 2, –1) and (–3, 0, 2)?
GUJCET-2021
(a) 5 (b) 5
2 (c) 9 (d) 3
Ans. (c) : | a |= 3,| b | =
3 GUJCET-2007
r r
Now, a × b is a unit vector Ans. (d) : Force,
ur
F1 (1, 2, –1) = î + 2ˆj – kˆ
| a × b |= 1 uur
& F (–3, 0, 2) = −3iˆ + 0jˆ + 2kˆ
2
| a × b | = | a || b | sin θ nˆ Resultant force,
r ur uur
| a × b | = | a || b | sin θ (∵ | nˆ |= 1) F = F1 + F2
r
1 = 3×
2
× sin θ
( ) (
F = î + 2jˆ – kˆ + –3iˆ + 0jˆ + 2kˆ )
r
3 F = –2iˆ + 2ˆj + kˆ
1 Magnitude of resultant force
= sin θ
2
F = (−2)2 + (2) 2 + (1) 2
π
θ= | F |= 4 + 4 + 1
4
r r r r r r | F |= 3
272. If a + b + c = 0 and a = 3, b = 5, c = 7 and
r r 5π
( )
a,b = α, then α = ________. 274. If the angle between a and b(a,b ≠ 0) is
6
and
2π π magnitude of projection of a on b is 6 ,
(a) (b) 3
3 6
π 5π then | a | = ................ .
(c) (d)
3 6 3
MHT CET-2017 (a) 6 (b)
2
GUJCET-2017 (c) 12 (d) 4
Kerala -2017
GUJCET-2009
Ans. (c) : Given,
Ans. (d):
a + b + c = 0 and | a |= 3 | b |= 5,| c |= 7 Given,
Then, 5π
Angle between a and b is and projection of
a +b+c = 0 6
a + b = −c a ⋅b 6
a on b is =
| a + b |=| c | |b| 3

∵ a ⋅ b = | a || b |cos θ 4 – 4 +1 1
= =
a⋅b |a ||b | cos θ 6 4 + 4 +1 4 + 4 +1 9. 9
∴ = = |a | cos θ = 1
|b | |b | 3 sin φ =
9
5π 6
a .cos = 1
6 3 φ = sin –1  
9
 3 6 ∴ Pythagoras theorem,
a . =
 2  3 (AB)2 + (BC)2 = AC2
  (BC)2 = (9)2 – (1)2
6 2 12 (BC)2 = 81 – 1 = 80
a = × =
3 3 3 BC = 4 5
|a | = 4 Then,
 1 
275. The position vectors of three vertices in order tan –1  
of a parallelogram are respectively 4 5
r
ˆ î + 3jˆ + 5kˆ and 7iˆ + 9jˆ + 11kˆ , then find
î + ˆj + k, 277. If x is a vector in the direction of (2, – 2, 1) of
r
magnitude 6 and y is a vector in the direction
out the position vector of its fourth vertex. r r
of (1, 1, – 1) of magnitude 3, then | x + 2y | =
(
ˆ
(a) 6 i + j + k ˆ ˆ ) ˆ( ˆ
(b) 7 i + j + kˆ ) ____.
ˆ
(c) 2i − 4k ˆ ˆ ˆ
(d) 6i + 8j + 10kˆ (a) 35 (b) 17
GUJCET-2008 (c) 40 (d) 2 10
Ans. (b) : Let, GUJCET-2019
r Ans. (d) : Given,
a = $i + $j + k$
r
$ $
b = i + j + 5k $ x
(
r 6 2i$ − 2$j + k$
=
)
r 4 + 4 +1
c = 7i$ + 9$j + 11k$ And,
r
d= ? r
y=
(
3 $i + $j + k$ )
ABCD is a parallelogram so, 1+1+1
r
1 r r 1 r r
2
(b+d = a+c ) ( 2
) x = $ − 4j$ + 2k$
4i
And,
ur r r r
( )
r
d = a + c − b = 8i$ + 10$j + 12k$ − $i + 3j$ + 5k$ y = $i + $j − k$
r r
= 7i$ + 7$j + 7k$ x + 2y = 4i$ − 4$j + 2k$ + 2i$ + 2$j − 2k$
r r
x + 2y = 6i$ − 2$j
(
= 7 $i + $j + k$ ) r r
x + 2y = 36 + 4
276. The measure of the angle between the line r r
r
r = ( 2,-3,1) + k ( 2, 2,1) ; k ∈:R and the plane 2x x + 2y = 2 10
– 2y + z + 7 = 0 is ____. r r r r r r
278. If | x |=| y |=| x + y |= 1, then | x – y | = ____.
1 1
(a) tan -1 (b) sin −1 (a) 3 (b) 1
4 5 3
(c) 3 (d) 2
−1 1
(c) cos (d) π/2 GUJCET-2019
9 Ans. (a) : We have,
GUJCET-2019 r r2 r r2
x + y + x − y = 2 (1× 12 + 1 × 12 )
Ans. (a) : Given that,
rr r r2
a.b r r 12 + x − y = 2 (1 + 1)
sin φ = r r a = (2, 2,1) and b = (2, –2,1)
|a||b| r r2
x − y = 4 −1
(2, 2,1) r r
= x−y = 3
2 + 2 + 1 2 + (–2) + 1
2 2 2 2 2 2

279. A tetrahedron has vertices P (1, 2, 1), Q (2, 1, 25 = 13 × 5 sinθ
3), R (–1, 1, 2) and O (0, 0, 0), Then the angle
between the faces OPO and POR is cos θ = 1 − sin 2 θ
2
 19   17  5 144 12
(a) cos −1   (b) cos −1   = 1−   = =
 35   35   13  169 13
 17   19  12
(c) cos −1   (d) cos −1   cos θ =
 31   31  13
rr r r
MHT CET-2022 a.b = a b cos θ
Ans. (a) : The vertices of the tetrahedron
rr 12
P (1,2,1) Q (2,1,3) R (–1, 1,2) and O(0,0,0) a.b = 5 × 13 ×
13
rr
a.b = 60
281. A vector with magnitude of 3 units, which is
perpendicular to each of the vectors
r r
a = 3i$ + $j – 4k$ and b = 6i$ + 5j$ – 2k$ , is given by
Normal vector to the plane OPQ (

(a) ± 2i$ + 2$j + k$ ) (
(b) ± 2i$ – 2$j + k$ )
ur uuur uuur
$i $j k$ (c) ± ( 2i$ + 2$j – k$ ) (d) ± ( 2i$ – 2$j – k$ )
X1 = OP × OQ = 1 2 1 MHT CET-2022
2 1 3 Ans. (b) : Given,
r r
î ( 6 − 1) − ˆj ( 3 − 2 ) + kˆ (1 − 4 ) a = 3iˆ + ˆj − 4kˆ and b = 6iˆ + 5jˆ − 2kˆ
uur
x1 = 5iˆ − ˆj − 3kˆ î ˆj kˆ
r r
And Normal vector the plane PQR a × b = 3 1 −4
î ˆj kˆ 6 5 −2
2 1 −1 î ( −2 + 20 ) − ˆj ( −6 + 24 ) + k$ (15 − 6 ) = 18iˆ − 18ˆj + 9kˆ
1 −1 2
Now vector,
uur r r
x 2 = î − 5jˆ − 3kˆ r 3 a×b
c= r r
( )
Angle between the faces OPQ and PQR
uur r a×b
x ⋅ x2
cos θ = uur1 uur
x1 x 2
=
(
3 18iˆ − 18ˆj + 9kˆ )
(18 ) + ( −18 ) + ( 9 )
2 2 2
5 + 5 + 9 19
= =
35. 35 35
 19  =
(
3 18iˆ − 18ˆj + 9kˆ )
= θ = cos −1   27
 35 
=
(
3 × 9 2i − 2ˆj + kˆ
ˆ )
r r r r 27
280. If a = 5, b =13and a × b = 25, If
Required vector = ± 2iˆ − 2ˆj + kˆ
π
< θ < π, where θ is angle between a and b , r r
2 282. If the vectors a = 2i$ + 2j$ + 3k,
$ b = –i$ + 2j$ + k$
r r r
then a ⋅ b has the value r
(a) –60 (b) –30
r
and c = 3i$ + $j are such that a + λb ( )
r
(c) 60 (d) 30 perpendicular to c , then the value of λ is
MHT CET-2022 8
Ans. (c) : (a) (b) 8
r 3
r r r
a = 5 b = 13 a × b = 25 (c) 10 (d) –8
MHT CET-2022
We know that
r r r r Ans. (b) : Given,
a × b = a b sin θ r r r
a = 2iˆ + 2ˆj + 3kˆ b = −î + 2ˆj + k c = 3iˆ + j

r
r
( ) (
a + λb = 2iˆ + 2ˆj + 3kˆ + λ −î + 2ˆj + kˆ ) 285. If
r
angle
2$ $ $
between
r
$
the
$ $
vectors
a = 2λ i + 4λ j + k and b = 7i – 2j + λk is obtuse,
r r
a + λb = î ( 2 − λ ) + ( 2 + 2λ ) ˆj + ( 3 + λ ) kˆ then the values of λ lie in
It is perpendicular to  1
(a) 0,  (b) (–∞, 0)
( )( )
( 2 − λ ) î + ( 2 + 2λ ) ˆj + ( 3 + λ ) kˆ ⋅ 3iˆ + ˆj = 0  2
3(2 – λ) + (2 + 2λ) ⋅ 1 = 0 1   1
(c)  , ∞  (d)  0, 
6 – 3λ + 2 + 2λ = 0 2   2
λ=8 MHT CET-2022
r r
283. The magnitude of the projection of the vector Ans. (d) : a = 2λ i + 4λj + k b = 7i − 2jˆ + λkˆ
2ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ
2i$ + $j + k,
$ on the vector perpendicular to the We know that,
rr
plane containing the vectors a.b
cos θ = r r
$i + $j + k$ and $i + 2j$ + 3k$ , is a b
2 for obtuse angle
(a) units (b) 6 units cosθ < 0
6
rr
1 5 a.b
(c) units (d) units r r <0
6 6 a b
MHT CET-2022 r r
Ans. (c) : Normal vector to the plane contain vectors a.b < 0
î + ˆj + k and î + 2ˆj + 3kˆ ( )( )
2λ 2 î + 4λˆj + kˆ . 7iˆ − 2ˆj + λkˆ < 0
r
( ) (
n = î + ˆj + kˆ × î + 2ˆj + 3kˆ ) 14λ 2 − 8λ + λ < 0
14λ 2 − 7λ < 0
î ˆj kˆ 7λ ( 2λ − 1) < 0
1 1 1 1
λ<
1 2 3 2
r ˆ Angle between the given vectors are obtuse
n = i ( 3 − 2 ) − ˆj ( 3 − 1) + kˆ (2 – 1)
 1
r if λ ∈  0, 
n = î − 2ˆj + kˆ  2
ˆ ˆ ˆ r r
Projection 2i + j + k on normal vector n 286. If a and b are two vectors such that
r r r r
=
( )( )
2iˆ + ˆj + k î − 2ˆj + kˆ
a = b = 2 with a ⋅ b = –1 , then the angle
r r
between aandb is
(1) + ( −2 ) + (1)
2 2 2
5π 2π
(a) (b)
2 − 2 +1 1 6 3
= =
6 6 5π 3π
r (c) (d)
r 9 4
284. If a and b are vectors such that
r r r r r r MHT CET-2022
a = 3, b = 2 and a ⋅ b = 5, then a – b = Ans. (b) : Given,
r r rr
(a) 23 (b) 3 a =b= 2 a.b = −1
(c) 5 (d) 3 r r
MHT CET-2022 cos θ = ar ⋅ b r
Ans. (b) : Given, a b
r r rr
a = 3, b = 2, a.b = 5 −1
cos θ =
r r2 r2 r2
a − b = a + b − 2a.b
rr ( )( )2 ⋅ 2
−1
r r2 cos θ = = 120º
a − b = ( 3) + ( 2 ) − 2 × 5 = 9 + 4 – 10
2 2
2
 2π 
r r2 cos θ = cos  
a−b =3  3 
r r 2π
a−b = 3 θ=
3
r r
287. Let a = 3i$ + 2j$ + xk$ and b = $i – $j + k$ , for some 26 26
r r (c) (d)
real x. Then a × b = r is possible. If 5 6
38
3 3 3 (e)
(a) 0 < r ≤ (b) 3 < r <5 6
2 2 2 Kerala CEE-2020
3 3 3 Ans. (b) : Given,
(c) < r <3 (d) r ≥ 5 r r
2 2 2 a = î + ˆj − kˆ b = 2iˆ + 3jˆ + kˆ
MHT CET-2022 We know that
Ans. (d) : Given, r r r r
r ˆ ˆ r a×b a ⋅b
ˆ ˆ
a = 3i + 2 j + xk and b = i − j + k ˆ ˆ sin θ = r r , cos θ = r r
a b a b
$i $j k$
r r r r
sin θ a×b
a×b= 3 2 x = tan θ = r r
1 −1 1 cos θ a.b
r r
î ( 2 + x ) − ˆj ( 3 − x ) + kˆ ( −3 − 2 ) a×b
tan θ = r r ….(i)
a.b
( x + 2 ) î − ˆj ( 3 − x ) − 5kˆ î ˆj kˆ
r r r r
a × b = ( x + 2 ) + ( x − 3) + ( −5)
2 2 2
a × b = 1 1 −1
2 2 3 1
 1  75
= 2 x −  + r r
 2 4 a × b = î (1 + 3) − ˆj (1 + 2 ) + kˆ ( 3 − 2 )
r r 75 5 3
∴ Maximum value of a × b is = = 4iˆ − 3jˆ + kˆ
2 2 r r
r a × b = 16 + 9 + 1 = 26
r 5 3
a×b ≥ rr
2 ( )(
a.b = î + ˆj − kˆ 2iˆ + 3jˆ + kˆ )
5 3
r≥ =2+3–1=4
2 r r r r
Putting value of a × b and a ⋅ b in equation (i), we get -
288. The value of λ such that the vectors 2iˆ – ˆj + 2kˆ
and 3iˆ + 2λˆj are perpendicular is 26
tan θ =
(a) 0 (b) 1 4
r r r r r
(c) 2 (d) 3 290. Let a be a unit vector. If ( x − a ) ⋅ ( x + a ) = 12
(e) 4 r
then the magnitude of x is
Kerala CEE-2020
(a) 8 (b) 9
Ans. (d) : Let,
r r (c) 10 (d) 13
a = 2iˆ − ˆj + 2kˆ b = 3iˆ + 2λˆj + 0kˆ
(e) 12
When two vectors are perpendicular
rr Kerala CEE-2017
a.b = 0
Ans. (d) : Given,
( )( )
2iˆ − ˆj + 2kˆ 3iˆ + 2λˆj + 0kˆ = 0 r
a =1
6–2λ=0 r r r r
6 = 2λ ( )(
x − a x + a = 12 )
r r r r r r r r
λ= =3
6 x ⋅ x + x ⋅ a − a ⋅ x − a ⋅ a =12
2 2 2
λ=3 x − a = 12
r r
289. If a = î + ˆj – k,bˆ = 2iˆ + 3jˆ + kˆ and θ is the angle x 2 − 1 = 12
between them, then tan θ = 2
x = 13
38 26
(a) (b) x = 13
4 4
291. Let ABCD be a parallelogram. If
uuur uuur 293. The angle between the two vectors $i + $j + k$ and
AB = $i + 3j$ + 7k,$ AD = 2i$ + 3j$ – 5k$ and Pr is a
uuur r 2i$ – 2j$ + 2k$ is equal to
unit vector parallel to AC , then P is equal to. 2 1
(a) cos −1   (b) cos −1  
(a)
2
(
1 $ $ $
2i + j + 2k) (b)
3
(
1 $ $ $
2i − 2j + 2k ) 3 6
5 1
(c) cos −1   (d) cos −1  
(c)
7
(
1 $ $ $
3i + 6j + 2k ) (d)
7
(
1 $ $ $
6i + 2 j + 3k ) 6  18 
1
(e) cos −1  
(e)
7
(
1 $ $ $
6i + 2 j − 3k ) 3
Kerala CEE-2015
Kerala CEE-2015
Ans. (e) : Given,
Ans. (c) : Given, r r
uuur a = î + ˆj + kˆ and b = 2iˆ − 2ˆj + 2kˆ
ˆ ˆ
AB = i + 3j + 7k ˆ
uuur
AD = 2iˆ + 3jˆ − 5kˆ
rr
a.b
cos θ = r r =
( )( )
î + ˆj + kˆ 2iˆ − 2ˆj + 2kˆ
=
2−2+2 2
=
a b 3 4+4+4 12. 3 6
1
cos θ =
3
1
uuur uuur uuur θ = cos−1  
AC = AB + AD  3
( ) ( ) (
= î + 3jˆ + 7kˆ + 2iˆ + 3jˆ − 5kˆ = 3iˆ + 6ˆj + 2kˆ ) 294. If the vectors PQ = – 3i + 4j + 4k and PR = 5i –
2j + 4k are the sides of a ∆PQR, then the length
r uuur of the median through P is
Now p is the unit vector Parallel to AC
uuur (a) 14 (b) 15
r AC 3iˆ + 6ˆj + 2kˆ 3iˆ + 6ˆj + 2kˆ
p = uuur = = (c) 17 (d) 18
AC 9 + 36 + 4 7
(e) 19
( )
1 Kerala CEE-2013
P = 3iˆ + 6ˆj + 2kˆ
7 Ans. (d) : Given,
uuur uuur
r PQ = −3iˆ + 4ˆj + 4k,
ˆ PR = 5iˆ − 2ˆj + 4kˆ
292. Let P (1, 2, 3) and Q (–1, –2, –3) be the two uuur uuur
uuur uuur
points and let O be the origin. Then, PQ +OP PQ + PR = 2iˆ + 2ˆj + 8kˆ
The length of the median through P
is equal to.
1 uuur uuur
(a) 13 (b) 14 = PQ + PR
2
(c) 24 (d) 12 1 1 1
= 2iˆ + 2ˆj + 8kˆ = 4 + 4 + 64 = 72 = 18
(e) 8 2 2 2
Kerala CEE-2015 r r
295. If a = 2i$ + 3j+ $ αk$ and b = 3i$ – α$j+ 2k$ , then the
Ans. (b) : Given, r r r r
r r r angle between a +b and a – b is equal to
P = (1,2,3) Q = (–1, –2, –3) O = (0,0,0)
uuur π
PQ = (–1,–1) î + ( −2 − 2 ) ˆj + kˆ ( −3 − 3) (a) 0 (b)
6
= −2iˆ − 4ˆj − 6kˆ π π
uuur (c) (d)
OP = (1 − 0 ) î + ( 2 − 0 ) ˆj + ( 3 − 0 ) kˆ 4 3
π
= î + 2ˆj + 3kˆ ( e)
uuur uuur 2
( ) ( ) (
PQ + OP = −2iˆ − 4ˆj − 6k + î + 2ˆj + 3kˆ ) Kerala CEE-2012
r r
= – î − 2ˆj − 3kˆ Ans. (e) : a = 2iˆ + 3jˆ + αkˆ b = 3iˆ − αˆj + 2kˆ
r
uuur uuur
PQ + OP = ( −1) + ( −2 ) + ( −3)
2 2 2
r
( )
a + b = 2iˆ + 3jˆ + αkˆ + 3iˆ − αˆj + 2kˆ
r r
1 + 4 + 9 = 14 a + b = 5iˆ + ( 3 − α ) ˆj + ( α + 2 ) kˆ

( 2iˆ + 3jˆ + αkˆ ) − ( 3iˆ − αˆj + 2kˆ ) Ans. (a) : Given,
r r
a − b = −î + ( 3 + α ) ˆj + ( α − 2 ) kˆ
r ˆ ˆ ˆ
( ) ( )
r = i + 2 j + 3k + λ 2iˆ + 3jˆ + 4kˆ and equation of plane
r r r r
(
a+b a−b )( )
r
(
r × î + 2ˆj − 2kˆ = 0 )
cos θ = r r r r Angle between line and plane is
a+b a −b
θ
(
=
)(
2iˆ + 3jˆ + 4kˆ î + 2ˆj − 2kˆ )
cos θ =
{ }{ }
5iˆ + ( 3 − α ) ˆj + ( α + 2 ) kˆ −î + ( 3 + α ) ˆj + ( α − 2 ) kˆ
sin
4 + 9 + 16
.
1+ 4 + 4
( 5) + ( 3 − α ) + ( α + 2 ) × 1 + ( 3 + α ) + ( α − 2 )
2 2 2 2 2 2 + 6 − 8
sin θ =
29 9
−5 + 9 − α + α − 4
2 2
cos θ = sinθ = 0
( 5) + ( 3 − α ) + ( α + 2 ) 1 + ( 3 + α ) + ( α − 2 ) θ = 0º
2 2 2 2 2
298. If the angle between a and c is 25°, the angle

cosθ = 0 between b and c is 65° and a + b = c, then the
π angle between a and b is
cos =
2 (a) 40° (b) 115°
(c) 25° (d) 65°
296. If the vectors 3i$ – 4j– $ k$ and 2i$ + 3j– $ 6k$
(e) 90°
represent the diagonals of a rhombus, then the Kerala CEE-2011
length of the side of the rhombus is Ans. (e) : The Resultant of a and b a + b = c
(a) 15 (b) 15 3
5 3 15 3
(c) (d)
2 2
17 3
(e)
2 So the angle between a and b = 25º + 65º = 90º
Kerala CEE-2012 299. If the scalar product of the vector î + ˆj + 2kˆ
Ans. (c) : Given,
uuur with the unit vector along miˆ + 2jˆ + 3kˆ is equal
AC = 3iˆ − 4ˆj − kˆ to 2, then one of the value of m is
uuur (a) 3 (b) 4
BD = 2iˆ + 3jˆ − 6kˆ
(c) 5 (d) 6
In ∆ ABC (e) 7
uuur uuur uuur
AC = AB + BC Kerala CEE-2010
3iˆ − 4ˆj − kˆ = a + b …..(i) Ans. (d) : The unit vector along mi + 2ˆj + 3kˆ
ˆ ( )
In ∆ABD miˆ + 2ˆj + 3kˆ
uuur uuur uuur =
BD = BA + AD m2 + 4 + 9
Scalar Product
2iˆ + 3jˆ − 6kˆ = −a + b …….(ii)
( miˆ + 2ˆj + 3kˆ ) = 2
Adding equation (i) and (ii)
( )
î + ˆj + 2kˆ .
m 2 + 13
2b = 5iˆ − ˆj − 7kˆ
m+2+6
25 + 1 + 49 75 5 3 =2
b= = = m 2 + 13
2 2 2
m+8
297. The angle between the line =2
m 2 + 13
r $ $
( $ $
) (
$ 4k$
)
)
r = i + 2j + 3k + λ 2i + 3j+ and the plane
m+8 = 2 ( m 2 + 13
r . ( $i + $j + 2k$ ) = 0 is
r
Squaring on both sides,
(a) 0° (b) 60° (m + 8)2 = 4 (m2 + 13)
(c) 30° (d) 90° m2 + 64 + 16 m = 4m2 + 52
(e) 45° 16 ± 256 + 144
Kerala CEE-2011 3m 2 − 16m − 12 = 0 =
6
16 ± 20 (c) −î − 2ˆj + kˆ (d) î + 2ˆj − kˆ
m=
6 Manipal UGET-2014
m = 6, –2/3
Ans. (b) : Here, the point is (1, 0, 3) and equation of
Take positive m = 6 plane is x + y +z = 1
300. Which one of the following vectors is of Let, α , β and γ be the image of plane.
magnitude 6 and perpendicular to both
r r α − 1 β − 0 γ − 3 −2 (1 + 0 + 3 − 1)
a = 2iˆ + 2jˆ + kˆ and b = î – 2jˆ + 2kˆ ? ∴ = = =
1 1 1 12 + 12 + 12
(a) 2iˆ – ˆj – 2kˆ (
(b) 2 2iˆ – ˆj + 2kˆ ) α − 1 β γ − 3 −6
= = =
(
(c) 3 2iˆ – ˆj – 2kˆ ) (d) 2 ( 2iˆ + ˆj – 2kˆ )
1 1 1
α = −1, β = −2, γ = 1
3
(e) 2 ( 2iˆ – ˆj – 2kˆ ) Hence, the image is − î − 2$j + k$

Kerala CEE-2010 303. If the angle between the vectors
r 2$ $ r $ $
Ans. (e) : Given, ˆ ˆ
a = 2λ i + 4λ j + k and b = 7i – 2j + λk is obtuse,
r r
a = 2iˆ + 2jˆ + kˆ b = î − 2ˆj + 2kˆ then λ ∈
î ˆj kˆ  1  1
r r (a)  0,  (b)  0, 
Required = a × b = 2 2 1  2  2
1 −2 2  1  1
(c) 0,  (d) 0, 
î ( 4 + 2 ) − ˆj ( 4 − 1) + kˆ ( −4 − 2 )  2  2
MHT CET-2021
6iˆ − 3jˆ − 6kˆ Ans. (a) : Given,
r r r r
(
3 2iˆ − j − 2kˆ ) a ⋅ b = a ⋅ b ⋅ cos θ
r r
But it magnitude is not 6 so the correct answer
∴ cos θ = r r
a⋅b ( )
(
2 2iˆ − ˆj − 2kˆ ) a⋅b
301. If θbe the angle between the unit vectors a and r r
θ (
a ⋅ b = 2λ 2î + 4λˆj + kˆ ⋅ 7iˆ − 2ˆj + λkˆ)( )
b, then cos is equal to
2 14λ 2 − 8λ + λ = 14λ 2 − 7 λ
1 1 r
(a) |a −b| (b) |a+b| a = 4λ 4 + 16λ 2 + 1
2 2 r
|a−b| |a+b| b = 49 + 4 + λ 2 = 53 + λ 2
(c) (d)
|a+b| |a−b| 14λ 2 − 7λ
Manipal UGET-2013 ∴ cosθ =
Ans. (b) : Given, (
4λ 4 + 16λ 2 + 1 ⋅ ( 53 + +λ 2 ))
r r
| a |= 1, | b |= 1 θ is obtuse
r r 2 r 2 r 2 r r ∴ cosθ < 0
| a + b | = | a | + | b | +2 | a || b | cos θ
r r 2 14λ2 – 7λ < 0
| a + b | = 1 + 1 + 2 cos θ 7λ (2λ – 1) < 0
r r 2  θ  Case – I. If λ < 0, (2λ – 1) > 0
| a + b | = 2 + 2  2cos 2 − 1
 2  1
r r 2 ⇒ λ < 0, and λ >
θ |a+b| 2
cos 2 = Case-II. If λ > 0 and 2λ – 1 = 0
2 4
r r 1
θ |a+b| ⇒ λ > 0 and λ =
cos = 2
2 2
1
302. The image of the point with position vector ∴ 0 < λ <
2
(
î + 3kˆ in the plane r. î + ˆj + kˆ = 1 is)  1
∴ λ ∈  0, 
(a) î + 2ˆj + kˆ (b) î − 2jˆ + kˆ  2

E. Scalar (dot) and Vector (cross)
Products of vector (ˆ ˆ − 27ˆj.jˆ − 7k.k
= −40i.i ˆˆ ) Q î.iˆ = ˆj.jˆ = k.k

ˆ ˆ = 1

r r = −40 − 27 − 7 = −74
304. If a = î + 5k,
ˆ b = 2iˆ + 3k,ˆ cr = 4iˆ – ˆj + 2kˆ and r r r
r r r r r 306. If a,b, c are mutually perpendicular vectors
d = î – ˆj, then ( c – a ) . b × d = ( ) having magnitudes 1, 2, 3 respectively, then
r r r r rr
(a) 12 (b) 30 a + b + c b – a c  = ?
 
(c) 10 (d) 20
MHT CET-2020 (a) 0 (b) 6
Ans. (a) : Given, (c) 12 (d) 18
r MHT CET-2018
a = î + 5kˆ
r Ans. (c) : Given,
r
b = 2iˆ + 3kˆ r r
a = 1, b = 2, c = 3
r
c = 4iˆ − ˆj + 2kˆ r r r r rr
r a + b + c b − a c 
d = î − ˆj  
r r r r
(c − a ) ⋅ b × d = ? ( ) We know that
r r r r r r
( ) ( )
a + b + c .  b − a × c
r r
(
c − a = 4iˆ − ˆj + 2kˆ − î + 5kˆ ) ( ) 
r r r r r r r

= 4iˆ − ˆj + 2kˆ − î − 5kˆ ( )(

= a + b + c . b×c −a×c )
r rr r rr r rr r r r
= 3iˆ − ˆj − 3kˆ (
= a b c  −  b a c  = 2 a b c  = 2a. b × c )
î ˆj kˆ r r r r r r r r r
r r = 2 a . b × c cos 0o = 2 a . b × c = 2 a ⋅ b . c sin 90º
b×d = 2 0 3 = ( 0 + 3) î − ˆj ( 0 − 3) + kˆ ( −2 − 0 ) = 2 × 1 × 2 × 3 = 12
1 −1 0 r r
ˆ b = 2iˆ + λjˆ + kˆ and cr = î – ˆj + 4kˆ
307. If a = î + ˆj + k,
= 3i + 3jˆ − 2kˆ
ˆ r r r
r r r r ( )
and a. b × c = 10, then λ is equal to
( ) (
Hence, ( c − a ) ⋅ b × d = 3iˆ − ˆj − 3kˆ ⋅ 3iˆ + 3jˆ − 2kˆ )( ) (a) 6 (b) 7
= 9– 3 + 6 (c) 9 (d) 10
= 15 – 3 MHT CET-2016
= 12
r r Ans. (a) : Given,
305. If a = 2iˆ + 3jˆ - k,ˆ b = -iˆ + 2jˆ - 4kˆ and cr = î + ˆj + kˆ , r r r
r r r r a. b × c = 10 ( )
(
the a × b . ( a × c ) = ) r
(a) −74 (b) 64 a = î + ˆj + kˆ
r
(c) 74 (d) −64 b = 2iˆ + λˆj + kˆ
MHT CET-2020 r
Ans. (a) : Given, c = î − ˆj + 4kˆ
r λ=?
a = 2iˆ + 3jˆ − kˆ
r We know that,
ˆ ˆ
b = −i + 2 j − 4k ˆ
r 1 1 1
c = î + ˆj + kˆ a. ( b × c ) = 2 λ 1 = 10
r r r r
( )
a × b .( a × c ) = ? 1 −1 4
î ˆj kˆ ∴ 1( 4λ + 1) − 1( 8 − 1) + 1( −2 − λ ) = 10
r r 4λ + 1 − 7 − 2 − λ = 10
a × b = 2 3 −1 = î ( −12 + 2 ) − ˆj ( −8 − 1) + kˆ ( 4 + 3)
−1 2 −4 3λ − 8 = 10
r r
(
a × b = −10iˆ + 9ˆj + 7kˆ ) 3λ = 18
λ=6
$i $j k$ r ˆ ˆ r
r r ˆ b = 2iˆ – ˆj + kˆ and cr = 3iˆ – k,
308. If a = i + j – 2k, ˆ and
a ×c= 2 3 −1 = i ( 3 + 1) − j ( 2 + 1) + k ( 2 − 3) = 4i − 3j − k
$ $ $ $ $ $ r r
c = m a + nb then m + n =
1 1 1
(a) 0 (b) 1
r r r r
( a×b ⋅)( ) ( $ $ $ $
a × c = −10i + 9 j + 7k ⋅ 4i − 3j − k $ $
)( ) (c) 2 (d) −1
MHT CET-2016
Ans. (c) : Given that, sin 2 θ  2  θ 
r = 2× 2 Q1 − cos θ = 2sin  2  
a = î + ˆj − 2kˆ 2   
r
b = 2iˆ − ˆj + kˆ r r θ
r a − b = 2sin  
c = 3iˆ − kˆ 2
According to question, r r
r r r θ a −b
c = ma + nb sin =
2 2
3iˆ − kˆ = m ( î + ˆj − 2kˆ ) + n ( 2iˆ − ˆj + kˆ ) r r r r2 r r2
311. If a = 16, b = 4, then a × b + a.b =
∴ 3iˆ − kˆ = miˆ + mjˆ − 2mkˆ + 2niˆ − njˆ + nkˆ
(a) 4 (b) 16
∴ 3iˆ − kˆ = ( m + 2n ) î + ( m − n ) ˆj + ( n − 2m ) kˆ (c) 8 (d) 64
Comparing, we get Karnataka CET-2019
m + 2n = 3 ....(i) Ans. (d) : Given,
m–n=0 ....(ii) r r
n – 2m = – 1 ....(iii) a = 16, b = 4
On solving equation (i) × 2 and (iii) × 1, we get- r r2 r r2
2m + 4n = 6 …(iv) a×b + a⋅b = ?
– 2m + n = – 1 ….(v)
We know that
Add equation (iv) and (v)
r r2 r2 r2
5n = 5 a × b = a b sin 2 θ
n=1
r r2 r2 r2
Put the value n = 1 in equation (ii) a ⋅ b = a b cos 2 θ
m=1
So, m + n = 1 + 1 = 2 r r2 r r2 r2 r2 r2 r2
a×b + a⋅b = a b sin 2 θ + a b cos 2 θ
r r r r
r r
309. If c = 3a – 2b, then the value of a. b × c = ( ) r2 r2
(a) 1 (b) 0 a b ( sin 2 θ + cos 2 θ )
=
(c) −1 (d) 2 r r
= a b ×1= 16 × 4 = 64
MHT CET-2013
r r
Ans. (b) : Given, 312. If a = î + λˆj + 2k;
ˆ b=µ î + ˆj − kˆ are orthogonal
r r r
c = 3a − 2b r r
and a = b , then ( λ , µ ) =
r r r
(
a. b × c = ? ) 1 7
(a)  , 
7 1
(b)  , 
r r r r r r r r r
( ) r
( r
) r
(
a. b × c = a. b × 3a − 2b  = a. 3a × b − 2b × b
  ) 4 4 4 4
r r r r r r r r r 1 9  −1 9 
( ) ( )
= a. 3a × b − 0 = 3a. b × a = 3 ( 0 ) = 0 Q b × b = 0 ( )
(c)  , 
4 4
(d)  , 
 4 4
r r Karnataka CET-2018
310. If a and b are unit vectors and θ is the angle
Ans. (a) : Given,
r r θ r
between a and b, then sin is a = î + λˆj + 2kˆ
2 r
r r r r b = µî + ˆj − kˆ
a+b a−b
(a) (b) (λ, µ) = ?
2 2 We know that
r r r r r r
(c) a − b (d) a + b a⋅b = 0
Karnataka CET-2020 ( )(
î + λˆj + 2kˆ ⋅ µî + ˆj − kˆ = 0 )
Ans. (b) : Given, î.i.
ˆ µ + λˆj.jˆ − 2k.k
ˆ ˆ=0 Q ˆ ˆ = 1
î.iˆ = ˆj.jˆ = k.k
r r  
a = b =1
µ+λ−2=0
θ µ+λ=2 ....(i)
sin = ? r r
2 Given, a = b
We know that,
r r2 r2 r2 r r r r 1 + λ 2 + 4 = µ2 + 1 + 1
a − b = a + b − 2a ⋅ b Q ar .b = ar b cos θ 
  µ2 − λ 2 = 3
r r
= 1 + 1 − 2 a b cos θ = 2 – 2 |1| |1| cosθ ( µ + λ )( µ − λ ) = 3
= 2 – 2 cosθ = 2(1 – cosθ) 2(µ – 3) = 3

r
3 b =?
µ−λ = …(ii)
2 We know that
From equation (i) & (ii)
r r2 r r r r
7
µ = and λ =
1 (
a−b = a−b ⋅ a −b )( )
4 4 r r2 r2 r2 r r
1 7 a − b = a + b − 2a ⋅ b
(λ, µ) =  , 
( )
4 4 r2 r2
( )
2 2
7 = (1) + ( −2 ) + ( 3) + b − 2 b
2 2 2
r r
313. If a and b are mutually perpendicular unit
r r
( r
)( r
)
2
vectors, then 3a + 2b . 5a − 6b = 7 = 14 − b
r2
(a) 5 (b) 3 b =7
(c) 6 (d) 12 r
Karnataka CET-2018 b = 7
Ans. (b) : Given, r r r r r r r
r r 316. If a,b, c are unit vectors such that a + b + c = 0,
Unit vector, a = 1 b = 1 rr rr rr
rr then a.b + b.c + c.a =
a.b = 0 3 3
r r r r (a) (b) −
(3 a + 2 b ) ⋅(5 a – 6 b ) = 2 2
r r r r r r r r
= 15a ⋅ a − 18a ⋅ b + 10a ⋅ b − 12b ⋅ b 2 1
(c) (d)
=15 – (18 × 0 ) + (10 × 0) – (12 × 1) 3 2
= 15 – 12 = 3 Karnataka CET-2013, 2017, 2000
r r
314. If a = 2iˆ + λˆj + kˆ and b = î + 2jˆ + 3kˆ are MHT CET-2005
BITSAT-2013
orthogonal, then value of λ is
Ans. (b) : Given,
3 5 r r r r
(a) (b) 1 (c) − (d) 0 a+b+c = 0
2 2 r r r r r r
Karnataka CET-2017 a ⋅b + b⋅c + c ⋅a = ?
Ans. (c) : Given, We know that
r r r r r r
r
a = 2iˆ + λˆj + kˆ ( )(
a+b+c ⋅ a+b+c = 0 )
r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r
b = î + 2ˆj + 3kˆ a ⋅ a + a ⋅b + a ⋅ c + b ⋅ a + b ⋅ b + b ⋅ c + c ⋅ a + c ⋅ b + c ⋅ c = 0
r r r2 r r r2 r r r2
Q a & b are orthogonal a + 2a ⋅ b + 2c ⋅ a + b + 2b ⋅ c + c = 0
We know that r r r
r r Q Given, a = b = c = 1
a⋅b = 0
r r r r r r
( )( )
2iˆ + λˆj + kˆ ⋅ î + 2ˆj + 3kˆ = 0 (
1+1+1+ 2 a ⋅ b + b ⋅ c + c ⋅ a = 0 )
r r r r r r
2iˆ ⋅ î + 2λˆj ⋅ ˆj + 3kˆ ⋅ kˆ = 0 Q î ⋅ î = ˆj ⋅ ˆj = kˆ ⋅ kˆ = 1
 
( )
2 a ⋅ b + b ⋅ c + c ⋅ a = −3
r r r r r r −3
2 + 2λ + 3 = 0
5 + 2λ = 0
( a ⋅b + b⋅c + c ⋅a =) 2
r r 2 r 2 r
2λ = –5
−5
( ) ( )
317. If a × b + a.b = 144 and a = 4,then b =
r
λ= (a) 12 (b) 16
2 (c) 8 (d) 3
r ˆ ˆ r
315. Let a = i − 2j + 3k. ˆ If b is a vector such that Karnataka CET-2012, 2018
r r r2 r r r Ans. (d) : Given,
a.b = b and a − b = 7 , then b = ________ r r
a = 4, b = ?
(a) 14 (b) 21
r r 2 r r 2
(c) 7 (d) 7 ( ) ( )
a × b + a .b = 144
Karnataka CET-2015 We know that
Ans. (d) : Given, r r r r
r ˆ ˆ ˆ a × b = a b sin θ
a = i − 2 j + 3k
r r r r
r r r2 a . b = a b cos θ
a⋅b = b
r2 r2 r2 r2
r r a b sin 2 θ + a b cos 2 θ = 144
a−b = 7

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16.

Vector Algebra 1272 YCT

( 2 + q – 5) ˆi + ( p – 2 + 1) ˆj + ( –3 + 5 + r ) kˆ = 0iˆ + 0ˆj + 0kˆ

Ans. (d) : Given,

Vector Algebra 1277 YCT

Vector Algebra 1278 YCT

Vector Algebra 1279 YCT

( 3i$ − k$ ) ⋅ ( 2i$ + 4$j + 2k$ ) = 32 + ( −1) ⋅ 22 + 42 + 22 cos θ

(6 + 0 − 2) = 10 ⋅ 24 cos θ uuur uuur uuur uuur uuur uuur

Vector Algebra 1280 YCT

( 10 ) BC = − 3i$ − 2j$ + 6k$

uuur DA = 2i$ − 3j$ + 2k$

1− 4 −3 −3 3 −7iˆ − 17jˆ + 16kˆ are position vectors of the

Now, D. ar = ˆi + ˆj + k,ˆ IV. ∆ABC is a right-

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(a) CP (b) PQ 58. The projection of a line segment OP through

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= −17iˆ − 21jˆ − 97kˆ (c) 256sq.unit (d) None of these

Ans. (b) : Given,

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r 3i$ − 5j$ + 2k$ Now,

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Ans. (b) : Given, = (2cos α – 1) + (2 cos β – 1) + (2cos2λ –1 )

9 + 25 + 2(3×5) cosθ = 49 219. The direction ratio of a line which is

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227. If a,b,c are vectors of equal magnitude such uuur

Ans. (d) : Since, l1 l2 + m1m2 + n1n2 = cosθ =

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Ans. (c) : We know that,

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Then cosα + cos β + cos γ =

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between â and bˆ , then among the statements: (a) 6(3 – 3) (b) 3 + 3

(a) Only (S1) is true

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Normal vector to the plane OPQ (

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298. If the angle between a and c is 25°, the angle

(e) 2 ( 2iˆ – ˆj – 2kˆ ) Hence, the image is − î − 2$j + k$

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