CONTEMPORARY

WORLD
 CONTEMPORARY WORLD
The contemporary world is an ever-changing
mix of social and political changes.
There are circumstances and ideas of the
present age where it deals with problems
and issues related to environment,
population, wealth, power, tensions,
and conflicts.
Why study CONTEMPORARY WORLD?
1. To be aware of contemporary world problems
and issues that all societies must be concerned.

2. To develop competencies and construct

knowledge about problems and issues and
become aware of roles and
responsibilities as citizens.
 CONTEMPORARY WORLD
This course introduces students to the contemporary
world by examining the multifaceted phenomenon of
globalization. Using the various disciplines of social
sciences, it examines the economic, political,
technological, and other transformations that have
created an increasing awareness of the
interconnectedness of people and places
around the globe.
 CONTEMPORARY WORLD
To this end, the course provides an overview of the
various debates in global governance,
development, and sustainability. Beyond exposing
the student to the world outside the Philippines, it
seeks to inculcate a sense of global citizenship and
global ethical responsibility.
 LEARNING OUTCOMES:
A. Competencies
1. Distinguish different interpretations of and approaches
to globalization
2. Describe the emergence of global economic, political,
and cultural systems
3. Analyze the various contemporary drivers of
globalization
4. Understand the issues controlling the
nation state
 LEARNING OUTCOMES:
B. Skills
1. Analyze contemporary events in the context of
globalization
2. Analyze global issues in relation to Filipino and the
Philippines
3. Write a term paper with proper citations on a topic
related to globalization
 LEARNING OUTCOMES:

C. Values
1. Articulate personal positions on various global issues
2. Identify the ethical implications of global citizenship
 COURSE OUTLINE

Weeks 1-2: Introduction to Globalization

- Defining Globalization
The Structures of Globalization
- The Global Economy
- The Global Interstate System
 COURSE OUTLINE

Weeks 3-5: The Globalization of World Economics

- International Trading Systems
- The Bretton Woods System
- Economic Globalization Today
 COURSE OUTLINE

Weeks 3-5: A History of Global Politics: Creating an

International Order
- The Attributes of Today’s Global System
- The Interstate System
- Internationalism
 COURSE OUTLINE

Weeks 3-5: The United Nations and Contemporary

Global Governance
- What is an International Organization?
- The United Nations
- Challenges of the United Nations
 COURSE OUTLINE

Weeks 3-5: A World of Regions

- Countries, Regions, and Globalization
- Non- State Regionalism
- Contemporary Challenges to
Regionalism
 COURSE OUTLINE
Weeks 6-8: Media and Globalization
- Media and Its Functions
- The Global Village and Cultural
Imperialism
- Critiques of Cultural Imperialism
- Social Media and the Creation
of Cyber Ghettoes
 COURSE OUTLINE

Weeks 6-8: The Global City

- Why Study Global Cities
- Defining the Global City
- Indicators of Globality
- The Challenges of Global Cities
- The Global City and the Poor
 COURSE OUTLINE

Weeks 9-11: Global Demography

Global Migration
Environmental Crisis and Sustainable
Development
 COURSE PROJECT: Prelim Period

CRITIQUE PAPER ON JOURNAL ARTICLE

ABOUT GLOBALIZATION
COURSE PROJECT: Midterm Period

EDITORIAL CARTOON about

CONTEMPORARY WORLD and
GLOBALIZATION
 COURSE PROJECT: Final Period

INFOMMERCIAL about GLOBALIZATION

(2-3 minutes)
 Globalization changes the way nations, businesses and people of
contemporary world interact.

It changes the nature of economic activity among nations, expanding

trade, opening global supply chains, and providing access to natural
resources and labor markets.
Have you tried to listen to songs in Apple,
Spotify or Youtube Music?
Did you crave
for these?
 Do you have
account on these?
 Have you
watched any of
these dramas or
series in Netflix?
 Do you have
things from
foreign brands?
THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD
GLOBALIZATION
 GLOBALIZATION
It is the increased interconnectedness and
interdependence of people and countries, through
opening of international borders to increasingly fast
flows of goods, services, finance, people and ideas and
the changes in institutions and policies of national and
international levels that facilitates or
promote such flows.
 GLOBALIZATION
• Increasing interaction of people, states, or countries through
the growth of international flow of money, ideas, and culture.

• Focuses on economic process of integration that has social

and cultural aspects.

• Interconnectedness of people and business across

world that eventually lead to global, political,
and economic integration.
 GLOBALIZATION
• It is the free movement of goods, services, and people across
the world in a seamless and integrated manner.

• Liberalization of countries of their impact protocols and

welcome foreign investment into sectors that are the
mainstays of the economy.

• Refers to the countries acting like magnets

attracting global capital by opening up their
economies to multinational corporations.
 GLOBALIZATION
• “Globalization as the intensification of worldwide social
relations which link distant localities in such a way that local
happenings are shaped by events occurring many miles away
and vice versa.” – Anthony Giddens (The Consequence of
Modernity)

• “Globalization as a process by which the people

of the world are incorporated into a single world
society.”- Martin Albrow and Elizabeth King
WHAT MADE OR MAKES THE WORLD
INTERCONNECTED ?
 NETWORKING
It plays a pivotal role in establishing relationship
between nations in the world to the introduction of new
normal Globalization.

Networking. The action or process of interacting with

others to exchange information and develop
professional and social contacts.
A STORY: GIO, LATIF, AND THE LAKSA
The story shows how globalization operates at multiple,
intersecting levels:

1. The spread of Filipino TV in Malaysia (proliferation of

pop culture)
2. Gio and Latiff’s participation in an international
competition about international politics
3. Gio and Latiff’s communication through Facebook
4. Unexpected meet-up in Singapore--- a hub for global
commerce
The best scholarly definition of globalization is provided
by Manfred Steger:

“The expansion and intensification of social relations

and consciousness across world time and across world-
space.”
Expansion- refers to both creation of new social
networks and the multiplication of existing connections
that cut across traditional political, economic, cultural,
and geographic boundaries.

 Social media
 Non- governmental organizations (NGOs)
 Story: Gio was able to join a Model UN
competition because his university was
part of an international network.
Intensification- refers to the expansion, stretching, and
acceleration of these networks. Not only are global
connections multiplying, but they are also becoming
more closely knit and expanding their reach.

 Strong financial market between New

York and London. With the advent of
electronic trading, the volume of the trade
increases exponentially, as traders can
now trade more at higher speeds.
For anthropologist Arjun Appadurai, different kinds of
globalization occur on multiple and intersecting
dimensions of integration which he calls “scapes.”

1. ethnoscape- global movement of people

2. mediascape- flow of culture
3. technoscape- circulation of mechanical goods and
software
4. financescape- global circulation of money
5. ideoscape- moving around of political ideas
 GLOBALIZATION,
INTERNATIONALIZATION,
WESTERNIZATION
 GLOBALIZATION
Speed up of movements and exchanges of human
resources, goods and services capital, technologies and
cultural practices between countries in the world.

Expansion and intensification of economic, political and

social relations and consciousness across the world.
 GLOBALIZATION
EXAMPLES

Automobile manufacturing makes use of spare parts

from different countries and is fully assembled in one
country.

Computer parts and accessories are manufactured in a

foreign country and are sold in another country.
 INTERNATIONALIZATION
Designing a product in a way that it may readily
consumed across multiple countries.

It often requires modifying products to conform to

the technical and cultural needs of a given
country.
 INTERNATIONALIZATION
EXAMPLE

Cultural barriers. In India, many Hindus do not eat

beef. To internationalize, McDonald’s must focus on
chicken, fish, and other non- beef menu items that
better conform to local custom and culture.
 WESTERNIZATION
Process whereby societies come under or adopt
western culture in areas such as industry,
technology, politics, economics, lifestyle, law,
norms, mores, customs and traditions.
 WESTERNIZATION
EXAMPLE

Democracy, fast food, and American pop culture.

Westernization in the Philippines. Major festivities

which commemorate the patron saints of the
town and regional districts.
CHARACTERISTICS OF
GLOBALIZATION

• There is social mobility of movement of

people regardless of reason.
• There is an intensification of
interactions
• It is an active process
• Borderless interaction
• Spread of ideas, knowledge, technology,
culture, religion, etc.
 CHARACTERISTICS OF GLOBALIZATION
Held and McGrew (2002)

1. Creation and Multiplication of connections

2. Expansion and Stretching of connections
3. Intensification and Acceleration of connections
4. Consciousness and Awareness of connections
 CHARACTERISTICS OF GLOBALIZATION
Held and McGrew (2002)

1. Creation and Multiplication of connections:

Development and increasing social network and cultural

activities that led to the breaking of traditional norms and
practices in the political, economic and cultural realisms of
most communities.
 CHARACTERISTICS OF GLOBALIZATION
Held and McGrew (2002)

2. Expansion and Stretching of connections:

Social operations and corrections on how the financial

markets and trading operate around the globe that brought
expansions throughout the world.
Examples: The operations of Economic Organizations like of
WTO ASEAN Economic Community, World Economic Forum
and European Union
 CHARACTERISTICS OF GLOBALIZATION
Held and McGrew (2002)

3. Intensification and Acceleration of connections:

Human activities where it describes how the process of world

and individual connection works. The fourth Industrial
Revolution is a concrete example where Digital machines ARE
widely used in reaching every global event.
 CHARACTERISTICS OF GLOBALIZATION
Held and McGrew (2002)

4. Consciousness and Awareness of connections:

The people as the primary actors of globalization is very

important on how they impact the growing outcomes and
markers in globalization specially the implications of their
actions to the norms and practices of borderless world.
Historical Foundation of the term “Globalization”

BEFORE THE AGE OF

DISCOVERY →
AGE OF DISCOVERY →
1820s →
1900s →
20th CENTURY
Historical Foundation of the term “Globalization”
• 1897, Charles Russel coined the term CORPORATE
GIANTS, referring to a large national trust and other large
enterprises of the time
• 1930, the word “Globalize” as a noun appeared in a
publication entitled “Towards New Education’ where it
denoted a holistic view of human experience
• Late 1970s- Globalization was coined
• Early 1981- Globalization was used as an economic sense
• 2013, the globalization was used to define “borderless
society”
• 2017, Globalization was often used in the academe
• 2018, Globalization was now used in all disciplines
Historical Foundation of the term “Globalization”
• 1897, Charles Russel coined the term
CORPORATE GIANTS, referring to a large
national trust and other large enterprises
of the time
• 1930, the word “Globalize” as a noun
appeared in a publication entitled “Towards
New Education’ where it denoted a holistic
view of human experience
Historical Foundation of the term “Globalization”
• Late 1970s- Globalization was coined
• Early 1981- Globalization was used as an
economic sense
• 2013, the globalization was used to define
“borderless society”
• 2017, Globalization was often used in the
academe
• 2018, Globalization was now used in all
disciplines
 INDICATORS of Globalization

• Interdependence of countries in social

aspects
• Advancement of science and
technology
• Environmental issues across borders
• Economic globalization, cultural
globalization, and political globalization
 Economic Globalization

• Increasing interdependence of
world economies as a result of
growing scale of cross-border
trade of commodities and
services, flow of international
capital and rapid spread of
technologies
 Cultural Globalization
• Transmission of ideas, meanings, and
values around the world in such a way
as to extend and intensify social
relations.
• This process is marked by the common
consumption of cultures that have been
diffused by the internet, popular culture
media, and international travel.
 Political Globalization

• Political globalization refers to the

intensification and expansion of political
interrelations across the globe.
 REASONS for Globalization
• Rapid shrinking of time and distance across the
globe. One can easily cross the bridge to the other
side of the market place due to advance tools of
technology.

• Companies and institutions go global to find

political and economic stability which is relatively
good in other countries than the country of origin.
 REASONS for Globalization
• To get technological and managerial know-how
of other countries due to their advancement in
science, technology, education, health, and other
fields of discipline.

• To be close to raw materials and to markets for

their finished products which are not available in
the country of origin.
 REASONS for Globalization

• The creation of World Trade Organization (WTO)

had made it possible in stimulating increased
cross- border trade.

Aim: To help producers of goods and services

protect and manage their services.
STAGE of Globalization
• Stage 1. The first stage is the arm’s
length service activity of an essentially
domestic company/ institution which
moves into new market overseas by
linking up with local dealers and
distributors. (Partnership)

• Stage 2. The company/ institution takes

over these activities on its own.
STAGE of Globalization
• Stage 3. The domestic- based company
begins to carry out its own
manufacturing marketing and sales in
key foreign markets. (Implementing)

• Stage 4. The company/ institution

moves to a full insider position in these
markets and supported by a complete
business system including Research
and Development and engineering.
STAGE of Globalization

• Stage 5. The company/ institution

moves towards a genuinely global
mode of operation. Global localization
happens wherein the company
institution serves as local customers in
markets around the globe responding
to their needs.
 MERITS OF GLOBALIZATION

An open economy Productivity grows

spurs fast Exports jobs often more quickly when
countries produce
innovation with pay more than other
goods and services in
fresh ideas from jobs which they are of
abroad comparative
advantageous
 DEMERITS OF GLOBALIZATION

Exploitation of Widening of rich and Harmful effects on

underdeveloped poor gap small industries and
countries small businesses