Candidate`s Examination

Number…………………………………………………………

SECTION A (16 marks)

Answer all questions in this section
1. For each of the following items (i)-(x), choose the most correct answer from among the given
alternatives and write its letter in the answer booklet(s) provided.
(i) When a researcher from America visited Africa, he saw two lakes in two different countries
which were formed by the sinking of the earth’s surface. Which lakes did he see?
A. Lake Turkana and lake Tanganyika
B. Lake Rukwa and lake Edward
C. Lake Malawi and Albert
D. Lake Victoria and lake Chad
E. Lake Kivu and Edward
(ii) Mass wasting as the downward movement of weathered materials on a slope can be
categorized into slow and rapid mass wasting. Which of the following is slow?
A. Soil creep
B. Mudflow
C. Earth flow
D. Landslides
E. Rock slide
(iii) The earth is the only planet that supports life. What is its distance from the sun.?
A. 58 km
B. 108 km
C. 150 km
D. 88 km
E. 228 km
(iv) Which process of wind erosion leads to the formation of sand dunes and barchans?
A. Deflation
B. Abrasion
C. Hydration
D. Reflection
E. Attrition
(v) How do plant roots contribute in the formation of soil?
A. They facilitate the movement of soil particles from one place to another
B. They moisturize the soil
C. They facilitate the disintegration of rocks to produce smaller particles
D. They change soil texture
E. They accelerate soil erosion
(vi) If the scale of a map is 1:50000, what will be the actual ground distance of a river with
18cm on a map?

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 Candidate`s Examination
Number…………………………………………………………
A. 9 km
B. 2km
C. 4km
D. 18km
E. 1 km

2. Match the items in LIST A with their corresponding ones n List B then write the letter of the
correct response beside the item number.
LIST A LIST B
(i) Formed when wave erosion undercuts the shore to form a A. Stack
steep slope towards the ocean B. Geo
(ii) An opening formed when a cave tunnel becomes enlarged C. Beach
D. Stump
and extended into the top of cliff
E. Plateau
(iii) A long narrow inlet of the sea that penetrates into a cliff F. Cliff
(iv) Formed when caves develop on either sides or both sides of G. Delta
the head land. H. Natural arch
(v) The pillar of rock formed when natural arches collapse I. Estuary
separating the headland from its terminal J. Blow hole
(vi) An isolated mass of rock that has been formed as a result of
a stack being considerably eroded and hence reduced in
size.

SECTION B (54 Marks)

Answer all questions in this section
3. Study the following data of maize production in country ‘Y’ (‘000 tonnes) in the table below and
answer the questions that follow.
Year 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Tonnes 70 120 80 110 150 60 130 140
(a) Draw a divergent line graph showing maize production in country ‘Y’
(b) Comment on the characteristics of the graph that you have drawn.
(c) What is the usefulness of a divergent line graph?
4. What does the earth movement that involves spinning on the axis cause?
(Explain with five points)

5. Assume that you are a farmer who has been trained on the proper farming techniques. Explain to
other farmers how those techniques can prevent soil erosion. (Five points)
6. (a) Matata is planning to conduct a chain survey. Which obstacles may he encounter?(3points)
(b) What would you do to overcome obstacles when conducting a chain survey?(3 points)
7. Which characteristics do horizontal photographs have? (Six points)
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 Candidate`s Examination
Number…………………………………………………………
8. Carefully study the map extract of Hanang (Sheet 84/4) provided and answer the following
questions:
(a) Express the map scale as a statement.
(b) Find the bearing of grid reference 720220 to 680180.
(c) Giving three evidences from the map, suggest the climate of the mapped area.
(d) Suggest with evidence, five major economic activities which might take place in the area.
(e) Give four supportive contents of a topographical map provided.
(f) Mention three factors which affected the contents of the map given.

SECTION C: (30marks)

9. Although livestock keeping has a great contribution to the economy of Tanzania, commercial
livestock farmers face a number of problems. What are they? (Six points).
10. You are in a village where people clear forests with the aim of establishing settlements. Tell them
how important these natural resources are to the economy of Tanzania (Six points).

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