GLOBAL MEDIA CULTURE

Globalization- process of the world becoming interconnected as a result of trade and cultural exchanges

Media- play a significant role in shaping the global processes

-Tool for the interconnection of people with different cultures
-Carrier of culture

Global Media Culture- explores the relationship bet. media, culture and globl.
-approaches part and current challenges concerning international communication and explores and problematizes
the power of media
-globalization and media have created the conditions through wc many people can now imagine themselves as part
of one world

Examples of media
1. Television programs
2. Social media groups
3. Books
4. Movies
5. Magazines

EVOLUTION OF MEDIA AND GLOBL.

1. Oral comm- it allowed sharing of information. Language allowed human to communicate and cooperate
2. Script- allowed human to communicate over a larger space and much longer times
3. Printing press- This is where info revolution started. It transformed social institutions
4. Electronic Media- Radio and television

•Radio quickly became a global medium, reaching distant regions

•Television is considered as the most powerful mass media. It brought together both the visual and audio power

5. Digital Media- it makes it easy to stay in touch with friends, even if you are in another part of the world

•The media provide an extensive transnational transmission of cultural products

•They contribute to the formation of communication networks and social structure
•Media cultures take part in the process of globalization, including how they challenge existing cultures and create new and
alternative symbolic and cultural communications

DYNAMICS OF LOCAL AND GLOBAL CULTURE

Culture Differentialism- Emphasizes that cultures are diff.

-Superficially affected by global flaws
-Involved barriers that prevent flows that serve to make cultures more aline

Cultural Hybridization- a process by wc cultural elements blend to another culture

-Integration of local and global cultures

Cultural convergence- cultures are subject to many of the same global flows and became alike
-Spread of english language
-One component is that it has several aspects flowing across several kind of media platform

International Mass Media- played a vital role in enhancing global. as it linked societies closer with the exchange if ideas,
culture, multiple formation
3 MAJOR ANALYTICAL PERSPECTIVE OF MEDIA GLOBALIZATION (example in file)

Communication and dev. model- views the mass media as instrument of change in developing countries towards
modernization
Cultural imperialism model- views MM as instrument of manor powers ti control the progress of developing countries
Cultural pluralism model- recognizes the tole of audience to react, resist, and recreate info and ideas

GLOBAL DEMOGRAPHY & MITIGATION

Demography- study of statistics which illustrate the changing structure of human populations
-composition of particular human population

•Current population is 7.2B, increase of 1B in the next 12 yrs. 9.6B by 2050

•Population in 1950 was only over 2B, gaining new inhabitants at a rate of 76M per year

Population pessimism- world's resources would be unable to keep up with population growth
-Food production would expand more slowly than population

Population Optimism- population growth helped economic dev through technological innovation and increase of human
ingenuity supply
-researchers presented evidence of the pressure that population growth put on societies to create new solutions

Population Neutralism- population growth by itself has no effect on economic performance

-factors such as openness of trade, educ attainment etc determine whether economic progress can keep pace with
population expansion

MIGRATION- Moving from one place and settling to other place

•Based on the 2017 International Migration Report by the United Nations, the number of international migrants continue to
rise at a fast pace in recent years, reaching 258M in 2017, up from 220M in 2010 and
173M in 2000.

REASONS FOR MIGRATION

1. Political reasons- Civil strife, Wars, Need for asylum

6 countries that account for the most refugees:

Refugee- someone who left home and does not have a new home to go to

2. Economic reasons- in search for better opportunities like our OFW

•Economic factors provide the main reasons behind migration

Economic migrant-someone who emigrates from one region to another to seek improvement in living standards because
the living conditions in the migrant’s own region are not sufficient.

Environmental reasons- disaster-driven migration

•Envi probs and natural disasters cause the loss of money, homes, jobs:
Famine, Typhoons, Desertification, Rising sea-level

Environmental refugees- people who forced to leave their traditional habitat because of environmental disruption

BENEFITS OF MIGRATION

Remittances- important especially for home countries as these constitute a significant source of household income

•Migrants fill critical labor gaps, create jobs as entrepreneurs, and pay taxes and social security contributions
--This is evident in the Philippines. For example, the $2.4 billion integrated resort Okada Manila established by
Japanese businessman Kazuo Okada is an architectural beauty and a contributor to local employment.

PROBLEM OF MIGRATION

•Despite the significant benefits of migration,

some migrants remain among the most vulnerable members of society.
• Migrants are often the first to lose their jobs in the event of an economic downturn in the host country.
• Some migrants work for less pay, for longer
hours, and in worse conditions than
native- born workers.
• Some migrants endure human rights violations, abuse and discrimination.
--The Philippines is no stranger to this as we have seen, heard, and endured countless stories of maltreatment and
abuse especially among women OFWs who are either raped, inhumanely treated or worst met their untimely death in a
foreign land.

Brain drain- loss of trained and educated individuals to emigration

• For example, there are currently more African scientists and engineers working in the US than there are in all of Africa,
according to the International Organization
for Migration.
GLOBAL CITY

Global City- It is a highly globalized city with the most concentrations of firms, capital and talent.
-It is a city that serves as an important center for business, global trade, finance, tourism and globalization to exist.
-considered as the building blocks of globalization.

The Big 6
Singapore
Hong Kong
Tokyo
London
New York

The new world order of cities

Essential Traits of a Global City

1. Headquarters of several multinational corporations.
2. The existence of financial headquarters, a stock exchange, and major financial institutions.
3. Major manufacturing centers with port and container facilities.
4. Centers of new ideas and innovation in business, economics, culture, and politics.
5. Center of media and communications for global networks.
6. High percentage of residents employed in the services sector and information sector.
7. High quality educational institutions,
including renowned universities, international student attendance and research facilities.
8. Multi-functional infrastructure offering some of the best legal, medical, and entertainment facilities in the world.
9. High diversity in language, culture, religion, and ideologies.

How Global Cities are Evaluated?

1.Global Cities Index – it examines the current performance of cities based on five dimensions:
Business activity, Human capital, Information exchange, Cultural experience, and Political engagement.
2.Global Cities Outlook – it evaluates a city’s potential based on the following four dimensions:
Personal well-being, Economics, Innovation, and Governance.
Top 25 Global Cities 2017

The Negative Tendencies of Global Cities

1. There will be a concentration of wealth in the hands of owners, partners, and professionals associated with the high-end
firms.

2. There will be a growth of a large poor population that has a very hard time earning a living in the marketplace because of
the high-end activities.

Global City and Mobility

•An increasing migration tendency and the desire to live in the cities also bring several problems. One of these problems is
mobility of people.
• Traffic is indeed a problem especially in highly populated cities.
•Traffic congestion is increasingly becoming a global issue, with drivers spending nearly 50% of their driving time in traffic in
some cities around the world.
•The Philippines is no exception. In Manila, traffic is worsening and according to a study done by the Boston Consulting
Group, motorists and commuters get stuck in traffic for an average of 66 minutes daily .
•The said study conducted in 2017 places Metro Manila as 3rd worst in the Southeast Asian region, with an average of 66
minutes stuck in traffic daily. It comes after Bangkok, Thailand which is said to have the worst traffic ( 72 minutes), and 2nd
worst Jakarta, Indonesia ( 68 minutes).
•The worsening traffic in Metro Manila now costs Php3.5 billion in lost opportunities per day, highlighting the need for new
and modern infrastructure to ease congestion.
•The best performers in terms of traffic are Singapore (30 minutes) and Hong Kong (35 minutes) , two Asian states
considered as global cities.